The Computer As A Tool For Theory Development

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The Computer as a Tool for Theory Development

Author : JOHN T. GULLAHORN
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (227 download)

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Book Synopsis The Computer as a Tool for Theory Development by : JOHN T. GULLAHORN

Download or read book The Computer as a Tool for Theory Development written by JOHN T. GULLAHORN and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research involving computer simulation not only plays the passive role of verifying and testing theory; it performs active functions for the development of theory. Formulating a theory as a computer model affords one a relatively tractable representation and possibly a more meaningful conceptualization, having increased precision as a result of the clarification of concepts necessitated by the programming process. Furthermore, a unique opportunity is provided by the modern digital computer's capacity to generate the programmed model's dynamic implications. In a computer run investigating a theory's processes it is not unlikely that unanticipated, anomalous, and strategic data may result and become the occasion for developing a new theory or for extending the existing model. (Author).

Funding a Revolution

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309062780
Total Pages : 300 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Funding a Revolution by : National Research Council

Download or read book Funding a Revolution written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-02-11 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The past 50 years have witnessed a revolution in computing and related communications technologies. The contributions of industry and university researchers to this revolution are manifest; less widely recognized is the major role the federal government played in launching the computing revolution and sustaining its momentum. Funding a Revolution examines the history of computing since World War II to elucidate the federal government's role in funding computing research, supporting the education of computer scientists and engineers, and equipping university research labs. It reviews the economic rationale for government support of research, characterizes federal support for computing research, and summarizes key historical advances in which government-sponsored research played an important role. Funding a Revolution contains a series of case studies in relational databases, the Internet, theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality that demonstrate the complex interactions among government, universities, and industry that have driven the field. It offers a series of lessons that identify factors contributing to the success of the nation's computing enterprise and the government's role within it.

Context and Consciousness

Author : Bonnie A. Nardi
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262140584
Total Pages : 428 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Context and Consciousness by : Bonnie A. Nardi

Download or read book Context and Consciousness written by Bonnie A. Nardi and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work brings together a collection of 13 contributions that apply activity theory - a psychological theory with a naturalistic emphasis - to problems of human-computer interaction. It presents activity theory as a means of structuring and guiding field studies of human-computer interaction.

The Cognitive Dynamics of Computer Science

Author : Szabolcs Michael de Gyurky
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0470036435
Total Pages : 314 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cognitive Dynamics of Computer Science by : Szabolcs Michael de Gyurky

Download or read book The Cognitive Dynamics of Computer Science written by Szabolcs Michael de Gyurky and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-06-30 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A groundbreaking, unifying theory of computer science for low-cost, high-quality software The Cognitive Dynamics of Computer Science represents the culmination of more than thirty years of the author's hands-on experience in software development, which has resulted in a remarkable and sensible philosophy and practice of software development. It provides a groundbreaking ontology of computer science, while describing the processes, methodologies, and constructs needed to build high-quality, large-scale computer software systems on schedule and on budget. Based on his own experience in developing successful, low-cost software projects, the author makes a persuasive argument for developers to understand the philosophical underpinnings of software. He asserts that software in reality is an abstraction of the human thought system. The author draws from the seminal works of the great German philosophers--Kant, Hegel, and Schopenhauer--and recasts their theories of human mind and thought to create a unifying theory of computer science, cognitive dynamics, that opens the door to the next generation of computer science and forms the basic architecture for total autonomy. * Four detailed cases studies effectively demonstrate how philosophy and practice merge to meet the objective of high-quality, low-cost software. * The Autonomous Cognitive System chapter sets forth a model for a completely autonomous computer system, using the human thought system as the model for functional architecture and the human thought process as the model for the functional data process. * Although rooted in philosophy, this book is practical, addressing all the key areas that software professionals need to master in order to remain competitive and minimize costs, such as leadership, management, communication, and organization. This thought-provoking work will change the way students and professionals in computer science and software development conceptualize and perform their work. It provides them with both a philosophy and a set of practical tools to produce high-quality, low-cost software.

Game Theory and Its Application to the Social Sciences

Author : United States. Department of State. External Research Staff
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Game Theory and Its Application to the Social Sciences by : United States. Department of State. External Research Staff

Download or read book Game Theory and Its Application to the Social Sciences written by United States. Department of State. External Research Staff and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Encyclopedia of Human Development

Author : Neil J. Salkind
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1452265399
Total Pages : 1617 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (522 download)

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Book Synopsis Encyclopedia of Human Development by : Neil J. Salkind

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Human Development written by Neil J. Salkind and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2005-10-14 with total page 1617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of human development focuses on the growth and development of the human being including physical, social, psychological, and emotional development. Under the broad umbrella of the term human development you find countless topics that range from charting the emotional attachment of an infant to his or her parents and its long-term effects on well-being, media violence and adolescents′ behavior, or factors moderating the natural decline in physical and mental abilities associated with aging. The Encyclopedia of Human Development is the first comprehensive, authoritative, and informative reference work that presents state-of-the-art research and ready-to-use facts from the fields of psychology, individual and family studies, and education in a way that is not too technical. With more than 600 entries, this three-volume Encyclopedia covers topics as diverse as adolescence, cognitive development, education, family, gender differences, identity, longitudinal research, personality development, prenatal development, temperament, and more. Key Features Provides cross-disciplinary coverage, with contributions from experts in the fields of psychology, education, human development and family studies, and gerontology Highlights classic studies and theories and provides brief biographies of notable researchers and theorists Takes a lifespan approach by including several "anchor essays" that cover specific phases of development such as prenatal, infancy, childhood, adolescence, early and middle adulthood, later adulthood and aging Begins with an Introduction that details the scope, rationale, and audience for the work The cross-disciplinary field of human development is one that captures interest among and holds practical relevance for the general public as well as academia, therefore this engaging Encyclopedia will be a welcome addition to any academic or public library.

Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences

Author : Alexander L. George
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262262894
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (622 download)

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Book Synopsis Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences by : Alexander L. George

Download or read book Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences written by Alexander L. George and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2005-04-15 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of case studies to build and test theories in political science and the other social sciences has increased in recent years. Many scholars have argued that the social sciences rely too heavily on quantitative research and formal models and have attempted to develop and refine rigorous methods for using case studies. This text presents a comprehensive analysis of research methods using case studies and examines the place of case studies in social science methodology. It argues that case studies, statistical methods, and formal models are complementary rather than competitive. The book explains how to design case study research that will produce results useful to policymakers and emphasizes the importance of developing policy-relevant theories. It offers three major contributions to case study methodology: an emphasis on the importance of within-case analysis, a detailed discussion of process tracing, and development of the concept of typological theories. Case Studies and Theory Development in the Social Sciences will be particularly useful to graduate students and scholars in social science methodology and the philosophy of science, as well as to those designing new research projects, and will contribute greatly to the broader debate about scientific methods.

Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice

Author : Ulrich W. Kulisch
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 1483264734
Total Pages : 268 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (832 download)

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Book Synopsis Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice by : Ulrich W. Kulisch

Download or read book Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice written by Ulrich W. Kulisch and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer Arithmetic in Theory and Practice deals with computer arithmetic and the various implementations of the entire arithmetic package on diverse processors, including microprocessors. It illustrates the importance of theoretical development in the sound implementation of arithmetic on computers, and argues that such an implementation requires the establishment of various isomorphisms between different definitions of arithmetic operations. Comprised of seven chapters, this volume begins with an introduction to the theory of computer arithmetic by giving an axiomatic characterization of the essential properties of sets and subsets; complete lattices and complete subnets; screens and roundings; and arithmetic operations. The discussion then turns to the concepts of a ringoid and a vectoid as well as those of ordered or weakly ordered ringoids and vectoids; interval arithmetic; and floating-point arithmetic. The operations in interval spaces are defined by means of semimorphisms. The final chapter shows how to embed the five basic data types (integer, real, complex, real interval, and complex interval) together with the arithmetic operations that are defined for all of these types into existing higher programming languages. This book will be helpful to students and practitioners in the fields of computer science and applied mathematics.

Constructivism in the Computer Age

Author : George Forman
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1134736266
Total Pages : 259 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (347 download)

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Book Synopsis Constructivism in the Computer Age by : George Forman

Download or read book Constructivism in the Computer Age written by George Forman and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2013-05-13 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discussing the future value of computers as tools for cognitive development, the volume reviews past literature and presents new data from a Piagetian perspective. Constructivism in the Computer Age includes such topics as: teaching LOGO to children; the computers effects on social development; computer graphics as a new language; and computers as a means of enhancing reflective thinking.

Design Theory and Methods using CAD/CAE

Author : Kuang-Hua Chang
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0123985161
Total Pages : 517 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Design Theory and Methods using CAD/CAE by : Kuang-Hua Chang

Download or read book Design Theory and Methods using CAD/CAE written by Kuang-Hua Chang and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-10-11 with total page 517 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fourth book of a four-part series, Design Theory and Methods using CAD/CAE integrates discussion of modern engineering design principles, advanced design tools, and industrial design practices throughout the design process. This is the first book to integrate discussion of computer design tools throughout the design process. Through this book series, the reader will: Understand basic design principles and all digital modern engineering design paradigms Understand CAD/CAE/CAM tools available for various design related tasks Understand how to put an integrated system together to conduct All Digital Design (ADD) product design using the paradigms and tools Understand industrial practices in employing ADD virtual engineering design and tools for product development The first book to integrate discussion of computer design tools throughout the design process Demonstrates how to define a meaningful design problem and conduct systematic design using computer-based tools that will lead to a better, improved design Fosters confidence and competency to compete in industry, especially in high-tech companies and design departments

Computational Organization Theory

Author : Kathleen M. Carley
Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317781163
Total Pages : 337 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (177 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Organization Theory by : Kathleen M. Carley

Download or read book Computational Organization Theory written by Kathleen M. Carley and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2014-03-05 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents an advance in our understanding of how to represent and reason about organizational phenomena. Although organizational theorists have long grappled with the complexities of adaptive agents, ecological systems, and non-linear relations among the basic elements of organizational design, they have not, until recently, had the tools to grapple with these complex relationships. Recent advances in logic, symbolic programming, network analysis, and computer technology have made possible a series of tools that can be used to understand the complexities of organizational behavior. New computational techniques make it possible to develop and test more realistic models of organizational behavior. This volume offers examples of this new breed of models, and provides insight into how these advances and techniques can be used to extend our theoretical understanding of organizations. Authored by leading researchers in the area of computational organization theory, the various chapters demonstrate the value of computational analysis for organizational theory and advance our understanding of the relationship between organizational design and performance. This book contains both theoretical and methodological contributions that enable organizational theorists to use computational and mathematical techniques to systematically address the complex relationships that underlie organizational life. It also presents new -- or sometimes, renewed -- approaches on how to conduct organizational research from multiple formal perspectives including: simulation, numerical analysis, symbolic logic, mathematical modeling, and graph theory.

The Pillars of Computation Theory

Author : Arnold L. Rosenberg
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387096396
Total Pages : 331 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (87 download)

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Book Synopsis The Pillars of Computation Theory by : Arnold L. Rosenberg

Download or read book The Pillars of Computation Theory written by Arnold L. Rosenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-10-27 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The abstract branch of theoretical computer science known as Computation Theory typically appears in undergraduate academic curricula in a form that obscures both the mathematical concepts that are central to the various components of the theory and the relevance of the theory to the typical student. This regrettable situation is due largely to the thematic tension among three main competing principles for organizing the material in the course. This book is motivated by the belief that a deep understanding of, and operational control over, the few "big" mathematical ideas that underlie Computation Theory is the best way to enable the typical student to assimilate the "big" ideas of Computation Theory into her daily computational life.

Activity Theory in HCI

Author : Victor Kaptelinin
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031021967
Total Pages : 123 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Activity Theory in HCI by : Victor Kaptelinin

Download or read book Activity Theory in HCI written by Victor Kaptelinin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Activity theory -- a conceptual framework originally developed by Aleksei Leontiev -- has its roots in the socio-cultural tradition in Russian psychology. The foundational concept of the theory is human activity, which is understood as purposeful, mediated, and transformative interaction between human beings and the world. Since the early 1990s, activity theory has been a visible landmark in the theoretical landscape of Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). Along with some other frameworks, such as distributed cognition and phenomenology, it established itself as a leading post-cognitivist approach in HCI and interaction design. In this book we discuss the conceptual foundations of activity theory and its contribution to HCI research. After making the case for theory in HCI and briefly discussing the contribution of activity theory to the field (Chapter One) we introduce the historical roots, main ideas, and principles of activity theory (Chapter Two). After that we present in-depth analyses of three issues which we consider of special importance to current developments in HCI and interaction design, namely: agency (Chapter Three), experience (Chapter Four), and activity-centric computing (Chapter Five). We conclude the book with reflections on challenges and prospects for further development of activity theory in HCI (Chapter Six). Table of Contents: Introduction: Activity theory and the changing face of HCI / Basic concepts and principles of activity theory / Agency / Activity and experience / Activity-centric computing / Activity theory and the development of HCI

Theory Construction and Model-Building Skills

Author : James Jaccard
Publisher : Guilford Publications
ISBN 13 : 1462542433
Total Pages : 545 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (625 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory Construction and Model-Building Skills by : James Jaccard

Download or read book Theory Construction and Model-Building Skills written by James Jaccard and published by Guilford Publications. This book was released on 2020-02-06 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book provides young scientists with tools to assist them in the practical aspects of theory construction. We take an informal journey through the cognitive heuristics, tricks of the trade, and ways of thinking that we have found to be useful in developing theories-essentially, conceptualizations-that can advance knowledge in the social sciences. This book is intended to provide the instructor with a useful source for helping students come up with ideas for research and for fine-tuning the resultant theories that emerge from such thinking. An objective of this book is to move toward a needed balance in the emphases given to theory construction and theory testing"--

Tools for Thought

Author : Howard Rheingold
Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262681155
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (811 download)

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Book Synopsis Tools for Thought by : Howard Rheingold

Download or read book Tools for Thought written by Howard Rheingold and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2000-04-13 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a highly engaging style, Rheingold tells the story of what he calls the patriarchs, pioneers, and infonauts of the computer, focusing in particular on such pioneers as J. C. R. Licklider, Doug Engelbart, Bob Taylor, and Alan Kay. The digital revolution did not begin with the teenage millionaires of Silicon Valley, claims Howard Rheingold, but with such early intellectual giants as Charles Babbage, George Boole, and John von Neumann. In a highly engaging style, Rheingold tells the story of what he calls the patriarchs, pioneers, and infonauts of the computer, focusing in particular on such pioneers as J. C. R. Licklider, Doug Engelbart, Bob Taylor, and Alan Kay. Taking the reader step by step from nineteenth-century mathematics to contemporary computing, he introduces a fascinating collection of eccentrics, mavericks, geniuses, and visionaries. The book was originally published in 1985, and Rheingold's attempt to envision computing in the 1990s turns out to have been remarkably prescient. This edition contains an afterword, in which Rheingold interviews some of the pioneers discussed in the book. As an exercise in what he calls "retrospective futurism," Rheingold also looks back at how he looked forward.

Handbook of Sociological Theory

Author : Jonathan H. Turner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387362746
Total Pages : 731 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Sociological Theory by : Jonathan H. Turner

Download or read book Handbook of Sociological Theory written by Jonathan H. Turner and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-11-22 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This wide-ranging handbook presents in-depth discussions on the array of subspecialties that comprise the field of sociological theory. Prominent theorists working in a variety of traditions discuss methodologies and strategies; the cultural turn in sociological theorizing; interaction processes; theorizing from the systemic and macro level; new directions in evolutionary theorizing; power, conflict, and change; and theorizing from assumptions of rationality.

Theory and Applications of Dependable Computer Systems

Author : Wojciech Zamojski
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3030482561
Total Pages : 730 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Theory and Applications of Dependable Computer Systems by : Wojciech Zamojski

Download or read book Theory and Applications of Dependable Computer Systems written by Wojciech Zamojski and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-05-21 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents selected papers from the Fifteenth International Conference on Dependability of Computer Systems (DepCoS-RELCOMEX), which illustrate the diversity of theoretical problems in analysis of performability, reliability and security of contemporary computer systems. Covering also methodologies and practical tools involved in this field, it is a valuable reference resource for scientists, researchers, practitioners and students who are dealing with these subjects. Established in 2006, DepCoS-RELCOMEX is an annual conference series organised by Wrocław University of Science and Technology. It focuses on the dependability and performability of contemporary computer systems – topics that can provide solutions to new challenges in evaluation of their reliability and efficiency. Since they are probably the most complex technical systems ever engineered by humans, the organization of modern computer systems cannot be modelled and analysed solely as structures (however complex and distributed) built only on the basis of technical resources. Instead they should be considered as a unique blend of interacting people (their needs and behaviours), networks (together with mobile properties, iCloud organisation, Internet of Everything) and a large number of users dispersed geographically and producing an unimaginable number of applications. This new, interdisciplinary approach is developing a continually increasing range of methods which apply also the latest findings in artificial intelligence (AI) and computational intelligence (CI).