The economic stagnation in Japan in the 90s

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Author :
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3638019934
Total Pages : 13 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis The economic stagnation in Japan in the 90s by : Henning Schmidt

Download or read book The economic stagnation in Japan in the 90s written by Henning Schmidt and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2007-02-05 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Economic Policy, grade: 70%, University of Hertfordshire (Business School), course: Economic Policy, language: English, abstract: This report will examine the economic stagnation in Japan in the 1990s. The second section will introduce the events in the 1990s and give the most important features, followed by a closer look at the chain of events, explaining what caused what in a chronological approach. From there, we will introduce a set of possible reasons for the depicted developments and the theoretical frameworks in the third and fourth section which will then lead to our conclusion based on the analysis given before, accommodating the conclusion of Krugman of Japan being in a liquidity trap in our findings. 2. Japan in the 90s - summarizing macroeconomic developments This section will introduce the phases considered, the building the “bubble” in the 80s, “burst” of the bubble in February 1991, continuous recession and seeming recovery in 1996 and renewed economic downturn from 1997 on until 2000, the end of the considered timeframe. a. Build-up of booming asset and real estate market - “bubble economy” Japans Economy in the 80s showed strong growth of above average, e.g. 4.1% ten year average growth in 1986 (Weinert, 2001, p. 461) and very low inflation (Baig, 2003, p. 5). Declining regulation of the financial sector and generally lax regulation led to a creditfuelled boom in the land- and asset-markets (Schrooten, 2000, p. 2). Within this process, the boom-financing bank-loans were built on collaterals of mostly land or stocks, accumulating risks in the loan books of the banks (Woo, 1999, p.7). b. “Burst” of the bubble By 1989, the Japanese stock market peaked, in 1992, land prices start to decline. Both are related to government intervention, the stock market was affected by a change of the discount rate by the Bank of Japan (BoJ) and the latter was influenced by a restriction of maximum loans to real estate in April 1990 (Baig, 2003, p. 8). The economic downturn in the aftermath was worsened by interconnection of bank loans and declining value of collaterals.

Japan's Bubble, Deflation, and Long-term Stagnation

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Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262014890
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Bubble, Deflation, and Long-term Stagnation by : Kōichi Hamada

Download or read book Japan's Bubble, Deflation, and Long-term Stagnation written by Kōichi Hamada and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New perspectives on Japan's "lost decade" viewed in the context of recent financial turmoil.

Japan's Great Stagnation

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Author :
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262083477
Total Pages : 287 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (62 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Great Stagnation by : Michael M. Hutchison

Download or read book Japan's Great Stagnation written by Michael M. Hutchison and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts on the Japanese economy examine Japan's prolonged period of economic underperformance, analyzing the ways in which the financial system, monetary policy, and international financial factors contributed to its onset and duration. After experiencing spectacular economic growth and industrial development for much of the postwar era, Japan plunged abruptly into recession in the early 1990s and since then has suffered a prolonged period of economic stagnation, from which it is only now emerging. Japan's malaise, marked by recession or weak economic activity, commodity and asset price deflation, banking failures, increased bankruptcies, and rising unemployment, has been the most sustained economic downturn seen in the industrial world since the 1930s. In Japan's Great Stagnation, experts on the Japanese economy consider key questions about the causes and effects of Japan's prolonged period of economic underperformance and what other advanced economies might learn from Japan's experience. They focus on aspects of the financial and banking system that have contributed to economic stagnation, the role of monetary policy, and the importance of international financial factors--in particular, the exchange rate and the balance of payments. Among the topics discussed are bank fragility and the inaccuracy of measuring it by the "Japan premium," the consequences of weak banking regulation, the controversial policy of "quantitative easing," and the effectiveness of currency devaluation for fighting deflation. Taken together, the contributions demonstrate the importance of a sound financial sector in fostering robust growth and healthy economies--and the enormous economic costs of a dysfunctional financial system. Contributors Yoichi Arai, Robert Dekle, Zekeriya Eser, Eiji Fujii, Kimie Harada, Takeo Hoshi, Michael M. Hutchison, Takatoshi Ito, Ken Kletzer, Nikolas Müller-Plantenberg, Kunio Okina, Joe Peek, Eric S. Rosengren, Shigenori Shiratsuka, Mark M. Spiegel, Frank Westermann, Nobuyoshi Yamori

Japan After Japan

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Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780822338130
Total Pages : 460 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (381 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan After Japan by : Tomiko Yoda

Download or read book Japan After Japan written by Tomiko Yoda and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2006-10-04 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scholars of history, anthropology, literature, and film explore the transformations in Japanese politics, culture, and society since Japans recession of the early 1990s.

Japan's Great Stagnation

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Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 0857938223
Total Pages : 229 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (579 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Great Stagnation by : W. R. Garside

Download or read book Japan's Great Stagnation written by W. R. Garside and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2012-01-01 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Recent events have rendered Japan's lost decades all the more relevant to the rest of us. Rick Garside, in this wide-ranging and accessible account, explores the political economy of Japan's great stagnation with an eye toward describing how other advanced economies can avoid going down the same path.' – Barry Eichengreen, University of California, Berkeley, US 'Professor Garside's timely book transcends the national preoccupation suggested by its title. From one viewpoint this is a case study (admittedly on a grand scale) of the experience of one country in one historical period. But in analyzing the dynamic relationship between Japan's post-war economic miracle and its chronic stagnation from the 1990's he offers a penetrating insight into the links between profound and embedded institutional and ideological influences, global upheaval, and almost disastrous national economic performance. Hence, Japan's Great Stagnation – the unfolding story of that country's declining experience from masterful economic power to seeming economic paralysis – provides us with an all-too familiar scenario with which to approach the contemporaneous ills of the world's developed economies. The interaction between banking crises, unwieldy institutions (especially, but not only, financial institutions), policy frailties, and stagnating demand – all conspired to create crisis and then handicap or prevent recovery. And the familiarity of the story is aggravated by the global financial crisis which now threatens to engulf us. History never fully repeats itself, but Professor Garside's illuminating examination of Japan's recent experiences must surely provide important points of relevance for the world's current malaise. He is to be congratulated on the depth and scope of what he has achieved – and for its relevance to what we are experiencing.' – Barry Supple, University of Cambridge, UK This timely book presents a critical examination of the developmental premises of Japan's high-growth success and its subsequent drift into recession, stagnation and piecemeal reform. The country, which within a few decades of wartime defeat mounted a serious challenge to American hegemony, appeared incapable of fully adjusting to shifting economic circumstance once the impulses of catch-up growth and the good fortune of an accommodating international environment faded. The banking crises, spiralling government debt, and stagnant growth experienced by major industrialized nations in recent years have evoked renewed interest in Japan's economic denouement since the 1990s. To many, Japan's drift into recession and financial crisis during the early 1990s, and later into stagnation and prolonged deflation, demonstrated precisely what not to do when fashioning remedial policy. This book details the legacies of Japan's high-growth success and how they affected Japan's capacity to cope with shifting national and international circumstance from the 1980s. It reviews the contentious debates over the causes and consequences of the 'bubble economy' and the 'lost decade', and assesses the extent to which reforms since 1997 have been compromised by lingering attachments to Japan's distinctive post-war political economy. Providing an analytical overview of both the high growth and recessionary periods and of subsequent reform agendas, this timely book will appeal to students, academics and researchers of economic history, development and politics, particularly those with an interest in Japan and Asian studies more generally.

Japan’s Lost Decade

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Author :
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 981105021X
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (11 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan’s Lost Decade by : Naoyuki Yoshino

Download or read book Japan’s Lost Decade written by Naoyuki Yoshino and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-09-20 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses Japan’s long-term economic recession and provides remedies for that recession that are useful for other Asian economies. The book addresses why Japan’s economy has stagnated since the bursting of its economic bubble in the 1990s. Its empirical analysis challenges the beliefs of some economists, such as Paul Krugman, that the Japanese economy is caught in a liquidity trap. This book argues that Japan’s economic stagnation stems from a vertical “investment–saving” (IS) curve rather than a liquidity trap. The impact of fiscal policy has declined drastically, and the Japanese economy faces structural problems rather than a temporary downturn. These structural problems have many causes: an aging demographic (a problem that is frequently overlooked), an over-reliance by local governments on transfers from the central government, and Basel capital requirements that have made Japanese banks reluctant to lend money to start-up businesses and small and medium-sized enterprises. This latter issue has discouraged Japanese innovation and technological progress. All these issues are addressed empirically and theoretically, and several remedies for Japan’s long-lasting recession are provided. This volume will be of interest to researchers and policy makers not only in Japan but also the People’s Republic of China, many countries in the eurozone, and the United States, which may face similar challenges in the future.

Economic Stagnation in Japan

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Author :
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1788110447
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (881 download)

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Book Synopsis Economic Stagnation in Japan by : Dongchul Cho

Download or read book Economic Stagnation in Japan written by Dongchul Cho and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan’s dramatic transformation from economic success to economic stagnation offers important policy lessons to advanced countries everywhere that are struggling with stagnation. The term ‘Japanization’ is often used by economists to describe long-term stagnation and deflation. Symptoms include high unemployment, weak economic activity, interest rates near zero, quantitative easing, and population aging. In the global context, what can governments do to mitigate the downward trends experienced by Japan? This judiciously timed book investigates in depth the causes of Japan’s ‘lost decades’ versus the real recovery achieved by the United States, and the lessons that can be learned.

The Japanese Banking Crisis of the 1990's

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 : 1451842406
Total Pages : 48 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (518 download)

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Book Synopsis The Japanese Banking Crisis of the 1990's by : Mr.Akihiro Kanaya

Download or read book The Japanese Banking Crisis of the 1990's written by Mr.Akihiro Kanaya and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For a large part of the past decade, Japan has witnessed a steady deterioration in the health of its banking system. This paper examines what went wrong and why it has taken so long for the system to recover. While the paper traces the roots of the crisis to accelerated deregulation and deepening of capital markets without an appropriate adjustment in the regulatory framework, it identifies weak corporate governance and regulatory forbearance as the two factors behind what might have been an unnecessary prolongation of the distress of the financial system.

Japan's Lost Decade

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Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 31 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (13 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Lost Decade by : Naoyuki Yoshino

Download or read book Japan's Lost Decade written by Naoyuki Yoshino and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan has suffered from sluggish economic growth and recession since the 1990s, a phenomenon dubbed "Japan's Lost Decade." The People's Republic of China, many countries in the eurozone, and the United States may face similar problems in future and they have been concerned by Japan's long-term recession. This paper will address why Japan's economy has stagnated since the bursting of its economic bubble. Our empirical analysis challenges the beliefs of some western economists, such as Paul Krugman, that the Japanese economy is in a liquidity trap. We argue that Japan's economic stagnation stems from a vertical IS curve rather than a liquidity trap. The impact of fiscal policy has declined drastically, and the Japanese economy faces structural problems rather than a temporary downturn. These structural problems have many causes: an aging demographic (a problem that is frequently overlooked), an over-reliance by local governments on transfers from the central government, and Basel capital requirements that have made Japanese banks reluctant to lend money to startup businesses and small and medium-sized enterprises. This latter issue has discouraged Japanese innovation and technological progress. The paper will address all these issues empirically and theoretically and will provide some remedies for Japan's long-lasting recession.

Japan's New Economy

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Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 0191589799
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (915 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's New Economy by : Magnus Blomström

Download or read book Japan's New Economy written by Magnus Blomström and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2001-01-25 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Japan's economy stumbled in the 1990s. After four decades of rapid growth that transformed Japan into a wealthy country at the world's technological frontier, the last decade brought prolonged economic stagnation. The rapid run-up in asset prices in the late 1980s, followed by their collapse in the early 1990s, left a debt overhang that paralyzed the banking sector. Policy reforms were initially half-hearted, and businesses were slow to restructure as the global economy changed. The lagging economy has seemed impervious to aggressive fiscal stimulus measures and is still plagued by ongoing price deflation. Japan's struggle has called into question the ability of the country's economic institutions - originally designed to support factor accumulation and rapid development - to adapt to the new economic environment of the 21st century. Yet Japan's economy is already changing. Driven by an aging population, rapid technological change, and increasing global competition, the country's public and private institutions are being slowly reshaped. This volume explores the forces that will drive structural and institutional change in three areas over the next decade: the macroeconomy, the organization of industry, and the global economic and political environment. Economists, demographers, and Japan specialists examine key aspects of the economy that will be transformed in coming years, including population and savings, the public pension system, labor markets, financial reforms, deregulation of service industries, productivity performance, foreign investment, trade, and the impact of an emerging China. The volume fills an important gap in the existing economic literature. While much has been written about Japan's pre-1990s institutions and economic performance, this volume is unique in its forward-looking orientation - trying to understand not only the institutional and structural changes that have already reshaped Japan in the 1990s, but to identify the critical trends and institutional changes that will mould Japan's new economy over the next decade.

Restoring Japan's Economic Growth

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Author :
Publisher : Peterson Institute
ISBN 13 : 9780881322620
Total Pages : 216 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (226 download)

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Book Synopsis Restoring Japan's Economic Growth by : Adam Simon Posen

Download or read book Restoring Japan's Economic Growth written by Adam Simon Posen and published by Peterson Institute. This book was released on 1998 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Criticism of current Japanese macroeconomic and financial policies is so wide spread that the reasons for it are assumed to be self-evident. In this volume, Adam Posen explains in depth why a shift in Japanese fiscal and monetary policies, as well as financial reform, would be in Japan's self-interest. He demonstrates that Japanese economic stagnation in the 1990s is the result of mistaken fiscal austerity and financial laissez-faire rather than a structural decline of the "Japan Model." The author outlines a program for putting the country back on the path to solid economic growth - primarily through permanent tax cuts and monetary stabilization - and draws broader lessons from the recent Japanese policy actions that led to the country's continuing stagnation.

Japan's Stagnant Nineties

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Author :
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 30 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Stagnant Nineties by : Ramana Ramaswamy

Download or read book Japan's Stagnant Nineties written by Ramana Ramaswamy and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1999-04 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Japanese economy is currently experiencing its worst post-war recession. Output contracted significantly in each of the first three quarters of 1998. The current decline in activity follows on the heels of a seven year period in which the Japanese economy grew at an average rate of just about 11/2 percent a year. The tepid economic performance of recent years contrasts starkly with the average growth rate of about 4 percent achieved during the 1980s. Moreover, the prolonged stagnation of activity in Japan in the nineties has resulted in the most obvious desynchronization of the economic cycle among the major industrial countries in the post-war period.

Japan

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Author :
Publisher : NYU Press
ISBN 13 : 1479889385
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (798 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan by : Frank Baldwin

Download or read book Japan written by Frank Baldwin and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 2015-12-15 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A joint publication of the Social Science Research Council and New York University Press."

Untying the Knot

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Author :
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
ISBN 13 : 0815797818
Total Pages : 435 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (157 download)

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Book Synopsis Untying the Knot by : Richard C. Bush

Download or read book Untying the Knot written by Richard C. Bush and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2005-11-01 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between Taiwan and China is a paradox. On the one hand, the two economies are becoming increasingly integrated, as Taiwanese companies have come to regard the mainland as the best place to manufacture their products and maintain global competitiveness. On the other hand, the long-running and changing political dispute between the two governments remains unresolved. Each side fears the intentions of the other and is acquiring military capabilities to deter disaster. In its pursuit of peace in the Taiwan Strait, the United States could get drawn into a war between the two rivals. Richard C. Bush, whose career has been dedicated to Taiwan-China issues, explores the conflicts between these nations and the difficulties that must be resolved. Disagreements over sovereignty and security form the core of the dispute. What would be the legal status and international role of the Taiwan government in a future unified China? Given China's growing military power, how could Taiwan feel secure? Complicating these issues are domestic politics and international competition, as well as misperceptions on both sides. Thus multiple obstacles prevent the two sides from even getting to the negotiating table, much less reaching a mutually acceptable resolution. For reasons of policy and politics, the United States is constrained from a central role. To begin with, it must provide China with some reassurance about its policy in order to secure cooperation on foreign policy issues. At the same time, it must bolster Taiwan's political confidence and military deterrence while discouraging provocative actions. The arcane nature of this dispute severely restricts the role of the United States as conflict mediator. But if there is to be any solution to this conflict, the comprehensive analysis that this book provides will be required reading for effective policy.

Japan's Lost Decade

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789811050206
Total Pages : 176 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (52 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Lost Decade by : Naoyuki Yoshino

Download or read book Japan's Lost Decade written by Naoyuki Yoshino and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Japan's Economic Dilemma

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Author :
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521793735
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (937 download)

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Book Synopsis Japan's Economic Dilemma by : Bai Gao

Download or read book Japan's Economic Dilemma written by Bai Gao and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2001-08-27 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Japanese economy, after decades of seemingly unsurpassable competitiveness, experienced a major crisis in the 1990s. Observers of Japan are faced with a challenging question: How can one explain Japan's reversal from stunning prosperity to dismal stagnation? Bai Gao, in this illuminating, comprehensive analysis of Japan's economic story goes beyond other analyses to demonstrate how the same economic institutions could produce both stunning economic success and the slump of the 1990s. By comparing the factors that sustained miracle growth in Japan in the 1960s and 1970s with the factors that led to the bubble economy of the late 1980s, Gao sheds new light on internal tensions in the Japanese economic system and how, finally, they 'burst the bubble' in the 1990s. Those who have been following the lively debate over 'What Became of the Japanese Miracle?' will be rewarded by Gao's richly detailed, historically informed, and multilayered contribution.

21st Century Innovation Systems for Japan and the United States

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Author :
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309136628
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis 21st Century Innovation Systems for Japan and the United States by : National Research Council

Download or read book 21st Century Innovation Systems for Japan and the United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-05-15 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing that a capacity to innovate and commercialize new high-technology products is increasingly a key for the economic growth in the environment of tighter environmental and resource constraints, governments around the world have taken active steps to strengthen their national innovation systems. These steps underscore the belief of these governments that the rising costs and risks associated with new potentially high-payoff technologies, their spillover or externality-generating effects and the growing global competition, require national R&D programs to support the innovations by new and existing high-technology firms within their borders. The National Research Council's Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP) has embarked on a study of selected foreign innovation programs in comparison with major U.S. programs. The "21st Century Innovation Systems for the United States and Japan: Lessons from a Decade of Change" symposium reviewed government programs and initiatives to support the development of small- and medium-sized enterprises, government-university- industry collaboration and consortia, and the impact of the intellectual property regime on innovation. This book brings together the papers presented at the conference and provides a historical context of the issues discussed at the symposium.