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The Effects Of Convection In Geostrophic Circulation
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Book Synopsis Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society by : Royal Meteorological Society (Great Britain)
Download or read book Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society written by Royal Meteorological Society (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vols. 10-11 include Meteorology of England by James Glaisher as separately paged section at end.
Book Synopsis The Effects of Convection in Geostrophic Circulation by : Catherine Vreugdenhil
Download or read book The Effects of Convection in Geostrophic Circulation written by Catherine Vreugdenhil and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ocean circulation plays an important role in global climate through the transport of heat and CO2. Surface fluxes of buoyancy and momentum act as primary energy inputs to the circulation, however the surface buoyancy contribution and the effects of vertical convection are not well understood. We examine flow driven by a buoyancy difference applied at a horizontal surface in a closed rotating basin: this is rotating horizontal convection. We use laboratory experiments, direct numerical simulations and scaling analyses to examine the effect of buoyancy and rotation on the mechanical energy budget and dynamical regimes. In one of these regimes the large-scale circulation is coupled to deep 'chimney' convection. The direct numerical simulations solve for flow in a rectangular box with a higher temperature applied over half of the base and a lower temperature over the other half, and a uniform Coriolis parameter. The emphasis is on circulation with a turbulent thermal boundary layer and small-scale convection while having a fully-resolved energy budget. The buoyancy forcing and Coriolis parameter are varied to examine the two primary sinks of mechanical energy: irreversible mixing (potential energy sink) and viscous dissipation (kinetic energy sink). Turbulent mixing and heat transport are reduced by rotation, while viscous dissipation is independent of rotation rate. The reduction of heat transport is consistent with existing geostrophic boundary layer scaling, and is inherently linked to the total amount of mixing. Even in the presence of strong rotation, energy from surface buoyancy forcing mostly goes to mixing. For a buoyancy-driven circulation in a basin comparable to the North Atlantic we estimate that mixing is a sink for over 95% of the mechanical energy supply, implying that buoyancy is an efficient driver of ocean circulation. The laboratory experiments closely resemble the simulations, but have an imposed heat flux over the heated region. The experiments further demonstrate the transition from non-rotating horizontal convection to circulation governed by geostrophic boundary layer flow. The flow is well described by a convective Rossby number, which compares the strength of horizontal convective to Coriolis accelerations in the boundary layer. For more rapid rotation the momentum budget is dominated by fluctuating vertical accelerations in a 'chimney' region of vertical plumes. Chimney convection limits the geostrophic inhibition of basin-scale circulation, halting the increase of temperature difference across the basin (or decrease of Nusselt number) with decreasing Rossby number. The North Atlantic Ocean is estimated to lie in the regime controlled by chimney convection, which is evidence for deep convection being an important limit on heat transport. The experiments and simulations show that buoyancy forcing produces basin-scale gyres and boundary currents, features of mid-latitude ocean circulation often attributed to wind stress. The simulations are used to examine the contribution of boundary currents and various other flow structures to the heat transport. At the Rayleigh numbers achievable, the turbulent viscous dissipation and irreversible mixing are primarily constrained to the thermal boundary layer. These results can be extrapolated to show the distribution of heat transport and energy dissipation in a buoyancy-driven ocean.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Treatise on Geophysics written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-04-17 with total page 5604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Treatise on Geophysics, Second Edition, is a comprehensive and in-depth study of the physics of the Earth beyond what any geophysics text has provided previously. Thoroughly revised and updated, it provides fundamental and state-of-the-art discussion of all aspects of geophysics. A highlight of the second edition is a new volume on Near Surface Geophysics that discusses the role of geophysics in the exploitation and conservation of natural resources and the assessment of degradation of natural systems by pollution. Additional features include new material in the Planets and Moon, Mantle Dynamics, Core Dynamics, Crustal and Lithosphere Dynamics, Evolution of the Earth, and Geodesy volumes. New material is also presented on the uses of Earth gravity measurements. This title is essential for professionals, researchers, professors, and advanced undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of Geophysics and Earth system science. Comprehensive and detailed coverage of all aspects of geophysics Fundamental and state-of-the-art discussions of all research topics Integration of topics into a coherent whole
Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Intense Line Convection on a Strongly Sheared Polar Jet Streak by : Bart Joseph Wolf
Download or read book The Effects of Intense Line Convection on a Strongly Sheared Polar Jet Streak written by Bart Joseph Wolf and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Climate Science for Serving Society by : Ghassem R. Asrar
Download or read book Climate Science for Serving Society written by Ghassem R. Asrar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-18 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a comprehensive survey and a close analysis of efforts to develop actionable climate information in support of vital decisions for climate adaptation, risk management and policy. Arising from submissions and discussion at the 2011 Open Science Conference (OSC) of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP), the book addresses research and intellectual challenges which span the full range of Program activities.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Physical Oceanography by : John A. Knauss
Download or read book Introduction to Physical Oceanography written by John A. Knauss and published by Waveland Press. This book was released on 2016-12-02 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, previous editions of John Knauss’s seminal work have struck a balance between purely descriptive texts and mathematically rigorous ones, giving a wide range of marine scientists access to the fundamental principles of physical oceanography. Newell Garfield continues this tradition, delivering valuable updates that highlight the book’s resourceful presentation and concise effectiveness. The authors include historical and current research, along with a 12-page color insert, to illuminate their perspective that the world ocean is tumultuous and continually helps to shape global environmental processes. The Third Edition builds a solid foundation that readers will find straightforward and lucid. It presents valuable insight into our understanding of the world ocean by: • Encompassing essential oceanic processes such as the transfer of heat across the ocean surface, the distribution of temperature and salinity, and the effect of the earth’s rotation on the ocean. • Providing sensible and well-defined explanations of the roles played by a stratified ocean, global balances, and equations of motion. • Discussing cogent topics such as major currents, tides, waves, coastal oceans, semienclosed seas, and sound and optics.
Book Synopsis Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics by : Geoffrey K. Vallis
Download or read book Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics written by Geoffrey K. Vallis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-06 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluid dynamics is fundamental to our understanding of the atmosphere and oceans. Although many of the same principles of fluid dynamics apply to both the atmosphere and oceans, textbooks tend to concentrate on the atmosphere, the ocean, or the theory of geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD). This textbook provides a comprehensive unified treatment of atmospheric and oceanic fluid dynamics. The book introduces the fundamentals of geophysical fluid dynamics, including rotation and stratification, vorticity and potential vorticity, and scaling and approximations. It discusses baroclinic and barotropic instabilities, wave-mean flow interactions and turbulence, and the general circulation of the atmosphere and ocean. Student problems and exercises are included at the end of each chapter. Atmospheric and Oceanic Fluid Dynamics: Fundamentals and Large-Scale Circulation will be an invaluable graduate textbook on advanced courses in GFD, meteorology, atmospheric science and oceanography, and an excellent review volume for researchers. Additional resources are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521849692.
Book Synopsis Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences by : Wade H. Shafer
Download or read book Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences written by Wade H. Shafer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-11 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences was first conceived, published, and dis seminated by the Center for Information and Numerical Data Analysis and Synthesis, (CINDAS) *at Purdue University in 1957, starting its coverage of theses with the academic year 1955. Beginning with Volume 13, the printing and dissemination phases of the ac tivity was transferred to University Microfilms/Xerox of Ann Arbor, Michigan, with the thought that such an arrangement would be more beneficial to the academic and general scientific and technical community. After five years of this joint undertaking we had concluded that it was in the interest of all concerned if the printing and distribution of the volume were handled by an international publishing house to assure improved service and broader dissemination. Hence, starting with Volume 18, Masters Theses in the Pure and Applied Sciences has been disseminated on a worldwide basis by Plenum Publishing Corporation of New York, and in the same year the coverage was broadened to include Canadian universities. All back issues can also be ordered from Plenum. We have reported in Volume 19 (thesis year 1974) a total of 10,045 theses titles from 20 Canadian and 209 United States universities. We are sure that this broader base for theses titles reported will greatly enhance the value of this important annual reference work. The organization of Volume 19 is identical to that of past years. It consists of theses titles arranged by discipline and by university within each discipline.
Download or read book Ocean Circulation and Climate written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 893 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book represents all the knowledge we currently have on ocean circulation. It presents an up-to-date summary of the state of the science relating to the role of the oceans in the physical climate system. The book is structured to guide the reader through the wide range of world ocean circulation experiment (WOCE) science in a consistent way. Cross-references between contributors have been added, and the book has a comprehensive index and unified reference list. The book is simple to read, at the undergraduate level. It was written by the best scientists in the world who have collaborated to carry out years of experiments to better understand ocean circulation. - Presents in situ and remote observations with worldwide coverage - Provides theoretical understanding of processes within the ocean and at its boundaries to other Earth System components - Allows for simulating ocean and climate processes in the past, present and future using a hierarchy of physical-biogeochemical models
Book Synopsis Rotating Thermal Flows in Natural and Industrial Processes by : Marcello Lappa
Download or read book Rotating Thermal Flows in Natural and Industrial Processes written by Marcello Lappa and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-07-25 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rotating Thermal Flows in Natural and Industrial Processes provides the reader with a systematic description of the different types of thermal convection and flow instabilities in rotating systems, as present in materials, crystal growth, thermal engineering, meteorology, oceanography, geophysics and astrophysics. It expressly shows how the isomorphism between small and large scale phenomena becomes beneficial to the definition and ensuing development of an integrated comprehensive framework. This allows the reader to understand and assimilate the underlying, quintessential mechanisms without requiring familiarity with specific literature on the subject. Topics treated in the first part of the book include: Thermogravitational convection in rotating fluids (from laminar to turbulent states); Stably stratified and unstratified shear flows; Barotropic and baroclinic instabilities; Rossby waves and Centrifugally-driven convection; Potential Vorticity, Quasi-Geostrophic Theory and related theorems; The dynamics of interacting vortices, interacting waves and mixed (hybrid) vortex-wave states; Geostrophic Turbulence and planetary patterns. The second part is entirely devoted to phenomena of practical interest, i.e. subjects relevant to the realms of industry and technology, among them: Surface-tension-driven convection in rotating fluids; Differential-rotation-driven (forced) flows; Crystal Growth from the melt of oxide or semiconductor materials; Directional solidification; Rotating Machinery; Flow control by Rotating magnetic fields; Angular Vibrations and Rocking motions; Covering a truly prodigious range of scales, from atmospheric and oceanic processes and fluid motion in "other solar-system bodies", to convection in its myriad manifestations in a variety of applications of technological relevance, this unifying text is an ideal reference for physicists and engineers, as well as an important resource for advanced students taking courses on the physics of fluids, fluid mechanics, thermal, mechanical and materials engineering, environmental phenomena, meteorology and geophysics.
Download or read book Climatology written by Robert V. Rohli and published by Jones & Bartlett Publishers. This book was released on 2011-01-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ideal for the upper-level undergraduate or introductory-level graduate courses, the second edition presents students with a thorough foundation on the climactic system. The authors begin with an overview of climatology basics, including a discussion on climatology versus meteorology and an introduction to the atmosphere. They then introduce more advanced concepts, such as microscale transfer of energy, matter, and momentum; the global water balance; global atmospheric circulation; climatic classification with special emphasis on the regional differences within the same climate types; and much more.
Book Synopsis Ocean Circulation by : Open Open University
Download or read book Ocean Circulation written by Open Open University and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2001-09-17 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition retains the general structure of the first edition, buthas been updated in the light of recent oceanographic research, and improvedas a teaching text on the basis of feedback from past students and otherreaders.Notable additions include new sections addressing the topic ofnumerical modelling, and more discussion of natural oscillations in theocean-atmosphere system (previously confined to the El Niño phenomenon). Inparticular, the Chapter on the North Atlantic now includes a discussion ofthe North Atlantic Oscillation, as well as of the Great Salinity Anomaly. Inthe final Chapter, treatment of water mass formation has been updated toreflect recent ideas about the processes involved and how they relate toclimatic change over different time-scales, from decades to millennia.High quality full colour diagramsSubstantial chapter summaries ideal for revisionAnswers, hints and notes for questions at back of the book
Book Synopsis Annual Research Briefs ... by : Center for Turbulence Research (U.S.)
Download or read book Annual Research Briefs ... written by Center for Turbulence Research (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lake Michigan, a Bibliography by : Water Resources Scientific Information Center
Download or read book Lake Michigan, a Bibliography written by Water Resources Scientific Information Center and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lectures on Solar and Planetary Dynamos by : M. R. E. Proctor
Download or read book Lectures on Solar and Planetary Dynamos written by M. R. E. Proctor and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-12-08 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprised of lectures for an intensive course held at the Newton Institute in Cambridge, as part of a NATO Advanced Study Institute, the topics covered within this volume include planetary and solar dynamos, fast dynamos, and the use of symmetry principles to derive evolution equations.
