Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
The Burr Dilemma In Approval Voting
Download The Burr Dilemma In Approval Voting full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Burr Dilemma In Approval Voting ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis The Burr Dilemma in Approval Voting by : Jack H. Nagel
Download or read book The Burr Dilemma in Approval Voting written by Jack H. Nagel and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Problems of multicandidate races in U.S. presidential elections motivated the modern invention and advocacy of approval voting; but it has not previously been recognized that the first four presidential elections (1788-1800) were conducted using a variant of approval voting. That experiment ended disastrously in 1800 with the infamous Electoral College tie between Jefferson and Burr. The tie, this paper shows, resulted less from miscalculation than from a strategic tension built into approval voting, which forces two leaders appealing to the same voters to play a game of Chicken. Because the Burr Dilemma poses a significant difficulty for approval voting, this paper urges that researchers give more attention to instant runoff reform options, especially the alternative vote and the Coombs rule.
Download or read book Approval Voting written by Steven Brams and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-02-22 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a simple and logical potential electoral reform. Under this system, voters may vote for, or approve of, as many candidates as they like in multicandidate elections. Among the many benefits of approval voting are its propensity to elect the majority candidate, its relative invulnerability to insincere or strategic voting, and a probable increase in voter turnout.
Book Synopsis Mathematics and Democracy by : Bruno Simeone
Download or read book Mathematics and Democracy written by Bruno Simeone and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-09 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, different quantitative approaches to the study of electoral systems have been developed: game-theoretic, decision-theoretic, statistical, probabilistic, combinatorial, geometric, and optimization ones. All the authors are prominent scholars from these disciplines. Quantitative approaches offer a powerful tool to detect inconsistencies or poor performance in actual systems. Applications to concrete settings such as EU, American Congress, regional, and committee voting are discussed.
Book Synopsis Handbook on Approval Voting by : Jean-François Laslier
Download or read book Handbook on Approval Voting written by Jean-François Laslier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-06-25 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With approval voting, voters can approve of as many candidates as they want, and the one approved by the most voters wins. This book surveys a wide variety of empirical and theoretical knowledge accumulated from years of studying this method of voting.
Book Synopsis Majority Judgment by : Michel Balinski
Download or read book Majority Judgment written by Michel Balinski and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2022-06-07 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An account of a new theory and method of voting, judging and ranking, majority judgment, shown to be superior to all other known methods. In Majority Judgment, Michel Balinski and Rida Laraki argue that the traditional theory of social choice offers no acceptable solution to the problems of how to elect, to judge, or to rank. They find that the traditional model—transforming the "preference lists" of individuals into a "preference list" of society—is fundamentally flawed in both theory and practice. Balinski and Laraki propose a more realistic model. It leads to an entirely new theory and method—majority judgment—proven superior to all known methods. It is at once meaningful, resists strategic manipulation, elicits honesty, and is not subject to the classical paradoxes encountered in practice, notably Condorcet's and Arrow's. They offer theoretical, practical, and experimental evidence—from national elections to figure skating competitions—to support their arguments. Drawing on insights from wine, sports, music, and other competitions, Balinski and Laraki argue that the question should not be how to transform many individual rankings into a single collective ranking, but rather, after defining a common language of grades to measure merit, how to transform the many individual evaluations of each competitor into a single collective evaluation of all competitors. The crux of the matter is a new model in which the traditional paradigm—to compare—is replaced by a new paradigm—to evaluate.
Book Synopsis The Mathematics of Preference, Choice and Order by : Steven Brams
Download or read book The Mathematics of Preference, Choice and Order written by Steven Brams and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-02-11 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Peter Fishburn has had a splendidly productive career that led to path-breaking c- tributions in a remarkable variety of areas of research. His contributions have been published in a vast literature, ranging through journals of social choice and welfare, decision theory, operations research, economic theory, political science, mathema- cal psychology, and discrete mathematics. This work was done both on an individual basis and with a very long list of coauthors. The contributions that Fishburn made can roughly be divided into three major topical areas, and contributions to each of these areas are identi?ed by sections of this monograph. Section 1 deals with topics that are included in the general areas of utility, preference, individual choice, subjective probability, and measurement t- ory. Section 2 covers social choice theory, voting models, and social welfare. S- tion 3 deals with more purely mathematical topics that are related to combinatorics, graph theory, and ordered sets. The common theme of Fishburn’s contributions to all of these areas is his ability to bring rigorous mathematical analysis to bear on a wide range of dif?cult problems.
Book Synopsis Mathematics and Democracy by : Steven J. Brams
Download or read book Mathematics and Democracy written by Steven J. Brams and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-12-02 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Voters today often desert a preferred candidate for a more viable second choice to avoid wasting their vote. Likewise, parties to a dispute often find themselves unable to agree on a fair division of contested goods. In Mathematics and Democracy, Steven Brams, a leading authority in the use of mathematics to design decision-making processes, shows how social-choice and game theory could make political and social institutions more democratic. Using mathematical analysis, he develops rigorous new procedures that enable voters to better express themselves and that allow disputants to divide goods more fairly. One of the procedures that Brams proposes is "approval voting," which allows voters to vote for as many candidates as they like or consider acceptable. There is no ranking, and the candidate with the most votes wins. The voter no longer has to consider whether a vote for a preferred but less popular candidate might be wasted. In the same vein, Brams puts forward new, more equitable procedures for resolving disputes over divisible and indivisible goods.
Book Synopsis Social Choice and Democratic Values by : Eerik Lagerspetz
Download or read book Social Choice and Democratic Values written by Eerik Lagerspetz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive overview and critique of the most important political and philosophical interpretations of the basic results of social choice, assessing their plausibility and seeking to identify the links between the theory of social choice and the more traditional issues of political theory and philosophy. In this regard, the author eschews a strong methodological commitment or technical formalism; the approach is instead based on the presentation of political facts and illustrated via numerous real-life examples. This allows the reader to get acquainted with the philosophical and political dispute surrounding voting and collective decision-making and its links to social choice theory.
Book Synopsis Comparative Constitution Making by : David Landau
Download or read book Comparative Constitution Making written by David Landau and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have witnessed an explosion of new research on constitution making. Comparative Constitution Making provides an up-to-date overview of this rapidly expanding field. p.p1 {margin: 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px 0.0px; font: 10.0px Arial}
Book Synopsis Applied Behavioral Economics Research and Trends by : Ianole, Rodica
Download or read book Applied Behavioral Economics Research and Trends written by Ianole, Rodica and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interdisciplinary factors in the modern business realm have significant impacts on economic agents within organizations. These behavioral influences affect multiple decision-making processes on both the individual and organizational levels. Applied Behavioral Economics Research and Trends provides a comprehensive examination of the social, psychological, and emotional factors in organizational behavior and economic decision-making and how these issues provide a deeper understanding of various economic behaviors. Highlighting relevant coverage across a range of topics, such as consumer behavior, inter-temporal choices, and self-employment, this book is ideally designed for managers, researchers, professionals, graduate students, and practitioners seeking scholarly material on the implications of behavioral economics across numerous industries.
Book Synopsis Why the Electoral College Is Bad for America by : George C. Edwards, III
Download or read book Why the Electoral College Is Bad for America written by George C. Edwards, III and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new edition of the best‑known book critiquing the U.S. electoral college In this third edition of the definitive book on the unique system by which Americans choose a president--and why that system should be changed--George Edwards includes a new chapter focusing on the 2016 election. "As the U.S. hurtles toward yet another election in which the popular vote loser may become president, Edwards's book is essential reading. It clearly and methodically punctures myths about the Electoral College's benefits."--Richard L. Hasen, author of The Voting Wars "Supported by both history and data, George Edwards convincingly argues the Electoral College is anti‑democratic, anti‑equality, and anti‑common sense. We should dismantle it, and soon."--Kent Greenfield, author of Corporations Are People Too (And They Should Act Like It)
Book Synopsis Democratic Theory Naturalized by : Walter Horn
Download or read book Democratic Theory Naturalized written by Walter Horn and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2020-10-05 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To some, the word populism suggests the tyranny of the mob; to others, it suggests a xenophobic nativism. It is often even considered conducive to (if not simply identical to) fascism. In Democratic Theory Naturalized: The Foundations of Distilled Populism, Walter Horn uses his theory of "CHOICE Voluntarism” to offer solutions to some of the most perplexing problems in democratic theory and distill populism to its core premise: giving people the power to govern themselves without any constraints imposed by those on the left or the right. Beginning with explanations of what it means to vote and what makes one society better off than another, Horn analyzes what makes for fair aggregation and appropriate, deliberative representation. Through his examination of the American government, Horn suggests solutions to contemporary problems such as gerrymandering, immigration control, and campaign finance, and offers answers to age-old questions like why dissenters should obey the majority and who should have the right to vote in various elections.
Book Synopsis Gaming the Vote by : William Poundstone
Download or read book Gaming the Vote written by William Poundstone and published by Hill and Wang. This book was released on 2009-02-17 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our Electoral System is Fundamentally Flawed, But There's a Simple and Fair Solution At least five U.S. presidential elections have been won by the second most popular candidate. The reason was a "spoiler"—a minor candidate who takes enough votes away from the most popular candidate to tip the election to someone else. The spoiler effect is more than a glitch. It is a consequence of one of the most surprising intellectual discoveries of the twentieth century: the "impossibility theorem" of Nobel laureate economist Kenneth Arrow. The impossibility theorem asserts that voting is fundamentally unfair—a finding that has not been lost on today's political consultants. Armed with polls, focus groups, and smear campaigns, political strategists are exploiting the mathematical faults of the simple majority vote. In recent election cycles, this has led to such unlikely tactics as Republicans funding ballot drives for Green spoilers and Democrats paying for right-wing candidates' radio ads. Gaming the Vote shows that there is a solution to the spoiler problem that will satisfy both right and left. A system called range voting, already widely used on the Internet, is the fairest voting method of all, according to computer studies. Despite these findings, range voting remains controversial, and Gaming the Vote assesses the obstacles confronting any attempt to change the American electoral system. The latest of several books by William Poundstone on the theme of how important scientific ideas have affected the real world, Gaming the Vote is a wry exposé of how the political system really works, and a call to action.
Book Synopsis More Parties Or No Parties by : Jack Santucci
Download or read book More Parties Or No Parties written by Jack Santucci and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "How should we think about electoral reform? What are the prospects for modern-day efforts to reform away the two-party system? This book offers a 'shifting coalitions' theory of electoral-system change, puts the Progressive Era in comparative perspective, and warns against repeating history. It casts reform as an effort to get or keep control of government, usually during periods of party realignment. Reform can be used to insulate some coalition, dislodge the one in power, or deal with noncommittal 'centrists.' Whether reform lasts depends less on the number of parties than whether it helps coalitions hold themselves together. This is where the Progressives got it wrong. Unable to win support for 'multi-party politics,' they built a reform movement on the idea of 'no parties.' They polarized local politics on the issue of 'corruption,' won proportional representation in 24 cities, then watched (and sometimes joined) its repeal in all but one case. Along the way, they found they needed parties after all, but the rules they had designed were not up to the task. This movement's legacy still shapes American politics: nonpartisan elections to undersized city councils. Today's reformers might do well to make peace with parties, and their critics might do well to make peace with having more. Keywords: American political development, comparative democratic institutions, electoral systems, institutional choice, party realignment, party systems, ranked-choice voting, representation, single transferable vote, social movements"--
Book Synopsis Artificial Intelligence Safety and Security by : Roman V. Yampolskiy
Download or read book Artificial Intelligence Safety and Security written by Roman V. Yampolskiy and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-27 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The history of robotics and artificial intelligence in many ways is also the history of humanity’s attempts to control such technologies. From the Golem of Prague to the military robots of modernity, the debate continues as to what degree of independence such entities should have and how to make sure that they do not turn on us, its inventors. Numerous recent advancements in all aspects of research, development and deployment of intelligent systems are well publicized but safety and security issues related to AI are rarely addressed. This book is proposed to mitigate this fundamental problem. It is comprised of chapters from leading AI Safety researchers addressing different aspects of the AI control problem as it relates to the development of safe and secure artificial intelligence. The book is the first edited volume dedicated to addressing challenges of constructing safe and secure advanced machine intelligence. The chapters vary in length and technical content from broad interest opinion essays to highly formalized algorithmic approaches to specific problems. All chapters are self-contained and could be read in any order or skipped without a loss of comprehension.
Book Synopsis Why the Electoral College Is Bad for America by : George C. Edwards III
Download or read book Why the Electoral College Is Bad for America written by George C. Edwards III and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2019-08-20 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new edition of the best-known book critiquing the U.S. electoral college In this third edition of the definitive book on the unique system by which Americans choose a president—and why that system should be changed—George Edwards includes a new chapter focusing on the 2016 election. “As the U.S. hurtles toward yet another election in which the popular vote loser may become president, Edwards’s book is essential reading. It clearly and methodically punctures myths about the Electoral College’s benefits.”—Richard L. Hasen, author of The Voting Wars “Supported by both history and data, George Edwards convincingly argues the Electoral College is anti†‘democratic, anti†‘equality, and anti†‘common sense. We should dismantle it, and soon.”—Kent Greenfield, author of Corporations Are People Too (And They Should Act Like It)
Book Synopsis Chaotic Elections! by : Donald Saari
Download or read book Chaotic Elections! written by Donald Saari and published by American Mathematical Soc.. This book was released on 2001-04-03 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What does the 2000 U.S. presidential election have in common with selecting a textbook for a calculus course in your department? Was Ralph Nader's influence on the election of George W. Bush greater than the now-famous chads? In Chaotic Elections!, Don Saari analyzes these questions, placing them in the larger context of voting systems in general. His analysis shows that the fundamental problems with the 2000 presidential election are not with the courts, recounts, or defective ballots, but are caused by the very way Americans vote for president. This expository book shows how mathematics can help to identify and characterize a disturbingly large number of paradoxical situations that result from the choice of a voting procedure. Moreover, rather than being able to dismiss them as anomalies, the likelihood of a dubious election result is surprisingly large. These consequences indicate that election outcomes--whether for president, the site of the next Olympics, the chair of a university department, or a prize winner--can differ from what the voters really wanted. They show that by using an inadequate voting procedure, we can, inadvertently, choose badly. To add to the difficulties, it turns out that the mathematical structures of voting admit several strategic opportunities, which are described. Finally, mathematics also helps identify positive results: By using mathematical symmetries, we can identify what the phrase ``what the voters really want'' might mean and obtain a unique voting method that satisfies these conditions. Saari's book should be required reading for anyone who wants to understand not only what happened in the presidential election of 2000, but also how we can avoid similar problems from appearing anytime any group is making a choice using a voting procedure. Reading this book requires little more than high school mathematics and an interest in how the apparently simple situation of voting can lead to surprising paradoxes.
