Terahertz Local Oscillator Via Difference Frequency Generation In Iii V Semiconductors Using Frequency Stabilized Lasers

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Terahertz Local Oscillator Via Difference Frequency Generation in III-V Semiconductors Using Frequency Stabilized Lasers

Author : Greg Herman
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 154 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (867 download)

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Book Synopsis Terahertz Local Oscillator Via Difference Frequency Generation in III-V Semiconductors Using Frequency Stabilized Lasers by : Greg Herman

Download or read book Terahertz Local Oscillator Via Difference Frequency Generation in III-V Semiconductors Using Frequency Stabilized Lasers written by Greg Herman and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terahertz (THz) heterodyne receiver systems are required by NASA to monitor gas concentrations related to the Earth's ozone depletion. To this end, NASA needs compact, solid state, tunable THz local oscillators. THz LOs have been developed using three means: 1) All-electronic LOs using mixers in combination with Gunn oscillators, 2) Hybrid Photo-electronic LOs using a cw analog of the Auston switch, and 3) All-photonic THz LOs using coherent sources, such as vapor lasers or solid-state Quantum Cascade Lasers, and down converting lasers using nonlinear crystals. In this dissertation, we began with two frequency stabilized Nd:YAG lasers, locked to a common reference cavity, as a starting point to having a stable input into a nonlinear optical frequency conversion system. Following this, we explored the nonlinear crystals useful for THz generation, and the phasematching schemes that could be employed by each. We concluded by settling on highly insulating III-V semiconductor crystals as the proper choice of nonlinear element, and put together a new phasematching method that is most useful for them.

Compact Terahertz Sources Based on Difference Frequency Generation

Author : Pu Zhao
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781267708434
Total Pages : 141 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (84 download)

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Book Synopsis Compact Terahertz Sources Based on Difference Frequency Generation by : Pu Zhao

Download or read book Compact Terahertz Sources Based on Difference Frequency Generation written by Pu Zhao and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To further improve the output power of the compact source, some more novel configurations are investigated, such as intracavity DFG, compact pump source using dual-frequency passively Q-switched laser, novel optical parametric oscillator with dual-signal and dual-idler output. All these efforts, we believe, will be essential to the realization of the applications of our THz sources in the future.

Broadly Tunable Terahertz Difference Frequency Generation in Mid-infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers

Author : Yifan Jiang (Ph. D. in electrical and computer engineering)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 204 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (111 download)

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Book Synopsis Broadly Tunable Terahertz Difference Frequency Generation in Mid-infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers by : Yifan Jiang (Ph. D. in electrical and computer engineering)

Download or read book Broadly Tunable Terahertz Difference Frequency Generation in Mid-infrared Quantum Cascade Lasers written by Yifan Jiang (Ph. D. in electrical and computer engineering) and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Room-temperature terahertz (THz) sources analogous to diode lasers in the near-infrared/visible or quantum cascade lasers (QCL) in the mid-infrared (mid-IR), i.e., electrically pumped, compact, widely tunable, and suitable for low-cost production, are highly desired for feasible and inexpensive THz systems. This dissertation focuses on demonstrating broadly tunable, room-temperature THz systems based on intra-cavity difference frequency generation (DFG) in mid-IR QCLs with improved spectral capability for versatile applications. Spectral control using an external cavity provides the widest tuning range and is favored for real-world applications. DFG-THz could be spectrally tuned by either tuning one mid-IR pump or by tuning both mid-IR pumps together. I built a Littrow-type, external cavity THz DFG-QCL system that generated spectral tunable THz radiation by fixing one mid-IR pump frequency with an integrated DFB grating on top of the QCL structure and tuning the other mid-IR pump frequency with an external grating, thus demonstrating record broadband narrow linewidth THz frequency tuning from 1.2 to 5.9 THz. A Cherenkov waveguide is used in this system to extract THz radiation through the semi-insulating InP substrate; however, InP has dispersion in 1–6 THz, resulting in steering far field profiles for different THz frequencies. Replacing the InP substrate with high-resistance silicon through an adhesive bonding process solved the beam steering problem of this THz DFG-QCL system. I also built a double-Littrow, external cavity DFG-THz system that tunes both mid-IR pump frequencies using two external diffraction gratings. Such a system allows performing a comprehensive spectroscopic study of the optical nonlinearity and its dependence on the mid-infrared pump frequencies. Our work shows that the terahertz generation efficiency can vary by a factor of two or more, depending on the spectral position of the mid-infrared pumps, even for a fixed THz difference frequency. Using this system, we investigated different active region designs: bound-to-continuum, continuum-to-continuum, three-phonon-resonance, and dual-upper-state active region design. Our studies show THz DFG-QCL based a bound-to-continuum active region with gain centered around 15 μm has an order of magnitude enhancement of mid-IR to THz conversion efficiency, which provides a trend for future improvement of the power performance of THz DFG-QCLs

Interaction of Terahertz Radiation with Semiconductor Lasers

Author : Jared Ombiro Gwaro
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3736960379
Total Pages : 126 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)

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Book Synopsis Interaction of Terahertz Radiation with Semiconductor Lasers by : Jared Ombiro Gwaro

Download or read book Interaction of Terahertz Radiation with Semiconductor Lasers written by Jared Ombiro Gwaro and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2019-06-18 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terahertz (THz) technology bears great potential in spectroscopy, imaging, material science, security screening and high-speed wireless communication. However, the generation of intensive, directional THz radiation has been difficult and the THz frequency range has long been considered the last final frontier of the electromagnetic spectrum. Recent advancement in optoelectronic terahertz generation techniques and high power electronic sources has helped to bridge the THz gap and has opened up a wealth of new applications for THz technology. However, there is still a major technical limitation in developing THz systems for mass markets, mainly due to the cost of THz hardware components including sources and detectors. In this regard, we investigated the use of semiconductor diode lasers as THz detectors as well as excitation sources for photomixers for THz generation. For THz detection, we investigated the interaction of semiconductor lasers with THz radiation. Intense THz radiation from different sources and at various frequencies was injected into the laser diode. The laser diode was operated in Littman configuration to ensure clean single mode operation in the near infrared. The charge carrier system in the semiconductor was expected to interact with the injected THz radiation and introduce nonlinear frequency mixing. This nonlinear mixing was to induce sidebands in the near infrared optical spectra and was to be analyzed with an optical spectrum analyzer. This may lead to the demonstration of a simple, cost effective and compact room temperature THz spectrometer since the distance between the emission line and the sidebands equals the incident THz frequency. Unfortunatly, due to unprecedented challenges the interaction of THz radiation with diode laser experiment was not successful. Another approach was to demonstrate a compact and cost effective THz source based on monolithic distributed Bragg reflector diode laser emitting two frequencies simulteneously. We successfully demonstrated 300 GHz continuous wave THz radiation, with fiber coupled ion implanted photoconductive antennas used as photomixing devices. The generated THz radiation was tunable via temperature adjustments and current injection. This approach provided a coarse tuning in the range of 286 GHz to 320 GHz. We successfully demonstrated its potential use in non-destructive plant moisture measurements of a leaf induced to drought stresses and for moisture monitoring in drying process of pieces of paper. Due to the fact that the tuning of the developed THz source was coarse, we proposed the use of a new diode which was electrically tunable for fine tuning of the generated THz frequency. The new diode offers optical beat signal adjustments via carrier injection to the DBR section using micro resistor heater integrated on top of the DBR segment. The optical beat tuning via carrier injection was fast and offers tuning which should be free from mode hopping. The injection current to the resistor heater can be adjusted between 0 to 350 mA, an optical beat adjustment of between 100 GHz-300 GHz was realized. This bandwidth was only limited with the overlap of the two modes at higher heater currents of 250 mA to 350 mA. THz radiation emission via photomixing in the range 100 GHz-300 GHz was successfully demonstrated, these results were in good agreement with the optical beat signal measurements. Finally, a simple spectrometer suitable for THz metrology measurements such as thickness determination of Polyethylene sample (PE) was realized and also its application in THz spectroscopy was demonstrated by the determination of the spectroscopic transmission characteristics of a THz filter. In summary, two compact THz sources emitting at 300 GHz were successfully demonstrated and this was a major milestone towards development of compact and cost effective THz system for mass market application.

Frequency Locking and Monitoring Based on Bi-directional Terahertz Radiation of a 3rd-order Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser

Download Frequency Locking and Monitoring Based on Bi-directional Terahertz Radiation of a 3rd-order Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser PDF Online Free

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 11 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Frequency Locking and Monitoring Based on Bi-directional Terahertz Radiation of a 3rd-order Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser by :

Download or read book Frequency Locking and Monitoring Based on Bi-directional Terahertz Radiation of a 3rd-order Distributed Feedback Quantum Cascade Laser written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, we have performed frequency locking of a dual, forward reverse emitting third-order distributed feedback quantum cascade laser (QCL) at 3.5 THz. By using both directions of THz emission in combination with two gas cells and two power detectors, we can for the first time perform frequency stabilization, while monitor the frequency locking quality independently. We also characterize how the use of a less sensitive pyroelectric detector can influence the quality of frequency locking, illustrating experimentally that the sensitivity of the detectors is crucial. Using both directions of terahertz (THz) radiation has a particular advantage for the application of a QCL as a local oscillator, where radiation from one side can be used for frequency/phase stabilization, leaving the other side to be fully utilized as a local oscillator to pump a mixer.

Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications

Author : Jun Ye
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0387237917
Total Pages : 373 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (872 download)

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Book Synopsis Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications by : Jun Ye

Download or read book Femtosecond Optical Frequency Comb: Principle, Operation and Applications written by Jun Ye and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-06-15 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last few years, there has been a convergence between the fields of ultrafast science, nonlinear optics, optical frequency metrology, and precision laser spectroscopy. These fields have been developing largely independently since the birth of the laser, reaching remarkable levels of performance. On the ultrafast frontier, pulses of only a few cycles long have been produced, while in optical spectroscopy, the precision and resolution have reached one part in Although these two achievements appear to be completely disconnected, advances in nonlinear optics provided the essential link between them. The resulting convergence has enabled unprecedented advances in the control of the electric field of the pulses produced by femtosecond mode-locked lasers. The corresponding spectrum consists of a comb of sharp spectral lines with well-defined frequencies. These new techniques and capabilities are generally known as “femtosecond comb technology. ” They have had dramatic impact on the diverse fields of precision measurement and extreme nonlinear optical physics. The historical background for these developments is provided in the Foreword by two of the pioneers of laser spectroscopy, John Hall and Theodor Hänsch. Indeed the developments described in this book were foreshadowed by Hänsch’s early work in the 1970s when he used picosecond pulses to demonstrate the connection between the time and frequency domains in laser spectroscopy. This work complemented the advances in precision laser stabilization developed by Hall.

Crystal Nonlinear Optics

Author : Arlee Smith
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780692056783
Total Pages : 782 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (567 download)

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Book Synopsis Crystal Nonlinear Optics by : Arlee Smith

Download or read book Crystal Nonlinear Optics written by Arlee Smith and published by . This book was released on 2018-02-21 with total page 782 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced textbook on crystal nonlinear optics.

Hot Electrons in Semiconductors

Author : N. Balkan
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780198500582
Total Pages : 536 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (5 download)

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Book Synopsis Hot Electrons in Semiconductors by : N. Balkan

Download or read book Hot Electrons in Semiconductors written by N. Balkan and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Under certain conditions electrons in a semiconductor become much hotter than the surrounding crystal lattice. When this happens, Ohm's Law breaks down: current no longer increases linearly with voltage and may even decrease. Hot electrons have long been a challenging problem in condensed matter physics and remain important in semiconductor research. Recent advances in technology have led to semiconductors with submicron dimensions, where electrons can be confined to two (quantum well), one (quantum wire), or zero (quantum dot) dimensions. In these devices small voltages heat electrons rapidly, inducing complex nonlinear behavior; the study of hot electrons is central to their further development. This book is the only comprehensive and up-to-date coverage of hot electrons. Intended for both established researchers and graduate students, it gives a complete account of the historical development of the subject, together with current research and future trends, and covers the physics of hot electrons in bulk and low-dimensional device technology. The contributions are from leading scientists in the field and are grouped broadly into five categories: introduction and overview; hot electron-phonon interactions and ultra-fast phenomena in bulk and two-dimensional structures; hot electrons in quantum wires and dots; hot electron tunneling and transport in superlattices; and novel devices based on hot electron transport.

Microwave and Wireless Synthesizers

Author : Ulrich L. Rohde
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119666007
Total Pages : 818 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (196 download)

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Book Synopsis Microwave and Wireless Synthesizers by : Ulrich L. Rohde

Download or read book Microwave and Wireless Synthesizers written by Ulrich L. Rohde and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-27 with total page 818 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of the leading resource on designing digital frequency synthesizers from microwave and wireless applications, fully updated to reflect the most modern integrated circuits and semiconductors Microwave and Wireless Synthesizers: Theory and Design, Second Edition, remains the standard text on the subject by providing complete and up-to-date coverage of both practical and theoretical aspects of modern frequency synthesizers and their components. Featuring contributions from leading experts in the field, this classic volume describes loop fundamentals, noise and spurious responses, special loops, loop components, multiloop synthesizers, and more. Practical synthesizer examples illustrate the design of a high-performance hybrid synthesizer and performance measurement techniques—offering readers clear instruction on the various design steps and design rules. The second edition includes extensively revised content throughout, including a modern approach to dealing with the noise and spurious response of loops and updated material on digital signal processing and architectures. Reflecting today's technology, new practical and validated examples cover a combination of analog and digital synthesizers and hybrid systems. Enhanced and expanded chapters discuss implementations of direct digital synthesis (DDS) architectures, the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), crystal and other high-Q based oscillators, arbitrary waveform generation, vector signal generation, and other current tools and techniques. Now requiring no additional literature to be useful, this comprehensive, one-stop resource: Provides a fully reviewed, updated, and enhanced presentation of microwave and wireless synthesizers Presents a clear mathematical method for designing oscillators for best noise performance at both RF and microwave frequencies Contains new illustrations, figures, diagrams, and examples Includes extensive appendices to aid in calculating phase noise in free-running oscillators, designing VHF and UHF oscillators with CAD software, using state-of-the-art synthesizer chips, and generating millimeter wave frequencies using the delay line principle Containing numerous designs of proven circuits and more than 500 relevant citations from scientific journal and papers, Microwave and Wireless Synthesizers: Theory and Design, Second Edition, is a must-have reference for engineers working in the field of radio communication, and the perfect textbook for advanced electrical engineering students.

Terahertz Frequency Detection and Identification of Materials and Objects

Author : R.E. Miles
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402065035
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Terahertz Frequency Detection and Identification of Materials and Objects by : R.E. Miles

Download or read book Terahertz Frequency Detection and Identification of Materials and Objects written by R.E. Miles and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-09-08 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Want an overview of where the technology of terahertz detection has been going? Here it is. The technology has largely been developed around expensive and bulky femtosecond laser systems but, as described in this book, advances in semiconductor superlattice technology are leading to compact "electronic" sources such as the quantum cascade laser, two-terminal "Gunn" type oscillators and even a THz frequency amplifier. These advances towards electronic (as opposed to optical) THz systems mean that the technology will become portable and much less costly.

Frequency Standards

Author : Fritz Riehle
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527605959
Total Pages : 540 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Frequency Standards by : Fritz Riehle

Download or read book Frequency Standards written by Fritz Riehle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Of all measurement units, frequency is the one that may be determined with the highest degree of accuracy. It equally allows precise measurements of other physical and technical quantities, whenever they can be measured in terms of frequency. This volume covers the central methods and techniques relevant for frequency standards developed in physics, electronics, quantum electronics, and statistics. After a review of the basic principles, the book looks at the realisation of commonly used components. It then continues with the description and characterisation of important frequency standards from atomic clocks, to frequency stabilised lasers. The whole is rounded of with a discussion of topical applications in engineering, telecommunications, and metrology.

Handbook of Terahertz Technologies

Author : Ho-Jin Song
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9814613096
Total Pages : 606 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (146 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook of Terahertz Technologies by : Ho-Jin Song

Download or read book Handbook of Terahertz Technologies written by Ho-Jin Song and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-15 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Terahertz waves, which lie in the frequency range of 0.1-10 THz, have long been investigated in a few limited fields, such as astronomy, because of a lack of devices for their generation and detection. Several technical breakthroughs made over the last couple of decades now allow us to radiate and detect terahertz waves more easily, which has trigg

Astrophysics, Clocks and Fundamental Constants

Author : Savely G Karshenboim
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 9783662144596
Total Pages : 368 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (445 download)

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Book Synopsis Astrophysics, Clocks and Fundamental Constants by : Savely G Karshenboim

Download or read book Astrophysics, Clocks and Fundamental Constants written by Savely G Karshenboim and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-01-15 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

International Aerospace Abstracts

Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1146 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis International Aerospace Abstracts by :

Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Fundamentals of Semiconductors

Author : Peter YU
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540264752
Total Pages : 651 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Semiconductors by : Peter YU

Download or read book Fundamentals of Semiconductors written by Peter YU and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excellent bridge between general solid-state physics textbook and research articles packed with providing detailed explanations of the electronic, vibrational, transport, and optical properties of semiconductors "The most striking feature of the book is its modern outlook ... provides a wonderful foundation. The most wonderful feature is its efficient style of exposition ... an excellent book." Physics Today "Presents the theoretical derivations carefully and in detail and gives thorough discussions of the experimental results it presents. This makes it an excellent textbook both for learners and for more experienced researchers wishing to check facts. I have enjoyed reading it and strongly recommend it as a text for anyone working with semiconductors ... I know of no better text ... I am sure most semiconductor physicists will find this book useful and I recommend it to them." Contemporary Physics Offers much new material: an extensive appendix about the important and by now well-established, deep center known as the DX center, additional problems and the solutions to over fifty of the problems at the end of the various chapters.

Frontiers and Advances in Molecular Spectroscopy

Author : Jaan Laane
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0128112212
Total Pages : 788 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Frontiers and Advances in Molecular Spectroscopy by : Jaan Laane

Download or read book Frontiers and Advances in Molecular Spectroscopy written by Jaan Laane and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 788 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Frontiers and Advances in Molecular Spectroscopy once again brings together the most eminent scientists from around the world to describe their work at the cutting-edge of molecular spectroscopy. Much of what we know about atoms, molecules and the nature of matter has been obtained using spectroscopy over the last one hundred years or so. Going far beyond the topics discussed in Jaan Laane’s earlier book on the subject, these chapters describe new methodologies and applications, instrumental developments and theory, which are taking spectroscopy into still new frontiers. The robust range of topics once again demonstrates the wide utility of spectroscopic techniques. New topics include ultrafast spectroscopy of the transition state, SERS/far-uv spectroscopy, femtosecond coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy, high-resolution laser induced fluorescence spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy and biosensors, vibrational optical activity, ultrafast two-dimensional spectroscopy, biology with x-ray lasers, isomerization dynamics and hydrogen bonding, single molecule imaging, spectra of intermediates, matrix isolation spectroscopy and more. Covers spectroscopic investigations on the cutting edge of science Written and edited by leading experts in their respective fields Allows researchers to access a broad range of essential modern spectroscopy content from a single source rather than wading through hundreds of scattered journal articles

The Elements of Nonlinear Optics

Author : Paul N. Butcher
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521424240
Total Pages : 364 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (242 download)

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Book Synopsis The Elements of Nonlinear Optics by : Paul N. Butcher

Download or read book The Elements of Nonlinear Optics written by Paul N. Butcher and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There has recently been a rapid growth of activity in nonlinear optics. Effects such as frequency doubling, stimulated Raman scattering, phase conjugation and solitons are of great interest both for their fundamental properties and their many important applications in science and engineering. It is mainly these applications - especially in telecommunications and information processing - that have stimulated the recent surge of activity. This book is a self contained account of the most important principles of nonlinear optics. Assuming only a familiarity with basic mathematics, the fundamentals of nonlinear optics are fully developed from basic concepts. The essential quantum mechanical apparatus is introduced and explained. In later chapters the underlying ideas are illustrated by discussing particular experimental configurations and materials. This book will be an invaluable introduction to the field for beginning graduates in physics or engineering, and will provide an excellent overview and reference work for active researchers in the field.