Working Memory Capacity

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1317232380
Total Pages : 238 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (172 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory Capacity by : Nelson Cowan

Download or read book Working Memory Capacity written by Nelson Cowan and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The idea of one's memory "filling up" is a humorous misconception of how memory in general is thought to work; it actually has no capacity limit. However, the idea of a "full brain" makes more sense with reference to working memory, which is the limited amount of information a person can hold temporarily in an especially accessible form for use in the completion of almost any challenging cognitive task. This groundbreaking book explains the evidence supporting Cowan's theoretical proposal about working memory capacity, and compares it to competing perspectives. Cognitive psychologists profoundly disagree on how working memory is limited: whether by the number of units that can be retained (and, if so, what kind of units and how many), the types of interfering material, the time that has elapsed, some combination of these mechanisms, or none of them. The book assesses these hypotheses and examines explanations of why capacity limits occur, including vivid biological, cognitive, and evolutionary accounts. The book concludes with a discussion of the practical importance of capacity limits in daily life. This 10th anniversary Classic Edition will continue to be accessible to a wide range of readers and serve as an invaluable reference for all memory researchers.

The Capacity of Visual Working Memory During Visual Search

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 58 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (129 download)

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Book Synopsis The Capacity of Visual Working Memory During Visual Search by : Michael J. King

Download or read book The Capacity of Visual Working Memory During Visual Search written by Michael J. King and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How many items can we store in visual working memory while simultaneously conducting a visual search? Previous research has proposed that only one visual working memory representation can be activated to influence attention directly, whereas other visual working memory representations are accessory items which have little influence on visual selection. However recent findings have suggested otherwise, specifically that two visual working memory representations can capture attention and interfere with concurrent visual search (Chen & Du, 2017). Across a series of studies, I investigated these findings further, and tested what the capacity of visual working memory is during visual search. The results from these studies suggest that multiple items held in visual working memory can capture attention and interfere with visual search. Specifically, I find that the capacity may be capped at two or three representations that can be simultaneously activated during search to guide attention, and that simplifying memoranda to a single feature does not increase capacity.

Attention and Memory

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195344251
Total Pages : 342 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Attention and Memory by : Nelson Cowan

Download or read book Attention and Memory written by Nelson Cowan and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-01-15 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Attention and Memory brings together and assesses past and present research on information processing, to formulate a model of this entire system.

Visual Memory

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Publisher : OUP USA
ISBN 13 : 0195305485
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Memory by : Steven J. Luck

Download or read book Visual Memory written by Steven J. Luck and published by OUP USA. This book was released on 2008-09-10 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vision and memory are two of the most intensively studied topics in psychology and neuroscience. This book provides a state-of-the-art account of visual memory systems. Each chapter is written by an internationally renowned researcher, who has made seminal contributions to the topic.

Information Visualization

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Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0123814642
Total Pages : 537 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (238 download)

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Book Synopsis Information Visualization by : Colin Ware

Download or read book Information Visualization written by Colin Ware and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2013 with total page 537 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This is a book about what the science of perception can tell us about visualization. There is a gold mine of information about how we see to be found in more than a century of work by vision researchers. The purpose of this book is to extract from that large body of research literature those design principles that apply to displaying information effectively"--

Working Memory Capacity and Attention in Visual Search

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 200 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (317 download)

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Book Synopsis Working Memory Capacity and Attention in Visual Search by : Heather Dawn Motsinger

Download or read book Working Memory Capacity and Attention in Visual Search written by Heather Dawn Motsinger and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Variation in Working Memory

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 019972167X
Total Pages : 347 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (997 download)

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Book Synopsis Variation in Working Memory by : Andrew Conway

Download or read book Variation in Working Memory written by Andrew Conway and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2008-02-13 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Working memory--the ability to keep important information in mind while comprehending, thinking, and acting--varies considerably from person to person and changes dramatically during each person's life. Understanding such individual and developmental differences is crucial because working memory is a major contributor to general intellectual functioning. This volume offers a state-of-the-art, integrative, and comprehensive approach to understanding variation in working memory by presenting explicit, detailed comparisons of the leading theories. It incorporates views from the different research groups that operate on each side of the Atlantic, and covers working-memory research on a wide variety of populations, including healthy adults, children with and without learning difficulties, older adults, and adults and children with neurological disorders. A particular strength of this volume is that each research group explicitly addresses the same set of theoretical questions, from the perspective of both their own theoretical and experimental work and from the perspective of relevant alternative approaches. Through these questions, each research group considers their overarching theory of working memory, specifies the critical sources of working memory variation according to their theory, reflects on the compatibility of their approach with other approaches, and assesses their contribution to general working memory theory. This shared focus across chapters unifies the volume and highlights the similarities and differences among the various theories. Each chapter includes both a summary of research positions and a detailed discussion of each position. Variation in Working Memory achieves coherence across its chapters, while presenting the entire range of current theoretical and experimental approaches to variation in working memory.

Interactions Between Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in the Verbal Domain

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135419949
Total Pages : 591 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (354 download)

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Book Synopsis Interactions Between Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in the Verbal Domain by : Annabel Thorn

Download or read book Interactions Between Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in the Verbal Domain written by Annabel Thorn and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2008-08-15 with total page 591 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between short-term and long-term memory systems is an issue of central concern to memory theorists. The association between temporary memory mechanisms and established knowledge bases is now regarded as critical to the development of theoretical and computational accounts of verbal short-term memory functioning. However, to date there is no single publication that provides dedicated and full coverage of current understanding of the association between short-term and long-term memory systems. Interactions between Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in the Verbal Domain is the first volume to comprehensively address this key issue. The book, focusing specifically on memory for verbal information, comprises chapters covering current theoretical approaches, together with the very latest experimental work, from leading researchers in the field. Chapters contributed to the book draw on both cognitive and neuropsychological research and reflect both conceptual and computational approaches to theorising. The contributing authors represent current research perspectives from both sides of the Atlantic. By addressing this important topic head-on, Interactions between Short-Term and Long-Term Memory in the Verbal Domain represents an invaluable resource for academics and students alike.

Objects and Attention

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262692809
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (928 download)

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Book Synopsis Objects and Attention by : Brian J. Scholl

Download or read book Objects and Attention written by Brian J. Scholl and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2002 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of object-based models of attention.

Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Set

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Author :
Publisher : Wiley
ISBN 13 : 9781119170167
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Set by : John T. Wixted

Download or read book Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience, Set written by John T. Wixted and published by Wiley. This book was released on 2018-04-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the first edition was published in 1951, The Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology has been recognized as the standard reference in the field. The most recent (3rd) edition of the handbook was published in 2004, and it was a success by any measure. But the field of experimental psychology has changed in dramatic ways since then. Throughout the first 3 editions of the handbook, the changes in the field were mainly quantitative in nature. That is, the size and scope of the field grew steadily from 1951 to 2004, a trend that was reflected in the growing size of the handbook itself: the 1-volume first edition (1951) was succeeded by a 2-volume second edition (1988) and then by a 4-volume third edition (2004). Since 2004, however, this still-growing field has also changed qualitatively in the sense that, in virtually every subdomain of experimental psychology, theories of the mind have evolved into theories of the brain. Research methods in experimental psychology have changed accordingly and now include not only venerable EEG recordings (long a staple of research in psycholinguistics) but also MEG, fMRI, TMS, and single-unit recording. The trend towards neuroscience is an absolutely dramatic, worldwide phenomenon that is unlikely to ever be reversed. Thus, the era of purely behavioral experimental psychology is already long gone, even though not everyone has noticed. Experimental psychology and "cognitive neuroscience" (an umbrella term that includes behavioral neuroscience, social neuroscience and developmental neuroscience) are now inextricably intertwined. Nearly every major psychology department in the country has added cognitive neuroscientists to its ranks in recent years, and that trend is still growing. A viable handbook of experimental psychology should reflect the new reality on the ground. There is no handbook in existence today that combines basic experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience, this despite the fact that the two fields are interrelated – and even interdependent – because they are concerned with the same issues (e.g., memory, perception, language, development, etc.). Almost all neuroscience-oriented research takes as its starting point what has been learned using behavioral methods in experimental psychology. In addition, nowadays, psychological theories increasingly take into account what has been learned about the brain (e.g., psychological models increasingly need to be neurologically plausible). These considerations explain why this edition of: The Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology is now called The Stevens' Handbook of Experimental Psychology and Cognitive Neuroscience. The title serves as a reminder that the two fields go together and as an announcement that the Stevens' Handbook covers it all. The 4th edition of the Stevens’ Handbook is a 5-volume set structured as follows: I. Learning & Memory: Elizabeth Phelps & Lila Davachi (Volume Editors) Topics include fear learning; time perception; working memory; visual object recognition; memory and future imagining; sleep and memory; emotion and memory; attention and memory; motivation and memory; inhibition in memory; education and memory; aging and memory; autobiographical memory; eyewitness memory; and category learning. II. Sensation, Perception & Attention: John Serences (Volume Editor) Topics include attention; vision; color vision; visual search; depth perception; taste; touch; olfaction; motor control; perceptual learning; audition; music perception; multisensory integration; vestibular, proprioceptive, and haptic contributions to spatial orientation; motion perception; perceptual rhythms; the interface theory of perception; perceptual organization; perception and interactive technology; perception for action. III. Language & Thought: Sharon Thompson-Schill (Volume Editor) Topics include reading; discourse and dialogue; speech production; sentence processing; bilingualism; concepts and categorization; culture and cognition; embodied cognition; creativity; reasoning; speech perception; spatial cognition; word processing; semantic memory; moral reasoning. IV. Developmental & Social Psychology: Simona Ghetti (Volume Editor) Topics include development of visual attention; self-evaluation; moral development; emotion-cognition interactions; person perception; memory; implicit social cognition; motivation group processes; development of scientific thinking; language acquisition; category and conceptual development; development of mathematical reasoning; emotion regulation; emotional development; development of theory of mind; attitudes; executive function. V. Methodology: E. J. Wagenmakers (Volume Editor) Topics include hypothesis testing and statistical inference; model comparison in psychology; mathematical modeling in cognition and cognitive neuroscience; methods and models in categorization; serial versus parallel processing; theories for discriminating signal from noise; Bayesian cognitive modeling; response time modeling; neural networks and neurocomputational modeling; methods in psychophysics analyzing neural time series data; convergent methods of memory research; models and methods for reinforcement learning; cultural consensus theory; network models for clinical psychology; the stop-signal paradigm; fmri; neural recordings; open science.

The Role of Working Memory Capacity and Attention Control in Visual Search

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (691 download)

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Book Synopsis The Role of Working Memory Capacity and Attention Control in Visual Search by : Bradley J. Poole

Download or read book The Role of Working Memory Capacity and Attention Control in Visual Search written by Bradley J. Poole and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Attentional Capture

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 276 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (555 download)

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Book Synopsis Attentional Capture by : Bradley S. Gibson

Download or read book Attentional Capture written by Bradley S. Gibson and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion that certain mental or physical events can capture attention has been one of the most enduring topics in the study of attention owing to the importance of understanding how goal-directed and stimulus-driven processes interact in perception and cognition. Despite the clear theoretical and applied importance of attentional capture, a broad survey of this field suggests that the term "capture" means different things to different people. In some cases, it refers to covert shifts of spatial attention, in others involuntary saccades, and in still others general disruption of processing by irrelevant stimuli. The properties that elicit "capture" can also range from abruptly onset or moving lights, to discontinuities in textures, to unexpected tones, to emotionally valenced words or pictures, to directional signs and symbols. Attentional capture has been explored in both the spatial and temporal domains as well as the visual and auditory modalities. There are also a number of different theoretical perspectives on the mechanisms underlying "capture" (both functional and neurophysiological) and the level of cognitive control over capture. This special issue provides a sampling of the diversity of approaches, domains, and theoretical perspectives that currently exist in the study of attentional capture. Together, these contributions should help evaluate the degree to which attentional capture represents a unitary construct that reflects fundamental theoretical principles and mechanisms of the mind.

Visual Cognition

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 0262661780
Total Pages : 291 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (626 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Cognition by : Steven Pinker

Download or read book Visual Cognition written by Steven Pinker and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1986-01-09 with total page 291 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These essays tackle some of the central issues in visual cognition, presenting experimental techniques from cognitive psychology, new ways of modeling cognitive processes on computers from artificial intelligence, and new ways of studying brain organization from neuropsychology, to address such questions as: How do we recognize objects in front of us? How do we reason about objects when they are absent and only in memory? How do we conceptualize the three dimensions of space? Do different people do these things in different ways? And where are these abilities located in the brain? While this research, which appeared as a special issue of the journal Cognition, is at the cutting edge of cognitive science, it does not assume a highly technical background on the part of readers. The book begins with a tutorial introduction by the editor, making it suitable for specialists and nonspecialists alike.

The Visual World in Memory

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Publisher : Psychology Press
ISBN 13 : 1135430373
Total Pages : 607 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (354 download)

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Book Synopsis The Visual World in Memory by : James R. Brockmole

Download or read book The Visual World in Memory written by James R. Brockmole and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2008-10-07 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book examines how well we remember what we see. Research in human memory for visual material varies tremendously across the time scales, stimuli, and scenarios of interest. Because of these distinct pursuits, research in the field of 'visual memory' is in practice rather compartmentalized and as such is disseminated across a range of literatures. The Visual World in Memory pulls together this disparate field with a series of chapters, each written by a leading expert, that concisely present the state-of-the-science in all the areas of research. The result is a single source of information that bridges the divides that separate the field as a whole. Each chapter reviews and analyzes current theories and controversies regarding such issues as visual and spatial working memory, memory for visual features, conjunctions, objects, and locations, memory for faces, memory for real-world scenes, memory for visual events, the role of visual memory in motor planning and action, the relationship between visual memory, reference frames, and navigation, and visual imagery. The rigorous discussion and analysis included in each chapter will appeal to established researchers and vision scientists whilst the breadth of the book will make it an ideal companion for students learning about memory.

Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0195189191
Total Pages : 496 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (951 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems by : Wayne D. Gray

Download or read book Integrated Models of Cognitive Systems written by Wayne D. Gray and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-19 with total page 496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of cognitive modeling has progressed beyond modeling cognition in the context of simple laboratory tasks and begun to attack the problem of modeling it in more complex, realistic environments, such as those studied by researchers in the field of human factors. The problems that the cognitive modeling community is tackling focus on modeling certain problems of communication and control that arise when integrating with the external environment factors such as implicit and explicit knowledge, emotion, cognition, and the cognitive system. These problems must be solved in order to produce integrated cognitive models of moderately complex tasks. Architectures of cognition in these tasks focus on the control of a central system, which includes control of the central processor itself, initiation of functional processes, such as visual search and memory retrieval, and harvesting the results of these functional processes. Because the control of the central system is conceptually different from the internal control required by individual functional processes, a complete architecture of cognition must incorporate two types of theories of control: Type 1 theories of the structure, functionality, and operation of the controller, and type 2 theories of the internal control of functional processes, including how and what they communicate to the controller. This book presents the current state of the art for both types of theories, as well as contrasts among current approaches to human-performance models. It will be an important resource for professional and student researchers in cognitive science, cognitive-engineering, and human-factors.Contributors: Kevin A. Gluck, Jerry T. Ball, Michael A. Krusmark, Richard W. Pew, Chris R. Sims, Vladislav D. Veksler, John R. Anderson, Ron Sun, Nicholas L. Cassimatis, Randy J. Brou, Andrew D. Egerton, Stephanie M. Doane, Christopher W. Myers, Hansjorg Neth, Jeremy M Wolfe, Marc Pomplun, Ronald A. Rensink, Hansjorg Neth, Chris R. Sims, Peter M. Todd, Lael J. Schooler, Wai-Tat Fu, Michael C. Mozer, Sachiko Kinoshita, Michael Shettel, Alex Kirlik, Vladislav D. Veksler, Michael J. Schoelles, Jerome R. Busemeyer, Eric Dimperio, Ryan K. Jessup, Jonathan Gratch, Stacy Marsella, Glenn Gunzelmann, Kevin A. Gluck, Scott Price, Hans P. A. Van Dongen, David F. Dinges, Frank E. Ritter, Andrew L. Reifers, Laura Cousino Klein, Michael J. Schoelles, Eva Hudlicka, Hansjorg Neth, Christopher W. Myers, Dana Ballard, Nathan Sprague, Laurence T. Maloney, Julia Trommershauser, Michael S. Landy, A. Hornof, Michael J. Schoelles, David Kieras, Dario D. Salvucci, Niels Taatgen, Erik M. Altmann, Richard A. Carlson, Andrew Howes, Richard L. Lewis, Alonso Vera, Richard P. Cooper, and Michael D. Byrne

The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0198570392
Total Pages : 418 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (985 download)

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Book Synopsis The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory by : Naoyuki Osaka

Download or read book The Cognitive Neuroscience of Working Memory written by Naoyuki Osaka and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is only relatively recently that it has been possible to study the neural processes that might underlie working memory, leading to a proliferation of research in this domain. This volume brings together leading researchers from around the world to summarise current knowledge of this field.

Visual Thinking for Information Design

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Publisher : Morgan Kaufmann
ISBN 13 : 0128235683
Total Pages : 225 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (282 download)

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Book Synopsis Visual Thinking for Information Design by : Colin Ware

Download or read book Visual Thinking for Information Design written by Colin Ware and published by Morgan Kaufmann. This book was released on 2021-03-26 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Visual Thinking for Information Design, Second Edition brings the science of perception to the art of design. The book takes what we now know about perception, cognition and attention and transforms it into concrete advice that students and designers can directly apply. It demonstrates how designs can be considered as tools for cognition and extensions of the viewer's brain in much the same way that a hammer is an extension of the user's hand. The book includes hundreds of examples, many in the form of integrated text and full-color diagrams. Renamed from the first edition, Visual Thinking for Design, to more accurately reflect its focus on infographics, this timely revision has been updated throughout and includes more content on pattern perception, the addition of new material illustrating color assimilation, and a new chapter devoted to communicating ideas through images. - Presents visual thinking as a complex process that can be supported in every stage using specific design techniques - Provides practical, task-oriented information for designers and software developers charged with design responsibilities - Includes hundreds of examples, many in the form of integrated text and full-color diagrams - Steeped in the principles of "active vision, which views graphic designs as cognitive tools - Features a new chapter titled Communicating Ideas with Images that focuses on a new emerging theory of human cognition and how that theory, which deals with the construction and refinement of predictive mental models in the mind, provides a solid foundation for reasoning about what should go into a presentation