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The Effect Of Expert Testimony Regarding Secondary Confession On Jury Decision Making And Perceptions
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Book Synopsis The Effect of Expert Testimony Regarding Secondary Confession on Jury Decision Making and Perceptions by : William B. Exley
Download or read book The Effect of Expert Testimony Regarding Secondary Confession on Jury Decision Making and Perceptions written by William B. Exley and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Effects of Expert Witness Testimony and Jury Instructions on Mock Jurors' Perceptions of False Confession Evidence by :
Download or read book The Effects of Expert Witness Testimony and Jury Instructions on Mock Jurors' Perceptions of False Confession Evidence written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Sensitizing the General Public by : Victoria Hall
Download or read book Sensitizing the General Public written by Victoria Hall and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: False confessions are a leading cause of wrongful convictions in Canada, suggesting a lack of protection against false confessions. Moreover, minimization tactics can increase the chance of false confessions. Current educational efforts (i.e., cautionary instructions and expert testimony) do not sufficiently sensitize jurors to false confessions, increasing the chance that false confessions will result in a wrongful conviction. We hypothesized that experiential processing (via personal learning) would alter perceptions of confessions. In Study 1, participants read vignettes whereby minimization led to a confession, and provided perceptions of the confession. Veracity of the confession was manipulated. Learning that a seemingly appropriate interrogation lead to a false confession altered perceptions of that confession evidence. This change in perception carried over to a second, unrelated case. In Study 2, we replicated these findings using video clips of actual Canadian interrogations, strengthening ecological validity of the study. Implications for jury decision making are discussed.
Book Synopsis The Effect of Expert Testimony on Jury Decision Making by : Bianca Klettke
Download or read book The Effect of Expert Testimony on Jury Decision Making written by Bianca Klettke and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Expert Psychological Testimony for the Courts by : Mark Costanzo
Download or read book Expert Psychological Testimony for the Courts written by Mark Costanzo and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2020-07-24 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past two decades, the frequency and range of expert testimony by psychologists have increased dramatically. Courts now routinely hear expert testimony from clinical, cognitive, developmental, and social psychologists. Expert Psychological Testimony for the Courts provides a comprehensive, research-based analysis of the content, ethics, and impact of expert testimony. This book features leading scholars who have contributed to the scientific foundation for expert testimony and who have also served as expert witnesses. The opening chapter explores issues surrounding the admissibility of expert testimony, and the closing chapter explores the ethics and limits of psychological testimony. Each of the intervening chapters focuses on a different area of expert testimony: forensic identification, police interrogations and false confessions, eyewitness identification, sexual harassment, mitigation in capital cases, the insanity defense, battered women, future dangerousness, and child custody. These chapters describe the typical content of expert testimony in a particular area, evaluate the scientific foundation for testimony, examine how jurors respond to expert testimony, and suggest ways in which legal standards or procedures might be modified in light of psychological research. This groundbreaking book should be on the shelf of every social scientist interested in the legal system and every trial attorney who is likely to retain a psychologist as an expert witness. It can also serve as a text for advanced courses in psychology, legal studies, criminal justice, law, and sociology.
Book Synopsis Educating Jurors about the Phenomenon of False Confessions with Juveniles by : Stephanie C. Burke
Download or read book Educating Jurors about the Phenomenon of False Confessions with Juveniles written by Stephanie C. Burke and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expert witnesses may be used at trial to educate jurors about information beyond their typical scope of knowledge or to help them understand evidence. Previous research on expert witness testimony regarding false confessions is mixed, and no published studies to date have examined expert testimony specifically as it relates to juvenile false confessions. Given expert testimony on false confessions is occasionally prohibited at trial, other means of educating the public are also warranted. The present study investigated jury-eligible citizens' knowledge of false confessions and whether education, via an expert witness testimony video or a false confession TED Talk, improved the accuracy of, relative to a control video, jurors' knowledge and decision making regarding a vignette-based juvenile defendant who falsely confessed. Results revealed the 284 participants, recruited from Amazon Mechanical Turk and social media sites, had substantial knowledge of false confessions. Nonetheless, results of a 2x3 mixed factorial ANOVA indicated that, compared to the control video, both expert witness testimony and the TED Talk significantly improved jurors' knowledge. Although condition did not impact the verdict assigned to the juvenile defendant, the TED Talk led a greater proportion of participants to report it very likely the defendant falsely confessed, whereas the expert witness video led participants to have greater confidence in their confession decisions, compared to the control video. Along with study limitations, policy and practice implications on the use of expert witness testimony and ways of educating jury-eligible citizens about false confessions are discussed.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Recanted False Confession Types and Clarified Instructions on Jury Decision Making by : Andrew Christian Pollack
Download or read book The Impact of Recanted False Confession Types and Clarified Instructions on Jury Decision Making written by Andrew Christian Pollack and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A substantial amount of research has been dedicated to understanding how and why innocent people confess to crimes that they did not commit. Unfortunately, false confessions occur even with the best possible interrogation practices. This study aimed to examine how different types of false confession (voluntary, compliance, and internalization) and the use of jury instructions specific to confessions influences jurors' verdicts. A sample of 414 participants read a criminal trial case summary that presented one of four reasons why the defendant falsely confessed followed by either the standard jury instruction for confessions or a clarified version. Afterwards, participants completed several items assessing the perceived guilt of the defendant, their attitudes on confessions in general, and their opinions on jury instructions. Although the three confession reasons did not differ among one another, jurors who were given no explanation for the false confession tended to more harshly judge the defendant. Further, the clarified jury instructions did not influence the participants' judgments. Future research should focus on how expert witness testimonies affect verdicts regarding each type of false confession reason and whether the media may influence a juror's knowledge of factors that could provoke false confessions.
Book Synopsis Judicial Instructions and Expert Testimony Regarding Eyewitness Accuracy by : Teddy D. Warner
Download or read book Judicial Instructions and Expert Testimony Regarding Eyewitness Accuracy written by Teddy D. Warner and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Examining the Impact of Expert Testimony and Judicial Instructions on Juror Decision- Making by : Shirley Joseph
Download or read book Examining the Impact of Expert Testimony and Judicial Instructions on Juror Decision- Making written by Shirley Joseph and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Faulty eyewitness identification has contributed to the majority of exonerations due to wrongful convictions (Yarmey, 2001). Safeguards such as eyewitness testimony and judicial instructions were designed to aid jurors in evaluating this type of evidence (Cutler, Dexter & Penrod, 1989; Greene, 1988; Wells & Olson, 2003). The aim of the present study was to test whether expert eyewitness testimony and judicial instructions improve juror decision-making. Community members and undergraduate students watched a videotape of a rape trial, which varied in the quality of the eyewitness identification as well as the type of safeguard presented. System variables (feedback, lineup instructions, and lineup procedure) were manipulated where participants heard about either good or poor police practices. Additionally, participants were randomly placed in the expert, Henderson instructions or control conditions. Good police practices increased witness ratings in terms of credibility of the eyewitness, detective and defendant. It also increased the odds for a conviction. Henderson instructions did not influence jurors' verdicts.
Book Synopsis Effects of Expert Testimony about Eyewitness Identifications on the Sensitivity of Jury Decision-making by : Elizabeth Lorentzen
Download or read book Effects of Expert Testimony about Eyewitness Identifications on the Sensitivity of Jury Decision-making written by Elizabeth Lorentzen and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Mock Jurors' Perceptions of Experts by : Meghann Galloway
Download or read book Mock Jurors' Perceptions of Experts written by Meghann Galloway and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although expert psychological testimony it is not present in every trial, it has the potential to greatly influence the outcome of trials when it is used. As such, it is important to understand factors that influence how jurors receive psychological testimony. Yet before expert testimony is presented, an attorney must hire the expert. This process of selection requires further scrutiny, as it is possible that persuasive and qualified experts never make it before a jury. Gender is a factor that has the potential to bias both jurors and attorneys despite being unrelated to expert qualifications. This study examined whether expert sex impacts juror and lawyer perceptions of expert credibility, as well as whether this perceived credibility is impacted by the gendered nature of the crime in question. It was hypothesized that lawyers who found experts more credible, or believe the jury will perceive them as more credible, would be more likely to use them. It was further presumed that jurors who believe an expert to be more credible might be more persuaded by the expert's testimony. Results indicated that the most salient characteristic presented in the case vignettes was neither the expert sex nor the gender of the defendant, but rather the circumstances of the crime committed. There was some indication the gendered nature of the crime interacted with the gender of the defendant to influence expert credibility, but this effect was independent of the expert's sex.
Book Synopsis Social Psychological Process And Effects On The Law by : Colleen M. Berryessa
Download or read book Social Psychological Process And Effects On The Law written by Colleen M. Berryessa and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-09-27 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Repressed Memories by : James D. Griffith
Download or read book Repressed Memories written by James D. Griffith and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Determining Damages by : Allan E. Raitz
Download or read book Determining Damages written by Allan E. Raitz and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Effect of Clinical Versus Scientific Expert Testimony on Mock Juror Decision-making in Capital Sentencing by : Daniel A. Krauss
Download or read book Effect of Clinical Versus Scientific Expert Testimony on Mock Juror Decision-making in Capital Sentencing written by Daniel A. Krauss and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Jailhouse Informants by : Jeffrey S Neuschatz
Download or read book Jailhouse Informants written by Jeffrey S Neuschatz and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2022-03-08 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a new understanding of jailhouse informants and the role they play in wrongful convictions Jailhouse informants—witnesses who testify in a criminal trial, often in exchange for some incentive—are particularly persuasive to jurors. A jailhouse informant usually claims to have heard the defendant confess to a crime while they were incarcerated together. Research shows that such testimony increases the likelihood of a guilty verdict. But it is also a leading contributor to wrongful convictions. Informants, after all, are generally criminals who are offering testimony in return for some key motivator, such as a reduced sentence. This book offers a broad overview of the history and legal and psychological issues surrounding the testimony of jailhouse informants. It provides groundbreaking psychological research to address how they are used, the number of convictions that have ultimately been overturned on other evidence, how such informants are perceived in the courtroom, and by what means jurors might be informed about the risks of this type of testimony. The volume provides a much-needed examination of legal remedies to the impact of jailhouse informants and suggests best practices in dealing with jailhouse informant testimony in court. There is a critical need to understand the influence of jailhouse informants and how their testimony can best be handled in court in the interests of justice. Jailhouse Informants is the first work of its kind that rises to the challenge of answering these difficult questions.
Book Synopsis Effects of Juror and Expert Witness Gender on Jurors' Perceptions of the Expert Witness by : Lynelle Vondergeest
Download or read book Effects of Juror and Expert Witness Gender on Jurors' Perceptions of the Expert Witness written by Lynelle Vondergeest and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
