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Temperature Dependence Of Crude Oil Brine Interfacial Rheological Properties
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Book Synopsis Temperature-dependence of Crude Oil-brine Interfacial Rheological Properties by : Kelly Meyers
Download or read book Temperature-dependence of Crude Oil-brine Interfacial Rheological Properties written by Kelly Meyers and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-salinity waterflooding has proven to be a valuable enhanced oil recovery method, improving volumetric sweep efficiency and reducing residual oil saturation. This method, also coined adjusted brine chemistry, has allowed the research community to gain insight into the situationally dominant mechanisms of low-salinity waterflooding. Complex in situ relationships are generally separated into rock-fluid and fluid-fluid interactions. While wettability alteration is utilized to evaluate rock-fluid interactions, rheological properties effectively characterize the crude oil-water interface present to both upstream and downstream operations of the petroleum industry. High interfacial viscoelasticity has been shown to improve oil recovery, but the complex relationships among surface-active organic components are still not understood. Naphthenic acids work in opposition to asphaltenes by softening the interfacial structure creating a film resistant to rupture yet pliable under deformation forces. Due to experimental constraints, rheological evidence of this behavior exists only at low temperatures. A spinning drop tensiometer was used to evaluate the effect of various naphthenic acid species concentration in low-salinity brine on interfacial viscoelastic properties at high temperature. Shear and dilatational rheology experiments provide insight into naphthenic acid behavior at the interface and are qualitatively compared with spinning drop results at low temperature. Spinning drop data, although still under investigation, suggest naphthenic acids have a lesser effect on interfacial viscoelastic properties at high temperature. Titration and partitioning experiments provided analytical support for the temperature-dependent rheological results. The intent of the commissioned spinning drop instrument was to evaluate its ability to characterize interfacial dynamics. Spinning drop data show diverging results with respect to other rheological techniques, introducing the need to further understand this competing phenomenon.
Book Synopsis Linking Adjusted Brine Chemistry EOR Effects to Interfacial Rheology and Solid Liquid Interfacial Reactions by : Mohamed Ibrahim Hafez Mohamed
Download or read book Linking Adjusted Brine Chemistry EOR Effects to Interfacial Rheology and Solid Liquid Interfacial Reactions written by Mohamed Ibrahim Hafez Mohamed and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, we aim at linking brine-crude oil interactions, and rock-fluid interactions in oil reservoirs. It is often claimed that either interactions is the dominant factor causing increased oil recovery while adjusting the brine chemistry and adjusting the salinity of the injected brine. Using contact angle measurements, zeta potential, and spontaneous imbibition the rock-fluid properties were evaluated. Low-salinity brine was found to alter the wettability of strong oil-wet sandstone surfaces to intermediate oil wet. Oil wetted quartz substrates showed no response when the exposed to low-salinity brine. Modifying the brine chemistry using sulfate ions and calcium ions result in a slight reduction of the contact angle without altering the wettability. Measurement of interfacial rheology using pendant drop, drop size distribution and spinning drop showed that brine could govern less snap-off and more coalescence of oil droplets to form oil banks. Interfacial findings presented a more satisfactory explanation of the recovery trends observed.
Book Synopsis Evaluation of the Effects of Brine Chemistry Salinity on Gibbs Oil Interfacial Tension and Dynamic Moduli Properties by : Amy Michelle Brandvik
Download or read book Evaluation of the Effects of Brine Chemistry Salinity on Gibbs Oil Interfacial Tension and Dynamic Moduli Properties written by Amy Michelle Brandvik and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The FTA 1000 oscillating pendant drop apparatus was modified and used to measure the dilational elasticity modulus and interfacial tension of Gibbs crude oil in different dilutions of NaCl and CaCl2 brines. The brine samples were diluted by 100, 500 and 1000 parts from an initial ionic strength of 0.6724M. The crude oil samples were not diluted, but used at full strength. Measurements were conducted at both 25 and 50°C to understand the effects of crude oil viscosity on dilational elasticity modulus values. Results showed that although dynamic moduli values for Gibbs crude oil depended on temperature, aging time, brine composition and brine ionic strength, interfacial tension and rate of changes of interfacial tension values displayed little variations. The interfaces formed from the monovalent brines appeared to be slightly more rigid, although all interfaces tested were highly elastic. The elastic nature of oil-water interfaces immersed in both monovalent and divalent brines were similar at the initial ionic strength of 0.6724M, but diverged with brine dilution. Diluted divalent brines affected the Gibbs oil interface formation and dynamic moduli properties more strongly that diluted monovalent brines, and lead to increased interface growth. It appears that there may exist a kinetic rate of film formation that is affected by temperature during aging. Finally, as the dynamic moduli created a wide array of results while interfacial tension changed little, dynamic modulus values are an important consideration for any oil recovery system, as fluids move in a dynamic fashion. The outcomes of this research may explain related stability results, namely that lower ionic strength brines form more stable emulsions for Gibbs field oil as well as for other crude oils previously examined. These results might impact the interpretation of several enhanced oil recovery processes.
Book Synopsis Influence of Anion Type on the Dynamic Interfacial Properties of a Crude Oil by : Jordy Sarmas
Download or read book Influence of Anion Type on the Dynamic Interfacial Properties of a Crude Oil written by Jordy Sarmas and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Controlled salinity water flooding has shown to be a promising enhanced recovery method that can reduce residual oil saturation. Currently, no unified criterion exists to explain the mechanisms by which this form of water-flooding leads to higher oil recovery. Research on the subject attributes the results to complex rock/fluid and fluid/fluid interactions. Wettability alteration is used to characterize rock/fluid interactions, while rheology can characterize fluid/fluid interactions in dynamical systems. High interfacial viscoelasticity has shown to suppress snap- off, improve oil phase connectivity, and consequently increase oil recoveries. However, the relationships between the surface-active components of the crude oil and the brine ions remains unclear. Regarding components in crude oil, asphaltenes have been reported to contribute to interface strengthening, while naphthenic acids and other organic acids induce softening. On the other hand, mainly polyvalent cations, also called active ions, can induce a more rigid interface. The effect of anions on the phenomena has gone essentially unexplored. Tensiometry and rheology techniques were used to evaluate the effect of different anions on the conformation of the crude oil/brine interface, both in low- and high-salinity regimes. Experiments using pendant drop tensiometers and dilatational rheometers show that as the size and complexity of the anions increase, the interfacial film becomes more resistant to deformation. In addition, a liquid bridge technique was used to estimate the stability of the crude oil/water interface. A good connection with rheology and tensiometry results was established. Finally, further research is needed to clarify the mechanisms by which this occurs.
Book Synopsis Impact of Pressure and Added Diluents on Rheological Properties of Heavy Oils by : Sepideh Mortazavi Manesh
Download or read book Impact of Pressure and Added Diluents on Rheological Properties of Heavy Oils written by Sepideh Mortazavi Manesh and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rheological properties of heavy oil and bitumen depend on factors such as temperature, pressure, diluent type and diluent composition, as well as sample shear and thermal histories and shear conditions during measurements. Each of these factors can affect the value of apparent viscosity significantly. Uncertainties in the available literature data arise when one or more of these factors have not been considered and have not been reported. Heavy oil and bitumen exhibit non-Newtonian rheological behaviors at lower temperatures. Methods for detecting and quantifying non-Newtonian behaviors are developed, presented and explored in this work using a well-characterized heavy crude oil. The methods and results presented for Maya crude oil provide a reliable database for rheological model development and evaluation, and a template for assessing the rheological behavior of other heavy crude oils. The thixotropic behavior of Maya crude oil was explored systematically using a stress-controlled rheometer. Thixotropy affects the efficiency and length scale of mixing during blending operations, and flow behaviors in pipes and pipelines following flow disruption where it affects the pressure required to reinitiate flow. Maya crude oil is shown to be a shear thinning fluid below 313 K. The thixotropic behaviors are explored using transient stress techniques (hysteresis loops, step-wise change in shear rate, start-up experiments). The magnitude of the thixotropy effect is larger at lower temperatures. Relationships are identified between rest times and other thixotropic parameters such as hysteresis loop area and stress decay in start-up experiments. Stress growth, which occurs as a result of a step-down in shear rate, is shown to correlate with temperature. The interrelation between rheological behavior of Maya crude oil and its phase behavior is discussed. The effect of pressure on the non-Newtonian rheological properties of Maya crude oil is also investigated over broad ranges of temperature from (258 to 333) K and at pressures up to 150 bar. At fixed temperature, the magnitude of the non-Newtonian behaviors of Maya crude oil appears to increase with increasing the pressure and shear thinning is shown to persist to higher pressures below 313 K. Boundaries of the non-Newtonian region with respect to temperature, pressure and viscosity are identified and discussed. The thixotropic behavior of Maya crude oil is also shown to persist at higher pressure and the recovery of the moduli at rest appears to be faster at elevated pressures than at atmospheric pressure. Understanding the rheological properties of mixtures of heavy oil or bitumen and diluents, specifically at low temperatures, is key in designing different processes employed in production or transportation of these resources reliably and efficiently. The effect of diluents (n-heptane, toluene and toluene + butanone (50/50 vol. %)) on the non-Newtonian behavior of Maya crude oil including shear thinning and thixotropy at temperatures from (258 to 333) K are discussed. Toluene + butanone (50/50 vol.%) addition to Maya crude oil induces the greatest reduction in shear thinning behavior irrespective of temperature. Thixotropic properties of mixtures of Maya crude oil and diluent were studied through start-up experiments. It was shown that toluene + butanone (50/50 vol.%) is the best diluent in moderating the thixotropic effect, while n-heptane showed the most pronounced thixotropic effect. It was shown that toluene + butanone (50/50 vol. %) is more promising in decreasing oil viscosity in comparison to two other diluents tested. Less of this diluent is required to decrease the viscosity to a certain value, which confirms its potential application to be used in the industry as a diluent.
Book Synopsis A Study of Brine-crude Oil Interfacial Tension by : Robert L. Ferriter
Download or read book A Study of Brine-crude Oil Interfacial Tension written by Robert L. Ferriter and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Oil in the Sea III by : National Research Council
Download or read book Oil in the Sea III written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.
Book Synopsis Investigation of Three Constant Model Temperature Dependence of Viscosity of Some Crude Oils by : Abdullatif M. Bhairi
Download or read book Investigation of Three Constant Model Temperature Dependence of Viscosity of Some Crude Oils written by Abdullatif M. Bhairi and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Natural Surfactants by : Neha Saxena
Download or read book Natural Surfactants written by Neha Saxena and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-15 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the use of natural surfactants in enhanced oil recovery, providing an overview of surfactants, their types, and different physical–chemical properties used to analyse the efficiency of surfactants. Natural surfactants discuss the history of the surfactants, their classification, and the use of surfactants in petroleum industry. Special attention has been paid to natural surfactants and their advantages over synthetic surfactants, including analysing their properties such as emulsification, interfacial tension, and wettability and how these can be used in EOR. This book offers an overview for researchers and graduate students in the fields of petroleum and chemical engineering, as well as oil and gas industry professionals.
Book Synopsis The Rheological Properties of Selected Alberta Crude Oils by : William Sidjak
Download or read book The Rheological Properties of Selected Alberta Crude Oils written by William Sidjak and published by . This book was released on 1951 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of the Rheology of Heavy Crude Oil by : Fatema Akter Happy
Download or read book Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of the Rheology of Heavy Crude Oil written by Fatema Akter Happy and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rheological study of heavy crude oil is important in the field of petroleum engineering. The rheological properties of heavy oil (e.g., shear stress, shear rate, viscosity, etc.) depend on several factors including temperature, pressure, surface tension, diluent type and diluent composition, pH, shear stress and thermal histories, memory, and shear conditions during the analysis. The investigation of the rheology of heavy crude oil flow is a critical issue for both upstream and downstream operations. The objective of this study is to perform an investigation on the rheological properties of heavy crude oil to show the effect of shear rate, temperature, and pressure on the viscosity and the shear stress. The aim of this work was to broaden current knowledge of the rheological behavior and flow characterization of heavy crude oil. This paper takes a new look at the shear stress-strain relationship by considering the memory effect along with temperature effect on the shear rate. It is considered that the viscosity of the heavy crude oil is a function of pressure, temperature, and shear rate. As the heavy crude oil is considered as a Bingham fluid, Bingham model is employed here for the analysis. The experimental data from previous studies are used to complete the analysis. To develop the model, a modified Darcy's law that employs the effect of memory on the Bingham model is considered. The effect of temperature has been incorporated by the Arrhenius equation for the development of a new model to study the heavy crude oil rheological behaviors. The relationship between shear stress and viscosity has been shown at different fractional derivative order and time. The validation and the simulation of the model are performed by using the experimental and the field data from the literature. The numerical simulation of this model is conducted by using the MATLAB simulation software. From the sensitivity analysis, it is found that the temperature has the highest impact on the viscosity over the pressure and the shear rate. On the other hand, the pressure shows a strong effect on the shear stress-shear rate relationship over the temperature. In the model analysis, it is found that the fluid memory affects in the Bingham model due to nonlinear behavior of heavy crude oil. The shear stress increases with decreasing viscosity at different fractional derivative order and time. The change in shear stress is high at large fractional derivative. The range of fractional derivative order is from 0.2 to 0.8. When fractional derivative order,
Book Synopsis Science and Technology Behind Nanoemulsions by : Selcan Karakus
Download or read book Science and Technology Behind Nanoemulsions written by Selcan Karakus and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-08-22 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers new micro-/nanoemulsion systems in technology that has developed our knowledge of emulsion stability. The emulsion system is a major phenomenon in well-qualified products and has extensive usages in cosmetic industry, food industry, oil recovery, and mineral processes. In this book, readers will find recent studies, applications, and new technological developments on fundamental properties of emulsion systems.
Book Synopsis Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery by : Patrizio Raffa
Download or read book Chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery written by Patrizio Raffa and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-07-22 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book aims at presenting, describing, and summarizing the latest advances in polymer flooding regarding the chemical synthesis of the EOR agents and the numerical simulation of compositional models in porous media, including a description of the possible applications of nanotechnology acting as a booster of traditional chemical EOR processes. A large part of the world economy depends nowadays on non-renewable energy sources, most of them of fossil origin. Though the search for and the development of newer, greener, and more sustainable sources have been going on for the last decades, humanity is still fossil-fuel dependent. Primary and secondary oil recovery techniques merely produce up to a half of the Original Oil In Place. Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) processes are aimed at further increasing this value. Among these, chemical EOR techniques (including polymer flooding) present a great potential in low- and medium-viscosity oilfields. • Describes recent advances in chemical enhanced oil recovery. • Contains detailed description of polymer flooding and nanotechnology as promising boosting tools for EOR. • Includes both experimental and theoretical studies. About the Authors Patrizio Raffa is Assistant Professor at the University of Groningen. He focuses on design and synthesis of new polymeric materials optimized for industrial applications such as EOR, coatings and smart materials. He (co)authored about 40 articles in peer reviewed journals. Pablo Druetta works as lecturer at the University of Groningen (RUG) and as engineering consultant. He received his Ph.D. from RUG in 2018 and has been teaching at a graduate level for 15 years. His research focus lies on computational fluid dynamics (CFD).
Book Synopsis Rheology of Heavy Crude Oil and Viscosity Reduction for Pipeline Transportation by : Shadi Hasan
Download or read book Rheology of Heavy Crude Oil and Viscosity Reduction for Pipeline Transportation written by Shadi Hasan and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Zeta Potential in Colloid Science by : Robert J. Hunter
Download or read book Zeta Potential in Colloid Science written by Robert J. Hunter and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-09-03 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zeta Potential in Colloid Science: Principles and Applications covers the concept of the zeta potential in colloid chemical theory. The book discusses the charge and potential distribution at interfaces; the calculation of the zeta potential; and the experimental techniques used in the measurement of electrokinetic parameters. The text also describes the electroviscous and viscoelectric effects; applications of the zeta potential to areas of colloid science; and the influence of simple inorganic ions or more complex adsorbates on zeta potential. Physical chemists and people involved in the study of colloid science will find the book useful.
Download or read book Petroleum Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Introduction to Applied Colloid and Surface Chemistry by : Georgios M. Kontogeorgis
Download or read book Introduction to Applied Colloid and Surface Chemistry written by Georgios M. Kontogeorgis and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-28 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloid and Surface Chemistry is a subject of immense importance and implications both to our everyday life and numerous industrial sectors, ranging from coatings and materials to medicine and biotechnology. How do detergents really clean? (Why can't we just use water?) Why is milk "milky"? Why do we use eggs so often for making sauces? Can we deliver drugs in better and controlled ways? Coating industries wish to manufacture improved coatings e.g. for providing corrosion resistance, which are also environmentally friendly i.e. less based on organic solvents and if possible exclusively on water. Food companies want to develop healthy, tasty but also long-lasting food products which appeal to the environmental authorities and the consumer. Detergent and enzyme companies are working to develop improved formulations which clean more persistent stains, at lower temperatures and amounts, to the benefit of both the environment and our pocket. Cosmetics is also big business! Creams, lotions and other personal care products are really just complex emulsions. All of the above can be explained by the principles and methods of colloid and surface chemistry. A course on this topic is truly valuable to chemists, chemical engineers, biologists, material and food scientists and many more.
