Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
The Agrarian Economies Of Central And Eastern Europe And The Commonwealth Of Independent States
Download The Agrarian Economies Of Central And Eastern Europe And The Commonwealth Of Independent States full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online The Agrarian Economies Of Central And Eastern Europe And The Commonwealth Of Independent States ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis The Agrarian Economies of Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States by : Csaba Csáki
Download or read book The Agrarian Economies of Central and Eastern Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States written by Csaba Csáki and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1998 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Content Description #Includes bibliographical references (p. ).
Book Synopsis Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe's Transition Economies by : Kym Anderson
Download or read book Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe's Transition Economies written by Kym Anderson and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2008-06-05 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vast majority of the world's poorest households depend on farming for their livelihood. During the 1960s and 1970s, most developing countries imposed pro-urban and anti-agricultural policies, while many high-income countries restricted agricultural imports and subsidized their farmers. Both sets of policies inhibited economic growth and poverty alleviation in developing countries. Although progress has been made over the past two decades to reduce those policy biases, many trade- and welfare-reducing price distortions remain between agriculture and other sectors as well as within the agricultural sector of both rich and poor countries. Comprehensive empirical studies of the disarray in world agricultural markets first appeared approximately 20 years ago. Since then the OECD has provided estimates each year of market distortions in high-income countries, but there has been no comparable estimates for the world's developing countries. This volume is the first in a series (other volumes cover Africa, Asia, and Latin America) that not only fill that void for recent years but extend the estimates in a consistent and comparable way back in time--and provide analytical narratives for scores of countries that shed light on the evolving nature and extent of policy interventions over the past half-century. 'Distortions to Agricultural Incentives in Europe's Transition Economies' provides an overview of the evolution of distortions to agricultural incentives caused by price and trade policies in the economies of Eastern Europe and Central Asia that are transitioning away from central planning. The book includes country and subregional studies of the ten transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe that joined the European Union in 2004 or 2007, of seven other large member countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States, and of Turkey. Together these countries comprise over 90 percent of the Europe and Central Asia region's population and GDP. Sectoral, trade, and exchange rate policies in the region have changed greatly since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, but price distortions remain. The new empirical indicators in these country studies provide a strong evidence-based foundation for evaluating policy options in the years ahead.
Book Synopsis Rural Development, Natural Resources, and the Environment by : L. Alexander Norsworthy
Download or read book Rural Development, Natural Resources, and the Environment written by L. Alexander Norsworthy and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000-01-01 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Many of the irrigation systems in Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union have been shut down because of problems related to organizational requirements, the supply of energy, land ownership, profitability, cost, agricultural marketing problems, and external and internal strife." Improving the relative inefficiency of agriculture and protection of the natural environment are two of the most important challenges facing the countries of the Commonwealth of Independent States and Central and Eastern Europe. This volume documents the development experience in rural, natural resources and environment projects, and research and technical assistance activities in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia Region. This experience has varied widely between sectors and between countries. However, certain lessons learned should inform future activities in the same sectors. Some of the most important findings for these economies include the importance of institutional capacity to sustain reforms, the value of facilitating local participation to increase the sustainability of development programs, and the requirements for fostering a dialog between stakeholders, including the private sector.
Book Synopsis Rural Development Strategy by : Csaba Csáki
Download or read book Rural Development Strategy written by Csaba Csáki and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report, based on an overview of recent regional developments, summarizes the revised World Bank assistance strategy for rural development in the Eastern Europe and Central Asia region. The rural sector includes the people; the economic development activities; the institutional, economic, and social infrastructure; and the natural resources of rural areas, and is thus not confined to agricultural alone. But this report focuses principally on Bank activities that support rural development and policy reforms designed to improve well-being and increase the competitiveness of all rural enterprises. Natural resources and social issues are addressed separately. Chapter 2 looks at the reform process in the rural sector, particularly the increasing differentiation between Central Europe and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Chapter 3 examines the Bank's strategy for rural development as manifested in its Country Assistance Strategies (CAS) and existing loan portfolio in ECA countries. Chapter 3 ends by discussing the Bank's achievement targets and components of its regional strategy.
Book Synopsis European Agriculture by : Frank Fuller
Download or read book European Agriculture written by Frank Fuller and published by Nova Publishers. This book was released on 2007 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an in-depth look at Europe's changing agricultural and food markets, focusing on the impacts of recent policy reforms, enlargement of the European Union (EU), and trade liberalisation. The papers included in this book braid together four important themes in European agriculture and food markets: the impacts of EU enlargement on productivity growth and catching up in the Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs), the influence of food quality standards on market structures in the CEECs and on trade, the impacts of common agricultural policy (CAP) reforms on EU and world markets, and the costs of adjusting to CAP reforms in specific sectors. The insights provided in these papers into the empirical interactions between policies, institutions, and market outcomes, both domestically and internationally, are valuable to policy makers and researchers interested in the future of European agriculture.
Book Synopsis Eastern Europe, the Former Soviet Union and World Agricultural Markets by : Ivan Roberts
Download or read book Eastern Europe, the Former Soviet Union and World Agricultural Markets written by Ivan Roberts and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Transition Countries by : Zvi Lerman
Download or read book Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Transition Countries written by Zvi Lerman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors review the role of land policies in the evolving farm structure of transition countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). They show how different policies for land property rights, degrees of control of land rental and sale markets, and procedures for restructuring former collective or state farms resulted in significantly different farm structures in CEE countries compared with those in the CIS. In particular, secure land rights, greater emphasis on indivualization of land, and more liberal land market policies in CEE generated a farming sector with a relatively large share of family farms and viable corporate farms. On the other hand, limited tenure security, ineffective individualization of land rights, and restrictive land policies in most of the CIS produced a farming structure dominated by large and generally nonviable jointly-owned farms that function much like the old collective farms. Family farms are slow to emerge in transition countries with inadequate land policies. The agricultural sector in countries dominated by inefficient farm organizations is characterized by low productivity and misallocation of resources.
Book Synopsis Seed Policy and Programmes for the Central and Eastern European Countries, Commonwealth of Independent States and Other Countries in Transition by :
Download or read book Seed Policy and Programmes for the Central and Eastern European Countries, Commonwealth of Independent States and Other Countries in Transition written by and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents the proceedings of a regional technical meeting held in Budapest, Hungary from 6 to 10 March 2001. The meeting was organized and implemented by the Agricultural Research Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Martonvasar, Hungary, in close collaboration with FAO's Seed and Plant Genetic Resources Service. In line with the Rome Declaration on World Food Security and the World Food Summit Plan of Action, the meeting recognized that one of the major challenges facing most countries in the region is the need to invest significant resources in strengthening their capacity to increase the availability of good quality seed of a wider range of plant varieties. This will contribute to the maximization of both agrobiodiversity and productivity, in order to achieve national food security while reducing environmental degradation and the depletion of natural resources."
Book Synopsis The Commonwealth of Independent States Economies by : Marcus Goncalves
Download or read book The Commonwealth of Independent States Economies written by Marcus Goncalves and published by . This book was released on 2017-08-30 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 2016 marks the 25th anniversary of the official inauguration of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), a free association of sovereign states comprised of Russia and 11 other republics that were formerly part of the Soviet Union (The CIS--Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine; the South Caucasus--Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia plus disconnected Abkhazia and South Ossetia; and Central Asia--Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan. Although this loose association of states may not exist as a fixed-entity on the globe, it is believed that this bloc of countries will continue to build upon the various separate regions in the former Soviet space in the coming decade. Despite major differences country-to-country, groups within each state share many common economic, political, and cultural characteristics, which many hope will fade with the passing of those generations that remember the common state. In this context, the Russian Federation holds a unique position in the Euro-Pacific area. Separate, distinct, but still bordering these regions and related to all of them to differing degrees, in the 2010s Russia will step up efforts to become an independent center of gravity in Northern Eurasia. Leaning on its CIS allies and partners, Moscow is willing to fortify its stance vis-à-vis its geopolitical competitors--the European Union in the west, and China in the east. Nevertheless, the combination of factors that determined the plunge in the economy of the CIS since the second quarter of 2015 persists today. These factors included the sharp fall in commodities prices, restrictions on access to international capital markets due to sanctions against Russia and a deceleration in China, which is the region's main trading partner. Although economic conditions in most of the CIS economies are challenging, differences in growth dynamics persist. Oil and gas exporting countries, namely Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkmenistan, are seeing economic conditions deteriorating rapidly because of the sharp fall in energy prices. Meanwhile, most of the labor-exporting countries (Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, and Tajikistan) are seeing the deterioration in growth rates, mainly due to strong production in the agricultural sector and, in some cases, increased activity in the extractive sector. This book provides a regional analysis, as well as country scan, of the CIS regional block economies. We will examine their history since the breakup of the formal Soviet Union and the formation of the CIS bloc, including creation of regional agreements such as the CIS Free Trade Area and the Eurasian Economic Union, a single economic market which now represents more than 180 million people. As a whole, our text attempts to better understand current, and future, prospects for economic growth in the region, as well as their individual national challenges.
Book Synopsis Farm Debt in the CIS by : Csaba Csáki
Download or read book Farm Debt in the CIS written by Csaba Csáki and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2001-01-01 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study presents the results of the multi-country study for farm debt in five Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) countries - Belarus, Kazakhstan, Moldova, Russia, and the Ukraine. It offers a comparative analysis of the level and composition of farm debt in these countries and reviews the major reasons for farm debt accumulation in the 1990s.
Book Synopsis Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Transition Countries by : Zvi Lerman
Download or read book Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Transition Countries written by Zvi Lerman and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2002 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Farm Sector Restructuring in Belarus by : Csaba Csáki
Download or read book Farm Sector Restructuring in Belarus written by Csaba Csáki and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2000 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Agriculture remains the main source of employment and livelihood for the large rural population of many transition countries, especially among the former Soviet republics. Accordingly, the World Bank continuously monitors the progress of land reform and farm restructuring in the region because of the potential impact of these processes on rural development and poverty alleviation in rural areas. The present study on Belarus is the latest addition to a long and growing series of World Bank publications on land reform and farm restructuring in the former socialist countries of Europe and Central Asia. The unique features of all these publications is their reliance on first-hand empirical information collected through extensive farm surveys of various rural constituencies. Analysis of survey findings enables the World Bank to base its policy dialogue with governments in the region on solid empirical facts, making the Bank's recommendations more credible and relevant. The survey findings in this volume will provide a platform for useful policy discussions with this country's government and supply international donors that are active there with essential information to design their strategic programs.
Book Synopsis Promoting Farmer Entrepreneurship Through Producer Organizations in Central and Eastern Europe by : John Millns
Download or read book Promoting Farmer Entrepreneurship Through Producer Organizations in Central and Eastern Europe written by John Millns and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On 1 May 1 2004, after a 14-year transitional period from central planning to market economics, eight Central and Eastern European (CEE) countries (the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia) became members of the European Union (EU). Bulgaria and Romania are preparing for accession and are expected to join in 2007. Croatia submitted its application for membership in 2002 and Macedonia in 2004. Part One of this paper presents an overall analysis of the situation and development of producer groups and farmer cooperatives across the CEE countries, including the new EU members, the applicant countries and Balkan states alike. Part Two provides a case study of FAO's experiences and lessons learned with technical assistance programmes and projects in the subregion. The example presents a number of practical suggestions as to how development organisations, governments, donors and advisers might be best able to facilitate the formulation and implementation of policies and strategies that promote the further development of more autonomous and financially sustainable producers' organisations and cooperatives in CEE countries.
Book Synopsis Agricultural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in Transition Economies Focus on South Eastern Europe - Proceedings of OECD Expert Meeting, Portoroz, Slovenia, May 2001 by : OECD
Download or read book Agricultural Finance and Credit Infrastructure in Transition Economies Focus on South Eastern Europe - Proceedings of OECD Expert Meeting, Portoroz, Slovenia, May 2001 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2001-09-24 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - What has been achieved in rural finance and institutional reform during more than a decade of transition and what challenges remain? - What are the special needs of South Eastern European countries to attract agricultural credit and finance to ...
Book Synopsis Guide to Business Information on Central and Eastern Europe by : Tania Konn
Download or read book Guide to Business Information on Central and Eastern Europe written by Tania Konn and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guide is an introduction to English language sources, in electronic and conventional print forms, dealing with Central and Eastern European business issues. It gives evaluative descriptions and costs of all listed sources, and concentrates on recent sources. Sources in respect of some of these countries can be difficult to locate, and the author provides guidance on how to go about finding them.
Book Synopsis Private Agriculture in Armenia by : Zvi Lerman
Download or read book Private Agriculture in Armenia written by Zvi Lerman and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2001 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details and analyzes an extensive farm survey of Armenian land reform. Zvi Lerman and Astghik Mirzakhanian, two principal contributors to the design of the study, present their invaluable insight into the rapid land reform strategy implemented in Armenia. Unique among the former Soviet Republics, the entire agricultural sector of this country shifted from collective, large-scale, farm enterprises to individual production in 1992. The authors pay special attention to the commercialization of private farms and their access to supply and marketing channels outside the old state-controlled system. Family incomes from farming and off-farm sources are discussed, as well as problems of rural social services and social infrastructure. The authors demonstrate how official statistical measures and record keeping practices in Armenia do not adequately account for this dramatic transition.
Book Synopsis Agriculture in Transition by : Zvi Lerman
Download or read book Agriculture in Transition written by Zvi Lerman and published by Lexington Books. This book was released on 2004 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Agriculture in Transition: Land Policies and Evolving Farm Structures in Post Soviet Countries authors Zvi Lerman, Csaba Csaki, and Gershon Feder study the land policies and farming structures of these newly emerging nations as components of institutional change in the rural sector - change from a centralized rural economy to a market-oriented economy.
