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The Gender Gap In Earnings Losses After Job Displacement
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Book Synopsis The Gender Gap in Earnings Losses After Job Displacement by : Hannah Illing
Download or read book The Gender Gap in Earnings Losses After Job Displacement written by Hannah Illing and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We compare men and women who are displaced from similar jobs by applying an event study design combined with propensity score matching and reweighting to administrative data from Germany. After a mass layo, women's earnings losses are about 35% higher than men's, with the gap persisting five years after displacement. This is partly explained by women taking up more part-time employment, but even women's full-time wage losses are almost 50% higher than men's. Parenthood magnifies the gender gap sharply. Finally, displaced women spend less time on job search and apply for lower-paid jobs, highlighting the importance of labor supply decisions.
Book Synopsis Gender Gaps from Labor Market Shocks by : Anne Sophie Lassen
Download or read book Gender Gaps from Labor Market Shocks written by Anne Sophie Lassen and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Job loss leads to persistent adverse labor market outcomes, but assessments of gender differences in labor market recovery are lacking. We utilize plant closures in Denmark to estimate gender gaps in labor market outcomes and document that women face an increased risk of unemployment in the two years following job displacement. We decompose the gender gap and show that human capital explains half of women's increased risk of unemployment. In addition, childcare imposes an important barrier to women's labor market recovery regardless of individual characteristics. Gender differences in sorting across occupations and sectors prior to displacement play a very minor role.
Book Synopsis Unemployment Gender Gap During the Current Recession by : Aysegul Sahin
Download or read book Unemployment Gender Gap During the Current Recession written by Aysegul Sahin and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2011 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a print on demand edition of a hard to find publication. The condition of the U.S. labor market has been deteriorating rapidly during the current recession. Payroll employment declined by close to 7 million and the unemployment rate increased to 9.7%, the highest level since 1983. The current recession has had a more adverse effect on men than women. Since the start of the recession, the unemployment rate for men has increased much more than for women. The authors document that the disproportionate increase in the unemployment inflow rate for men caused this discrepancy. Men are more concentrated in the sectors that were hit hardest by the recession. Men have flown into unemployment from non-participation contributing to men¿s higher unemployment rate. Charts and tables.
Book Synopsis Fired and Pregnant by : Jordy Meekes
Download or read book Fired and Pregnant written by Jordy Meekes and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Gender Differences in the Incidence and Consequences of Job Displacement from Import-sensitive Industries by : Lori Gladstein Kletzer
Download or read book Gender Differences in the Incidence and Consequences of Job Displacement from Import-sensitive Industries written by Lori Gladstein Kletzer and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Is Technology Widening the Gender Gap? Automation and the Future of Female Employment by : Mariya Brussevich
Download or read book Is Technology Widening the Gender Gap? Automation and the Future of Female Employment written by Mariya Brussevich and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2019-05-06 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using individual level data on task composition at work for 30 advanced and emerging economies, we find that women, on average, perform more routine tasks than men?tasks that are more prone to automation. To quantify the impact on jobs, we relate data on task composition at work to occupation level estimates of probability of automation, controlling for a rich set of individual characteristics (e.g., education, age, literacy and numeracy skills). Our results indicate that female workers are at a significantly higher risk for displacement by automation than male workers, with 11 percent of the female workforce at high risk of being automated given the current state of technology, albeit with significant cross-country heterogeneity. The probability of automation is lower for younger cohorts of women, and for those in managerial positions.
Book Synopsis Losing Work, Moving on by : Peter Joseph Kuhn
Download or read book Losing Work, Moving on written by Peter Joseph Kuhn and published by W.E. Upjohn Institute. This book was released on 2002 with total page 561 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: And synthesis / Peter J. Kuhn -- Displaced workers in the United States and the Netherlands / Joap H. Abbring ... [et al.] -- Worker displacement in Japan and Canada / Masahiro Abe ... [et al.] -- They get knocked down. do they get up again? / Jeff Borland ... [et al.] -- Worker displacement in France and Germany / Stefan Bender ... [et al.] -- Employment protection and the consequences for displaced workers / Karsten Albk, Marc Van Audenrode, and Martin Browning.
Book Synopsis Three Essays on the Consequences of Job Displacement by : Nicholas A. Jolly
Download or read book Three Essays on the Consequences of Job Displacement written by Nicholas A. Jolly and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Gender Pay Gap by : Fatma Abdel-Raouf
Download or read book The Gender Pay Gap written by Fatma Abdel-Raouf and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Closing the gender pay gap begins with awareness and understanding of the state of the gap. This hybrid book that serves as a resource for both the academic and corporate communities, builds the reader’s awareness of the gender pay gap, its magnitude and ramifications, and provides action plans to address the challenge. Much of the existing literature on the gender pay gap provides an excellent foundation in stating facts and inferences; yet, the reader is often left wondering "now what?" This book tells the story of the state of the gap by the numbers and then offers specific actions that can be taken to achieve equity. The authors combine backgrounds in statistics and management/HR to provide a unique perspective in painting a broader overview of the issue, examining the history of the gender pay gap, its global impact, and how nations are addressing the issue. The book shines a light on the wide-ranging effects of the gap, including women’s poverty rates, student loans, economic growth, childhood poverty, and corporate profits, and offers insights to help close it with best practices of select organizations. Upper-level undergraduate, postgraduate, and executive education students will appreciate the clarity and conciseness of this guide to understanding and solving an important human resources issue. The inclusion of a brief instructor’s manual and PowerPoint slides for each chapter differentiates this book and adds to the ease of adoption in both the academic and corporate setting.
Book Synopsis Earnings Losses After Involuntary Displacement by : Christopher Erath
Download or read book Earnings Losses After Involuntary Displacement written by Christopher Erath and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Flexible Wages and the Costs of Job Displacement by : Sofía Fernández Guerrico
Download or read book Flexible Wages and the Costs of Job Displacement written by Sofía Fernández Guerrico and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates whether flexible pay increases the wage costs of job displacement. We use quasi-exogenous variation in the timing of job loss due to mass layoffs spanning over an institutional reform that restricted single-employer bargaining, the Belgian Wage Norm in 1996. We find that average earnings losses over a ten-year period after displacement are 10 percentage points larger under flexible pay.Workers displaced from jobs with higher employer-specific wage premiums-service sector and white-collar-benefit the most from restricted single-employer bargaining as their earnings fully converge to non-displaced workers' earnings within three years. We show that the differences in earnings losses across wage-setting systems are not driven by fluctuations in the business cycle. Finally, the wage-setting reform had similar effects on female workers, though it did not narrow the gender gap in pre-layoff wages. Our results suggest that reduced pay flexibility may help displaced workers catch up faster to non-displaced workers' pay premium ladder conditional on re-employment.
Book Synopsis Gender, Technology, and the Future of Work by : Mariya Brussevich
Download or read book Gender, Technology, and the Future of Work written by Mariya Brussevich and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-10-08 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies?digitalization, artificial intelligence, and machine learning?are changing the way work gets done at an unprecedented rate. Helping people adapt to a fast-changing world of work and ameliorating its deleterious impacts will be the defining challenge of our time. What are the gender implications of this changing nature of work? How vulnerable are women’s jobs to risk of displacement by technology? What policies are needed to ensure that technological change supports a closing, and not a widening, of gender gaps? This SDN finds that women, on average, perform more routine tasks than men across all sectors and occupations?tasks that are most prone to automation. Given the current state of technology, we estimate that 26 million female jobs in 30 countries (28 OECD member countries, Cyprus, and Singapore) are at a high risk of being displaced by technology (i.e., facing higher than 70 percent likelihood of being automated) within the next two decades. Female workers face a higher risk of automation compared to male workers (11 percent of the female workforce, relative to 9 percent of the male workforce), albeit with significant heterogeneity across sectors and countries. Less well-educated and older female workers (aged 40 and above), as well as those in low-skill clerical, service, and sales positions are disproportionately exposed to automation. Extrapolating our results, we find that around 180 million female jobs are at high risk of being displaced globally. Policies are needed to endow women with required skills; close gender gaps in leadership positions; bridge digital gender divide (as ongoing digital transformation could confer greater flexibility in work, benefiting women); ease transitions for older and low-skilled female workers.
Book Synopsis Understanding the Sources of Earnings Losses After Job Displacement by : Andreas Gulyas
Download or read book Understanding the Sources of Earnings Losses After Job Displacement written by Andreas Gulyas and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We implement a generalized random forest (Athey et al., 2019) to a differencein-difference setting to identify substantial heterogeneity in earnings losses across displaced workers. Using administrative data from Austria over three decades we document that a quarter of workers face cumulative 11-year losses higher than 2 times their pre-displacement annual income, while almost 10% of individuals experience gains. Our methodology allows us to consider many competing theories of earnings losses. We find that the displacement firm's wage premia and the availability of well paying jobs in the local labor market are the two most important factors. This implies that earnings losses can be understood by mean reversion in firm wage premia and losses in match quality, rather than by a destruction of firm-specific human capital. We further show that 94% of the cyclicality of earnings losses is explained by compositional changes of displaced workers over the business cycle.
Book Synopsis Exploring the Reasons Behind the Narrowing Gender Gap in Earnings by : Elaine Joy Sorensen
Download or read book Exploring the Reasons Behind the Narrowing Gender Gap in Earnings written by Elaine Joy Sorensen and published by University Press of America. This book was released on 1991 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :John M. Abowd Publisher :Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche et développement en économique ISBN 13 : Total Pages :94 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis High Wage Workers and High Wage Firms by : John M. Abowd
Download or read book High Wage Workers and High Wage Firms written by John M. Abowd and published by Université de Montréal, Centre de recherche et développement en économique. This book was released on 1994 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We study a longitudinal sample of over one million French workers and over 500,000 employing firms. Real total annual compensation per worker is decomposed into components related to observable characteristics, worker heterogeneity, firm heterogeneity and residual variation. Except for the residual, all components may be correlated in an arbitrary fashion. At the level of the individual, we find that person-effects, especially those not related to observables like education, are the most important source of wage variation in France. Firm-effects, while important, are not as important as person-effects. At the level of firms, we find that enterprises that hire high-wage workers are more productive but not more profitable. They are also more capital and high-skilled employee intensive. Enterprises that pay higher wages, controlling for person-effects, are more productive and more profitable. They are also more capital intensive but are not more high-skilled labor intensive. We also find that person-effects explain 92% of inter-industry wage differentials.
Book Synopsis ESSAYS ON HETEROGENEOUS TREATMENT EFFECTS IN THE LABOR MARKET by : Afrouz Azadikhah Jahromi
Download or read book ESSAYS ON HETEROGENEOUS TREATMENT EFFECTS IN THE LABOR MARKET written by Afrouz Azadikhah Jahromi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 129 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation includes three chapters. The first two chapters mainly focus on the effects of job displacement on earnings. The first chapter analyzes how the effects of job displacement on earnings vary among natives and immigrants in the United States, while the second chapter studies the distributional effects of job displacement using quantile regression and distribution regression. The third chapter considers the distributional effects of having children on women's income. In particular, I apply the Changes in Changes approach and distribution regression to study how the motherhood penalty varies across different women. Chapter 1, tilted THE HETEROGENEOUS EFFECTS OF JOB DISPLACEMENT ON IMMIGRANT AND NATIVE WORKERS, extends the previous literature by analyzing the consequences of job displacement on weekly earnings among natives and immigrants in the United States and also examines whether job displacement has different effects among native displaced workers residing in states with different share of immigrants' population. Although there are contradictory findings in the literature about how immigrants would respond to labor market shocks differently from natives, the existing literature agreed on the fact that workers who involuntarily lose their jobs experience long spells of unemployment after displacement. Fully understanding the consequences of job displacement among natives and immigrants, and the role of the share of immigrants' population on native displaced workers may help policy-makers to better formulate immigration policies as well as off-setting labor market policies for displaced workers. My results show that some groups of immigrants experience slightly smaller earning losses following displacement compared to natives, and I did not find significant effects of the share of immigrants on the earning loss of native displaced workers. Chapter 2, titled HETEROGENEOUS EFFECTS OF JOB DISPLACEMENT ON EARNINGS (with Brantly Callaway), considers how the effect of job displacement varies across different individuals. In particular, our interest centers on features of the distribution of the \textit{individual-level} effect of job displacement. Identifying features of this distribution is particularly challenging -- e.g., even if we could randomly assign workers to be displaced or not, many of the parameters that we consider would not be point identified. We exploit our access to panel data, and our approach relies on comparing outcomes of displaced workers to outcomes the same workers would have experienced if they had not been displaced and if they maintained the same rank in the distribution of earnings as they had before they were displaced. Using data from the Displaced Workers Survey, we find that displaced workers earn about \$157 per week less than they would have earned if they had not been displaced. We also find that there is substantial heterogeneity. We estimate that 42\% of workers have higher earnings than they would have had if they had not been displaced and that a large fraction of workers have substantially lower earnings than the average effect of displacement. Finally, we also document major differences in the distribution of the effect of job displacement across education levels, sex, age, and counterfactual earnings levels. Throughout the paper, we rely heavily on quantile regression. First, we use quantile regression as a flexible (yet feasible) first step estimator of conditional distributions and quantile functions that our main results build on. We also use quantile regression to study how covariates affect the distribution of the individual-level effect of job displacement. Chapter 3, titled THE HETEROGENEOUS EFFECTS OF HAVING CHILDREN ON WOMEN'S INCOME, estimates the distributional effects of having children on women's annual income in the United States using the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth from 1979 to 2016. Existing work on motherhood penalty shows that while the wage gap among men and women becomes smaller in the United States, the gap between mothers and childless women is increasing (\cite{waldfogel1998understanding}). After childbirth, women usually experience an immediate decrease in their earnings relative to what they would have earned if they had not become a mother. The gap closes somewhat over time though mothers never fully catch up to their counterfactuals. Previous work tried to explain the motherhood wage penalty by estimating the average treatment effect of children on women's earnings, but these effects can be quite heterogeneous across mothers with different observable characteristics. By utilizing the Changes-in-Changes model and distribution regression, I find that around 90\% of mothers have lower income after having children. White, married, older, and highly educated mothers with two or more children experience a substantial drop in their income.
Book Synopsis Employment and Earnings Outcomes of Permanent Job Loss by : Lori Ann Gladstein
Download or read book Employment and Earnings Outcomes of Permanent Job Loss written by Lori Ann Gladstein and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
