The Effects Of Maternal Depression Family Origin And Infant Temperament On Quality Of Parenting As Mediated By Maternal Efficacy

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Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309121787
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-10-28 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depression is a widespread condition affecting approximately 7.5 million parents in the U.S. each year and may be putting at least 15 million children at risk for adverse health outcomes. Based on evidentiary studies, major depression in either parent can interfere with parenting quality and increase the risk of children developing mental, behavioral and social problems. Depression in Parents, Parenting, and Children highlights disparities in the prevalence, identification, treatment, and prevention of parental depression among different sociodemographic populations. It also outlines strategies for effective intervention and identifies the need for a more interdisciplinary approach that takes biological, psychological, behavioral, interpersonal, and social contexts into consideration. A major challenge to the effective management of parental depression is developing a treatment and prevention strategy that can be introduced within a two-generation framework, conducive for parents and their children. Thus far, both the federal and state response to the problem has been fragmented, poorly funded, and lacking proper oversight. This study examines options for widespread implementation of best practices as well as strategies that can be effective in diverse service settings for diverse populations of children and their families. The delivery of adequate screening and successful detection and treatment of a depressive illness and prevention of its effects on parenting and the health of children is a formidable challenge to modern health care systems. This study offers seven solid recommendations designed to increase awareness about and remove barriers to care for both the depressed adult and prevention of effects in the child. The report will be of particular interest to federal health officers, mental and behavioral health providers in diverse parts of health care delivery systems, health policy staff, state legislators, and the general public.

Dissertation Abstracts International

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :

Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstracts of dissertations available on microfilm or as xerographic reproductions.

Exploring the Impact of Paternal Mental Health on the Mother-infant Relationship Within the Context of Maternal Postpartum Depression

Download Exploring the Impact of Paternal Mental Health on the Mother-infant Relationship Within the Context of Maternal Postpartum Depression PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (956 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring the Impact of Paternal Mental Health on the Mother-infant Relationship Within the Context of Maternal Postpartum Depression by :

Download or read book Exploring the Impact of Paternal Mental Health on the Mother-infant Relationship Within the Context of Maternal Postpartum Depression written by and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background Postpartum depression impacts not only mothers, but also all members of a family. Similarly, the mental health of family members can influence the experiences of mothers with postpartum depression. This study sought to understand the factors that impact the mother-infant relationship during the postpartum period. Specifically, the study was interested in how the father's mental health indirectly influenced maternal positive affective involvement. An integrative theoretical approach, consisting of ecological theory and stress process theory, was used to conceptualize how familial factors influenced maternal positive affective involvement during mother-infant interactions. Method The current study used archival data collected to examine the efficacy of a mother-infant treatment group (M-ITG) as an intervention for mothers experiencing postpartum depression (Clark et al., 2003). The study consisted of 147 families whose mothers met the criteria for postpartum depression and had an infant that was less than 6 months old. Participants primarily identified as White, but also identified as Native American, Black, Asian, Other, and Multiethnic. Parents ranged in age from 19 to 44 years old. Data was gathered on mothers' perceptions of marital satisfaction using the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS), mothers' experiences of parenting stress with the Parenting Stress Index (PSI), maternal postpartum depression through the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS), paternal mental health from the Symptom Checklist - 90 (SCL-90), infant temperament using the PSI, demographic factors, and maternal positive affective involvement during mother-infant interactions with the Parent-Child Early Relational Assessment (P-CERA). Data was analyzed via descriptive, correlational, and predictive statistics. Results and Discussion There were four main findings within the study. The fathers' levels of education predicted both marital satisfaction and the severity of maternal depression, household income predicted mothers' experiences of parenting stress, and the fathers' mental health predicted maternal positive affective involvement. Conclusion The study highlights the importance of assessing and treating each member of the family during the postpartum period. Factors that are associated with fathers impact mothers' experiences during the postpartum period and indirectly influence mother-infant interactions. It is therefore essential for mental health professionals to develop programs and treatments to address each family member.

Maternal Depression, Negative Parenting Practices, and Child Oppositional-Aggression

Author : Erin Mathis
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (959 download)

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Book Synopsis Maternal Depression, Negative Parenting Practices, and Child Oppositional-Aggression by : Erin Mathis

Download or read book Maternal Depression, Negative Parenting Practices, and Child Oppositional-Aggression written by Erin Mathis and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maternal depression is elevated in adverse family contexts, particularly when children exhibit challenging oppositional and aggressive behaviors, perhaps because depressive symptoms can undermine effective parenting and increase harsh and critical parental responding. However, reverse effects are rarely studied longitudinally. This study sought to better understand bidirectional child and parenting influences on maternal depression, using rigorous longitudinal methods. Participants were children and their mothers from the normative sample of the Fast Track Project (n = 388). Data was collected annually over three years when children were in kindergarten, first grade, and second grade, providing three time-points used for this study. The bidirectional influences between the three constructs (maternal depression, negative parenting practices, and child oppositional-aggression) were tested with a three-level cross-lagged path model exploring bi-directional influences among the constructs over three time points. A cross-lagged path model and bootstrapping procedure was used, to determine whether parenting practices mediated the association between maternal depression (in kindergarten and first grade) and subsequent child oppositional-aggression (in first grade and second grade). Analyses were also conducted to test for invariance across gender. Consistent with prior research, maternal depression led to increases over time in negative parenting practices and child oppositional-aggression. Importantly, bidirectional effects also emerged, as negative parenting practices and child oppositional-aggression both exacerbated maternal depression over time. In addition, although some of the impact of maternal depression on child oppositional-aggression was mediated through negative parenting, maternal depression also retained a direct influence on child behavior. These findings add to the existing literature by demonstrating the complex transactions that occur in high-risk families, with child behavior and parenting experiences affecting maternal depression, as well as the reverse. Attending to the affective experiences of mothers, particularly feelings of helplessness and hopelessness, may be critical to fully characterize the developmental course of child oppositional-aggressive behaviors, and to inform the design of effective interventions.

Parenting Matters

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309388570
Total Pages : 525 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (93 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Matters by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Parenting Matters written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-11-21 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Decades of research have demonstrated that the parent-child dyad and the environment of the familyâ€"which includes all primary caregiversâ€"are at the foundation of children's well- being and healthy development. From birth, children are learning and rely on parents and the other caregivers in their lives to protect and care for them. The impact of parents may never be greater than during the earliest years of life, when a child's brain is rapidly developing and when nearly all of her or his experiences are created and shaped by parents and the family environment. Parents help children build and refine their knowledge and skills, charting a trajectory for their health and well-being during childhood and beyond. The experience of parenting also impacts parents themselves. For instance, parenting can enrich and give focus to parents' lives; generate stress or calm; and create any number of emotions, including feelings of happiness, sadness, fulfillment, and anger. Parenting of young children today takes place in the context of significant ongoing developments. These include: a rapidly growing body of science on early childhood, increases in funding for programs and services for families, changing demographics of the U.S. population, and greater diversity of family structure. Additionally, parenting is increasingly being shaped by technology and increased access to information about parenting. Parenting Matters identifies parenting knowledge, attitudes, and practices associated with positive developmental outcomes in children ages 0-8; universal/preventive and targeted strategies used in a variety of settings that have been effective with parents of young children and that support the identified knowledge, attitudes, and practices; and barriers to and facilitators for parents' use of practices that lead to healthy child outcomes as well as their participation in effective programs and services. This report makes recommendations directed at an array of stakeholders, for promoting the wide-scale adoption of effective programs and services for parents and on areas that warrant further research to inform policy and practice. It is meant to serve as a roadmap for the future of parenting policy, research, and practice in the United States.

Postpartum Depression and Child Development

Author : Lynne Murray
Publisher : Guilford Press
ISBN 13 : 9781572305175
Total Pages : 340 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (51 download)

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Book Synopsis Postpartum Depression and Child Development by : Lynne Murray

Download or read book Postpartum Depression and Child Development written by Lynne Murray and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1999-07-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One in ten women suffers from an episode of significant depression following the birth of a baby. These depressions can have a profoundly negative effect on the quality of the mother infant relationship and, in turn, on the course of child development itself. The first book in a decade to deal exclusively with the impact of postpartum depression on child development, this groundbreaking volume brings together rigorous and sophisticated research from eighteen of the leading authorities in the field.

Depression in New Mothers

Author : Kathleen Kendall-Tackett
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1317310306
Total Pages : 305 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis Depression in New Mothers by : Kathleen Kendall-Tackett

Download or read book Depression in New Mothers written by Kathleen Kendall-Tackett and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2016-09-05 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depression is the most common complication of childbirth and results in adverse health outcomes for both mother and child. It is vital, therefore, that health professionals be ready to help women who have depression, anxiety, or posttraumatic stress disorder in the perinatal period. Now in its third edition, Depression in New Mothers provides a comprehensive approach to treating postpartum depression in an easy-to-use format. It reviews the research and brings together the evidence-base for understanding the causes and for assessing the different treatment options, including those that are safe for breastfeeding mothers. It incorporates research from psychoneuroimmunology and includes chapters on: assessing depression mother-infant sleep traumatic birth experiences infant temperament, illness, and prematurity childhood abuse and partner violence psychotherapy complementary and integrative therapies community support for new mothers antidepressant medication suicide and infanticide. This most recent edition incorporates new research findings from around the world on risk factors, the use of antidepressants, the impact of breastfeeding, and complementary and integrative therapies as well as updated research into racial/ethnic minority differences. Rich with case illustrations and invaluable in treating mothers in need of help, this practical, evidence-based guide dispels the myths that hinder effective treatment and presents up-to-date information on the impact of maternal depression on the mother and their infants alike.

Maternal Depression and Children's Development

Author : Yongmin Zang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)

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Book Synopsis Maternal Depression and Children's Development by : Yongmin Zang

Download or read book Maternal Depression and Children's Development written by Yongmin Zang and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Human capital development, including both cognitive and non-cognitive skills, at early childhood can have large long-term impacts not only on individual labor market outcomes and socio-economic success but also on economic growth. Studies suggest that parents, especially mothers in single-parent and low-income families, play an important role in developing the skills of their children at different stages of childhood. However, children from disadvantaged environments face many risk factors, such as poverty, parental health problems, and limited parental education. In particular, maternal depression is an "adverse early environment" for child development and is negatively associated with the quality of parenting practices and mother-child relationship. In turn, the lower quality of parenting practices and mother-child relationship might harm children's development. This thesis examines the effect of maternal depression on pre-school children's development in terms of their cognitive abilities and behavioral problems by using longitudinal data from the Fragile Family and Child Well-being Study (FFCWS). By using a family (child-mother) fixed effects (FE) model, we provide new evidence to the literature that maternal depression imposes a big risk for child development in fragile families, which are mainly those unwed parents and their non-marital childbearing. Specifically, maternal depression tends to reduce standardized Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT) score by about 16.4 percent of a standard deviation. We also find that maternal depression has a similar adverse effect within non-marital families, but the effect gets more adverse (about 18.5 percent of a standard deviation) within non-marital families with higher poverty level. In addition, we find that maternal depression has a much larger adverse effect on girls (about 23.2 percent of a standard deviation), as well as children whose mothers have an education level of high school or above (about 24.4 percent of a standard deviation). Regarding child's behaviors, maternal depression tends to increase of the child's Anxiety/Depression problems from ages three to five. Specifically, maternal depression tends to increase the Anxiety/Depression Index, on average, by about 20.9 percent of a standard deviation. We also find that maternal depression has a much larger adverse effect (about 31.3% of a standard deviation) on children from households living below the Local Poverty Line (LPL). In addition, we find that maternal depression has a moderately large effect on Black children (about 36.4 percent of a standard deviation), as well as girls (about 30.7 percent of a standard deviation). We find no evidence that maternal depression affects contemporaneous child's Withdrawal behavior, but find weak evidence that maternal depression affects child's Aggression behavior as a whole. The findings in our study have important implications regarding public policies for dealing with the problem of maternal depression and child development within fragile families.

Sorrow's Web

Author : Anne Sheffield
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
ISBN 13 : 0743213181
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (432 download)

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Book Synopsis Sorrow's Web by : Anne Sheffield

Download or read book Sorrow's Web written by Anne Sheffield and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2001-02-21 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on her experience of growing up with a depressed mother and then, years later, of becoming a depressed mother herself, Books for a Better Life winner Anne Sheffield casts long-overdue light on the grave threat to the health and happiness of millions of women and their children posed by maternal depression. One of every four women suffers from depression at some point in her life, often during the prime childbearing years, yet most fail to recognize the true source of their lack of joy in life and in parenting, their irritability and exhaustion, and the flawed personal relationships that characterize this common, treatable disease. With honesty and empathy, Sheffield uses her own story as a springboard to alert other mothers to the dangers their unrecognized depression holds not only for themselves, but also for their children, whose risk of developing the illness is three times higher than the risk to children of non-depressed parents. She draws on extensive research by experts in psychiatry, psychology, and child development to explain why and how children with a depressed mother may lose out on a rewarding social life, perform below their academic potential, or fall victim to substance abuse. Chapters on each age-group -- infancy and toddlerhood, school age, and adolescence -- pinpoint the symptoms and effects of a mother's depression on her children and offer advice on how to recognize these effects and so lessen or avoid them. And because depression's fallout destroys family cohesion and harmony, Sheffield draws attention to its impact on marital relations and outlines a strategy for fathers that will help them and their children weather the crisis. The detailed information in Sorrow's Web about how to treat depression at any period in a mother's life -- during pregnancy or following delivery, when her children are teenagers, or later in life -- will help readers of all ages choose wisely from the range of medical and psychotherapeutic options available. Sheffield offers insider tips on how to tell the difference between good and poor practitioners, how to ensure that the illness does not return, and how to recognize and respond to warning signs of depression in vulnerable children. Dedicated to the author's daughter, Sorrow's Web seamlessly weaves together real-life stories with street-smart advice. As the first book to demystify, destigmatize, and humanize a long- taboo subject, it points the way to sustaining and regaining a loving relationship between mother and child.

ASQ-3 User's Guide

Author : Jane Squires
Publisher : Brookes Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9781598570045
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis ASQ-3 User's Guide by : Jane Squires

Download or read book ASQ-3 User's Guide written by Jane Squires and published by Brookes Publishing Company. This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide provides step-by-step guidance on administering and scoring the questionnaires, setting up a screening system, working with families effectively, and using ASQ-3(TM) across a range of settings.

Parenting Stress

Author : Kirby Deater-Deckard
Publisher : Yale University Press
ISBN 13 : 0300133936
Total Pages : 220 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Parenting Stress by : Kirby Deater-Deckard

Download or read book Parenting Stress written by Kirby Deater-Deckard and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2008-10-01 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All parents experience stress as they attempt to meet the challenges of caring for their children. This comprehensive book examines the causes and consequences of parenting distress, drawing on a wide array of findings in current empirical research. Kirby Deater-Deckard explores normal and pathological parenting stress, the influences of parents on their children as well as children on their parents, and the effects of biological and environmental factors. Beginning with an overview of theories of stress and coping, Deater-Deckard goes on to describe how parenting stress is linked with problems in adult and child health (emotional problems, developmental disorders, illness); parental behaviors (warmth, harsh discipline); and factors outside the family (marital quality, work roles, cultural influences). The book concludes with a useful review of coping strategies and interventions that have been demonstrated to alleviate parenting stress.

Effects of Maternal Depression and Self-efficacy on Parenting and the Role of Occuptional Therapy

Author : Debbie Yang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 60 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Maternal Depression and Self-efficacy on Parenting and the Role of Occuptional Therapy by : Debbie Yang

Download or read book Effects of Maternal Depression and Self-efficacy on Parenting and the Role of Occuptional Therapy written by Debbie Yang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a lack of research in occupational therapy literature on parenting interventions for individuals with mental illness. This systematic review explores parenting skills amongst mothers with depression and low self-efficacy, and how occupational therapy practitioners can assist this population. Maternal depression and low self-efficacy have significant effects on parenting skills and negatively impact children in many ways. Several parenting programs have been found to significantly impact the effects of depression in mothers and on families, as well as improve parental self-efficacy. Occupational therapy practitioners are qualified to address the mental health population and have successfully developed interventions to address mental health issues, including depression. Parenting is a valuable life role for many clients that occupational therapy practitioners can address within the occupational therapy scope of practice. Further research on effective parenting programs is encouraged to address parenting issues within the mental health community.

Maternal Depression and Parenting as Moderators and Mediators of Links from Neighborhood Disadvantage to Offspring Depression

Author : Natalie A. Sheeks
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 45 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (119 download)

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Book Synopsis Maternal Depression and Parenting as Moderators and Mediators of Links from Neighborhood Disadvantage to Offspring Depression by : Natalie A. Sheeks

Download or read book Maternal Depression and Parenting as Moderators and Mediators of Links from Neighborhood Disadvantage to Offspring Depression written by Natalie A. Sheeks and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Depression occurs at striking rates among youth populations (Costello, Erkanli, & Angold, 2006). Increases in adolescent suicide rates and antidepressant prescriptions have led to public perceptions of an offspring depression "epidemic" (Costello et al., 2006). Existing research demonstrates that neighborhood disadvantage (ND; Hill & Maimon, 2013), maternal depression (Shih & Brennan, 2004), and deficits in parenting are independently linked to elevated levels of depression in children (Radziszewska, Richardson, Dent, & Flay, 1966). However, our understanding of the interdependency among these risk factors is incomplete. The current study assessed quality of parenting according to four major domains: Autonomy, Disharmony, Intimacy, and Joint Activities (Hart, Atkins, & Ford, 1999). Using PROCESS (Hayes, 2013), I examined data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth Child and Young Adult cohort (CNLSY) to determine: (1) if maternal depression and parenting factors moderate the relationship between ND and offspring depression; and, (2) if maternal depression and parenting factors mediate the relationship between ND and offspring depression. The results of the moderation analyses did not find that maternal depression and parenting deficits moderate the relationship between ND and offspring depression, although a significant negative main effect was found for parental intimacy. The results for mediation analyses provided evidence for serial mediation via maternal depression and parental intimacy, but not for pathways involving other parenting dimensions. This finding suggests that exposure to adverse neighborhood conditions may contribute to risk for offspring depression by elevating risk for maternal depression, which may diminish a mother0́9s ability to foster a close, affectionate relationship with her child.The findings of this study contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of children at risk of developing depression and suggest possible avenues for intervention. Limitations of the current study as well as implications for neighborhood- and individual- level interventions are discussed.

Effects of Maternal Depression on Locus of Control, Perceptions of Infant Temperament, and Mother-infant Interactions

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 98 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (323 download)

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Book Synopsis Effects of Maternal Depression on Locus of Control, Perceptions of Infant Temperament, and Mother-infant Interactions by :

Download or read book Effects of Maternal Depression on Locus of Control, Perceptions of Infant Temperament, and Mother-infant Interactions written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Does Maternal Psychopathology Affect Child Clinical Assessment?

Author : Terry Chih-Hsiang Chi
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Does Maternal Psychopathology Affect Child Clinical Assessment? by : Terry Chih-Hsiang Chi

Download or read book Does Maternal Psychopathology Affect Child Clinical Assessment? written by Terry Chih-Hsiang Chi and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The current study examined the specific predictions of the Depression->Distortion theory with 579 children diagnosed with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their parents, who were participants in a randomized clinical trial for children with ADHD. The study focused on the role of general maternal psychopathology and clinical depression in mothers' biased and exaggerated reporting of child behavior problem. A secondary aim examined if any maternal biases mediated the relationship between maternal depression and negative parent-child relationships. Baseline data on demographics, child and maternal psychopathology, maternal stress, childrearing practices, and laboratory observations of parent-child interactions were collected and analyzed. Results showed that: (1) Both general maternal psychopathology and depression were associated with elevated maternal ratings of child behavior problems that were not corroborated by other informants. (2) Most of these effects held after accounting for child demographic variables and observations of child behavior problems. (3) Maternal depression was a unique predictor of maternal biases in ratings of child internalizing problems after accounting for child demographics, child behavior problems, maternal anxiety, maternal stress, and general maternal psychopathology. (4) Maternal depressive biases did not mediate the relationship between maternal depression and parent-child relationships. Discussion focused on the study's implications for clinical assessment of children, the role of maternal stress, conceptualization of clinical depression, and development trajectory of children with a depressed parent.

Maternal History of Early Adversity and Child Emotional Development

Author : Andrée-Anne Bouvette-Turcot
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis Maternal History of Early Adversity and Child Emotional Development by : Andrée-Anne Bouvette-Turcot

Download or read book Maternal History of Early Adversity and Child Emotional Development written by Andrée-Anne Bouvette-Turcot and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main goal of this dissertation was to document more extensively the circumstances under which intergenerational risk transmission of maternal adversity occurs and to identify underlying processes. The dissertation is comprised of four empirical articles. The first article examined the relation between maternal history of early adversity, mother-child attachment security, and child temperament. Mothers completed a semi-structured interview pertaining to their childhood attachment experiences with their parents at 6 months and rated their children's temperament at 2 years. Mother-child attachment was also assessed at 2 years. Results showed that children whose mothers received higher scores of early life adversity displayed poorer temperamental activity level outcomes but only when they also showed high concomitant levels of attachment security, suggesting intergenerational effects of maternal early life experiences on child temperament. The second article examined the intergenerational effects of maternal childhood adversity on child temperament targeting the serotonin transporter polymorphism, 5-HTTLPR, as a potential moderator of those maternal influences. Maternal history of early adversity was assessed with an integrated measure derived from two self-report questionnaires. Mothers also rated their children's temperament at 18 and 36 months. Child genotyping was performed at 36 months. Results yielded a significant interaction effect of maternal childhood adversity and child 5-HTTLPR genotype on child temperament, suggesting intergenerational effects of maternal history of adversity on child emotional function. The third article investigated the interactive effects of maternal psychosocial maladjustment and maternal sensitivity on child internalizing symptoms. Families took part in four assessments between ages 1 and 3 years. Mothers completed several questionnaires from which a composite score of maternal psychosocial maladjustment was derived. Maternal sensitivity was rated by an observer at 12 months. Child internalizing symptoms were assessed by both parents at 2 and 3 years. Results revealed that increased maternal psychosocial maladjustment was related to more internalizing symptoms in children, however only among children of less sensitive mothers whereas children of more sensitive mothers appeared to be protected. This was observed with maternal reports at 2 years, and both maternal and paternal reports at 3 years. These results suggest that young children may be differentially affected by their parents' emotional adjustment, while highlighting the pivotal protective role of maternal sensitivity in this process. Finally, the fourth article examined the mediating roles of maternal depression and maternal sensitivity in the relation between maternal history of early adversity and child temperament. Maternal history of early adversity was assessed with an integrated measure derived from two self-report questionnaires. Mothers also reported on their depression symptoms at 6 months. Maternal sensitivity was rated concurrently. Mothers also completed a questionnaire on their children's temperament at 36 months. Results suggested the intergenerational transmission of the effects of maternal childhood adversity to offspring occurs through a two-step, serial pathway, specifically through maternal depression, first, and, then, to maternal sensitivity. Finally, the results of the four articles were integrated into a general conclusion.

The Relation Between Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Parent-Teacher Reporting Discrepancy

Author : Sarah Boland
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 80 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (98 download)

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Book Synopsis The Relation Between Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Parent-Teacher Reporting Discrepancy by : Sarah Boland

Download or read book The Relation Between Maternal Depressive Symptoms and Parent-Teacher Reporting Discrepancy written by Sarah Boland and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discrepancy among informant reporting can have significant implications on intervention and diagnostic/clinical decisions. The nature in which parental behaviors and family dynamics may impact the relation between maternal depression and informant discrepancies in reporting child behavior and temperament has not yet been investigated. Using an archival dataset, participants included 50 female caregivers who had children (ages 3 to 6 years) attending a Head Start preschool and 51 female caregivers who had children in the same age range attending a non-Head Start preschool. Both mothers and teachers completed measures assessing the variables of interest. First, it was expected that the Head Start group would have higher levels of maternal depression, home chaos, negative parenting behaviors, child internalizing symptoms, child externalizing symptoms, and negative affectivity as well as lower positive parenting behaviors, surgency, and effortful control based on both parent and teacher report. Additionally, it was expected that maternal depressive symptoms would positively relate to parent-teacher discrepancy on internalizing symptoms, externalizing symptoms, and negative affectivity, whereas it would negatively relate to parent-teacher discrepancy on surgency and effortful control. It was expected that positive parenting behaviors would attenuate the relation between depressive symptoms and discrepancy, whereas home chaos and negative parenting behaviors would exacerbate that relation. To address the existing literature's mixed findings on the role of SES in over-reporting biases, the present study examined type of preschool (Head Start vs. non-Head Start) as a moderator of the relation between maternal depressive symptoms and discrepancy. Results yielded several significant correlations among variables of interest. Maternal depressive symptoms significantly predicted only internalizing discrepancy, which additionally held when accounting individually for home chaos, negative parenting, positive parenting, and preschool type. Depressive symptoms also marginally related to externalizing discrepancy at the zero-order level. Positive parenting positively correlated with externalizing discrepancy and effortful control discrepancy. Among explored moderators of the relation between depressive symptoms and discrepancy, only the interaction between preschool type and depressive symptoms marginally predicted effortful control discrepancy. Though the selected variables neither attenuated nor strengthened the relation between depressive symptoms and parent-teacher discrepancy, the current findings warrant several areas for future directions.