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Author : Sharon M Abel
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 20 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (935 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Integrated Hearing Protection Surround Levels on Sound Localization written by Sharon M Abel and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 15 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (742 download)
Download or read book The Impact of Hearing Protection on Sound Localization and Orienting Behavior written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of hearing protection devices (HPDs) on sound localization was examined in the context of an auditory- cued visual search task. Participants were required to locate and identify a visual target in a field of 5, 20, or 50 visual distractors randomly distributed on the interior surface of a sphere. Four HPD conditions were examined: earplugs, earmuffs, both earplugs and earmuffs simultaneously, and no hearing protection. There was also a control condition in which no auditory cue was provided. A repeated measures analysis of variance revealed significant main effects of HPD for both search time and head motion data, indicating that the degree to which localization is disrupted by HPDs varies with the type of device worn. When both earplugs and earmuffs are worn simultaneously, search times and head motion are more similar to those found when no auditory cue is provided than when either earplugs or earmuffs alone are worn, suggesting that sound localization cues are so severely disrupted by double hearing protection that the listener can recover little or no information regarding the direction of sound source origin. Potential applications of this research include high-noise military, aerospace, and industrial settings in which HPDs are necessary but wearing double protection may compromise safety and/or performance.
Download or read book INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM on the USE of CYBERNETICS on the RAILWAYS. PROCEEDINGS. written by and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : John Durkin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Effect of Electronic Hearing Protectors on Speech Intelligibility written by John Durkin and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : National Academy of Engineering
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309156327
Total Pages : 210 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Technology for a Quieter America written by National Academy of Engineering and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-30 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure to noise at home, at work, while traveling, and during leisure activities is a fact of life for all Americans. At times noise can be loud enough to damage hearing, and at lower levels it can disrupt normal living, affect sleep patterns, affect our ability to concentrate at work, interfere with outdoor recreational activities, and, in some cases, interfere with communications and even cause accidents. Clearly, exposure to excessive noise can affect our quality of life. As the population of the United States and, indeed, the world increases and developing countries become more industrialized, problems of noise are likely to become more pervasive and lower the quality of life for everyone. Efforts to manage noise exposures, to design quieter buildings, products, equipment, and transportation vehicles, and to provide a regulatory environment that facilitates adequate, cost-effective, sustainable noise controls require our immediate attention. Technology for a Quieter America looks at the most commonly identified sources of noise, how they are characterized, and efforts that have been made to reduce noise emissions and experiences. The book also reviews the standards and regulations that govern noise levels and the federal, state, and local agencies that regulate noise for the benefit, safety, and wellness of society at large. In addition, it presents the cost-benefit trade-offs between efforts to mitigate noise and the improvements they achieve, information sources available to the public on the dimensions of noise problems and their mitigation, and the need to educate professionals who can deal with these issues. Noise emissions are an issue in industry, in communities, in buildings, and during leisure activities. As such, Technology for a Quieter America will appeal to a wide range of stakeholders: the engineering community; the public; government at the federal, state, and local levels; private industry; labor unions; and nonprofit organizations. Implementation of the recommendations in Technology for a Quieter America will result in reduction of the noise levels to which Americans are exposed and will improve the ability of American industry to compete in world markets paying increasing attention to the noise emissions of products.
Author : Graeme Russell
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (271 download)
Download or read book EFFECTS OF EARMUFFS AND EARPLUGS ON HORIZONTAL PLANE SOUND LOCALIZATION written by Graeme Russell and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Pawel Strumillo
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 9533072245
Total Pages : 608 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (33 download)
Download or read book Advances in Sound Localization written by Pawel Strumillo and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2011-04-11 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound source localization is an important research field that has attracted researchers' efforts from many technical and biomedical sciences. Sound source localization (SSL) is defined as the determination of the direction from a receiver, but also includes the distance from it. Because of the wave nature of sound propagation, phenomena such as refraction, diffraction, diffusion, reflection, reverberation and interference occur. The wide spectrum of sound frequencies that range from infrasounds through acoustic sounds to ultrasounds, also introduces difficulties, as different spectrum components have different penetration properties through the medium. Consequently, SSL is a complex computation problem and development of robust sound localization techniques calls for different approaches, including multisensor schemes, null-steering beamforming and time-difference arrival techniques. The book offers a rich source of valuable material on advances on SSL techniques and their applications that should appeal to researches representing diverse engineering and scientific disciplines.
Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309099498
Total Pages : 339 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)
Download or read book Noise and Military Service written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2006-01-20 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Institute of Medicine carried out a study mandated by Congress and sponsored by the Department of Veterans Affairs to provide an assessment of several issues related to noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus associated with service in the Armed Forces since World War II. The resulting book, Noise and Military Service: Implications for Hearing Loss and Tinnitus, presents findings on the presence of hazardous noise in military settings, levels of noise exposure necessary to cause hearing loss or tinnitus, risk factors for noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus, the timing of the effects of noise exposure on hearing, and the adequacy of military hearing conservation programs and audiometric testing. The book stresses the importance of conducting hearing tests (audiograms) at the beginning and end of military service for all military personnel and recommends several steps aimed at improving the military services' prevention of and surveillance for hearing loss and tinnitus. The book also identifies research needs, emphasizing topics specifically related to military service.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)
Download or read book A Microphone-Array-Based System for Restoring Sound Localization with Occluded Ears written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Lee-Jean Lin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 140 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (825 download)
Download or read book Auditory Localization Under Conditions of High Ambient Noise Levels with and Without the Use of Hearing Protectors written by Lee-Jean Lin and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Julie A. Norin
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 110 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (941 download)
Download or read book The Effect of Level-dependent Hearing Protection Devices on Speech Communication in Low-level Noise written by Julie A. Norin and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effect of two different level-dependent earplugs (Combat Arms Earplugs; Sonic II Ear Valves) on speech recognition ability of 18 subjects in the presence of low-level background noise was evaluated in several listening conditions. The Combat Arms Earplug represented devices that attenuate impulse noise via small orifices and the Sonic II Ear Valve represented devices using an internal diaphragm. Four scrambled lists of the Northwestern University No. 6 word lists 1-4 were presented simultaneously with background noise, using three ear conditions: Open ear (NP), CA (Combat Arms earplugs), and SO (Sonic II earplugs); three signal-to-noise ratios (SNR): -10, 0, and +10, and two types of noise: multi-talker and military vehicle. The percentage correct scored was used to determine differences between devices, background noise, and SNR. Attenuation differences between devices were also investigated. Data analyses indicate a significant effect for SNR, but not for type of noise or ear condition.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (159 download)
Download or read book Siedlungswasserwirtschaft in der Schweiz written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christopher Montagne
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 28 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (929 download)
Download or read book Investigating Compensatory Mechanisms for Sound Localization written by Christopher Montagne and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sound localization can be difficult in a reverberant environment. Fortunately listeners can utilize various perceptual compensatory mechanisms to increase the reliability of sound localization when provided with ambiguous physical evidence. For example, the directional information of echoes can be perceptually suppressed by the direct sound to achieve a single, fused auditory event in a process called the precedence effect (Litovsky et al., 1999). Visual cues also influence sound localization through a phenomenon known as the ventriloquist effect. It is classically demonstrated by a puppeteer who speaks without visible lip movements while moving the mouth of a puppet synchronously with his/her speech (Gelder and Bertelson, 2003). If the ventriloquist is successful, sound will be "captured" by vision and be perceived to be originating at the location of the puppet. This thesis investigates the influence of vision on the spatial localization of audio-visual stimuli. Participants seated in a sound-attenuated room indicated their perceived locations of either ISI or level-difference stimuli in free field conditions. Two types of stereophonic phantom sound sources, created by modulating the inter-stimulus time interval (ISI) or level difference between two loudspeakers, were used as auditory stimuli. The results showed that the light cues influenced auditory spatial perception to a greater extent for the ISI stimuli than the level difference stimuli. A binaural signal analysis further revealed that the greater visual bias for the ISI phantom sound sources was correlated with the increasingly ambiguous binaural cues of the ISI signals. This finding suggests that when sound localization cues are unreliable, perceptual decisions become increasingly biased towards vision for finding a sound source. These results support the cue saliency theory underlying cross-modal bias and extend this theory to include stereophonic phantom sound sources.
Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1961-05 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Author : Jan Schnupp
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262518023
Total Pages : 367 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (625 download)
Download or read book Auditory Neuroscience written by Jan Schnupp and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2012-08-17 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An integrated overview of hearing and the interplay of physical, biological, and psychological processes underlying it. Every time we listen—to speech, to music, to footsteps approaching or retreating—our auditory perception is the result of a long chain of diverse and intricate processes that unfold within the source of the sound itself, in the air, in our ears, and, most of all, in our brains. Hearing is an "everyday miracle" that, despite its staggering complexity, seems effortless. This book offers an integrated account of hearing in terms of the neural processes that take place in different parts of the auditory system. Because hearing results from the interplay of so many physical, biological, and psychological processes, the book pulls together the different aspects of hearing—including acoustics, the mathematics of signal processing, the physiology of the ear and central auditory pathways, psychoacoustics, speech, and music—into a coherent whole.
Author : Department of Health and Human Services
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
ISBN 13 : 9781496001597
Total Pages : 122 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Occupational Noise Exposure written by Department of Health and Human Services and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2014-02-19 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970, Congress declared that its purpose was to assure, so far as possible, safe and healthful working conditions for every working man and woman and to preserve our human resources. In this Act, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is charged with recommending occupational safety and health standards and describing exposure concentrations that are safe for various periods of employment-including but not limited to concentrations at which no worker will suffer diminished health, functional capacity, or life expectancy as a result of his or her work experience. By means of criteria documents, NIOSH communicates these recommended standards to regulatory agencies (including the Occupational Safety and Health Administration [OSHA]) and to others in the occupational safety and health community. Criteria documents provide the scientific basis for new occupational safety and health standards. These documents generally contain a critical review of the scientific and technical information available on the prevalence of hazards, the existence of safety and health risks, and the adequacy of control methods. In addition to transmitting these documents to the Department of Labor, NIOSH also distributes them to health professionals in academic institutions, industry, organized labor, public interest groups, and other government agencies. In 1972, NIOSH published Criteria for a Recommended Standard: Occupational Exposure to Noise, which provided the basis for a recommended standard to reduce the risk of developing permanent hearing loss as a result of occupational noise exposure [NIOSH 1972]. NIOSH has now evaluated the latest scientific information and has revised some of its previous recommendations. The 1998 recommendations go beyond attempting to conserve hearing by focusing on preventing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL). This criteria document reevaluates and reaffirms the recommended exposure limit (REL) for occupational noise exposure established by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) in 1972. The REL is 85 decibels, A-weighted, as an 8-hr time-weighted average (85 dBA as an 8-hr TWA). Exposures at or above this level are hazardous. By incorporating the 4000-Hz audiometric frequency into the definition of hearing impairment in the risk assessment, NIOSH has found an 8% excess risk of developing occupational noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) during a 40-year lifetime exposure at the 85-dBA REL. NIOSH has also found that scientific evidence supports the use of a 3-dB exchange rate for the calculation of TWA exposures to noise. The recommendations in this document go beyond attempts to conserve hearing by focusing on prevention of occupational NIHL. For workers whose noise exposures equal or exceed 85 dBA, NIOSH recommends a hearing loss prevention program (HLPP) that includes exposure assessment, engineering and administrative controls, proper use of hearing protectors, audiometric evaluation, education and motivation, recordkeeping, and program audits and evaluations. Audiometric evaluation is an important component of an HLPP. To provide early identification of workers with increasing hearing loss, NIOSH has revised the criterion for significant threshold shift to an increase of 15 dB in the hearing threshold level (HTL) at 500, 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, or 6000 Hz in either ear, as determined by two consecutive tests. To permit timely intervention and prevent further hearing losses in workers whose HTLs have increased because of occupational noise exposure, NIOSH no longer recommends age correction on individual audiograms.
Author : Acoustical Society of America
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1636 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)
Download or read book The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America written by Acoustical Society of America and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
