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The Effect Of Feeding Canola Meal On Growth Performance And Nutrient Digestibility In Pigs
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Feeding Canola Meal on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Pigs by : Nijitha Sanjayan
Download or read book The Effect of Feeding Canola Meal on Growth Performance and Nutrient Digestibility in Pigs written by Nijitha Sanjayan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three experiments were conducted to determine the nutritive value of black Brassica napus (BBN), yellow Brassica juncea (YBJ) and yellow Brassica napus (YBN) in pig diets. In experiment 1, effect of multi-carbohydrase supplementation on SID of AA in BBN, YBJ and YBN was evaluated in growing pigs. The YBJ had similar SID of AA to BBN and enzyme did not affect SID of most of AA. The second and third experiments investigated the effect of high dietary inclusion of BBN and YBJ on weaned pig performance and nutrient digestibility with enzyme supplementation. The studies showed that weaned pigs can be fed diets containing up to 250 g/kg of either BBN or YBJ. Enzyme supplementation improved the nutrient digestibility. In conclusion, BBN and YBJ had similar digestible nutrient contents and there were no detrimental effects detected when pigs were fed up to 250 g/kg of BBN and YBJ in weaned pigs.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Feeding Canola Meal on Nutrient Digestibility and Growth Performance in Pigs by : Nijitha Sanjayan
Download or read book The Effect of Feeding Canola Meal on Nutrient Digestibility and Growth Performance in Pigs written by Nijitha Sanjayan and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Optimizing the Use of Canola Meal in Swine Diets for Lifetime Performance by : Gustavo Adolfo Mejicanos
Download or read book Optimizing the Use of Canola Meal in Swine Diets for Lifetime Performance written by Gustavo Adolfo Mejicanos and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objective of this research was to study the optimization of the use of Brassica napus canola meal (CM) in swine diets. Chapter one had introduced the field of study, which helped to generate the research questions. Chapter two provided review information on means and techniques of improving the nutritive value of CM. Chapter three presents the hypothesis and objectives of the study. Chapter four studied the effect of high CM inclusion on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal bacteria in piglets fed corn or wheat-based diets. During phase-I, pigs fed wheat-CM had higher feed efficiency (G:F) than pigs fed corn-soybean meal (SBM) diet. The inclusion of CM influenced crude protein (CP), energy digestibility, and fecal microbial community, without affecting voluntary feed intake and body weight (BW) gain. Chapter five studied phosphorus (P) digestibility. Results indicated that feeding dehulled canola meal (DCM) increased apparent (ATTD) and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in pigs of different BW. For growing pigs, the ATTD and STTD of P were greater for DCM (42.4 and 46.1%) than for regular canola meal (RCM; 32 and 35.7%) and coarse canola meal (CCM; 24.5 and 28.4%). In chapter six, the effect of tail-end dehulling of CM on apparent (AID) and standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of amino acids (AA) when fed to growing pigs were determined. Dehulling increased the SID AA content of DCM compared to RCM by an average of 9%. Chapter seven investigated the effect of dietary supplementation of xylanase on a wheat-based diet containing CM. No effect on growth performance was found. However, a protein-xylanase effect on the ATTD of NDF (P
Book Synopsis Nutritional Value of Low-fibre and High-fat Canola Co-products in Pig by : Xun Zhou
Download or read book Nutritional Value of Low-fibre and High-fat Canola Co-products in Pig written by Xun Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solvent-extracted canola meal (CM) is fed to pigs as alternative to soybean meal (SBM). The relatively high dietary fibre content in CM limit its nutritional value for swine. Canola processing could produce canola co-products with less fibre and greater fat thus increasing its nutritional value. Effects of feeding low-fibre and high-fat canola co-products on pig nutrient digestibility, growth performance, carcass traits, and pork quality were evaluated. In Chapter 3, conventional Brassica (B.) napus and thin-hull B. juncea CM were air-classified to produce low-fibre light-particle fraction and high-fibre heavy-particle fraction and were included at 200 g/kg in nursery diets. Compared with napus, feeding juncea CM reduced average daily feed intake (ADFI), increased feed efficiency (G:F), but did not affect average daily gain (ADG) in weaned pigs. Feeding light-particle fraction increased G:F compared with parent CM or heavy-particle fraction, but ADFI and ADG were not affected. In Chapter 4, napus and juncea CM and their air-classified fractions were fed to ileal-cannulated grower pigs. Apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of gross energy (GE) and digestible energy (DE) value were greater in juncea than napus CM, and greater for light-particle fraction than parent CM or heavy-particle fraction. The standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of His, Ile, and Val were greater for juncea than napus CM. The SID amino acids (AA) was greater in light-particle fraction than parent CM or heavy-particle fraction. In Chapter 5, juncea canola seed was extruded and expeller-pressed to produce canola expeller (CE) with 168 g/kg ether extract (EE). Expeller included at 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/kg in growing-finishing diets linearly reduced ADFI and ADG, did not affect G:F, linearly reduced carcass weight and loin depth, and linearly increased unsaturated fatty acid content in jowl fat. In Chapter 6, canola press-cake (CPC) with 204 g/kg EE was produced by merely expeller-pressing canola seed. The CPC included at 0, 50, 100, 150, and 200 g/kg in nursery diets did not affect ADFI and ADG, but linearly increased G:F in weaned pigs. In Chapter 7, CPC and canola oil were produced expeller-pressing canola seed. True digestibility of fat was estimated to be greater in canola oil than in CPC. The total endogenous fat losses were estimated to be greater for the total tract than ileum. Canola oil inclusion increased digestibility of energy and AA in other dietary components. In conclusion, low-fibre canola co-products had greater nutritional value than conventional CM. Feeding high-fat canola co-products replacing SBM and supplemental fat in swine diets maintained growth performance when dietary glucosinolate profile was acceptable. Formulating swine diets based on NE value and SID AA content minimized the negative effect of feeding canola co-products on pig growth performance.
Book Synopsis Nutrient and energy digestibility in weaned piglets as influenced by feeding level and origin of soy-bean meal in the diet by : Miriam Goerke
Download or read book Nutrient and energy digestibility in weaned piglets as influenced by feeding level and origin of soy-bean meal in the diet written by Miriam Goerke and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2014-11-12 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Feed is the greatest single cost factor in pig production, and protein and energy accounts for the largest proportion of feed costs. Therefore, it is crucial that the protein and energy content of a diet is characterized in the best possible way. Over the past years, the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) has been introduced into diet formulation for pigs in several countries. Moreover, different energy systems are available for feed evaluation including digestible energy (DE), metabolizable energy (ME) and net energy (NE). For soybean meal (SBM), the most commonly used feed ingredient in pig diets, tabulated values for SID of AA in addition to DE, ME or NE contents have been determined in grower-finisher pigs rather than weaned piglets. Due to the lack of separate feed tables for piglets, tabulated values originating from experiments with grower-finisher pigs are being used for diet formulation in piglet feeding, although post-weaning feed intake (FI) is highly variable and often lower than 3 times the maintenance energy requirement of weaned piglets. Thus, it remains open, if values obtained with grower-finisher pigs can be used for piglets as well. Furthermore, in grower-finisher pigs it has been shown that dietary inclusion of SBM sources of different origins may affect SID of CP and AA. The influence of SBM origin on SID of CP and AA in piglets has not been investigated so far. Therefore, the first objective of the present thesis was to determine SID of CP and AA in a large variety of SBM sources sourced from different countries, whereas the second and third objective was to investigate the effect of FI level on apparent ileal digestibility (AID) and SID of CP and AA, as well as on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of proximate nutrients and energy in weaned piglets. For this purpose, a digestibility experiment with a total of 36 (initial BW 5.6 kg) newly weaned pigs, surgically fitted with simple T-cannulas at the distal ileum, was conducted. The piglets were housed in metabolic crates, and were fed semi-synthetic diets based on cornstarch and 1 out of 18 different SBM batches originating either from Argentina (6 batches), Brazil (6 batches) or the United States (US; 6 batches). Diets were fed on three graded levels of FI corresponding to 30, 45 and 60 g per kg average body weight (BW) of piglets, equivalent to 50, 75 or 100 g/kg BW0.75 d or 1.9, 2.6 and 3.1 times the energy requirement for maintenance. The whole experiment was split in 3 consecutive parts with 12 piglets, each. Over the whole experiment, the piglets were randomly allocated to the different combinations of FI level and SBM, but balanced in order to achieve 3 identical experimental parts. Chapter 1 of the present thesis provides a brief introduction into the objective of this thesis, including background information on SBM production, composition, and a literature review about studies concerning the impact of SBM origin and the effect of FI level on nutrient digestibility in pigs. Chapter 2 includes information on the chemical composition and proximate constituents of the 18 SBM batches originating from Argentina, Brazil, or the US. The average content of CP was greater for Brazilian SBM (P ≤ 0.05) compared to the other 2 origins. Contents of most AA were greater (P ≤ 0.05) in Brazilian compared to Argentinean SBM batches. Amino acid contents in US SBM batches ranged between those from Argentina and Brazil. Average trypsin inhibitor activity was greatest (P ≤ 0.05) in Brazilian SBM. Mycotoxins were detected in 8 out of 18 SBM batches, but all mycotoxin levels were below their critical benchmarks. The contents of individual isoflavones varied considerably among SBM origins (P ≤ 0.05). The SID of Arg, Phe, Thr, Trp, Asp, Gly, and Ser were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for US compared to Argentinean SBM batches, and intermediate values were obtained for Brazilian SBM batches. The SID values were most variable within Argentinean SBM batches and most homogenous within US SBM batches, as indicated by a great and a small coefficient of variation, respectively. However, SID of CP and AA were not related to any of the analyzed chemical constituents. It was concluded that EU imports of SBM are generally of high quality. The obtained SID values contribute substantially to the expansion of databases on SID of CP and AA in SBM from the 3 major soybean-producing countries for piglets. However, SID values obtained with piglets were considerably lower compared with tabulated values originating from grower-finisher pigs. Thus, further studies are warranted to confirm that finally separate feed tables for ingredients used in diet formulation for piglets are required to account for these differences. In Chapter 3, the effect of 3 graded levels of FI on AID and SID of CP and AA in SBM based diets was determined in piglets. The AID and SID of most AA were quadratically affected by the FI level (P ≤ 0.05). Initially, both AID and SID of most AA increased up to 1.9 % units as the FI level was increased from 30 to 45 g/kg BW. Thereafter, these AID and SID values decreased by 2.6 and 2.7 % units, respectively, as the FI level was further increased from 45 to 60 g/kg BW. It was concluded that there is a significant effect of feed intake level, albeit of small magnitude, on AID and SID of CP and AA, which possibly has to be accounted for in feed tables, due to the high variability of voluntary FI post weaning. In Chapter 4, the effect of 3 graded FI levels on AID and ATTD of proximate nutrients and energy, as well as on estimates of dietary DE, ME and NE contents was investigated. Due to the graded level of FI, and thereby the graded intake of nutrients, ileal endogenous nutrient losses and/or total tract endogenous nutrient losses could be estimated by linear regression analysis, and true digestibility values as well as urinary endogenous N losses could be calculated. The AID of DM, N and energy as well as ATTD of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and ether extract (EE) in the assay diets was not affected (P > 0.05) by FI level. However, there was a small decrease in ATTD of DM, N, OM, ash and energy, as well as in DE, ME and NE content in the assay diets (P
Book Synopsis The Utilization of Canola Meal by Young Growing Pigs by : Ian Robert Seddon
Download or read book The Utilization of Canola Meal by Young Growing Pigs written by Ian Robert Seddon and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four experiments, involving 140 pigs in performance and digestibility studies, were conducted to evaluate canola meal (CM) in comparison to soybean meal (SBM) as a protein supplement for young growing pigs. In experiments 1, 2 and 3, CM replaced 0, 50 or 100% of the SBM supplement on an isonitrogenous basis in isocaloric wheat-based diets for pigs fed from 14 to 32 kg. The effects of different lysine levels (0.74 or 0.84% total lysine) on performance were also studied. Feed intake and daily gains of pigs were reduced (P0.05) when CM replaced 100% of the SBM supplement. Feed to gain ratios were similar (P0.05) for all diets. Pigs fed diets formulated to contain 0.84% total lysine had nonsignificant (P>0.05) improved gains compared to pigs fed diets formulated to contain 0.74% total lysine. In experiment 4, pigs initially weighing 6 kg were fed a prestarter diet until an average final weight of 14 kg. Following this, a starter diet was fed for the weight range of 14 to 32 kg. Four isocaloric diets were formulated for each part of the experiment. CM and synthetic lysine replace o, 35, 69 or 82% of the SBM in the prestarter diets whereas CM alone replaced 0, 32, 51 or 100% of the SBM on an isonitrogenous basis in the starter diets. The prestarter diets were formulated to contain similar available lysine levels. Pigs fed the prestarter diets had similar (P>0.05) feed intakes, daily gains and feed to gain ratios. However, pigs fed the wheat-SBM starter diet had improved (P0.05) feed intakes and daily gains compared to pigs fed the CM supplemented diets. Overall, pigs fed wheat-SBM diets from 6 to 32 kg in experiment 4 had improved (P
Book Synopsis The Utilization of Canola Meal by Young Growing Pigs by : Ian Robert Seddon
Download or read book The Utilization of Canola Meal by Young Growing Pigs written by Ian Robert Seddon and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Four experiments, involving 140 pigs in performance and digestibility studies, were conducted to evaluate canola meal (CM) in comparison to soybean meal (SBM) as a protein supplement for young growing pigs. In experiments 1, 2 and 3, CM replaced 0, 50 or 100% of the SBM supplement on an isonitrogenous basis in isocaloric wheat-based diets for pigs fed from 14 to 32 kg. The effects of different lysine levels (0.74 or 0.84% total lysine) on performance were also studied. Feed intake and daily gains of pigs were reduced (P0.05) when CM replaced 100% of the SBM supplement. Feed to gain ratios were similar (P0.05) for all diets. Pigs fed diets formulated to contain 0.84% total lysine had nonsignificant (P>0.05) improved gains compared to pigs fed diets formulated to contain 0.74% total lysine. In experiment 4, pigs initially weighing 6 kg were fed a prestarter diet until an average final weight of 14 kg. Following this, a starter diet was fed for the weight range of 14 to 32 kg. Four isocaloric diets were formulated for each part of the experiment. CM and synthetic lysine replace o, 35, 69 or 82% of the SBM in the prestarter diets whereas CM alone replaced 0, 32, 51 or 100% of the SBM on an isonitrogenous basis in the starter diets. The prestarter diets were formulated to contain similar available lysine levels. Pigs fed the prestarter diets had similar (P>0.05) feed intakes, daily gains and feed to gain ratios. However, pigs fed the wheat-SBM starter diet had improved (P0.05) feed intakes and daily gains compared to pigs fed the CM supplemented diets. Overall, pigs fed wheat-SBM diets from 6 to 32 kg in experiment 4 had improved (P
Book Synopsis Canola Meal as a Major Protein Source for Sows by : Deepak Ettungalpadi Velayudhan
Download or read book Canola Meal as a Major Protein Source for Sows written by Deepak Ettungalpadi Velayudhan and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this research were to determine the effects of high inclusion of canola meal (CM) in gestation and lactation diets on lactation performance, milk composition, energy and nutrient digestibility, and gut health in sows and suckling piglet performance. Standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of CP and AA and standardized total tract digestibility (STTD) of P in CM fed to gestating and lactating sows with or without a multi-enzyme complex (MC) was also determined. In Study 1, results showed no differences in sow and litter performance when soybean meal was replaced with increasing levels of CM in lactation diets. However, energy and nutrient digestibilities were reduced with increasing dietary CM inclusion, probably due to increased fiber content. Results indicated that inclusion of up to 30% CM in lactation diet could support satisfactory sow and suckling piglet performance. Results from Study 2 indicated that up to 30% CM could be included in sow diets as a sole protein source from early gestation until weaning without affecting sow and suckling piglet performance, energy and nutrient digestibility, along with an increase in the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the gut. Furthermore, enzyme supplementation improved P digestibility post-farrowing in sows fed CM-containing diets. From Study 3, SID of indispensable AA in CM in gestating and lactating sows were, respectively: Arg, 89.2 and 91.3%; His, 93.1 and 94.0%; Ile, 85.9 and 87.0%; Leu, 89.2 and 89.2%; Lys, 87.0 and 87.7%; Met, 92.2 and 93.2%; Phe, 89.2 and 87.8%; Thr, 84.3 and 82.7%; Trp, 88.1 and 91.5%; Val, 85.9 and 84.3%. When compared to the average SID coefficients of AA in CM fed to growing pigs from previous studies, the SID coefficients for AA in lactating sows were higher in the present study. Supplementation with MC improved the SID of some AA during lactation. The average STTD for P in CM in sows was 44.7 % and MC significantly improved STTD of P in CM during lactation. Results imply that the use of nutrient digestibility values for CM in growing pigs would result in an underestimation of those for gestating and lactating sows.
Book Synopsis Energy Metabolism by : Sir Kenneth Lyon Blaxter
Download or read book Energy Metabolism written by Sir Kenneth Lyon Blaxter and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Industrial Oil Crops by : Thomas McKeon
Download or read book Industrial Oil Crops written by Thomas McKeon and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Industrial Oil Crops presents the latest information on important products derived from seed and other plant oils, their quality, the potential environmental benefit, and the latest trends in industrial uses. This book provides a comprehensive view of key oil crops that provide products used for fuel, surfactants, paints and coatings, lubricants, high-value polymers, safe plasticizers and numerous other products, all of which compete effectively with petroleum-derived products for quality and cost. Specific products derived from oil crops are a principle concern, and other fundamental aspects of developing oil crops for industrial uses are also covered. These include improvement through traditional breeding, and molecular, tissue culture and genetic engineering contributions to breeding, as well as practical aspects of what is needed to bring a new or altered crop to market. As such, this book provides a handbook for developing products from renewable resources that can replace those currently derived from petroleum. Led by an international team of expert editors, this book will be a valuable asset for those in product research and development as well as basic plant research related to oil crops. Up-to-date review of all the key oilseed crops used primarily for industrial purposes Highlights the potential for providing renewable resources to replace petroleum derived products Comprehensive chapters on biodiesel and polymer chemistry of seed oil Includes chapters on economics of new oilseed crops, emerging oilseed crops, genetic modification and plant tissue culture technology for oilseed improvement
Book Synopsis Sustainable Swine Nutrition by : Lee I. Chiba
Download or read book Sustainable Swine Nutrition written by Lee I. Chiba and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-10-26 with total page 757 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sustainable Swine Nutrition As climate change continues to have a significant impact on the modern world, it is crucial to find alternative sources of energy and nutrients for swine production. The development of optimal feeding revolves around a multitude of considerations—genetic variations in the pig, variability, availability, and stability of nutrients in feed ingredients, interactions among nutrients and non-nutritive factors, voluntary feed intake, physical (& social) environment of pigs, and more. Establishing the ideal network of factors will only grow in importance as humans assess the methods for our own food networks. Sustainable Swine Nutrition is a comprehensive book on swine nutrition, covering some fundamental aspects of nutrition—namely digestive physiology, water, protein or amino acids, lipids, carbohydrates, energy metabolism, vitamins, minerals, and nutrition and immunology. Providing the most up-to-date information on each of these areas, a major emphasis of this second edition is on recent developments and current advances in the field, with a focus on pertinent issues linked with energy and nutrients. In doing so, the book highlights topics and issues that can contribute to the ultimate goal of successful and sustainable swine production. Sustainable Swine Nutrition readers will also find: Environmentally friendly, optimal feeding strategies for successful and sustainable swine production Recent developments, such as alternative feedstuffs, feed additives, and bioavailability Expanded treatment and new chapters on swine physiology, energy and protein, technology, and more Sustainable Swine Nutrition, Second Edition, is an ideal resource for livestock scientists and industry professionals involved in all aspects of pork production.
Book Synopsis An Evaluation of the Complete Or Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Canola Meal in Diets for Growing Swine by : Mark Robert Juhl
Download or read book An Evaluation of the Complete Or Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal with Canola Meal in Diets for Growing Swine written by Mark Robert Juhl and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Canola written by James K. Daun and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-08-13 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a complete picture of the canola crop including its history, botany, genetics, distribution, breeding and biotechnology, production, processing, composition, nutritional properties and utilization of the seed, oil and meal, as well as an economic profile. While the main focus in this book is on canola of Canadian origin, its cousin crop oilseed rape will also be discussed to a lesser extent. The work provides up-to-date information on the crop and highlights areas where research and development is either needed or is in process. Provides extensive information on the canola plant, including breeding, genetic engineering for trait development, and seed morphology and composition Editors and contributors are global leaders in canola research and application Offers a comprehensive overview of canola oil and meal composition, nutrition, and utilization
Book Synopsis Swine Nutrition by : Elwyn R. Miller
Download or read book Swine Nutrition written by Elwyn R. Miller and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Swine Nutrition is a comprehensive text-reference that deals with the various aspects and knowledge in swine nutrition. The book is basically about nutrient utilization by swine. The topics discussed concerning this subject are factors influencing swine nutrition, nutrient bioavailability, appetite and feeding behavior, physical forms of feed, environment and management, immunocompetence, genetic and sex considerations, mycotoxins, and intestinal microbiology. Major and unique feedstuffs, feeding regimen in different stages of growth, and techniques in swine nutrition research are also elaborated. The text will be useful to students of advance swine nutrition courses as well as those seeking information in swine nutrition.
Book Synopsis Tables of Composition and Nutritional Value of Feed Materials by : Institut national de la recherche agronomique (France)
Download or read book Tables of Composition and Nutritional Value of Feed Materials written by Institut national de la recherche agronomique (France) and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Nutrient Absorption and Energy Expenditure in Growing Pigs Fed High-fiber Diets Supplemented with Enzymes by : Atta Kofi Agyekum
Download or read book Nutrient Absorption and Energy Expenditure in Growing Pigs Fed High-fiber Diets Supplemented with Enzymes written by Atta Kofi Agyekum and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiber-rich (HF) diets are typically supplemented with enzymes to improve their nutritive value and to offset their negative effects on pig growth. However, studies on enzyme effect in pigs have yielded inconsistent results on nutrient digestibility and growth. Although the inconsistencies observed could be explained by differences in substrate and experimental conditions and enzyme characteristics among studies, how enzymes influence metabolic and physiological responses in pigs is still not clear. Therefore, three experiments were conducted, using 3 dietary treatments (control, HF and HF diet supplemented with enzymes), to elucidate the effects of supplementing an HF diet with enzymes in growing pigs. Experiment one investigated HF and enzyme supplementation on energy and nutrient digestibility, digesta volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations, and gut microbial profile in pigs. Compared with the HF diet, enzymes improved dry matter, starch, energy and some amino acid (AA), but not nitrogen digestibility. Further, the enzymes stimulated the growth of gut bacterial groups, which have xylanolytic and cellulolytic properties in the HF-fed pigs, but enzymes did not influence digesta VFA concentration or fiber fermentation. Experiment 2 evaluated the effects of enzyme supplementation on growth performance, glucose uptake in jejunum tissue samples mounted in Ussing chambers, and intestinal nutrient transporter mRNA levels in pigs. Diet had no effect on feed intake and jejunal glucose uptake. The enzymes influenced nutrient transporter mRNA levels but did not improve pig growth rate and feed efficiency relative to the HF diet. The third experiment investigated the effect of supplementing the HF diet with enzymes on postprandial portal vein-drained viscera (PDV) nutrient fluxes and energy expenditure (measured as O2 consumption) by the PDV and whole-animal in pigs. Diet had no effect on energy expenditure. The HF diet reduced portal glucose, VFA and essential AA absorption and insulin production. Enzyme supplementation improved portal glucose and VFA absorption, but not essential AA absorption and insulin production. Overall, improvements in nutrient utilization due to enzyme supplementation did not improve the growth rate of pigs, which appears to be due to the lack of enzyme effect on essential AA and energy use by the PDV and insulin production.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of amino acid digestibility values of protein feedstuffs and dietary protein content in combination with probiotic supplementation in growing pigs by : Chanwit Kaewtapee
Download or read book Evaluation of amino acid digestibility values of protein feedstuffs and dietary protein content in combination with probiotic supplementation in growing pigs written by Chanwit Kaewtapee and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2017-05-11 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade, the concept of standardized ileal digestibility (SID) of crude protein (CP) and amino acids (AA) has been used in diet formulation for pigs. However, there is limited data on the nutritional composition and SID of CP and AA in home-grown European soybean and rapeseed products. For full-fat soybeans (FFSB), the presence of heat-labile trypsin inhibitors may cause problems in protein digestion of pigs. Therefore, the optimization of heat treatment for FFSB is a need to reduce trypsin inhibitor activity for improving SID of CP and AA. However, excessive heat treatment may have a negative effect on protein digestion. Furthermore, reducing dietary protein levels in combination with the supplementation of Bacillus spp. may reduce feed costs and improve pigs’ gut health. As a result of the present study, home-grown European soybean and rapeseed products can be considered as a suitable alternative to imported soybean products for pigs raised in organic and conventional farming systems. Wet heating at 100°C for 16 min, together with autoclaving at 110°C from 15 to 45 min reflects optimal heat treatment for FFSB resulting in greater SID of CP and AA with lower destruction of AA. Reducing the dietary CP level is an alternative strategy to improve SID of some AA, thereby decreasing feed cost and nitrogen excretion. The supplementation of Bacillus spp. promoted gene copy numbers of Roseburia spp., which may be beneficial due to ascribed health promoting properties of this butyrate producer.
