The Cia And The Congress For Cultural Freedom In The Early Cold War

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The CIA and the Congress for Cultural Freedom in the Early Cold War

Author : Sarah Miller Harris
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317365321
Total Pages : 353 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis The CIA and the Congress for Cultural Freedom in the Early Cold War by : Sarah Miller Harris

Download or read book The CIA and the Congress for Cultural Freedom in the Early Cold War written by Sarah Miller Harris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book questions the conventional wisdom about one of the most controversial episodes in the Cold War, and tells the story of the CIA's backing of the Congress for Cultural Freedom. For nearly two decades during the early Cold War, the CIA secretly sponsored some of the world’s most feted writers, philosophers, and scientists as part of a campaign to prevent Communism from regaining a foothold in Western Europe and from spreading to Asia. By backing the Congress for Cultural Freedom, the CIA subsidized dozens of prominent magazines, global congresses, annual seminars, and artistic festivals. When this operation (QKOPERA) became public in 1967, it ignited one of the most damaging scandals in CIA history. Ever since then, many accounts have argued that the CIA manipulated a generation of intellectuals into lending their names to pro-American, anti-Communist ideas. Others have suggested a more nuanced picture of the relationship between the Congress and the CIA, with intellectuals sometimes resisting the CIA's bidding. Very few accounts, however, have examined the man who held the Congress together: Michael Josselson, the Congress’s indispensable manager—and, secretly, a long time CIA agent. This book fills that gap. Using a wealth of archival research and interviews with many of the figures associated with the Congress, this book sheds new light on how the Congress came into existence and functioned, both as a magnet for prominent intellectuals and as a CIA operation. This book will be of much interest to students of the CIA, Cold War History, intelligence studies, US foreign policy and International Relations in general.

The Cultural Cold War

Author : Frances Stonor Saunders
Publisher : New Press, The
ISBN 13 : 1595589147
Total Pages : 458 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (955 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cultural Cold War by : Frances Stonor Saunders

Download or read book The Cultural Cold War written by Frances Stonor Saunders and published by New Press, The. This book was released on 2013-11-05 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the Cold War, freedom of expression was vaunted as liberal democracy’s most cherished possession—but such freedom was put in service of a hidden agenda. In The Cultural Cold War, Frances Stonor Saunders reveals the extraordinary efforts of a secret campaign in which some of the most vocal exponents of intellectual freedom in the West were working for or subsidized by the CIA—whether they knew it or not. Called "the most comprehensive account yet of the [CIA’s] activities between 1947 and 1967" by the New York Times, the book presents shocking evidence of the CIA’s undercover program of cultural interventions in Western Europe and at home, drawing together declassified documents and exclusive interviews to expose the CIA’s astonishing campaign to deploy the likes of Hannah Arendt, Isaiah Berlin, Leonard Bernstein, Robert Lowell, George Orwell, and Jackson Pollock as weapons in the Cold War. Translated into ten languages, this classic work—now with a new preface by the author—is "a real contribution to popular understanding of the postwar period" (The Wall Street Journal), and its story of covert cultural efforts to win hearts and minds continues to be relevant today.

Intelligence Studies in Britain and the US

Author : Christopher R. Moran
Publisher : Edinburgh University Press
ISBN 13 : 0748677569
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (486 download)

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Book Synopsis Intelligence Studies in Britain and the US by : Christopher R. Moran

Download or read book Intelligence Studies in Britain and the US written by Christopher R. Moran and published by Edinburgh University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-31 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first introduction to writing about intelligence and intelligence services. Secrecy has never stopped people from writing about intelligence. From memoirs and academic texts to conspiracy-laden exposes and spy novels, writing on intelligence abounds. Now, this new account uncovers intelligence historiography's hugely important role in shaping popular understandings and the social memory of intelligence. In this first introduction to these official and unofficial histories, a range of leading contributors narrate and interpret the development of intelligence studies as a discipline. Each chapter showcases new archival material, looking at a particular book or series of books and considering issues of production, censorship, representation and reception.

The Politics of Apolitical Culture

Author : Giles Scott-Smith
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134541694
Total Pages : 312 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (345 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics of Apolitical Culture by : Giles Scott-Smith

Download or read book The Politics of Apolitical Culture written by Giles Scott-Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-08-27 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses a key episode in the cultural Cold War - the formation of the Congress for Cultural Freedom. Whilst the Congress was established to defend cultural values and freedom of expression in the Cold War Struggle, its close association with the CIA later undermined its claims to intellectual independence or non-political autonomy. By examining the formation of the Congress and its early years of existence in relation to broader issues of US-European relations, Giles Scott-Smith reveals a more complex interpretation of the story. The Politics of Apolitical Culture provides an in-depth picture of the various links between the political, economic and cultural realms which led to the Congress.

Parapolitics

Author : Anselm Franke
Publisher : National Geographic Books
ISBN 13 : 3956795083
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Parapolitics by : Anselm Franke

Download or read book Parapolitics written by Anselm Franke and published by National Geographic Books. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An examination of the use of modernism in the twentieth-century battle for US hegemony, through the activities of the CIA-funded Congress for Cultural Freedom. Parapolitics confronts the contemporary fate of intellectual autonomy and artistic freedom by revisiting the use of modernism in the twentieth-century battle for US hegemony. It builds on a major exhibition at Haus der Kulturen der Welt (2017–18) that took as its starting point the Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF)—an organization covertly funded by the Central Intelligence Agency in order to steer the Left away from its remaining commitment to communism. Paying particular attention to CCF activities in the non-European world during a period of decolonization and the Civil Rights Movement, Parapolitics assembles archival documentation from five continents alongside a selection of historical artworks to explore the context in which artists negotiated the framing and meaning of their work. A rich reference book for future researchers and everybody interested in the legacy of modernism, the publication also presents more than thirty newly commissioned contributions by contemporary artists and scholars.

Finks

Author : Joel Whitney
Publisher : OR Books
ISBN 13 : 1682190250
Total Pages : 427 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (821 download)

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Book Synopsis Finks by : Joel Whitney

Download or read book Finks written by Joel Whitney and published by OR Books. This book was released on 2017-01-03 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: When news broke that the CIA had colluded with literary magazines to produce cultural propaganda throughout the Cold War, a debate began that has never been resolved. The story continues to unfold, with the reputations of some of America’s best-loved literary figures—including Peter Matthiessen, George Plimpton, and Richard Wright—tarnished as their work for the intelligence agency has come to light. Finks is a tale of two CIAs, and how they blurred the line between propaganda and literature. One CIA created literary magazines that promoted American and European writers and cultural freedom, while the other toppled governments, using assassination and censorship as political tools. Defenders of the “cultural” CIA argue that it should have been lauded for boosting interest in the arts and freedom of thought, but the two CIAs had the same undercover goals, and shared many of the same methods: deception, subterfuge and intimidation. Finks demonstrates how the good-versus-bad CIA is a false divide, and that the cultural Cold Warriors again and again used anti-Communism as a lever to spy relentlessly on leftists, and indeed writers of all political inclinations, and thereby pushed U.S. democracy a little closer to the Soviet model of the surveillance state. p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; line-height: 15.0px; font: 13.0px Helvetica; color: #323333; -webkit-text-stroke: #323333} p.p2 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; line-height: 15.0px; font: 13.0px Helvetica; color: #323333; -webkit-text-stroke: #323333; min-height: 16.0px} span.s1 {font-kerning: none}

Indonesian Notebook

Author : Brian Russell Roberts
Publisher : Duke University Press
ISBN 13 : 0822374641
Total Pages : 293 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (223 download)

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Book Synopsis Indonesian Notebook by : Brian Russell Roberts

Download or read book Indonesian Notebook written by Brian Russell Roberts and published by Duke University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-10 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While Richard Wright's account of the 1955 Bandung Conference has been key to shaping Afro-Asian historical narratives, Indonesian accounts of Wright and his conference attendance have been largely overlooked. Indonesian Notebook contains myriad documents by Indonesian writers, intellectuals, and reporters, as well as a newly recovered lecture by Wright, previously published only in Indonesian. Brian Russell Roberts and Keith Foulcher introduce and contextualize these documents with extensive background information and analysis, showcasing the heterogeneity of postcolonial modernity and underscoring the need to consider non-English language perspectives in transnational cultural exchanges. This collection of primary sources and scholarly histories is a crucial companion volume to Wright'sThe Color Curtain.

Neither Peace Nor Freedom

Author : Patrick Iber
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674286049
Total Pages : 336 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (742 download)

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Book Synopsis Neither Peace Nor Freedom by : Patrick Iber

Download or read book Neither Peace Nor Freedom written by Patrick Iber and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patrick Iber tells the story of left-wing Latin American artists, writers, and scholars who worked as diplomats, advised rulers, opposed dictators, and even led nations during the Cold War. Ultimately, they could not break free from the era’s rigid binaries, and found little room to promote their social democratic ideals without compromising them.

America and the Intellectual Cold Wars in Europe

Author : Volker R. Berghahn
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691186189
Total Pages : 394 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis America and the Intellectual Cold Wars in Europe by : Volker R. Berghahn

Download or read book America and the Intellectual Cold Wars in Europe written by Volker R. Berghahn and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2018-06-05 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1958, Shepard Stone, then directing the Ford Foundation's International Affairs program, suggested that his staff "measure" America's cultural impact in Europe. He wanted to determine whether efforts to improve opinions of American culture were yielding good returns. Taking Stone's career as a point of departure and frequent return, Volker Berghahn examines the triangular relationship between the producers of ideas and ideologies, corporate America, and Washington policymakers at a peculiar juncture of U.S. history. He also looks across the Atlantic, at the Western European intellectuals, politicians, and businessmen with whom these Americans were in frequent contact. While shattered materially and psychologically by World War II, educated Europeans did not shed their opinions about the inferiority, vulgarity, and commercialism of American culture. American elites--particularly the East Coast establishment--deeply resented this condescension. They believed that the United States had two culture wars to win: one against the Soviet Bloc as part of the larger struggle against communism and the other against deeply rooted negative views of America as a civilization. To triumph, they spent large sums of money on overt and covert activities, from tours of American orchestras to the often secret funding of European publications and intellectual congresses by the CIA. At the center of these activities were the Ford Foundation, the Congress for Cultural Freedom, and Washington's agents of cultural diplomacy. This was a world of Ivy League academics and East Coast intellectuals, of American philanthropic organizations and their backers in big business, of U.S. government agencies and their counterparts across the Atlantic. This book uses Shepard Stone as a window to this world in which the European-American relationship was hammered out in cultural terms--an arena where many of the twentieth century's major intellectual trends and conflicts unfolded.

The CIA and the Congress for Cultural Freedom in the Early Cold War

Author : Sarah Miller Harris
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 131736533X
Total Pages : 209 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (173 download)

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Book Synopsis The CIA and the Congress for Cultural Freedom in the Early Cold War by : Sarah Miller Harris

Download or read book The CIA and the Congress for Cultural Freedom in the Early Cold War written by Sarah Miller Harris and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-08-05 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book questions the conventional wisdom about one of the most controversial episodes in the Cold War, and tells the story of the CIA's backing of the Congress for Cultural Freedom. For nearly two decades during the early Cold War, the CIA secretly sponsored some of the world’s most feted writers, philosophers, and scientists as part of a campaign to prevent Communism from regaining a foothold in Western Europe and from spreading to Asia. By backing the Congress for Cultural Freedom, the CIA subsidized dozens of prominent magazines, global congresses, annual seminars, and artistic festivals. When this operation (QKOPERA) became public in 1967, it ignited one of the most damaging scandals in CIA history. Ever since then, many accounts have argued that the CIA manipulated a generation of intellectuals into lending their names to pro-American, anti-Communist ideas. Others have suggested a more nuanced picture of the relationship between the Congress and the CIA, with intellectuals sometimes resisting the CIA's bidding. Very few accounts, however, have examined the man who held the Congress together: Michael Josselson, the Congress’s indispensable manager—and, secretly, a long time CIA agent. This book fills that gap. Using a wealth of archival research and interviews with many of the figures associated with the Congress, this book sheds new light on how the Congress came into existence and functioned, both as a magnet for prominent intellectuals and as a CIA operation. This book will be of much interest to students of the CIA, Cold War History, intelligence studies, US foreign policy and International Relations in general.

Archives of Authority

Author : Andrew N. Rubin
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400842174
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Archives of Authority by : Andrew N. Rubin

Download or read book Archives of Authority written by Andrew N. Rubin and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2012-08-16 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combining literary, cultural, and political history, and based on extensive archival research, including previously unseen FBI and CIA documents, Archives of Authority argues that cultural politics--specifically America's often covert patronage of the arts--played a highly important role in the transfer of imperial authority from Britain to the United States during a critical period after World War II. Andrew Rubin argues that this transfer reshaped the postwar literary space and he shows how, during this time, new and efficient modes of cultural transmission, replication, and travel--such as radio and rapidly and globally circulated journals--completely transformed the position occupied by the postwar writer and the role of world literature. Rubin demonstrates that the nearly instantaneous translation of texts by George Orwell, Thomas Mann, W. H. Auden, Richard Wright, Mary McCarthy, and Albert Camus, among others, into interrelated journals that were sponsored by organizations such as the CIA's Congress for Cultural Freedom and circulated around the world effectively reshaped writers, critics, and intellectuals into easily recognizable, transnational figures. Their work formed a new canon of world literature that was celebrated in the United States and supposedly represented the best of contemporary thought, while less politically attractive authors were ignored or even demonized. This championing and demonizing of writers occurred in the name of anti-Communism--the new, transatlantic "civilizing mission" through which postwar cultural and literary authority emerged.

The Mighty Wurlitzer

Author : Hugh Wilford
Publisher : Harvard University Press
ISBN 13 : 0674045173
Total Pages : 375 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (74 download)

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Book Synopsis The Mighty Wurlitzer by : Hugh Wilford

Download or read book The Mighty Wurlitzer written by Hugh Wilford and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2009-06-30 with total page 375 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wilford provides the first comprehensive account of the clandestine relationship between the CIA and its front organizations. Using an unprecedented wealth of sources, he traces the rise and fall of America's Cold War front network from its origins in the 1940s to its Third World expansion during the 1950s and ultimate collapse in the 1960s.

Campaigning Culture and the Global Cold War

Author : Giles Scott-Smith
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137598670
Total Pages : 333 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (375 download)

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Book Synopsis Campaigning Culture and the Global Cold War by : Giles Scott-Smith

Download or read book Campaigning Culture and the Global Cold War written by Giles Scott-Smith and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-24 with total page 333 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores the lasting legacy of the controversial project by the Congress for Cultural Freedom, funded by the CIA, to promote Western culture and liberal values in the battle of ideas with global Communism during the Cold War. One of the most important elements of this campaign was a series of journals published around the world: Encounter, Preuves, Quest, Mundo Nuevo, and many others, involving many of the most famous intellectuals to promote a global intellectual community. Some of them, such as Minerva and China Quarterly, are still going to this day. This study examines when and why these journals were founded, who ran them, and how we should understand their cultural message in relation to the secret patron that paid the bills.

ArtCurious

Author : Jennifer Dasal
Publisher : Penguin
ISBN 13 : 0143134590
Total Pages : 289 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (431 download)

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Book Synopsis ArtCurious by : Jennifer Dasal

Download or read book ArtCurious written by Jennifer Dasal and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2020-09-15 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A wildly entertaining and surprisingly educational dive into art history as you've never seen it before, from the host of the beloved ArtCurious podcast We're all familiar with the works of Claude Monet, thanks in no small part to the ubiquitous reproductions of his water lilies on umbrellas, handbags, scarves, and dorm-room posters. But did you also know that Monet and his cohort were trailblazing rebels whose works were originally deemed unbelievably ugly and vulgar? And while you probably know the tale of Vincent van Gogh's suicide, you may not be aware that there's pretty compelling evidence that the artist didn't die by his own hand but was accidentally killed--or even murdered. Or how about the fact that one of Andy Warhol's most enduring legacies involves Caroline Kennedy's moldy birthday cake and a collection of toenail clippings? ArtCurious is a colorful look at the world of art history, revealing some of the strangest, funniest, and most fascinating stories behind the world's great artists and masterpieces. Through these and other incredible, weird, and wonderful tales, ArtCurious presents an engaging look at why art history is, and continues to be, a riveting and relevant world to explore.

The Dancer Defects

Author : David Caute
Publisher : OUP Oxford
ISBN 13 : 9780191554582
Total Pages : 828 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (545 download)

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Book Synopsis The Dancer Defects by : David Caute

Download or read book The Dancer Defects written by David Caute and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2003-09-04 with total page 828 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The cultural Cold War between the Soviet Union and the West was without precedent. At the outset of this original and wide-ranging historical survey, David Caute establishes the nature of the extraordinary cultural competition set up post-1945 between Moscow, New York, London and Paris, with the most intimate frontier war staged in the city of Berlin. Using sources in four languages, the author of The Fellow-Travellers and The Great Fear explores the cultural Cold War as it rapidly penetrated theatre, film, classical music, popular music, ballet, painting and sculpture, as well as propaganda by exhibition. Major figures central to Cold War conflict in the theatre include Brecht, Miller, Sartre, Camus, Havel, Ionesco, Stoppard and Konstantin Simonov, whose inflammatory play, The Russian Question, occupies a chapter of its own based on original archival research. Leading film directors involved included Eisenstein, Romm, Chiarueli, Aleksandrov, Kazan, Tarkovsky and Wajda. In the field of music, the Soviet Union in the Zhdanov era vigorously condemned 'modernism', 'formalism', and the avant-garde. A chapter is devoted to the intriguing case of Dmitri Shostakovich, and the disputed authenticity of his 'autobiography' Testimony. Meanwhile in the West the Congress for Cultural Freedom was sponsoring the modernist composers most vehemently condemned by Soviet music critics; Stravinsky, Schoenberg, Hindemith among them. Despite constant attempts at repression, the Soviet Party was unable to check the appeal of jazz on the Voice of America, then rock music, to young Russians. Visits to the West by the Bolshoi and Kirov ballet companines, the pride of the USSR, were fraught with threats of cancellation and the danger of defection. Considering the case of Rudolf Nureyev, Caute pours cold water on overheated speculations about KGB plots to injure him and other defecting dancers. Turning to painting, where socialist realism prevailed in Russia, and the impressionist heritage was condemned, Caute explores the paradox of Picasso's membership of the French Communist Party. Re-assessing the extent of covert CIA patronage of abstract expressionism (Pollock, De Kooning), Caute finds that the CIA's role has been much exaggerated, likewise the dominance of the New York School. Caute challenges some recent, one-dimensional, American accounts of 'Cold War culture', which ignore not only the Soviet performance but virtually any cultural activity outside the USA. The West presented its cultural avant-garde as evidence of liberty, even through monochrome canvases and dodecaphonic music appealed only to a minority audience. Soviet artistic standards and teaching levels were exceptionally high, but the fear of freedom and innovation virtually guaranteed the moral defeat which accelerated the collapse of the Soviet Union.

Music on the Frontline

Author : Ian Wellens
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135155722X
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (515 download)

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Book Synopsis Music on the Frontline by : Ian Wellens

Download or read book Music on the Frontline written by Ian Wellens and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The story of Nicolas Nabokov's involvement with the CIA-funded Congress for Cultural Freedom (CCF) is a story of the politics and sociology of culture; how music was used for political ends and how intellectual groups formed and functioned during the Cold War. The seemingly independent CCF, established to counteract? apparent Soviet successes in the fields of the arts and intellectual life, appointed Nabokov (a Russian emigre and minor composer) as its Secretary General in 1951.?Over the next ten years he gave music a high profile in the?work of the organisation, producing four international musical festivals, the first and most ambitious of which was 1952's L'Oeuvre du XXe Si?e in Paris, an event which showcased the work of no less than 62 composers. As Ian Wellens reveals, Nabokov's?musical involvement with the CCF was in fact a struggle on two fronts.?Apparently a?defence?of?Western modernism against 'backward', 'provincial' Soviet music, Nabokov's writings show this to have meshed closely with the?domestic concern?- shared by?many intellectuals -?that high culture was being undermined by an increasingly culturally aware middle class. His attacks on Soviet cultural policy, and his unflattering assessments of Shostakovich, are seen to be not merely salvos in the cold war but part of a broader campaign aimed at securing the authority and prestige of?intellectuals.

Killing Hope

Author : William Blum
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 1350348198
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (53 download)

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Book Synopsis Killing Hope by : William Blum

Download or read book Killing Hope written by William Blum and published by . This book was released on 2022-07-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Killing Hope, William Blum, author of the bestselling Rogue State: A Guide to the World's Only Superpower, provides a devastating and comprehensive account of America's covert and overt military actions in the world, all the way from China in the 1940s to the invasion of Iraq in 2003 and - in this updated edition - beyond. Is the United States, as it likes to claim, a global force for democracy? Killing Hope shows the answer to this question to be a resounding 'no'.