The Forts And Fortifications Of Europe

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The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815- 1945: The Neutral States

Author : J.E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1783463929
Total Pages : 258 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (834 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815- 1945: The Neutral States by : J.E. Kaufmann

Download or read book The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815- 1945: The Neutral States written by J.E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2014-10-30 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the Napoleonic Wars the borders of Europe were redrawn and relative peace endured across the region, but the volatile politics of the late nineteenth century generated an atmosphere of fear and distrust, and it gave rise to a new era of fortress building. In the neutral states situated between France and Germany - The Netherlands, Belgium and Switzerland - the need for extensive fixed defences was particularly urgent, and this is the subject of this highly illustrated new study. The strategic thinking that gave rise to these defensive schemes is described in detail, as is the planning, design and construction of the lines themselves. Their operational history in wartime, in particular during the Second World War, is a key element of this expert account.

The Forts & Fortifications of Europe 1815-1945: The Central States

Author : J. E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 147383855X
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forts & Fortifications of Europe 1815-1945: The Central States by : J. E. Kaufmann

Download or read book The Forts & Fortifications of Europe 1815-1945: The Central States written by J. E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2014-07-02 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “Extremely well written and presented and gives you every scrap of information you’ll ever need on cupolas, embrasures and cloches.”—War History Online After the Napoleonic Wars, the borders of Central Europe were redrawn and relative peace endured across the region, but the volatile politics of the late nineteenth century generated an atmosphere of fear and distrust, and it gave rise to a new era of fortress building, and this is the subject of this highly illustrated new study. The authors describe how defensive lines and structures on a massive scale were constructed along national frontiers to deter aggression. The Germans, Austro-Hungarians and Czechs all embarked on ambitious building programs. Artillery positions, barbed-wire networks, casemates, concrete bunkers, trench lines, observation posts all sprang up in a vain attempt to keep the peace and to delay the invader. The strategic thinking that gave rise to these defensive schemes is described in detail in this study, as is the planning, design and construction of the lines themselves. Their operational history in wartime, in particular during the Second World War, is a key element of the account. “A useful introduction for those wishing to develop a knowledge of fortifications and their impact on the conduct of war.”—Firetrench “The maps and plans, especially the plans, are numerous and extremely helpful. They show the arrangement of fortifications in a way that simple text would have found impossible. For those with an interest in European land fortifications of the 19th and 20th centuries, this book is an excellent general survey.”—The Coast Defense Journal

Forts and Fortifications of Europe

Author : Joseph E. Kaufmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)

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Book Synopsis Forts and Fortifications of Europe by : Joseph E. Kaufmann

Download or read book Forts and Fortifications of Europe written by Joseph E. Kaufmann and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Forts and Fortifications of Europe

Author : Joseph E. Kaufmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (893 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forts and Fortifications of Europe by : Joseph E. Kaufmann

Download or read book The Forts and Fortifications of Europe written by Joseph E. Kaufmann and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fortress Europe

Author : J.E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen and Sword Military
ISBN 13 : 1399002759
Total Pages : 474 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (99 download)

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Book Synopsis Fortress Europe by : J.E. Kaufmann

Download or read book Fortress Europe written by J.E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword Military. This book was released on 2022-06-02 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A few of the fortifications and fortified lines of the world wars are well known and have often been written about, illustrated and studied. But they tend to distract attention from the wide range of fixed defenses constructed across Europe on an enormous scale after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, during a period of insecurity and aggression. That is why this new, highly illustrated study, which covers the entire continent, is so valuable. The authors examine the major fortified positions and describe their strategic purpose, their design and construction, and the role they played in military planning and operations. The outstanding contribution of the major military architects of the time is a key theme. The work of Séré de Rivières, Brialmont and others had a major influence on the course of the First World War and on the fortifications built before and during the Second World War. Their approach is visible in the designs for the Maginot Line, the East and West walls of Germany, the Vallo Alpino in Italy, the Soviet Stalin and Molotov lines, the Mannerheim and Salpa lines of Finland, the Greek Metaxas Line, the Beneš Line of Czechoslovakia as well as the defenses built by the Dutch and Scandinavians. The breadth of the coverage, the degree of detail and the numerous illustrations make the book essential reading and reference for anyone who has a special interest in the world wars and the history of fortifications.

Fortress Europe

Author : J. E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Da Capo Press
ISBN 13 : 9780306811746
Total Pages : 431 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (117 download)

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Book Synopsis Fortress Europe by : J. E. Kaufmann

Download or read book Fortress Europe written by J. E. Kaufmann and published by Da Capo Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The only comprehensive description of all of Europe's World War II forts-from the Atlantic Wall to the Molotov Line-supplemented by scores of remarkable technical drawings

Fortress Europe: From Stone to Steel Fortifications, 1850-1945

Author : J. E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen & Sword Military
ISBN 13 : 9781399002721
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis Fortress Europe: From Stone to Steel Fortifications, 1850-1945 by : J. E. Kaufmann

Download or read book Fortress Europe: From Stone to Steel Fortifications, 1850-1945 written by J. E. Kaufmann and published by Pen & Sword Military. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A few of the fortifications and fortified lines of the world wars are well known and have often been written about, illustrated and studied. But they tend to distract attention from the wide range of fixed defenses constructed across Europe on an enormous scale after the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-71, during a period of insecurity and aggression. That is why this new, highly illustrated study, which covers the entire continent, is so valuable. The authors examine the major fortified positions and describe their strategic purpose, their design and construction, and the role they played in military planning and operations.The outstanding contribution of the major military architects of the time is a key theme. The work of Séré de Rivières, Brialmont and others had a major influence on the course of the First World War and on the fortifications built before and during the Second World War. Their approach is visible in the designs for the Maginot Line, the East and West walls of Germany, the Vallo Alpino in Italy, the Soviet Stalin and Molotov lines, the Mannerheim and Salpa lines of Finland, the Greek Metaxas Line, the Benes Line of Czechoslovakia as well as the defenses built by the Dutch and Scandinavians.The breadth of the coverage, the degree of detail and the numerous illustrations make the book essential reading and reference for anyone who has a special interest in the world wars and the history of fortifications.

The Fortifications of Verdun 1874–1917

Author : Clayton Donnell
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1849084130
Total Pages : 66 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (49 download)

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Book Synopsis The Fortifications of Verdun 1874–1917 by : Clayton Donnell

Download or read book The Fortifications of Verdun 1874–1917 written by Clayton Donnell and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2012-08-20 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ring of fortifications protecting the city of Verdun on the Meuse River would become critical in the infamous battle of World War I. This book examines these fortifications, including the famous forts of Douaumont and Vaux that saw some of the fiercest fighting during the battle.

Fighting Terror after Napoleon

Author : Beatrice de Graaf
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1108842062
Total Pages : 519 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (88 download)

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Book Synopsis Fighting Terror after Napoleon by : Beatrice de Graaf

Download or read book Fighting Terror after Napoleon written by Beatrice de Graaf and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-10 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Europe was forged out of the ashes of the Napoleonic wars by means of a collective fight against revolutionary terror. The Allied Council created a culture of in- and exclusion, of people that were persecuted and those who were protected, using secret police, black lists, border controls and fortifications, and financed by European capital holders.

Fortress America

Author : J.E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Da Capo Press, Incorporated
ISBN 13 : 9780306812941
Total Pages : 480 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis Fortress America by : J.E. Kaufmann

Download or read book Fortress America written by J.E. Kaufmann and published by Da Capo Press, Incorporated. This book was released on 2004-12-13 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A comprehensive account of North American fortifications and defense structures from colonial times to the twentieth century, supplemented by scores of remarkable photographs, technical drawings, maps, and diagrams." -- book jacket.

Forts

Author : The National Archives
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1472827619
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Forts by : The National Archives

Download or read book Forts written by The National Archives and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2018-09-20 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ever since humans began to live together in settlements they have felt the need to organise some kind of defence against potentially hostile neighbours. Many of the earliest city states were built as walled towns, and during the medieval era, stone castles were built both as symbols of the defenders' strength and as protection against potential attack. The advent of cannon prompted fortifications to become lower, denser and more complex, and the forts of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries could appear like snowflakes in their complexity and beautiful geometry. Without forts, the history of America could have taken a very different course, pirates could have sailed the seas unchecked, and Britain itself could have been successfully invaded. This book explains the history of human fortifications, and is beautifully illustrated using photographs, plans, drawings and maps to explain why they were built, their various functions and their immense historical legacy in laying the foundations of empire.

Castle to Fortress

Author : J. E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1526736888
Total Pages : 391 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (267 download)

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Book Synopsis Castle to Fortress by : J. E. Kaufmann

Download or read book Castle to Fortress written by J. E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2019-07-30 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors of Castrum to Castle trace the “evolution of defensive architecture at the turn of the late Middle Ages and the beginning of the Renaissance.” —Old Barbed Wire Blog Across western Europe, the long tradition of castle-building took on its most sophisticated form in the later Medieval period and then, in response to the development of gunpowder weapons, it underwent a fundamental change—from castle to fortress. This, the second volume of a highly illustrated new study of medieval fortification, gives a fascinating insight into the last great age of castles and the centuries of violence and conflict they were part of. It traces the advances made between the twelfth and the fifteenth centuries, looking in particular at the form these fortifications took in contexts as different as Italy, Wales, France and the Iberian Peninsula. Many would regard this period in the history of castles as the classic age. It was followed by a phase of relative decline as the conditions of warfare changed and castles had to be adapted to cope with cannon. The conventional castle gave way to new styles of fortification. But, as the authors demonstrate, they were still essential factors in military calculations and campaigns—they were of direct strategic and tactical importance wherever there was an attempt to take or hold territory. “A fascinating treatise on the way such buildings were modified to provide protection from growing threats.” —Books Monthly

The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815-1945: The Central States

Author : J.E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1848848064
Total Pages : 271 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (488 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815-1945: The Central States by : J.E. Kaufmann

Download or read book The Forts and Fortifications of Europe 1815-1945: The Central States written by J.E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2014-07-02 with total page 271 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After the Napoleonic Wars the borders of Central Europe were redrawn and relative peace endured across the region, but the volatile politics of the late nineteenth century generated an atmosphere of fear and distrust, and it gave rise to a new era of fortress building, and this is the subject of this highly illustrated new study. The authors describe how defensive lines and structures on a massive scale were constructed along national frontiers to deter aggression. The Germans, Austro-Hungarians and Czechs all embarked on ambitious building programmes. Artillery positions, barbed-wire networks, casemates, concrete bunkers, trench lines, observation posts all sprang up in a vain attempt to keep the peace and to delay the invader. The strategic thinking that gave rise to these defensive schemes is described in detail in this study, as is the planning, design and construction of the lines themselves. Their operational history in wartime, in particular during the Second World War, is a key element of the account.

Fortress Europe

Author : Robert Kaufman
Publisher : Da Capo Press
ISBN 13 : 9781580970006
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Fortress Europe by : Robert Kaufman

Download or read book Fortress Europe written by Robert Kaufman and published by Da Capo Press. This book was released on 1999-04-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Maginot Line is the most famous fortification system of World War II, but in fact most European countries were busy building fortified defensive lines from the end of World War I until 1941, when the limitations of the French approach became obvious. In addition to the West European sources and contacts he drew upon for the popular Hitler's Blitzkrieg Campaigns, J.E. Kaufmann has now been able to use previously-unavailable East European archives to provide new material on the Soviet Stalin and Molotov Lines and the Czech Nachod-Ostrava defenses. A truly comprehensive account of all European fortifications of the World War II era is available now for the first time, supplemented by scores of remarkable technical drawings by Polish artist Robert M. Jurga.

The Atlantic Wall

Author : J. E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1783378387
Total Pages : 707 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (833 download)

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Book Synopsis The Atlantic Wall by : J. E. Kaufmann

Download or read book The Atlantic Wall written by J. E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2012-09-19 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This WWII history and visitor’s guide explores the extensive network of Nazi fortifications built to defend Fortress Europe. Hitler's Atlantic Wall, the complex system of coastal fortifications that stretched from Norway to the Spanish border during the Second World War, was built to defend occupied Europe from Allied invasion. Many of its principal structures survive and can be visited today. This authoritative guide provides both practical information for visitors and essential historical context. The wall, which was constructed on a massive scale between 1942 and 1944 by German engineers, forced laborers and troops, consisted of strong points, artillery casemates, bunkers, troop shelters, minefields, anti-tank and anti-boat obstacles. It also included the concrete U-boat and E-boat pens in the key ports and, behind the Channel coast, the V-weapon sites. This huge scheme of fortifications was one of the longest series of defensive lines in military history. This comprehensive volume takes readers and visitors through the entire story of the fortifications from the fall of France to the D-Day invasion on the beaches of Normandy that finally broke through. As a guide to some of the most impressive relics of the Second World War, this book is essential reading for travelers or anyone interested in the liberation of occupied Europe.

Castrum to Castle

Author : J. E. Kaufmann
Publisher : Pen and Sword
ISBN 13 : 1473895820
Total Pages : 434 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (738 download)

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Book Synopsis Castrum to Castle by : J. E. Kaufmann

Download or read book Castrum to Castle written by J. E. Kaufmann and published by Pen and Sword. This book was released on 2018-10-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A richly illustrated history of military fortifications in ancient and medieval times. For over a thousand years, from the time of the Roman Empire to the classic period of castle-building in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, fortified sites played a key role in European warfare. This highly illustrated history gives a fascinating insight into their design and development and into the centuries of violence and conflict they were part of. The study traces the evolution of fortifications starting with those of the Romans and their successors. Included are the defenses erected to resist Islamic invasions and Viking raids and the castles built during outbreaks of warfare. As the authors demonstrate, castles and other fortifications were essential factors in military calculations and campaigns. They were of direct strategic and tactical importance wherever there was an attempt to take or hold territory. The factors that influenced their location, layout, and construction are analyzed in this fascinating book, as is the way in which they were adapted to meet the challenges of new tactics and weapons.

The Forts of the Meuse in World War I

Author : Clayton Donnell
Publisher : Osprey Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9781846031144
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (311 download)

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Book Synopsis The Forts of the Meuse in World War I by : Clayton Donnell

Download or read book The Forts of the Meuse in World War I written by Clayton Donnell and published by Osprey Publishing. This book was released on 2007-02-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On October 29, 1891, the new forts built around the cities of Li_ge and Namur, known as the "Forts of the Meuse," were turned over to the Belgian Army. The huge project, which had begun in 1888 and cost 71.6 million Belgian Francs, required over 9,000 workers to complete. It produced 21 modern forts that could defend the strategic rail, river, and road arteries passing through narrow gaps to the flat, open plains of Flanders. The Forts of the Meuse were the creation of General Brialmont, one of the foremost military engineers of his time. The development of new and more powerful artillery meant that Brialmont's forts were made of concrete, featuring underground barracks, storerooms, and guns protected in revolving steel turrets. In August 1914, the German Army attempted a quick crossing of this area in order to reach France, but it took them 12 days to destroy the fortresses, with the 30,000 Belgian troops putting up a valiant fight. Containing maps, diagrams, and photographs taken from private collections, this book explores the design, development, and influence of the "Forts of the Meuse," and highlights the importance of their role during the opening battle of World War I.