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The Effect Of Genetic Polymorphisms In Activating Nk Cell Receptors On The Susceptibility To Disease
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms in Activating NK Cell Receptors on the Susceptibility to Disease by : Rachel Thomas
Download or read book The Effect of Genetic Polymorphisms in Activating NK Cell Receptors on the Susceptibility to Disease written by Rachel Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Tailoring NK Cell Receptor-Ligand Interactions: an Art in Evolution, 2nd Edition by : Ulrike Koehl
Download or read book Tailoring NK Cell Receptor-Ligand Interactions: an Art in Evolution, 2nd Edition written by Ulrike Koehl and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-11-13 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognition and killing of aberrant, infected or tumor targets by Natural Killer (NK) cells is mediated by positive signals transduced by activating receptors upon engagement of ligands on target surface. These stimulatory pathways are counterbalanced by inhibitory receptors that raise NK cell activation threshold through negative antagonist signals. While regulatory effects are necessary for physiologic control of autoimmune aggression, they may restrain the ability of NK cells to activate against disease. Overcoming this barrier to immune surveillance, multiple approaches to enhance NK-mediated responses are being investigated since two decades. Propelled by considerable advances in the understanding of NK cell biology, these studies are critical for effective translation of NK-based immunotherapy principles into the clinic. In humans, dominant inhibitory signals are transduced by Killer Immunoglobulin Like Receptors (KIR) recognizing cognate HLA class I on target cells. Conversely, KIR recognition of “missing self-HLA” - due to HLA loss or HLA/ KIR mismatch - triggers NK-mediated tumor rejection. Initially observed in murine transplant models, these antitumor effects were later found to have important implications for the clinical outcome of haplotype-mismatched stemcell transplantation. Here, donor NK subsets protect against acute myeloid leukemia (AML) relapse through missing self recognition of donor HLA-C allele groups (C1 or C2) and/or Bw4 epitope. These studies were subsequently extended by trials investigating the antileukemia effects of adoptively transferred haplotype-mismatched NK cells in non-transplant settings. Other mechanisms have been found to induce clinically relevant NK cell alloreactivity in transplantation, e.g., post-reconstitution functional reversal of anergic NK cells. More recently, activating KIR came into the spotlight for their potential ability to directly activate donor NK cells through in vivo recognition of HLA or other ligands. Novel therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAb) may optimize NK-mediated effects. Examples include obinutuzumab (GA101), a glyco-engineered anti-CD20 mAb with increased affinity for the FcγRIIIA receptor, enhancing antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity; lirilumab (IPH2102), a first-in-class NK-specific checkpoint inhibitor, blocking the interaction between the major KIR and cognate HLA-C antigens; and elotuzumab (HuLuc63), a humanized monoclonal antibody specific for SLAMF7, whose anti-myeloma therapeutic effects are partly due to direct activation of SLAMF7-expressing NK cells. In addition to conventional antibodies, NK cell-targeted bispecific (BiKEs) and trispecific (TriKEs) killer engagers have also been developed. These proteins elicit potent effector functions by binding target ligands (e.g., CD19, CD22, CD30, CD133, HLA class II, EGFR) on one arm and NK receptors on the other. An additional innovative approach to direct NK cell activity is genetic reprogramming with chimeric antigen receptors (CAR). To date, primary NK cells and the NK92 cell line have been engineered with CAR specific for antigens expressed on multiple tumors. Encouraging preclinical results warrant further development of this approach. This Research Topic welcomes contributions addressing mechanisms of NK-mediated activation in response to disease as well as past and contemporary strategies to enhance NK mediated reactivity through control of the interactions between NK receptors and their ligands.
Book Synopsis Genetic Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases by : Richard A. Kaslow M.D.
Download or read book Genetic Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases written by Richard A. Kaslow M.D. and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-03-03 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are commonly regarded as a distinct category, with different causes and patterns than chronic or genetic disease. But in fact there are many varieties of genetic susceptibility to infection, the subject of this book, which will be divided into three sections: 1) concepts and methods, 2) genes and pathophysiologic mechanisms, and 3) infectious agents and diseases. No currently plubished text on either genetics or infectious diseases focuses on the genetic aspects of the special relationship between host and pathogen in the way envisioned for Section 1. No other work on the selected genes regulating immunity deals as systematically with the sequence variation/function relationships most pertinent to infection as planned for Section 2. And no other book gives as meaningful a picture of how these genes operate in infectious disease as Section 3 will.
Book Synopsis Janeway's Immunobiology by : Kenneth Murphy
Download or read book Janeway's Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.
Book Synopsis The KIR Gene Cluster by : Mary Carrington
Download or read book The KIR Gene Cluster written by Mary Carrington and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :728 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 (318 download)
Book Synopsis How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease by : United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General
Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Download or read book Antibody Fc written by Margaret Ackerman and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-08-06 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antibody Fc is the first single text to synthesize the literature on the mechanisms underlying the dramatic variability of antibodies to influence the immune response. The book demonstrates the importance of the Fc domain, including protective mechanisms, effector cell types, genetic data, and variability in Fc domain function. This volume is a critical single-source reference for researchers in vaccine discovery, immunologists, microbiologists, oncologists and protein engineers as well as graduate students in immunology and vaccinology. Antibodies represent the correlate of protection for numerous vaccines and are the most rapidly growing class of drugs, with applications ranging from cancer and infectious disease to autoimmunity. Researchers have long understood the variable domain of antibodies, which are responsible for antigen recognition, and can provide protection by blocking the function of their target antigen. However, recent developments in our understanding of the protection mediated by antibodies have highlighted the critical nature of the antibody constant, or Fc domain, in the biological activity of antibodies. The Fc domain allows antibodies to link the adaptive and innate immune systems, providing specificity to a wide range of innate effector cells. In addition, they provide a feedback loop to regulate the character of the immune response via interactions with B cells and antigen-presenting cells. - Clarifies the different mechanisms of IgG activity at the level of the different model systems used, including human genetic, mouse, and in vitro - Covers the role of antibodies in cancer, infectious disease, and autoimmunity and in the setting of monoclonal antibody therapy as well as naturally raised antibodies - Color illustrations enhance explanations of the immune system
Book Synopsis Malaria Control and Elimination by : Frédéric Ariey
Download or read book Malaria Control and Elimination written by Frédéric Ariey and published by Methods in Molecular Biology. This book was released on 2020-07-17 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Immunology and Evolution of Infectious Disease by : Steven A. Frank
Download or read book Immunology and Evolution of Infectious Disease written by Steven A. Frank and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2002-07-21 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Publisher Description
Book Synopsis Microbial Host-interaction by : Per Brandtzaeg
Download or read book Microbial Host-interaction written by Per Brandtzaeg and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2009 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most indigenous microbes occur in the intestinal tract, and their interactions with the host are largely unknown. Current understanding of host-microbe interactions links early microbial contact to the origin of disease, a theory that has its roots in the hygiene hypothesis. Modern life style appears to deprive the infant of conditions that provide adequate anti-inflammatory or tolerogenic stimuli upon antigen encounter. Thus, maturational signals from the environment and the diet are insufficient to adequately shape the immune system. This publication deals with the relationship between the gut microbiota as well as altered pattern of early microbial contact and the origin of human disease. New aspects of the original hygiene hypothesis are discussed in relation to disorders spanning from allergy and autoimmunity to obesity.The results presented suggest that all these disorders may be linked to aberrant antigen absorption and immune responses associated with dysfunction of mucosal defense. Researchers, clinicians and students interested in the interaction of the host with indigenous gut bacteria and the consequences for human health will find this publication of utmost interest.
Book Synopsis Clinical and Molecular Advances in Ankylosing Spondylitis by : Jacome Bruges-Armas
Download or read book Clinical and Molecular Advances in Ankylosing Spondylitis written by Jacome Bruges-Armas and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-02-22 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first section of the book entitled Clinical and Molecular Advances in Ankylosing Spondylitis is a review of the clinical manifestations of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) and Spondyloarthritis (SpA). The book includes chapters on Bone Mineral Density measurements, two chapters on the temporomandibular joints, axial fractures, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and treatment. Molecular genetics and immune response are analyzed in the second section of the book; information on HLA-B*27, other MHC genes and the immune response of AS patients to bacteria is reviewed and updated. Two chapters are dedicated to recent information on non-MHC genes in AS susceptibility, and to new data on disease pathways generated from gene expression studies on peripheral blood.
Book Synopsis Natural Killer Cell Protocols by : Kerry S. Campbell
Download or read book Natural Killer Cell Protocols written by Kerry S. Campbell and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Natural Killer Cell Protocols: Cellular and Molecular Methods, Kerry S. Campbell and Marco Colonna have assembled a comprehensive collection of readily reproducible methods designed to study natural killer (NK) cells from the broadest variety of viewpoints. These include not only classic techniques, but also new approaches to standard methods, newly evolved techniques that have become valuable for specific applications, and unique models for manipulating and studying NK cells. Among the advanced methods covered are those for in vitro transendothelial migration, in vivo detection of cells migrating into tumors, immunofluorescence staining of intracellular cytokines, and in vitro NK cell development. Valuable techniques for specific applications include vaccinia virus protein expression, soluble KIR-Fc fusions for HLA class I binding assays, calcium mobilization in cell conjugates, and identification of heterodimeric receptor complexes using cDNA library expression cloning. No less important are accounts of such classic methods as hybrid resistance, ADCC, viral defense, target cell cytotoxicity assays, cloning and culturing, tumor immunotherapy, and generation of HLA class I transfected target cells. Natural Killer Cell Protocols: Cellular and Molecular Methods offers immunologists, cancer researchers, virologists, and cell biologists today's most comprehensive collection of both established and cutting-edge techniques, methods that will contribute significantly to advancing our understanding of this fascinating and critically important class of cells.
Book Synopsis Blood and Bone Marrow Pathology by : Anna Porwit
Download or read book Blood and Bone Marrow Pathology written by Anna Porwit and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Already a standard reference work in the field, the new edition of Blood and Bone Marrow Pathology incorporates the latest WHO classification schemes and the latest ancillary diagnostic techniques in immunohistochemistry and molecular biology in order to provide a comprehensive, well balanced and authoritative guide to the interpretation and diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of blood and bone marrow. The text is lavishly illustrated with high quality colour images that demonstrate the relevant pathological,features and immunohistochemical and molecular markers. The text features a well-organized approach that incorporates practical tips and clues to help avoid pitfalls and to ensure optimal diagnosis The book is lavishly illustrated with high quality color images that demonstrate the relevant pathological features and immunohistochemical and molecular markers. The text features a well-organized approach that incorporates practical tips and clues to help avoid pitfalls and to ensure optimal diagnosis. Chapters have been totally rewritten and new chapters have been added, especially on myeloid malignancies. The chapters on hematological malignancies have been written so that the reader can apply the latest WHO Classifications in their routine daily practice (especially the 2008 WHO Classification of Tumors of Hemopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues) All chapters have been revised to include new aspects of molecular biology and flow cytometry diagnostics. Many new schematic diagrams and color illustrations have been added to illustrate blood and bone marrow pathology. Access the full text online and download images via Expert Consult. Chapters have been totally rewritten and some new chapters have been added especially on myeloid malignancies, in line with the WHO 2008 Classification All chapters have been revised to include new aspects of molecular biology and updated concerning flow cytometry diagnostics Greater emphasis on practical diagnostic aspects for all disorders Brand new editorial and contributing author team. Full Online text through Expert Consult. Full downloadable Image Bank Already a standard reference work in the field, the new edition of Blood and Bone Marrow Pathology incorporates the latest WHO classification schemes and the latest ancillary diagnostic techniques in immunohistochemistry and molecular biology in order to provide a comprehensive, well balanced and authoritative guide to the interpretation and diagnosis of neoplastic and non-neoplastic diseases of blood and bone marrow. The text is lavishly illustrated with high quality colour images that demonstrate the relevant pathological,features and immunohistochemical and molecular markers. The text features a well-organized approach that incorporates practical tips and clues to help avoid pitfalls and to ensure optimal diagnosis
Book Synopsis On Human Nature by : Michel Tibayrenc
Download or read book On Human Nature written by Michel Tibayrenc and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On Human Nature: Biology, Psychology, Ethics, Politics, and Religion covers the present state of knowledge on human diversity and its adaptative significance through a broad and eclectic selection of representative chapters. This transdisciplinary work brings together specialists from various fields who rarely interact, including geneticists, evolutionists, physicians, ethologists, psychoanalysts, anthropologists, sociologists, theologians, historians, linguists, and philosophers. Genomic diversity is covered in several chapters dealing with biology, including the differences in men and apes and the genetic diversity of mankind. Top specialists, known for their open mind and broad knowledge have been carefully selected to cover each topic. The book is therefore at the crossroads between biology and human sciences, going beyond classical science in the Popperian sense. The book is accessible not only to specialists, but also to students, professors, and the educated public. Glossaries of specialized terms and general public references help nonspecialists understand complex notions, with contributions avoiding technical jargon. Provides greater understanding of diversity and population structure and history, with crucial foundational knowledge needed to conduct research in a variety of fields, such as genetics and disease Includes three robust sections on biological, psychological, and ethical aspects, with cross-fertilization and reciprocal references between the three sections Contains contributions by leading experts in their respective fields working under the guidance of internationally recognized and highly respected editors
Book Synopsis Genetic Diversity and Disease Susceptibility by : Yamin Liu
Download or read book Genetic Diversity and Disease Susceptibility written by Yamin Liu and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-10-17 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymorphism or variation in DNA sequence can affect individual phenotypes such as color of skin or eyes, susceptibility to diseases, and response to drugs, vaccines, chemicals, and pathogens. Especially, the interfaces between genetics, disease susceptibility, and pharmacogenomics have recently been the subject of intense research activity. This book is a self-contained collection of valuable scholarly papers related to genetic diversity and disease susceptibility, pharmacogenomics, ongoing advances in technology, and analytic methods in this field. The book contains nine chapters that cover the three main topics of genetic polymorphism, genetic diversity, and disease susceptibility and pharmacogenomics. Hence, this book is particularly useful to academics, scientists, physicians, pharmacists, practicing researchers, and postgraduate students whose work relates to genetic polymorphisms.
Download or read book Molecular Biology of the Cell written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Immunogenetics written by and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-08-31 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
