The Chemical Languages Of The Nervous System

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The Chemical Languages of the Nervous System

Author : Josef Donnerer
Publisher : Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers
ISBN 13 : 3805580045
Total Pages : 226 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (55 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chemical Languages of the Nervous System by : Josef Donnerer

Download or read book The Chemical Languages of the Nervous System written by Josef Donnerer and published by Karger Medical and Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurochemical transmission accounts for the majority of information transfer both in the central and peripheral nervous system. The initial findings centred around the experimental work of the two Nobel Prize winners Sir Henry H. Dale and Otto Loewi as well as Wilhelm Feldberg. Their historical findings opened the door to further investigations and extended the list of neurotransmitters to many others such as amino acids, peptides, purines and nitric oxide. In the first part, the publication provides fascinating insights into the life of the three scientists. Their personality and scientific approach are presented through autobiographical sketches and personal memories by authors. Various comments and details of the atmosphere in the laboratory complete the picture of the conditions at the time. The second part is dedicated to the history of the substances, such as neurotransmitters, their antagonists and analogues. The stories of these substances are presented to the reader in a succinct way, including many anecdotes and unusual events on the way to their therapeutic application. Contents Preface Introduction Otto Loewi Otto Loewi Introductory Remarks Autobiographic Sketch. By O. Loewi Otto Loewi 1873-1961. By H.H. Dale Otto Loewi. By F. Brucke Loewi's Time in Graz Comment on Loewi's Dream An Overlooked Parallel to Kekule's Dream: The Discovery of the Chemical Transmission of Nerve Impulses by Otto Loewi. By U. Weiss and R.A. Brown The Loewi Family's Way to the New World Comment on the Film Nobelpreistrager Otto Loewi Henry Hallett Dale Henry Hallett Dale Introductory Remarks Henry Hallett Dale 1875-1968. By W. Feldberg Fifty Years after the Nobel Prize Award to H.H. Dale and Otto Loewi. By G.B. Koelle Religious Reflections of Dale and Loewi Wilhelm Feldberg Wilhelm Feldberg Introductory Remarks The Early History of Synaptic and Neuromuscular Transmission by Acetylcholine: Reminiscences of an Eye Witness. By W. Feldberg From the History of Scientists to that of Neurotransmitters A Substance Isolated from Brain, Synthesized and Called Neurin: Acetylcholine Adrenaline, Noradrenaline and Dopamine: The Catecholamines Enteramine and Serotonin: Two Names and Three Functions of 5-Hydroxytryptamine Histamine: One Substance and Three Functions The Amino Acid Transmitter Family A Cloud of Peptides Substance P Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide Neuropeptide, Galanine and Vasoactive Intephinal Polypeptide Opioid Peptides Nitric Oxide ATP and Adenosine Peripheral Neurogenic Stimulators Neurotransmission in the Central Nervous System From Transmitter to Receptor: Progress within 50 Years.

Handbook of Neurochemistry

Author : Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461571723
Total Pages : 687 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Neurochemistry by : Abel Lajtha

Download or read book Handbook of Neurochemistry written by Abel Lajtha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 687 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anyone who has any contact with mental patients, old or young, or their families, or just visits a mental hospital or school for the retarded, is aware of the tremendous suffering caused by malfunctioning of the brain. The func tion of no other organ is so crucial for our everyday life, our proper func tioning, indeed our happiness, and no other illness causes as much anguish to patients or their families as mental illness. It is surprising and sad, therefore, how little effort has been devoted to research in this area; more so because such research is the only hope to ameliorate this suffering, or, to speak in the language of politics or economics, to decrease the enormous sums that we spend on trying to help our patients, with what is must generally be agreed are the most primitive and inadequate methods of treatment. Clearly, since functions of the brain are vital not only in illness, but in health, pathology is not the only area of concern to neurochemists, but it is an area that urgently needs neurochemical contributions. Progress in this field has been slower than in other areas of neurochemistry, and it seems that solutions in this field are very elusive. The reason for this is that the experimental approach is especially difficult in conditions specific for humans, or specific for complex behavior.

Alterations of Chemical Equilibrium in the Nervous System

Author : Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461571758
Total Pages : 591 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Alterations of Chemical Equilibrium in the Nervous System by : Abel Lajtha

Download or read book Alterations of Chemical Equilibrium in the Nervous System written by Abel Lajtha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It has been recognized for more than a thousand years that the function of the brain, like the function of the other organs of the body, is determined by its physical, chemical, and biological properties. Evidence that even its highest functions could be explained by these properties was gathered only in recent years, however; these findings, which clearly have to be confirmed by a great deal of further experimental evidence, indicate that most, if not all, of the functions of the brain are based on its bio chemical and biophysical mechanisms. This at first hearing may sound rather simple, but the ability to understand learning, emotion, perhaps even creativity, on biological terms may well be the most important scientific discovery of all time. Few pieces of knowledge can influence our future health and well-being to the degree that understanding of mental mechanisms will. It has been clearly shown in many ways in the previous volumes of this Handbook that from the biochemical or neurochemical point of view the brain is one of the most active organs. The brain seems stable and in some respects permanent; this is evidence not of inactivity but of carefully controlled homeostasis, of dynamic rather than static equilibrium, with most components undergoing metabolic alterations.

Discovering the Brain

Author : National Academy of Sciences
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045290
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Discovering the Brain by : National Academy of Sciences

Download or read book Discovering the Brain written by National Academy of Sciences and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The brain ... There is no other part of the human anatomy that is so intriguing. How does it develop and function and why does it sometimes, tragically, degenerate? The answers are complex. In Discovering the Brain, science writer Sandra Ackerman cuts through the complexity to bring this vital topic to the public. The 1990s were declared the "Decade of the Brain" by former President Bush, and the neuroscience community responded with a host of new investigations and conferences. Discovering the Brain is based on the Institute of Medicine conference, Decade of the Brain: Frontiers in Neuroscience and Brain Research. Discovering the Brain is a "field guide" to the brainâ€"an easy-to-read discussion of the brain's physical structure and where functions such as language and music appreciation lie. Ackerman examines: How electrical and chemical signals are conveyed in the brain. The mechanisms by which we see, hear, think, and pay attentionâ€"and how a "gut feeling" actually originates in the brain. Learning and memory retention, including parallels to computer memory and what they might tell us about our own mental capacity. Development of the brain throughout the life span, with a look at the aging brain. Ackerman provides an enlightening chapter on the connection between the brain's physical condition and various mental disorders and notes what progress can realistically be made toward the prevention and treatment of stroke and other ailments. Finally, she explores the potential for major advances during the "Decade of the Brain," with a look at medical imaging techniquesâ€"what various technologies can and cannot tell usâ€"and how the public and private sectors can contribute to continued advances in neuroscience. This highly readable volume will provide the public and policymakersâ€"and many scientists as wellâ€"with a helpful guide to understanding the many discoveries that are sure to be announced throughout the "Decade of the Brain."

Anatomy and Physiology

Author : J. Gordon Betts
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781947172807
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (728 download)

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Book Synopsis Anatomy and Physiology by : J. Gordon Betts

Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Structural Elements of the Nervous System

Author : Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1468445863
Total Pages : 725 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (684 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Elements of the Nervous System by : Abel Lajtha

Download or read book Structural Elements of the Nervous System written by Abel Lajtha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neurochemistry, having the objective of elucidating biochemical processes subserving nervous activity, emerged as an application of chemistry to the of neurobiological problems as a post-World War II phenomenon. investigation However, only in the last 40 years has the chemical community recognized neurochemistry as a distinct, if hybrid, discipline. During this period great strides have been made. However, recently neurochemistry, along with neu rophysiology, neuropharmacology, neuroanatomy, and the behavioral sci ences, has emerged to form neuroscience, a new community of scientists with its own national society, journals, and meetings. Actually, this recently formed hybrid, neuroscience, is in the process of merging with another well-established discipline, molecular genetics (frequently called molecular biology, and itself a hybrid), which appears to have sufficient hybrid vigor to form yet a new community of scientists, which, for want of a more imaginative term, has been called molecular genetic neuroscience. Clearly, advantages resulting from such mergers or hybridizations accrue not only from the merging discipline (neurochemistry in this case) to the new community (molecular genetic neuroscience), but also in the reverse direction. This Foreword will be concerned primarily with examples of this latter process.

The Naked Neuron

Author : Rhawn Joseph
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1489960082
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis The Naked Neuron by : Rhawn Joseph

Download or read book The Naked Neuron written by Rhawn Joseph and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the beginning there was not only life but the ability to communicate and eventually to cooperate among the most basic, primeval creatures. In The Naked Neuron Dr. Joseph - an internationally respected neuroscientist and author of the highly praised The Right Brain and the Unconscious: Discovering the Stranger Within - takes us on an intriguing journey through time as he traces the evolution of communication and language from the most primitive single-celled animals to our earliest ancestors to humans today. As he so clearly demonstrates, we are linked to all levels of animals in a common bond of sensing, feeling, and communication. Be it singing wolves, dancing bees, or writhing rock and roll dancers, all communicate a treasure chest of meaning in the absence of the spoken word. Approximately 700 million years ago, a unique type of cell came into being - the neuron. This "naked" neuron, or nerve cell, lacked a protective fatty sheath. Still, it marked a monumental and world altering development, since it would become the building block of the brain. The naked neuron generated a revolutionary change resulting in a greater complexity and subtlety of thought. Dr. Joseph vividly depicts how neurons conferred on early humans advanced powers of mental and sensory acuity, including the gift of remembering one's past and contemplating the future. Although humans possess much of the same ancient brain tissue as our fellow primates, Dr. Joseph reveals to us the singular features of the human brain that have enabled humans uniquely to develop complex, spoken language. He holds us spellbound, revealing that although the new and old brain tissue are couched within the same brain, each often has difficulty understanding the impulses and language of the other. This ground-breaking book draws on Dr. Joseph's brilliant and original research and theories, fusing the latest discoveries made in neuroscience, sociobiology, and anthropology. He illuminates how the languages of the body and brain enhance intuitive understanding and spur a thirst for knowledge for its own sake. The human body and brain together are a veritable living museum which contains billions of cells with a long evolutionary history. As this unforgettable book shows, it is the communication of this panoply of cells - the residues of the past merged with the musings of the present - that gives rise to life, love, art, science, literature, and the ceaseless desire to search for and acquire knowledge

Chemical Transmission in the Mammalian Central Nervous System

Author : Charles H. Hockman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 464 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Transmission in the Mammalian Central Nervous System by : Charles H. Hockman

Download or read book Chemical Transmission in the Mammalian Central Nervous System written by Charles H. Hockman and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Chemical Architecture of the Nervous System

Author : Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461571545
Total Pages : 500 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Architecture of the Nervous System by : Abel Lajtha

Download or read book Chemical Architecture of the Nervous System written by Abel Lajtha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 500 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Life, either as we think of it in the abstract in its highest sense, or life, as we think of it in terms of a compact living organism, is obviously the result of complex interaction of all of the components of the organism. One could therefore question the advisability of separating out the nervous system for a special detailed study in our age of overspecialization. The main purpose of the present Handbook is not to fragment further our approach or under standing of living phenomena, but, on the contrary, to try to summarize and integrate as much of the available information and thinking on the nervous system as is possible in a limited space. It is difficult to think of an area of modern biology that is more exciting to study and that has greater impor tance for mankind, from any point of view, than the study of the brain and of the nervous system. The influence that understanding of brain function in biological terms can exert on our future is not generally understood in its full impact. Although our ignorance about even the most basic mechanisms in the nervous system is enormous, in recent years our knowledge has made most important advances, and as a consequence great masses of data have been accumulated.

Biochemistry of Characterised Neurons

Author : Neville N. Osborne
Publisher : Pergamon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 384 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (45 download)

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Book Synopsis Biochemistry of Characterised Neurons by : Neville N. Osborne

Download or read book Biochemistry of Characterised Neurons written by Neville N. Osborne and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1978 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochemistry of Characterised Neurons provides a report on the progress made in the analysis of the biology of specific neurons in the central nervous system. This book emphasizes the biochemical, morphological, and functional aspects of characterized neurons, including ways and sophisticated techniques of isolating them. This publication is divided into 11 chapters. The first chapter evaluates the relevance of working with single neurons. Chapters 2 to 6 discuss specific, characterized, invertebrate neurons containing one of the putative neurotransmitter substances. Chapter 7 deals with the b ...

Understanding The Brain And Its Development: A Chemical Approach

Author : Harun K M Yusuf
Publisher : World Scientific Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 9813103779
Total Pages : 407 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (131 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding The Brain And Its Development: A Chemical Approach by : Harun K M Yusuf

Download or read book Understanding The Brain And Its Development: A Chemical Approach written by Harun K M Yusuf and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 1992-11-20 with total page 407 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The understanding of brain functions at the molecular level has been one of the greatest challenges for man. Up to now, the basis of its most important functions, including the development of consciousness and personality, and the mechanism of learning and memory, remains unknown. However, the pace of discovery at the morphological, cellular, neurophysiological and molecular levels of brain functions has been quite rapid in the past decades. Neuroscience has therefore been an over-advancing and extremely fascinating field of research which has made a significant contribution to our understanding of brain structure, chemistry and function. This book gives a concise synopsis of our present day knowledge of the basic chemical principles of how the brain works and how the brain develops. It is quite an intelligible approach to ordering the tremendous amount of knowledge accumulated so far in various research fields, particularly neurochemistry. Special emphasis has been given to the chemical language of many aspects of brain development as related to morphology and function. The final part is devoted to the plasticity of the brain and the impact of malnutrition and environment in early life on the development of mental functions. Particularly valuable are the many references to original literature, especially when controversial issues are discussed.The book is well written in an easily understandable manner and would be of great help to all students and scientists interested in the extensive and demanding field of neuroscience.

Languages of the Brain

Author : Karl H. Pribram
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 456 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Languages of the Brain by : Karl H. Pribram

Download or read book Languages of the Brain written by Karl H. Pribram and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Structural Neurochemistry

Author : Abel Lajtha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 146157157X
Total Pages : 601 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (615 download)

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Book Synopsis Structural Neurochemistry by : Abel Lajtha

Download or read book Structural Neurochemistry written by Abel Lajtha and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 601 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: That chemicals (although not always called by this name) affect the brain and its functions, such as behavior, has been known for thousands of years. It is therefore surprising that the concept that chemical mechanisms are at least partially responsible for the complex functions of the brain is so recent. Investigation of the closely interlinked biophysical and biochemical proper ties of the nervous system has achieved many notable successes in recent years and is the most exciting development in 20th-century science. Although all the morphology, the activity, and the alteration of the brain, whether bioelectric, biochemical, pathological, or structural, constitute an organic and indivisible whole, the ambition of the Handbook is to look at only a few aspects of this whole and to focus the discussions on the experi ments that the neurochemists have performed. Neurochemical study of the nervous system has, perhaps of necessity, gone through several phases: the first phase was more analytical and in volved study of the composition of the tissue; the second, more recent phase clarified many of the metabolic sequences that occur in this tissue. Clearly, both were essential, but they showed that additional approaches are neces sary. The present phase seems to be the study of control processes; present interest focuses on what determines, in a qualitative and quantitative fashion, the processes occurring in the nervous system. Perhaps the next phase will be the study of function, the study of the final stage of integration.

Chemical Communication Within the Nervous System and Its Disturbance in Disease

Author : Anthony Taylor
Publisher : Pergamon
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Chemical Communication Within the Nervous System and Its Disturbance in Disease by : Anthony Taylor

Download or read book Chemical Communication Within the Nervous System and Its Disturbance in Disease written by Anthony Taylor and published by Pergamon. This book was released on 1978 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Variation in Chemical Composition of the Nervous System

Author : G. B. Ansell
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 1483138666
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (831 download)

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Book Synopsis Variation in Chemical Composition of the Nervous System by : G. B. Ansell

Download or read book Variation in Chemical Composition of the Nervous System written by G. B. Ansell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013-10-22 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variation in Chemical Composition of the Nervous System: As Determined by Developmental and Genetic Factors documents the proceedings of the International Neurochemical Conference held in Oxford, 1965. The three years since the last neurochemical meeting have witnessed rapid progress in the whole field of biology, including the development of new concepts based on fresh experimental data and new technical tools. A great deal of concentrated effort have led to advances in the molecular aspects of biological processes ,which have perhaps had most to offer to the formation of new concepts of primary cellular events, especially the genetic mechanism, regulatory cell processes, and protein production. This volume contains 100 chapters that provide an overview of the state of knowledge on the genetic and developmental aspects of the central nervous system. Topics covered include the activity of a plasma logenase in the brain of the developing rat; genetic selection of rats differing in brain biochemistry; the effects of thyroid hormones on steroid deposition in developing chick brain; and developmental changes in the gamma globulins of bovine cerebrospinal fluid.

Neuroelectrodynamics

Author : Dorian Aur
Publisher : IOS Press
ISBN 13 : 1607500914
Total Pages : 252 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (75 download)

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Book Synopsis Neuroelectrodynamics by : Dorian Aur

Download or read book Neuroelectrodynamics written by Dorian Aur and published by IOS Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essence of brain function consists in how information is processed, transferred and stored. Current neurophysiological doctrine remains focused within a spike timing paradigm, but this has a limited capacity for advancing the understanding of how the brain works. This book puts forward a new model; the neuroelectrodynamic model (NED), which describes the intrinsic computational processes by the dynamics and interaction of charges. It uses established laws of physics, such as those of classical mechanics, thermodynamics and quantum physics, as the guiding principle to develop a general theoretical construct of the brain s computational model, which incorporates the neurobiology of the cells and the molecular machinery itself, along with the electrical activity in neurons, to explain experimental results and predict the organization of the system. After addressing the deficiencies of current approaches, the laws and principles required to build a new model are discussed. In addition, as well as describing experiments which provide the required link between computation and semantics, the book highlights important concepts relating the theory of information with computation and the electrical properties of neurons. The NED model is explained and expounded and several examples of its application are shown. Of interest to all those involved in the fields of neuroscience, neurophysiology, computer science and the development of artificial intelligence, NED is a step forward in understanding the mind in computational terms. IOS Press is an international science, technical and medical publisher of high-quality books for academics, scientists, and professionals in all fields. Some of the areas we publish in: -Biomedicine -Oncology -Artificial intelligence -Databases and information systems -Maritime engineering -Nanotechnology -Geoengineering -All aspects of physics -E-governance -E-commerce -The knowledge economy -Urban studies -Arms control -Understanding and responding to terrorism -Medical informatics -Computer Sciences

From Neurons to Neighborhoods

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309069882
Total Pages : 610 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis From Neurons to Neighborhoods by : National Research Council

Download or read book From Neurons to Neighborhoods written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-11-13 with total page 610 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How we raise young children is one of today's most highly personalized and sharply politicized issues, in part because each of us can claim some level of "expertise." The debate has intensified as discoveries about our development-in the womb and in the first months and years-have reached the popular media. How can we use our burgeoning knowledge to assure the well-being of all young children, for their own sake as well as for the sake of our nation? Drawing from new findings, this book presents important conclusions about nature-versus-nurture, the impact of being born into a working family, the effect of politics on programs for children, the costs and benefits of intervention, and other issues. The committee issues a series of challenges to decision makers regarding the quality of child care, issues of racial and ethnic diversity, the integration of children's cognitive and emotional development, and more. Authoritative yet accessible, From Neurons to Neighborhoods presents the evidence about "brain wiring" and how kids learn to speak, think, and regulate their behavior. It examines the effect of the climate-family, child care, community-within which the child grows.