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The Generality Of Cognitive Complexity Simplicity
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Book Synopsis Cognitive Styles by : Air Force Human Resources Laboratory
Download or read book Cognitive Styles written by Air Force Human Resources Laboratory and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of the literature to identify the various cognitive style constructs and the instruments used to measure them was completed. Each was evaluated with specific attention to possible relationships to Air Force technical training. Ten cognitive styels were selected for an in-depth summary of the state of the art, with special attention given to those that gave most promise for use. (Author).
Book Synopsis Personality and Assessment by : Walter Mischel
Download or read book Personality and Assessment written by Walter Mischel and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-04-15 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After many "out-of-print" years, this volume has been reissued in response to an increasing demand for copies. This reflects that the fundamental questions that motivated this book thirty years ago are still being asked. But more important, the answers -- or at least their outlines -- now seem to be in sight. In 1968, this book stood as an expression of a paradigm crisis in its critique of the state of personality psychology. The last three decades have been filled with controversy and debate about the dilemmas raised here, and then with renewal and fresh discoveries. It therefore seems especially timely to revisit the pages which posed the challenges. Mischel outlined the need to encompass the situation in the study of personality, but with a focus on the acquired meaning of stimuli and on the situation as perceived, viewing the individual as a cognitive-affective being who construes, interprets, and transforms the stimulus in a dynamic reciprocal interaction with the social world. He focused on the idiographic analysis of personality that had originally motivated the field, and the complexity, discriminative facility, and uniqueness of the individual, and sought to connect the expressions of personality to the individual's behavior -- that is, to what people do and not just what they say. Even the intrinsically contextualized "if...then..." expressions of the personality system -- its essential behavioral signatures -- were foreshadowed in this book that fired the opening salvo in a search for "a truly dynamic personality psychology."
Download or read book Inquiring Man written by Don Bannister and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-04 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1986, this was a new and completely updated edition of the book which, since 1970 had introduced a whole generation in English psychology to Kelly’s theory of personal constructs. By setting out a broadly designed and experimentally illustrated view of people as self-inventing explorers and interpreters of their world it challenged the ‘mechanical man’ of orthodox psychology. It proved a source of radically new ideas in psychotherapy, education and industry. This revised edition shows how the theory’s professional applications have spread ever wider, while many have realised that personal construct psychology contains, for them, the core of a personal philosophy.
Book Synopsis Sentencing as a Human Process by : John Hogarth
Download or read book Sentencing as a Human Process written by John Hogarth and published by University of Toronto Press. This book was released on 1971-12-15 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sentencing is not a neutral or mechanical act; it is a human process, highly charged affectively and motivationally. Sentencing decisions take place in a social environment of laws, facts, ideas, and people. This study of sentencing behaviour is primarily concerned with the mental processes involved in decision-making. It is based on intensive interviews and on measures of the information-processing ability of seventy-one full-time judges in Ontario. The work covers such topics as: problems of sentencing (particularly existing disparities); social and economic background of judges and their varying penal philosophies; the nature and measurement of judicial attitudes toward crime; punishment and related issues; prediction of sentencing behaviour based on attitude scales (which the author has constructed) and also on 'fact patterns perceived by judges'; and the impact of social and legal constraints on the sentencing process. The study concludes that there exists a very high correlation between a judges definition of situation and the sentence which he imposes and that while sentences meted out for a particular law violation under similar circumstances may differ among judges, judges are 'highly consistent within themselves.' Using these conclusions the author constructs a model of judicial behaviour and shows how this model can be used to predict and to explain sentencing and breaks new ground in the use of the social and behavioural sciences as sources of data to explain the sentencing process.
Download or read book Inquiring Man written by Donald Bannister and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-01-11 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A completely revised and updated edition of the classic introduction to Kelly's theory of Personal Constructs.
Book Synopsis Cognitive Science by : Marlin L. Languis
Download or read book Cognitive Science written by Marlin L. Languis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together theory, research and development in cognitive neuro-science. It investigates the neural processes involved in cognition and learning, using developments in computer technology to study the brain in action and other topographic brain mapping. Electrical activity patterns of the brain in the learning processes are displayed through these techniques. Part 1 delineates neuroscience application to educational perspectives. Part 2 reports on emotional and learning disorders, such as autism, while Part 3 applies cognitive science to educational and mental health, as well as to settings such as the classroom, rehabilitation centre or doctor's office.
Book Synopsis The Induction of Cognitive Complexity Through Noncontingent Reinforcement by : Carl Gardner Homer
Download or read book The Induction of Cognitive Complexity Through Noncontingent Reinforcement written by Carl Gardner Homer and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Black-and-White Thinking by : Kevin Dutton
Download or read book Black-and-White Thinking written by Kevin Dutton and published by Farrar, Straus and Giroux. This book was released on 2021-01-05 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking and timely book about how evolutionary biology can explain our black-and-white brains, and a lesson in how we can escape the pitfalls of binary thinking. Several million years ago, natural selection equipped us with binary, black-and-white brains. Though the world was arguably simpler back then, it was in many ways much more dangerous. Not coincidentally, the binary brain was highly adept at detecting risk: the ability to analyze threats and respond to changes in the sensory environment—a drop in temperature, the crack of a branch—was essential to our survival as a species. Since then, the world has evolved—but we, for the most part, haven’t. Confronted with a panoply of shades of gray, our brains have a tendency to “force quit:” to sort the things we see, hear, and experience into manageable but simplistic categories. We stereotype, pigeon-hole, and, above all, draw lines where in reality there are none. In our modern, interconnected world, it might seem like we are ill-equipped to deal with the challenges we face—that living with a binary brain is like trying to navigate a teeming city center with a map that shows only highways. In Black-and-White Thinking, the renowned psychologist Kevin Dutton pulls back the curtains of the mind to reveal a new way of thinking about a problem as old as humanity itself. While our instinct for categorization often leads us astray, encouraging polarization, rigid thinking, and sometimes outright denialism, it is an essential component of the mental machinery we use to make sense of the world. Simply put, unless we perceived our environment as a chessboard, our brains wouldn’t be able to play the game. Using the latest advances in psychology, neuroscience, and evolutionary biology, Dutton shows how we can optimize our tendency to categorize and fine-tune our minds to avoid the pitfalls of too little, and too much, complexity. He reveals the enduring importance of three “super categories”—fight or flight, us versus them, and right or wrong—and argues that they remain essential to not only convincing others to change their minds but to changing the world for the better. Black-and-White Thinking is a scientifically informed wake-up call for an era of increasing extremism and a thought-provoking, uplifting guide to training our gray matter to see that gray really does matter.
Book Synopsis The Motivation-Cognition Interface by : Catalina E. Kopetz
Download or read book The Motivation-Cognition Interface written by Catalina E. Kopetz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-09-11 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume honors the work of Arie W. Kruglanski. It represents a collection of chapters written by Arie’s former students, friends, and collaborators. The chapters are rather diverse and cover a variety of topics from politics, including international terrorism, to health related issues, such as addiction and self-control, to basic psychological principles, such as motivation and self-regulation, the formation of attitudes, social influence, and interpersonal relationships. What these chapters have in common is that they have all been inspired by Arie’s revolutionary work on human motivation and represent the authors’ attempt to apply the basic principles of motivation to the understanding of diverse phenomena.
Book Synopsis Psychology and Educational Practice by : Gerald S. Lesser
Download or read book Psychology and Educational Practice written by Gerald S. Lesser and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Social Influence Processes by : James T. Tedeschi
Download or read book The Social Influence Processes written by James T. Tedeschi and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-12 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social psychologists have always been concerned with two-person interactions and the factors enabling one person to gain dominance. Although social psychology has devised a revolutionary set of techniques to investigate the phenomenon of power, hypotheses are too often ambiguously stated, research programs end in cul-de-sacs, and experiments take on the character of one-shot studies. In an attempt to stimulate new directions in research and to provide cumulative emphasis on the development of scientific theory in the area of power relations, Tedeschi has assembled original and path breaking essays from a dozen outstanding scholars and researchers in the behavioral sciences. More tightly integrated than leading books in the field of power relations, The Social Influence Processes focuses on two-person interactions. A full explanation of the terms "power" and "influence" is followed by an analysis of the major variables in connections between two persons that must be taken into account in a scientific theory of social influence. The subsequent chapters respond to the categories established, attempting a comprehensive construction of social reality and offering suggestions and techniques for measuring and ordering its complexity. Particular areas of research and theory are isolated for consideration in depth--such topics as personality as a power construct (Power and Personality by Henry L. Minton), influence in exchange theory (The Tactical Use of Social Power by Andrew Michener and Robert W. Suchner), and leadership through charisma (Interpersonal Attraction and Social Influence by Elaine Walster and Darcy Abrahams). In the final chapter, Tedeschi, Thomas Bonoma, and Barry R. Schlenker attempt to provide a general theory of social influence processes as they affect the target individual by reviewing the research literature in their own theoretical terms. This remarkable volume will be of interest to students as well
Book Synopsis Complex Human Dynamics by : Andrzej Nowak
Download or read book Complex Human Dynamics written by Andrzej Nowak and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-01-08 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, edited and authored by a closely collaborating network of social scientists and psychologists, recasts typical research topics in these fields into the language of nonlinear, dynamic and complex systems. The aim is to provide scientists with different backgrounds - physics, applied mathematics and computer sciences - with the opportunity to apply the tools of their trade to an altogether new range of possible applications. At the same time, this book will serve as a first reference for a new generation of social scientists and psychologists wishing to familiarize themselves with the new methodology and the "thinking in complexity".
Book Synopsis Cognitive Complexity, Personality, and Opinion Change by : Claude Choquette
Download or read book Cognitive Complexity, Personality, and Opinion Change written by Claude Choquette and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Advances in Science, Technology, Higher Education and Society in the Conceptual Age: STHESCA by : Tadeusz Marek
Download or read book Advances in Science, Technology, Higher Education and Society in the Conceptual Age: STHESCA written by Tadeusz Marek and published by AHFE International (USA). This book was released on 2020-07-19 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on the advances in the Science, Technology, Higher Education, Society in the Conceptual Age, which are a critical aspect in the design of any technological system. The ideas and practical solutions described in the book are the outcome of dedicated research by academics and practitioners aiming to advance theory and practice in this dynamic and all-encompassing discipline. This book highlight new research in different fields for which the upcoming Conceptual Age is a common point. Leading researchers will continue to provide new ideas and guidance for those involved in creating contemporary and future conditions in the field of higher education, social sciences and new technologies. Research papers formed in various areas including psychology, management, life sciences, ergonomics and higher education issues.
Book Synopsis Mathematical Models of Attitude Change by : John E. Hunter
Download or read book Mathematical Models of Attitude Change written by John E. Hunter and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-10 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mathematical Models of Attitude Change, Volume 1: Change in Single Attitudes and Cognitive Structure presents the mathematical models that address the existing verbal attitude change theories, which are translated into families of mathematical models. This book discusses the two types of attitude change, namely, the attitude toward the object of the message and the attitude toward the source of the message. Organized into three parts encompassing 17 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the mathematical models of attitude change that are derived from several theories. This text then explains the empirical work designed to test selected mathematical models of attitude change. Other chapters consider the predictions made by different models, including reinforcement, information processing, social judgment, balance, dissonance, and congruity. This book discusses as well the attitude-related variable, namely, belief and belief change. The final chapter deals with models of change in hierarchical organized attitudes using alternative theories of attitude change. This book is a valuable resource for psychologists.
Book Synopsis Personal Construct Methodology by : Peter Caputi
Download or read book Personal Construct Methodology written by Peter Caputi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-17 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by an international team of experts, this collection provides a comprehensive account of established and emerging methods of collecting and analysing data within the framework of personal construct theory. Covers methods such as content analysis scales, repertory grid methodology, narrative assessments and drawings, the laddering and ABC techniques, and discusses how and why they are used Explores both qualitative and quantitative methods, as well as methods used in clinical and counselling settings Includes 13 contributions from leading international scholars
Book Synopsis Personality Assessment by : Philip E. Vernon
Download or read book Personality Assessment written by Philip E. Vernon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-01-27 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1964, the aim of this book was to analyse the psychological processes involved in understanding personality, and to consider how the psychologist could help in making more accurate assessments. Professor Vernon discusses in detail the scientific status of psychoanalytic and other ‘depth’ theories of motivation, the value of different types of psychotherapeutic treatment and counselling, the influence of upbringing on the development of personality, and the effectiveness of projective techniques. He also examines the reasons for the highly variable results obtained with personality tests and questionnaires. As well as providing a balanced review of theories of personality and of various types of test, this work made a fresh contribution to developing improved techniques of assessment.
