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The Formation Of The American Scientific Community The American Association For The Advancement Of Science 1848 1860
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Book Synopsis The Establishment of Science in America by : Sally Gregory Kohlstedt
Download or read book The Establishment of Science in America written by Sally Gregory Kohlstedt and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A history of the American Association for the Advancement of Science providing insight into the development of science in the USA in the last 150 years. This work covers matters such as scientists' role in society, public attitudes towards science, and the sponsorship of research.
Book Synopsis An Anthology of Nineteenth-Century American Science Writing by : C. R. Resetarits
Download or read book An Anthology of Nineteenth-Century American Science Writing written by C. R. Resetarits and published by Anthem Press. This book was released on 2013-11-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a brief anthology of the most influential writing by American scientists between 1800 and 1900. Arranged thematically and chronologically to highlight the progression of American science throughout the nineteenth century – from its beginnings in self-taught classification and exploration to the movement towards university education and specialization – it is the first collection of its kind. Each section begins with a biography, putting human faces to each time period, and introducing such notable figures as Thomas Jefferson and Louis Agassiz.
Book Synopsis Physiology in the American Context, 1850-1940 by : Gerald L. Geisson
Download or read book Physiology in the American Context, 1850-1940 written by Gerald L. Geisson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-05-27 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of physiology in America, this places the development of American physiology in the cultural context of the period. Divided into three parts, the book covers social and institutional history; physiology in relation to other fields; and instruments, materials and techniques.
Book Synopsis History of Science in United States by : Marc Rothenberg
Download or read book History of Science in United States written by Marc Rothenberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-12 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Encyclopedia examines all aspects of the history of science in the United States, with a special emphasis placed on the historiography of science in America. It can be used by students, general readers, scientists, or anyone interested in the facts relating to the development of science in the United States. Special emphasis is placed in the history of medicine and technology and on the relationship between science and technology and science and medicine.
Book Synopsis American Science in the Age of Jackson by : George H. Daniels
Download or read book American Science in the Age of Jackson written by George H. Daniels and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 1994-10-30 with total page 306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of the 56 scientists most published in the 16 scientific journals identified as national during the period 1815-1845. Daniels (history, U. of South Alabama) shows how American scientists emerged from a disorganized group of amateurs into a professional body sharing common goals. Includes biographical and bibliographical sketche of leading scientists of the time period. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Book Synopsis Coming of Age in Chicago by : Curtis M. Hinsley
Download or read book Coming of Age in Chicago written by Curtis M. Hinsley and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2016-02 with total page 619 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coming of Age in Chicago explores a watershed moment in American anthropology, when an unprecedented number of historians and anthropologists of all subfields gathered on the 1893 Chicago Columbian Exposition fairgrounds, drawn together by the fair’s focus on indigenous peoples. Participants included people making a living with their research, sporadic backyard diggers, religiously motivated researchers, and a small group who sought a “scientific” understanding of the lifeways of indigenous peoples. At the fair they set the foundation for anthropological inquiry and redefined the field. At the same time, the American public became aware, through their own experiences at the fair, of a global humanity, with reactions that ranged from revulsion to curiosity, tolerance, and kindness. Curtis M. Hinsley and David R. Wilcox combine primary historical texts, modern essays, and rarely seen images from the period to create a volume essential for understanding the significance of this event. These texts explore the networking of thinkers, planners, dreamers, schemers, and scholars who interacted in a variety of venues to lay the groundwork for museums, academic departments, and expeditions. These new relationships helped shape the profession and the trajectory of the discipline, and they still resonate more than a century later.
Book Synopsis Curators and Culture by : Joel J. Orosz
Download or read book Curators and Culture written by Joel J. Orosz and published by University of Alabama Press. This book was released on 2002-06-28 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author researched ten museums founded prior to 1870, using primary sources. Those chosen comprised a geographically diverse sample of pre-1870 American museums and covered a range of disciplines, among them art, history, and natural science.
Book Synopsis Patronage, Practice, and the Culture of American Science by : Hugh Richard Slotten
Download or read book Patronage, Practice, and the Culture of American Science written by Hugh Richard Slotten and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-06-24 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book Hugh Richard Slotten explores the institutional and cultural history of science in the United States. The main focus is on the activities of Alexander Dallas Bache - great-grandson of Benjamin Franklin and the acknowledged "chief" of the American scientific community during the second third of the nineteenth century. Bache played a central role in the organization and management of a number of key scientific institutions, including the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Smithsonian Institution, and the National Academy of Sciences. But his dominance in these institutions was made possible through his control of an organization less well known today, the United States Coast Survey, which he superintended from 1843 until his death in 1867. Under Bache's command the Coast Survey became the central scientific institution in antebellum America. Using richly detailed archival records, Slotten pursues an analysis of Bache and the Coast Survey that illuminates important historiographic themes. We gain a better understanding of the particular style of nineteenth-century American science by examining the role of the Coast Survey as a source of patronage. Perhaps most important, this study explores the ways in which scientific knowledge and practice are embedded within local contexts. Although Bache sought to use the Coast Survey to raise the status of American science partly by emulating European scientific elites, his efforts also reflected the cultural and political values of antebellum America. Slotten thus analyzes the interrelationship between political culture, patterns of patronage, and the institutional practice of science in the United States.
Book Synopsis Chemistry in America 1876–1976 by : A. Thackray
Download or read book Chemistry in America 1876–1976 written by A. Thackray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 582 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is an outgrowth of our interest in the history of modern chemistry. The paucity of reliable, quantitative knowledge about past science was brought home forcibly to us when we undertook a research seminar in the comparative history of modern chemistry in Britain, Germany, and the United States. That seminar, which took place at the University of Pennsylvania in the spring of 1975, was paralleled by one devoted to the work of the "Annales School". The two seminars together catalyzed the attempt to construct historical measures of change in aspects of one science, or "chem ical indicators". The present volume displays our results. Perhaps our labors may be most usefully compared with the work of those students of medieval science who devote their best efforts to the establish ment of texts. Only when acceptable texts have been constructed from fragmentary and corrupt sources can scholars move on to the more satisfying business of making history. So too in the modern period, a necessary pre liminary to the full history of any scientific profession is the establishing of reliable quantitative information in the form of statistical series. This volume does not offer history. Instead it provides certain element- indicators -- that may be useful to individuals interested in the history of American chemistry and chemical industry, and suggestive for policy.
Book Synopsis Evan Pugh’s Penn State by : Roger L. Williams
Download or read book Evan Pugh’s Penn State written by Roger L. Williams and published by Penn State Press. This book was released on 2018-02-22 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When Evan Pugh became the first president of Pennsylvania’s Farmers’ High School—later to be known as The Pennsylvania State University—the small campus was in disrepair and in dire need of leadership. Pugh was young, barely into his 30s, but he was energetic, educated, and visionary. During his tenure as president he molded the school into a model institution of its kind: America’s first scientifically based agricultural college. In this volume, Roger Williams gives Pugh his first book-length biographical treatment. Williams recounts Pugh’s short life and impressive career, from his early days studying science in the United States and Europe to his fellowship in the London Chemical Society, during which he laid the foundations of the modern ammonium nitrate fertilizer industry, and back to Pennsylvania, where he set about developing “upon the soil of Pennsylvania the best agricultural college in the world” and worked to build an American academic system mirroring Germany’s state-sponsored agricultural colleges. This last goal came to fruition with the passage of the Morrill Act in 1862, just two years prior to Pugh’s death. Drawing on the scientist-academic administrator’s own writings and taking a wide focus on the history of higher education during his lifetime, Evan Pugh’s Penn State tells the compelling story of Pugh’s advocacy and success on behalf of both Penn State and land-grant colleges nationwide. Despite his short life and career, Evan Pugh’s vision for Penn State made him a leader in higher education. This engaging biography restores Pugh to his rightful place in the history of scientific agriculture and education in the United States.
Book Synopsis The Pursuit of Knowledge Under Difficulties by :
Download or read book The Pursuit of Knowledge Under Difficulties written by and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1995-12 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This first history of nontraditional education in America covers the span from Benjamin Franklin's Junto to community colleges. It aims to unravel the knotted connections between education and society by focusing on the voluntary pursuit of knowledge by those who were both older and more likely to be gainfully employed than the school-age population.
Book Synopsis Lehigh University by : Willard Ross Yates
Download or read book Lehigh University written by Willard Ross Yates and published by Lehigh University Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: W. Ross Yates has chosen for his subject a history of education in engineering, business, and related fields as they developed at Lehigh University in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. This work is neither an official institutional history nor a call to the nostalgia of "old grads," but a scholar's summary of some major trends in education whose interweaving produced Lehigh University, with original objectives that survived good and bad fortune, good and indifferent management, and an unfailing (if at times flawed) attention to evolving national vocational and liberal educational ideals. Asa Packer, builder of the Lehigh Valley Railroad, founded Lehigh University in 1865 to provide a useful, "common-sense" education for men planning careers in engineering, applied science, and the professions. He lavishly endowed it. With the declining fortunes of the Lehigh Valley Railroad in the 1890s, the university had to retrench, but it continued along lines laid down by Packer. About the turn of the century Lehigh added programs for careers in teaching and business. With aid from alumni and industries, especially its neighbor, the Bethlehem Steel Corporation, Lehigh built strong undergraduate programs in engineering, science, business administration, teacher education, and the liberal arts. At every stage, Lehigh's development was bound up with the growth of a science-based society. Originally the interaction was most obvious at the local level. Situated in the industrial part of the lower Lehigh Valley in southeastern Pennsylvania, Lehigh was, until the First World War, removed from the large manufacturing and financial centers of the Atlantic seaboard and was intimately associated with local enterprises concentrating on anthracite coal, railroads, and heavy metals, especially iron, steel, and zinc. After the First World War, Lehigh began forming a capacity for sponsored research and branching out into graduate education. With the conclusion of the Second World War, these moves were speeded up. Lehigh entered the mainstream of currents in science, engineering, and industrial management. It broadened its financial base, modernized its administration, built up its capacity in physics and chemistry, added programs leading to the M.B.A., Ph.D., and Ed.D. degrees, and organized research centers. During the late 1960s student and faculty discontents, born of a collision between rapid internal growth and unsettling international situations, briefly delayed orderly progress. Trustees and administrators allayed discontents by bringing students and faculty into the work of administration. By 1980 the university was still small by modern standards, having approximately 4,400 undergraduate and half as many graduate students. It had become coeducational and continued concentrating on vocational preparation for careers in engineering, science, business, and teaching, all within the context of a liberal arts emphasis on the human condition.
Download or read book Working Knowledge written by Joel Isaac and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2012-06-11 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The human sciences in the English-speaking world have been in a state of crisis since the Second World War. The battle between champions of hard-core scientific standards and supporters of a more humanistic, interpretive approach has been fought to a stalemate. Joel Isaac seeks to throw these contemporary disputes into much-needed historical relief. In Working Knowledge he explores how influential thinkers in the twentieth century's middle decades understood the relations among science, knowledge, and the empirical study of human affairs. For a number of these thinkers, questions about what kinds of knowledge the human sciences could produce did not rest on grand ideological gestures toward "science" and "objectivity" but were linked to the ways in which knowledge was created and taught in laboratories and seminar rooms. Isaac places special emphasis on the practical, local manifestations of their complex theoretical ideas. In the case of Percy Williams Bridgman, Talcott Parsons, B. F. Skinner, W. V. O. Quine, and Thomas Kuhn, the institutional milieu in which they constructed their models of scientific practice was Harvard University. Isaac delineates the role the "Harvard complex" played in fostering connections between epistemological discourse and the practice of science. Operating alongside but apart from traditional departments were special seminars, interfaculty discussion groups, and non-professionalized societies and teaching programs that shaped thinking in sociology, psychology, anthropology, philosophy, science studies, and management science. In tracing this culture of inquiry in the human sciences, Isaac offers intellectual history at its most expansive.
Book Synopsis Reference Services and Technical Services by : Gordon Stevenson
Download or read book Reference Services and Technical Services written by Gordon Stevenson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-12-05 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, first published in 1984, analyses the provision of more effective library service by relying more heavily on collaboration between reference and technical services librarians.
Book Synopsis Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists by : George A. Cevasco
Download or read book Biographical Dictionary of American and Canadian Naturalists and Environmentalists written by George A. Cevasco and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1997-12-09 with total page 958 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Casting a wide net, this volume provides personal and professional information on some 445 American and Canadian naturalists and environmentalists, who lived from the late 15th century to the late 20th century. It includes explorers who published works on the natural history of North America, conservationists, ecologists, environmentalists, wildlife management specialists, park planners, national park administrators, zoologists, botanists, natural historians, geographers, geologists, academics, museum scientists and administrators, military personnel, travellers, government officials, political figures and writers and artists concerned with the environment. Some of the subjects are well known. The accomplishments of others are little known. Each entry contains a succinct but careful evaluation of the subject's career and contributions. Entries also include up-to-date bibliographies and information concerning manuscript sources.
Book Synopsis Theaters of Time and Space by : Jordan Marche
Download or read book Theaters of Time and Space written by Jordan Marche and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 2005-06-08 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year, millions of Americans visit planetariums and are captivated by their strikingly realistic portrayal of the night sky. Today, it is indeed difficult to imagine astronomy education without these magnificent celestial theaters. But projection planetariums, first developed in Germany, have been a part of American museum pedagogy only since the early twentieth century and were not widespread until the 1960s. In this unique social history, former planetarium director and historian of science Jordan D. Marché II offers the first complete account of the community of individuals and institutions that, during the period between 1930 and 1970, made planetariums the popular teaching aids they are today. Marché addresses issues such as the role of gender and social developments within the planetarium community, institutional patronage, and the popularization of science. He reveals how, at different times, various groups, including financial donors, amateur scientists, and government officials, viewed the planetarium as an instrument through which they could shape public understanding and perceptions of astronomy and space science. Offering an insightful, wide-ranging look into the origins of an institution that has fascinated millions, Theaters of Time and Space brings new perspectives to how one educational community changed the cultural complexion of science, helped shape public attitudes toward the U.S. space program, and even contributed to policy decisions regarding allocations for future space research.
Book Synopsis Mischievous Creatures by : Catherine McNeur
Download or read book Mischievous Creatures written by Catherine McNeur and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2023-10-31 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The untold story of two sisters whose discoveries sped the growth of American science in the nineteenth century, combining "meticulous research and sensitive storytelling" (Janice P. Nimura, New York Times-bestselling author of The Doctors Blackwell) In Mischievous Creatures, historian Catherine McNeur uncovers the lives and work of Margaretta Hare Morris and Elizabeth Carrington Morris, sisters and scientists in early America. Margaretta, an entomologist, was famous among her peers and the public for her research on seventeen-year cicadas and other troublesome insects. Elizabeth, a botanist, was a prolific illustrator and a trusted supplier of specimens to the country’s leading experts. Together, their discoveries helped fuel the growth and professionalization of science in antebellum America. But these very developments confined women in science to underpaid and underappreciated roles for generations to follow, erasing the Morris sisters’ contributions along the way. Mischievous Creatures is an indelible portrait of two unsung pioneers, one that places women firmly at the center of the birth of American science.
