The Evolution of Agency

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262370212
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (623 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Agency by : Michael Tomasello

Download or read book The Evolution of Agency written by Michael Tomasello and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading developmental psychologist proposes an evolutionary pathway to human psychological agency. Nature cannot build organisms biologically prepared for every contingency they might possibly encounter. Instead, Nature builds some organisms to function as feedback control systems that pursue goals, make informed behavioral decisions about how best to pursue those goals in the current situation, and then monitor behavioral execution for effectiveness. Nature builds psychological agents. In a bold new theoretical proposal, Michael Tomasello advances a typology of the main forms of psychological agency that emerged on the evolutionary pathway to human beings. Tomasello outlines four main types of psychological agency and describes them in evolutionary order of emergence. First was the goal-directed agency of ancient vertebrates, then came the intentional agency of ancient mammals, followed by the rational agency of ancient great apes, ending finally in the socially normative agency of ancient humans. Each new form of psychological organization represented increased complexity in the planning, decision-making, and executive control of behavior. Each also led to new types of experience of the environment and, in some cases, of the organism’s own psychological functioning, leading ultimately to humans’ experience of an objective and normative world that governs all of their thoughts and actions. Together, these proposals constitute a new theoretical framework that both broadens and deepens current approaches in evolutionary psychology.

Organisms, Agency, and Evolution

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 1107122104
Total Pages : 295 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Organisms, Agency, and Evolution by : D. M. Walsh

Download or read book Organisms, Agency, and Evolution written by D. M. Walsh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-11-13 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book argues that evolution arises from the activities of organisms as agents, not from the replication of genes.

The Evolution of Agency

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Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262047004
Total Pages : 174 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Agency by : Michael Tomasello

Download or read book The Evolution of Agency written by Michael Tomasello and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-09-06 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading developmental psychologist proposes an evolutionary pathway to human psychological agency. Nature cannot build organisms biologically prepared for every contingency they might possibly encounter. Instead, Nature builds some organisms to function as feedback control systems that pursue goals, make informed behavioral decisions about how best to pursue those goals in the current situation, and then monitor behavioral execution for effectiveness. Nature builds psychological agents. In a bold new theoretical proposal, Michael Tomasello advances a typology of the main forms of psychological agency that emerged on the evolutionary pathway to human beings. Tomasello outlines four main types of psychological agency and describes them in evolutionary order of emergence. First was the goal-directed agency of ancient vertebrates, then came the intentional agency of ancient mammals, followed by the rational agency of ancient great apes, ending finally in the socially normative agency of ancient humans. Each new form of psychological organization represented increased complexity in the planning, decision-making, and executive control of behavior. Each also led to new types of experience of the environment and, in some cases, of the organism’s own psychological functioning, leading ultimately to humans’ experience of an objective and normative world that governs all of their thoughts and actions. Together, these proposals constitute a new theoretical framework that both broadens and deepens current approaches in evolutionary psychology.

Agents and Goals in Evolution

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192546732
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (925 download)

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Book Synopsis Agents and Goals in Evolution by : Samir Okasha

Download or read book Agents and Goals in Evolution written by Samir Okasha and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Samir Okasha offers a philosophical perspective on evolutionary biology in Agents and Goals in Evolution. His focus is on "agential thinking", which is a mode of thought commonly employed in evolutionary biology. The paradigm case of agential thinking involves treating an evolved organism as if it were an agent pursuing a goal, such as survival or reproduction, and treating its phenotypic traits as strategies for achieving that goal, or furthering its biological interests. Agential thinking involves deliberately transposing a set of concepts - goals, interests, strategies - from rational human agents to the biological world more generally. Okasha's enquiry begins by asking whether this is justified. Is agential thinking mere anthropomorphism, or does it play a genuine intellectual role in the science? This central question leads Okasha to a series of further questions. How do we identify the "goal" that evolved organisms will behave as if they are trying to achieve? Can agential thinking ever be applied to groups or genes, rather than to individual organisms? And how does agential thinking relate to the controversies over fitness-maximization in evolutionary biology? In the final third of the book, Okasha examines the relation between the adaptive and the rational. If organisms can validly be treated as agent-like, for the purposes of evolutionary analysis, should we expect that their evolved behaviour will correspond to the behaviour of rational agents as codified in the theory of rational choice? If so, does this mean that the fitness-maximizing paradigm of the evolutionary biologist can be mapped directly to the utility-maximizing paradigm of the rational choice theorist? Okasha explores these questions using an inter-disciplinary methodology that draws on philosophy of science, evolutionary biology and economics.

The Evolution of Agency and Other Essays

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521645379
Total Pages : 332 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (453 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Agency and Other Essays by : Kim Sterelny

Download or read book The Evolution of Agency and Other Essays written by Kim Sterelny and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A leading philosopher of biology presents a collection of essays on biological evolution.

Semiotic Agency

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Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030894843
Total Pages : 385 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Semiotic Agency by : Alexei Sharov

Download or read book Semiotic Agency written by Alexei Sharov and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-02-08 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book invites readers to embark on a journey into the world of agency encompassing humans, other organisms, cells, intracellular molecular agents, colonies, populations, ecological systems, and artificial autonomous systems. We combine mechanistic and non-mechanistic approaches in the analysis of the function and evolution of organisms, their subagents, and multi-organism systems, and in this way offer a theoretical platform for integrating biosemiotics with both natural science and the humanities/social sciences. Agents are autonomous systems that incorporate knowledge on how to make sense of their environment and use it to achieve their goals. The functions of all agents are supported by mechanisms at the lowest level; however, the explanatory power of mechanistic analysis is not sufficient for complex agents. Non-mechanistic methods rely on the goal-directedness of agents whose dynamics follow self-stabilized dynamic attractors. The properties of attractors depend on stable or slowly changing factors, and such dependencies can be interpreted as sign relations if they are adaptive in nature. Agents can replace or redirect mechanisms on demand in order to preserve their functions; for performing higher-level semiotic functions, mechanisms are thus only means. We assume that mechanism and semiosis are not mutually exclusive, and that simple agents can interpret signs mechanistically. This assumption allows us to extend semiotic analysis to all agents, including ribosomes in cells, computers, and robots. This book challenges established traditions in natural science and the humanities/social sciences: semiotics no longer appears as restricted to humans and rational thinking, and biology is no longer limited to rely exclusively on mechanistic reasoning.

The Evolution of Mind

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Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 9780195110531
Total Pages : 284 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Mind by : Denise D. Cummins

Download or read book The Evolution of Mind written by Denise D. Cummins and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1998 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In The Evolution of Mind, outstanding figures on the cutting edge of evolutionary psychology follow clues provided by current neuroscientific evidence to illuminate many puzzling questions of human cognitive evolution. With contributions from psychologists, ethologists, anthropologists, and philosophers, the book offers a broad range of approaches to explore the mysteries of the mind's evolution - from investigating the biological functions of human cognition to drawing comparisons between human and animal cognitive abilities.

Novel Approaches to Information Systems Design

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Publisher : IGI Global
ISBN 13 : 1799829774
Total Pages : 299 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (998 download)

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Book Synopsis Novel Approaches to Information Systems Design by : Prakash, Naveen

Download or read book Novel Approaches to Information Systems Design written by Prakash, Naveen and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2020-01-03 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Though traditionally information systems have been centralized, these systems are now distributed over the web. This requires a re-investigation into the way information systems are modeled and designed. Because of this new function, critical problems, including security, never-fail systems, and quality of service have begun to emerge. Novel Approaches to Information Systems Design is an essential publication that explores the most recent, cutting-edge research in information systems and exposes the reader to emerging but relatively mature models and techniques in the area. Highlighting a wide range of topics such as big data, business intelligence, and energy efficiency, this publication is ideally designed for managers, administrators, system developers, information system engineers, researchers, academicians, and graduate-level students seeking coverage on critical components of information systems.

Nature Alive

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Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1527509680
Total Pages : 326 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (275 download)

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Book Synopsis Nature Alive by : Adam Scarfe

Download or read book Nature Alive written by Adam Scarfe and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2018-04-18 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume pays homage to Alfred North Whitehead’s (1861-1947) profound lecture and essay entitled “Nature Alive,” which was one of his most mature expressions of his process-relational metaphysics – a holistic conceptual framework that renders vivid the dynamic character of the natural world and the intrinsic purposiveness, selective agency, and creativity of living organisms. Inspired by, but not beholden to, Whitehead’s process metaphysical “lens,” the contributors to this volume bring a multiplicity of philosophical orientations to the table in challenging the mechanistic and reductionistic neo-Darwinian paradigm that is still dominant today in the life sciences. Mechanistic neo-Darwinism views nature and living organisms as “machines,” namely, as networks of externally related and linear causal “switches,” “dials,” “levers,” “pulleys,” and “gears,” that are “at the ready” for technological and biotechnological manipulation. Seeking a conceptual framework and a language that are more adequate to the study of the natural world and of living creatures than the mechanistic orientation, the contributors to this volume explore several of the “New Frontiers of Biology,” which are areas of biology whose findings to some extent go beyond the explanatory confines of the Modern Synthesis of natural selection and genetics. Most notably, emergence theory, the theory of organic selection, epigenetics, homeostasis, chronobiology, and autopoiesis research can provide us with key insights that can assist us in explaining how living agents emerged, including the evolutionary origins of mentality, consciousness, and mind. Moreover, attention to the “New Frontiers of Biology” can serve to “re-enchant” our understanding of the natural world and to prevent ecological devastation, through a restoration to objectivity of notions such as “intrinsic purposiveness,” “selective agency,” “creativity,” and “intrinsic value.”

Flawed by Design

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Publisher : Stanford University Press
ISBN 13 : 080474131X
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (47 download)

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Book Synopsis Flawed by Design by : Amy B. Zegart

Download or read book Flawed by Design written by Amy B. Zegart and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Challenging the belief that national security agencies work well, this book asks what forces shaped the initial design of the Central Intelligence Agency, the Joint Chiefs of Staff, and the National Security Council in ways that meant they were handicapped from birth.

The Evolution of Institutional Economics

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 9780415322539
Total Pages : 568 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (225 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of Institutional Economics by : Geoffrey Martin Hodgson

Download or read book The Evolution of Institutional Economics written by Geoffrey Martin Hodgson and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exciting new book from Geoffrey Hodgson is eagerly awaited by social scientists from many different backgrounds. This book charts the rise, fall and renewal of institutional economics in the critical, analytical and readable style that Hodgson's fans have come to know and love, and that a new generation of readers will surely come to appreciate.

Sydney Brenner's 10-on-10: The Chronicles Of Evolution

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Author :
Publisher : Wildtype Books
ISBN 13 : 9811197164
Total Pages : 272 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Sydney Brenner's 10-on-10: The Chronicles Of Evolution by : Shuzhen Sim

Download or read book Sydney Brenner's 10-on-10: The Chronicles Of Evolution written by Shuzhen Sim and published by Wildtype Books. This book was released on 2018-11-09 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humans now wield a greater influence on the planet than any other species in history, and human-developed technologies like genetic engineering and artificial intelligence stand poised to overtake biological evolution. Just how did we arrive at this unique moment in human history, 14 billion years after the birth of the universe Sydney Brenner's 10-on-10: The Chronicles of Evolution brings together 24 prominent scientists and thinkers to trace the story of evolution through ten logarithmic scales of time. Through expert insights, this unique volume considers how humans found our place in the cosmos, and imagines what lies ahead.Published by Wildtype Books and distributed by World Scientific Publishing Co.

Intelligent Agents in the Evolution of Web and Applications

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Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540880704
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (48 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligent Agents in the Evolution of Web and Applications by : Ngoc Thanh Nguyen

Download or read book Intelligent Agents in the Evolution of Web and Applications written by Ngoc Thanh Nguyen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-01-17 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intelligent agents have revolutionised the way we do business, we teach, we learn, design systems, and so on. Agent applications are increasingly being developed in - mains as diverse as meteorology, manufacturing, war gaming, UAV mission mana- ment and the evolution of Web [1]. The Web has also has the same effect on our daily life as the intelligent agents. We use Web for information search, shopping, news, communication and so on. We wonder how we lived without Web in the past [2]. The book presents a sample of some of the most innovative research on the use of intelligent agents in the evolution of Web. There are thirteen chapters in the book. Chapters are on theoretical foundations as well as practical applications. We are grateful to the contributors and reviewers for their contribution. We believe that the research reported in the book will encourage researchers to develop the robust human-like intelligent machines for the service of humans. We sincerely thank Springer-Verlag for their editorial support during the prepa- tion of the manuscript. The editors appreciate the resources provided by Wroclaw University of Technology and the University of South Australia to edit this volume.

Thought in a Hostile World

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Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780631188872
Total Pages : 280 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (888 download)

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Book Synopsis Thought in a Hostile World by : Kim Sterelny

Download or read book Thought in a Hostile World written by Kim Sterelny and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2003-09-12 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: WINNER OF THE 2004 LAKATOS AWARD! Thought in a Hostile World is an exploration of the evolution of cognition, especially human cognition, by one of today's foremost philosophers of biology and of mind. Featuresan exploration of the evolution of human cognition. Written by one of today’s foremost philosophers of mind and language. Presents a set of analytic tools for thinking about cognition and its evolution. Offers a critique of nativist, modular versions of evolutionary psychology, rejecting the example of language as a model for thinking about human cognitive capacities. Applies to the areas of cognitive science, philosophy of mind, and evolutionary psychology.

The Evolution of EU Law

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0192661809
Total Pages : 1024 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (926 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of EU Law by : Paul Craig

Download or read book The Evolution of EU Law written by Paul Craig and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-19 with total page 1024 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This last decade has been particularly turbulent for the EU. Beset by crises - the financial crisis, the rule of law crisis, the migration crisis, Brexit, and the pandemic - European Law has had to adapt and change in a way not previously seen. First published in 1999, the goal then was to reflect on the important developments that had been made since the creation of the EEC. That goal has not changed. From EU Administrative Law through to the Regulation of Network Industries, each chapter in this seminal work assess the legal and political forces that have shaped the evolution of EU law. With new chapters covering the Rule of Law, Judicial Reform, Brexit, Constitutional and Legal Theory, Refugee and Asylum law, and Data Governance, this third edition of The Evolution of EU Law is a must read for any student or academic of EU law.

The Evolution of National Wildlife Law

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of National Wildlife Law by : Environmental Law Institute

Download or read book The Evolution of National Wildlife Law written by Environmental Law Institute and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

The Evolution of National Wildlife Law

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (243 download)

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Book Synopsis The Evolution of National Wildlife Law by : Michael J. Bean

Download or read book The Evolution of National Wildlife Law written by Michael J. Bean and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: