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Technen Elements Of Recent History Of Information Technologies With Epistemological Conclusions
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Book Synopsis Technen: Elements of Recent History of Information Technologies with Epistemological Conclusions by : Andrzej Piotr Wierzbicki
Download or read book Technen: Elements of Recent History of Information Technologies with Epistemological Conclusions written by Andrzej Piotr Wierzbicki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-07-25 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book expresses the conviction that the art of creating tools – Greek techne – changes its character together with the change of civilization epochs and co-determines such changes. This does not mean that tools typical for a civilization epoch determine it completely, but they change our way of perceiving and interpreting the world. There might have been many such epochs in the history of human civilization (much more than the three waves of agricultural, industrial and information civilization). This is expressed by the title Technen of the book, where n denotes a subsequent civilization epoch. During last fifty years we observed a decomposition of the old episteme (understood as a way of creating and interpreting knowledge characteristic for a given civilization epoch) of modernism, which was an episteme typical for industrial civilization. Today, the world is differently understood by the representatives of three different cultural spheres: of strict and natural sciences; of human and social sciences (especially by their part inclined towards postmodernism) and technical sciences that have a different episteme than even that of strict and natural sciences. Thus, we observe today not two cultures, but three different episteme. The book consists of four parts. First contains basic epistemological observations, second is devoted to selected elements of recent history of information technologies, third contains more detailed epistemological and general discussions, fourth specifies conclusions. The book is written from the cognitive perspective of technical sciences, with a full awareness – and discussion – of its differences from the cognitive perspective of strict sciences or human and social sciences. The main thesis of the book is that informational revolution will probably lead to a formation of a new episteme. The book includes discussions of many issues related to such general perspective, such as what is technology proper; what is intuition from a perspective of technology and of evolutionary naturalism; what are the reasons for and how large are the delays between a fundamental invention and its broad social utilization; what is the fundamental logical error (using paradoxes that are not real, only apparent) of the tradition of sceptical philosophy; what are rational foundations and examples of emergence of order out of chaos; whether civilization development based on two positive feedbacks between science, technology and the market might lead inevitably to a self-destruction of human civilization; etc.
Book Synopsis The Future of Work in Information Society by : Andrzej Piotr Wierzbicki
Download or read book The Future of Work in Information Society written by Andrzej Piotr Wierzbicki and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-02 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the question as to whether technological developments will ultimately mean the end of work and, if so, what the consequences will be. The author addresses this question from the perspective of a technologist well versed in econometrics and game theory, and argues that it is not technology alone that could lead to the end of work, but its utilization by the capitalist system. Technology allows us to minimize the costs of work and increase profits, while the system is worsening unemployment, socio-economic inequality and stratification – which could lead to the end of capitalism in a massive global revolution. As such, the book proposes an evolutionary reform based on a seemingly minor but in fact essential correction of the corporate income tax, which he proposes should decrease in accordance with the percentage of the enterprise’s revenues expended to pay employee salaries. In this way, entrepreneurs will be motivated to implement new professions and occupations, as well as new workplaces. Only in this way, the book argues, can reforms be used to prevent the end of work, which would have catastrophic consequences.
Book Synopsis Technology, Society and Sustainability by : Lech W. Zacher
Download or read book Technology, Society and Sustainability written by Lech W. Zacher and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection is a multidisciplinary and multicultural contribution to the current sustainability discourse. It is focused on two main dimensions of our world: complexity and diversity. Desirable and urgent transition of socio-technological systems toward a sustainability trajectory of development requires a better understanding of technological trends and social transformations. General advancement of technology does not produce identical changes in various societies, differentiated economically and culturally. Moreover, the abilities to approach sustainable development change over time and space. As a result there is a constant need for continuing research, analyses, and discussions concerning changing contexts and adequacy of strategies and policies. Authors from twelve countries and of different academic and cultural settings present their insights, analyses and recommendations. The collection is focused both on contexts and on activities leading to sustainable trajectories in various domains of economy and social life. Continuing research and discussion is needed to better understand these challenges and to prepare the appropriate strategies and solutions. Development of socio-technological systems is nowadays very complex; moreover, the world we live in is extremely diverse. Therefore, sustainability discourse must be ongoing, introducing new ideas, concepts, theories, evidence and experience by various parties—academics, professionals, and practitioners.
Book Synopsis Knowledge Synthesis by : Yoshiteru Nakamori
Download or read book Knowledge Synthesis written by Yoshiteru Nakamori and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-11-26 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides readers the idea of systemically synthesizing various kind of knowledge, which needs to combine analytical thinking and synthetic thinking. Systems science is expected to help in solving contemporary complex problems, utilizing interdisciplinary knowledge effectively and combining analytical thinking and synthetic thinking efficiently. However, traditional systems science has been divided into two schools: one seeks a systematic procedure to give a correct objective answer; the other develops an emergent, systemic process so that the user can continue exploratory learning. It is not an exaggeration to say that analytical thinking and synthetic thinking have been developed independently, in different schools. This book integrates approaches developed in these two schools, using ideas in knowledge science that have been emerging recently under the influence of Eastern thinking. It emphasizes the importance of utilizing intuition in systems approaches, whereas other books usually try to solve problems rationally and objectively, rejecting subjectivity. This book never denies rationality and objectivity; however, complex problems of today do not always yield to complete analysis. The novelty of this present volume is that it takes in the ideas of synthetic thinking in knowledge science to develop systems science further. The chapter contributors, who are experienced systems scientists with a profound understanding of knowledge management, discuss knowledge synthesis from the Western and Eastern cultural perspectives. The book introduces a theory on systemic knowledge synthesis in an odd chapter and then presents an application of the theory in the next chapter in order to contribute to developing translational systems science.
Book Synopsis The Power of Systems by : Eglė Rindzevičiūtė
Download or read book The Power of Systems written by Eglė Rindzevičiūtė and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-12-15 with total page 307 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Institute of Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), an international think tank established jointly by the United States and Soviet Union in Austria in 1972, was intended to advance scientific collaboration. Until the late 1980s, the IIASA was one of the very few permanent sites where policy scientists from both sides of the Iron Curtain could work together to articulate and solve world problems, most notably global climate change. One of the best-kept secrets of the Cold War, this think tank was a rare zone of freedom, communication, and negotiation, where leading Soviet scientists could try out their innovative ideas, benefit from access to Western literature, and develop social networks, thus paving the way for some of the key science and policy breakthroughs of the twentieth century.
Book Synopsis Milestones in Analog and Digital Computing by : Herbert Bruderer
Download or read book Milestones in Analog and Digital Computing written by Herbert Bruderer and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-04 with total page 2072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Third Edition is the first English-language edition of the award-winning Meilensteine der Rechentechnik; illustrated in full color throughout in two volumes. The Third Edition is devoted to both analog and digital computing devices, as well as the world's most magnificient historical automatons and select scientific instruments (employed in astronomy, surveying, time measurement, etc.). It also features detailed instructions for analog and digital mechanical calculating machines and instruments, and is the only such historical book with comprehensive technical glossaries of terms not found in print or in online dictionaries. The book also includes a very extensive bibliography based on the literature of numerous countries around the world. Meticulously researched, the author conducted a worldwide survey of science, technology and art museums with their main holdings of analog and digital calculating and computing machines and devices, historical automatons and selected scientific instruments in order to describe a broad range of masterful technical achievements. Also covering the history of mathematics and computer science, this work documents the cultural heritage of technology as well.
Book Synopsis Digital Transformation in Industry by : Vikas Kumar
Download or read book Digital Transformation in Industry written by Vikas Kumar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-07-26 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a selection of the best papers presented at the international scientific conference "Digital Transformation in Industry: Trends, Management, Strategies", held by the Institute of Economics of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Russia in November 2020. The main focus of the book is to evaluate trends and perspectives of digital transformation in industry and industrial markets through the dissemination of Industry 4.0. The aim of the topics discussed is to create an idea of introduction mechanisms for digitization processes and to specify successful strategies of digital transformation in all sectors of industrial enterprises. The experience of developed and developing economies, as well as small and large enterprises implementing IT and other technological innovations are included. Students as well as managers of industrial organizations alike can benefit from the results of the topics covered.
Book Synopsis Something Out of Nothing by : Paul Snyder
Download or read book Something Out of Nothing written by Paul Snyder and published by Compact Library Publishers. This book was released on 2015-07-01 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary purpose of our discussion is to explore the rationality of Humanism in light of our finite physical existence. We consider the history of being and becoming, of nihilism and nothing. We review scientific and philosophical literature and present a logical argument which suggests that the foundation of humanism is an irrational myth.
Book Synopsis Autonomous Technology by : Langdon Winner
Download or read book Autonomous Technology written by Langdon Winner and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1978-08-15 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The truth of the matter is that our deficiency does not lie in the want of well-verified "facts." What we lack is our bearings. The contemporary experience of things technological has repeatedly confounded our vision, our expectations, and our capacity to make intelligent judgments. Categories, arguments, conclusions, and choices that would have been entirely obvious in earlier times are obvious no longer. Patterns of perceptive thinking that were entirely reliable in the past now lead us systematically astray. Many of our standard conceptions of technology reveal a disorientation that borders on dissociation from reality. And as long as we lack the ability to make our situation intelligible, all of the "data" in the world will make no difference. From the Introduction
Author :Donald A. MacKenzie Publisher :Milton Keynes ; Philadelphia : Open University Press ISBN 13 :9780335150274 Total Pages :327 pages Book Rating :4.1/5 (52 download)
Book Synopsis The Social Shaping of Technology by : Donald A. MacKenzie
Download or read book The Social Shaping of Technology written by Donald A. MacKenzie and published by Milton Keynes ; Philadelphia : Open University Press. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Technology written by Eric Schatzberg and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In modern life, technology is everywhere. Yet as a concept, technology is a mess. In popular discourse, technology is little more than the latest digital innovations. Scholars do little better, offering up competing definitions that include everything from steelmaking to singing. In Technology: Critical History of a Concept, Eric Schatzberg explains why technology is so difficult to define by examining its three thousand year history, one shaped by persistent tensions between scholars and technical practitioners. Since the time of the ancient Greeks, scholars have tended to hold technicians in low esteem, defining technical practices as mere means toward ends defined by others. Technicians, in contrast, have repeatedly pushed back against this characterization, insisting on the dignity, creativity, and cultural worth of their work. The tension between scholars and technicians continued from Aristotle through Francis Bacon and into the nineteenth century. It was only in the twentieth century that modern meanings of technology arose: technology as the industrial arts, technology as applied science, and technology as technique. Schatzberg traces these three meanings to the present day, when discourse about technology has become pervasive, but confusion among the three principal meanings of technology remains common. He shows that only through a humanistic concept of technology can we understand the complex human choices embedded in our modern world.
Download or read book Technopoly written by Neil Postman and published by Vintage. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this witty, often terrifying work of cultural criticism, the author of Amusing Ourselves to Death chronicles our transformation into a Technopoly: a society that no longer merely uses technology as a support system but instead is shaped by it—with radical consequences for the meanings of politics, art, education, intelligence, and truth.
Book Synopsis ICTs and Sustainable Solutions for the Digital Divide: Theory and Perspectives by : Steyn, Jacques
Download or read book ICTs and Sustainable Solutions for the Digital Divide: Theory and Perspectives written by Steyn, Jacques and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2010-09-30 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ICTs and Sustainable Solutions for the Digital Divide: Theory and Perspectives focuses on Information and Communication Technologies for Development (ICT4D), which includes any technology used for communication and information. This publication researches the social side of computing, the users, and the design of systems that meet the needs of "ordinary" users.
Book Synopsis How People Learn by : National Research Council
Download or read book How People Learn written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-08-11 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First released in the Spring of 1999, How People Learn has been expanded to show how the theories and insights from the original book can translate into actions and practice, now making a real connection between classroom activities and learning behavior. This edition includes far-reaching suggestions for research that could increase the impact that classroom teaching has on actual learning. Like the original edition, this book offers exciting new research about the mind and the brain that provides answers to a number of compelling questions. When do infants begin to learn? How do experts learn and how is this different from non-experts? What can teachers and schools do-with curricula, classroom settings, and teaching methods--to help children learn most effectively? New evidence from many branches of science has significantly added to our understanding of what it means to know, from the neural processes that occur during learning to the influence of culture on what people see and absorb. How People Learn examines these findings and their implications for what we teach, how we teach it, and how we assess what our children learn. The book uses exemplary teaching to illustrate how approaches based on what we now know result in in-depth learning. This new knowledge calls into question concepts and practices firmly entrenched in our current education system. Topics include: How learning actually changes the physical structure of the brain. How existing knowledge affects what people notice and how they learn. What the thought processes of experts tell us about how to teach. The amazing learning potential of infants. The relationship of classroom learning and everyday settings of community and workplace. Learning needs and opportunities for teachers. A realistic look at the role of technology in education.
Book Synopsis Technology and Mathematics by : Sven Ove Hansson
Download or read book Technology and Mathematics written by Sven Ove Hansson and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-24 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is the first extensive study of the historical and philosophical connections between technology and mathematics. Coverage includes the use of mathematics in ancient as well as modern technology, devices and machines for computation, cryptology, mathematics in technological education, the epistemology of computer-mediated proofs, and the relationship between technological and mathematical computability. The book also examines the work of such historical figures as Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Charles Babbage, Ada Lovelace, and Alan Turing.
Book Synopsis The Technological System by : Jacques Ellul
Download or read book The Technological System written by Jacques Ellul and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2018-06-11 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some 20 years after writing The Technological Society, Jacques Ellul realized how the totalistic dimensions of our modern technological milieu required an additional treatment of the topic. Writing amidst the rise of books in the 1970s on pollution, over-population, and environmental degradation, Ellul found it necessary, once again, to write about the global presence of technology and its far-reaching effects. The Technological System represents a new stage in Ellul’s research. Previously he studied technological society as such; in this book he approaches the topic from a systems perspective wherein he identifies the characteristics of technological phenomena and technological progress in light of system theory. This leads to an entirely new approach to what constitutes the most important event of our society which has decisive bearing on the future of our world. Ellul’s analysis touches on all aspects of modern life, not just those of a scientific or technological order. In the end, readers are compelled to formulate their own opinions and make their own decisions regarding the way a technique-based value system affects every level of human life.
Book Synopsis Emergence or Reduction? by : Ansgar Beckermann
Download or read book Emergence or Reduction? written by Ansgar Beckermann and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
