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Taxation And Corporate Payout Policy
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Book Synopsis Taxation and Corporate Payout Policy by : James M. Poterba
Download or read book Taxation and Corporate Payout Policy written by James M. Poterba and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents new evidence on how corporate payout policy responds to the differential between the tax burden on dividend income and that on accruing capital gains. It describes the construction of weighted average marginal tax rate series for the period since 1929, and it suggests that the enactment of the Job Growth of Taxpayer Relief Reconciliation Act of 2003 should raise the after-tax value of dividends relative to capital gains by more than five percentage points. The impact of this change on payout depends on the elasticity of dividend payments with respect to the after-tax value of dividend income relative to capital gains. Time series estimates suggest an elasticity of more than three, and imply that the recent tax reform could ultimately increase dividends by almost twenty percent.
Download or read book Payout Policy written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dividend policy continues to be among the premier unsolved puzzles in finance. A number of theories have been advanced to explain dividend policy. This e-book briefly reviews the principal theories of payout policy and dividend policy and summarizes the empirical evidence on these theories. Empirical evidence is equivocal and the search for new explanation for dividends continues.
Book Synopsis Corporate Payout Policy by : Harry DeAngelo
Download or read book Corporate Payout Policy written by Harry DeAngelo and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2009 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corporate Payout Policy synthesizes the academic research on payout policy and explains "how much, when, and how". That is (i) the overall value of payouts over the life of the enterprise, (ii) the time profile of a firm's payouts across periods, and (iii) the form of those payouts. The authors conclude that today's theory does a good job of explaining the general features of corporate payout policies, but some important gaps remain. So while our emphasis is to clarify "what we know" about payout policy, the authors also identify a number of interesting unresolved questions for future research. Corporate Payout Policy discusses potential influences on corporate payout policy including managerial use of payouts to signal future earnings to outside investors, individuals' behavioral biases that lead to sentiment-based demands for distributions, the desire of large block stockholders to maintain corporate control, and personal tax incentives to defer payouts. The authors highlight four important "carry-away" points: the literature's focus on whether repurchases will (or should) drive out dividends is misplaced because it implicitly assumes that a single payout vehicle is optimal; extant empirical evidence is strongly incompatible with the notion that the primary purpose of dividends is to signal managers' views of future earnings to outside investors; over-confidence on the part of managers is potentially a first-order determinant of payout policy because it induces them to over-retain resources to invest in dubious projects and so behavioral biases may, in fact, turn out to be more important than agency costs in explaining why investors pressure firms to accelerate payouts; the influence of controlling stockholders on payout policy --- particularly in non-U.S. firms, where controlling stockholders are common --- is a promising area for future research. Corporate Payout Policy is required reading for both researchers and practitioners interested in understanding this central topic in corporate finance and governance.
Book Synopsis Corporate Payouts and the Tax Price of Corporate Retentions by : R. Glenn Hubbard
Download or read book Corporate Payouts and the Tax Price of Corporate Retentions written by R. Glenn Hubbard and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many provisions of the U.S. tax code affect corporate decisions to pay out or retain earnings. Most studies of these effects have examined the effects of dividend and capital gains taxes on payouts. Relatively few studies have considered the effects of corporate taxes on retentions. In the early 1900s, the United States experimented with several corporate taxes on retentions. These taxes increased the price of corporate retentions, thereby encouraging corporate payouts. This paper studies the response of corporations to the most significant of these experiments the Undistributed Profits Tax of 1936-1938. While the U.S. no longer directly taxes corporate retentions, our study provides empirical results relevant to two recent policy debates. First, to the extent that corporate payouts did respond significantly to a change in the corporate price of retentions, we can learn more about the implicit prices corporations place on internal funds. These estimates enable us better understand the effects of government policies designed to encourage corporate reinvestment. Second, our study provides evidence relevant to several recent proposals designed to resolve managerial agency problems. These proposals require managers to payout their "free" cash flows as a way of committing not to waste financial capital. The Undistributed Profits Tax of 1936-1938 had a similar goal. Its maximum marginal tax rate of 27 percent on corporate retentions gave managers strong incentives to pay out retained earnings. We study the effects of the Undistributed Profits Tax on corporate payouts using a panel data set on 26 large petroleum companies. These data have a number of advantages, not the least of which is the relative homogeneity of petroleum firms' investment opportunities. We find that on average corporate payout policies did respond significantly to the surtax in 1936, the first year of the tax. There was much less of a response in 1937, and practically none in the last year, 1938. The smaller payouts in 1937 and 1938 suggest that managers were able to find margins other than dividends through which they could reduce their tax burden. These other margins included the short-term manipulation of expenses and delays in recognizing revenues. These responses suggest that managers place a relatively high valuation on internal versus external funds. They also suggest that proposals that would require managers to payout free cash flows must resolve an important incentive problem -- how to get managers to reveal fully what cash flows are "free." Finally, our results document the importance of recognizing behavioral responses to taxes. That is, firms may respond to changes in relative tax prices by finding other margins by which they can reduce their tax burdens.
Book Synopsis A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance by : John R. Graham
Download or read book A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance written by John R. Graham and published by Now Publishers Inc. This book was released on 2006 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance investigates the consequences of taxation on corporate finance focusing on how taxes affect corporate policies and firm value. A common theme is that tax rules affect corporate incentives and decisions. A second emphasis is on research that describes how taxes affect costs and benefits. A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance explores the multiple avenues for taxes to affect corporate decisions including capital structure decisions, organizational form and restructurings, payout policy, compensation policy, risk management, and the use of tax shelters. The author provides a theoretical framework, empirical predictions, and empirical evidence for each of these areas. Each section concludes with a discussion of unanswered questions and possible avenues for future research. A Review of Taxes and Corporate Finance is valuable reading for researchers and professionals in corporate finance, corporate governance, public finance and tax policy.
Book Synopsis Tax, Large Shareholders and Corporate Payout Policy by : Xin Chen
Download or read book Tax, Large Shareholders and Corporate Payout Policy written by Xin Chen and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The double taxation of corporate profits by : Alexander Kletke
Download or read book The double taxation of corporate profits written by Alexander Kletke and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century by : Alan J. Auerbach
Download or read book Taxing Corporate Income in the 21st Century written by Alan J. Auerbach and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-04-16 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was first published in 2007. Most countries levy taxes on corporations, but the impact - and therefore the wisdom - of such taxes is highly controversial among economists. Does the burden of these taxes fall on wealthy shareowners, or is it passed along to those who work for, or buy the products of, corporations? Can a country with high corporate taxes remain competitive in the global economy? This book features research by leading economists and accountants that sheds light on these and related questions, including how taxes affect corporate dividend policy, stock market value, avoidance, and evasion. The studies promise to inform both future tax policy and regulatory policy, especially in light of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and other actions by the Securities and Exchange Commission that are having profound effects on the market for tax planning and auditing in the wake of the well-publicized accounting scandals in Enron and WorldCom.
Book Synopsis Corporate Dividend Policy by : John A. Brittain
Download or read book Corporate Dividend Policy written by John A. Brittain and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Taxation and Corporate Financial Policy by : J. Gregory Ballentine
Download or read book Taxation and Corporate Financial Policy written by J. Gregory Ballentine and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Economic Effects of Dividend Taxation by : Kenneth James McKenzie
Download or read book The Economic Effects of Dividend Taxation written by Kenneth James McKenzie and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Must Corporate Income Be Taxed Twice? by : Charles E. McLure
Download or read book Must Corporate Income Be Taxed Twice? written by Charles E. McLure and published by Brookings Institution Press. This book was released on 1979 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corporate Tax Law written by Peter Harris and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive and comparative analysis of corporate tax systems, focusing on structural defects and how they are addressed in practice.
Book Synopsis Financial Performance by : Rory Knight
Download or read book Financial Performance written by Rory Knight and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-11-28 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Financial Performance presents the foundation concepts underlying the Senior Executive Programmes the Authors have taught together and separately over the last 15 years in Europe, Asia and North America.These programmes includeThe Oxford Advanced Management ProgrammeThe Oxford Senior Executive Finance ProgrammeThe INSEAD Advanced Management ProgrammeThe IMI, Geneva, Advanced Management ProgrammeThe Harvard Advanced Management ProgrammeThe Oxford International Executive Programme, SingaporeThe IMI International Finance Programme, Singapore The book is intended as a reference manual as well as a textbook and will be of value to anyone with an interest in financial performance - particularly senior executives. The developments in modern finance over the last two decades have considerable implications for the way senior executives think about the finance discipline. It is no longer enough to have a rudimentary knowledge of basic finance and a heavy reliance on financial specialists. CEOs of course need excellent financial professionals - however they need to go beyond this and provide strategic leadership. This requires a conceptual framework for dealing with financial matters. This book provides a description of the underlying ideas and will be of value to anyone with an interest in financial performance - particularly senior executives. This book revolves around the concept of value and it is organised into two parts.Part I Performance MeasurementConsists of three chapters, all of which focus on the real and fairly complex set of financial statements of DaimlerChrysler AG. The first two chapters provide a detailed guided tour of the financial statements which deconstruct the complexity and then reconstruct the financials to provide a clearer base for analysis. These chapters have been arranged to deal with each line item of financial statements which have been highlighted in such a way to allow the reader to treat the materials as a reference as well as a sequential read. Chapter three presents a framework for evaluating financial health and introduces a cash flow based model for understanding the short and medium term constraints on a firm's growth. This exposition revolves around the concept of sustainable growth. Part 2 ValuationIn the second part of the book chapter 4 introduces the cost of capital concept followed by chapter 5 which provides a general source of reference for valuation and a variety of difference applications.Chapter 6 concludes the book with a review of concept of shareholder value from a European perspective.Rory Knight MA(Oxon), MCom, PhD, CADean (Emeritus), Templeton College, University of Oxford For the last five years Rory has been Dean of Templeton College, the University of Oxford's business college. During this time he led the Oxford Advanced Management Programme and he created the Oxford Senior Executive Finance Programme. He has considerable experience in business and management development. He is actively involved in briefing the senior executives of leading companies on issues in Finance and Strategy. Prior to coming to Oxford Dr Knight was the deputy director of a foundation within the Swiss National Bank (SNB) and previously a Professor in Finance at IMI, Geneva & IMD, Lausanne.Marc Bertoneche MA, MBA, DBA, PhdVisiting Professor, Harvard Business School Marc is a Professor in Business Administration at the University of Bordeaux and has been on the faculty at INSEAD, the European Institute of Business Administration in Fontainebleau France for more than twenty years. His areas of interest include corporate and financial strategy, mergers and acquisitions, venture capital, financial markets, corporate ownership and governance, risk management and international finance. He is currently visiting professor at the Harvard Business School.
Book Synopsis The Taxation of Corporations and Shareholders by : Martin Norr
Download or read book The Taxation of Corporations and Shareholders written by Martin Norr and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monograph is principally the work of the late Martin Norr. He completed a draft of the entire monograph but had not yet revised it when he died in late 1972. At that time, the integration of corporate and shareholder taxation was just beginning to become of widespread interest in the United States. With the increasing interest thereafter, the International Tax Program began to revise his manuscript, making as few changes as possible in the original draft. We had the benefit of criticism and analysis from Professor Richard M. Bird of the University of Toronto, now Director of the Institute of Policy Analysis there. In addition, Mr. Mitsuo Sato of the Ministry of Finance in Japan gave freely of his time in carefully suggesting changes throughout the manuscript. The present version of Chapter 3 owes a great deal to his additions and suggestions. Thanks are also due to Professor Hugh J. Ault of Boston College Law School for the Appendix, containing his description of the German integration system that became effective in 1977, which was first published in Law & Policy in International Business. Mr. Norr's interest in the subject of corporate and shareholder taxation developed while he was writing the International Tax Program's World Tax Series volume Taxation in France, published in 1966. The integration of French taxes on corporations and shareholders took place just after that volume was finished, but had been under discussion in France for some time before then.
Book Synopsis Investors' Heterogeneity, Prices, and Volume Around the Ex-dividend Day by : Roni Michaely
Download or read book Investors' Heterogeneity, Prices, and Volume Around the Ex-dividend Day written by Roni Michaely and published by Palala Press. This book was released on 2018-03-02 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work was reproduced from the original artifact, and remains as true to the original work as possible. Therefore, you will see the original copyright references, library stamps (as most of these works have been housed in our most important libraries around the world), and other notations in the work. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. As a reproduction of a historical artifact, this work may contain missing or blurred pages, poor pictures, errant marks, etc. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Book Synopsis Tax Policy : Allocation of Taxes Within the Life Insurance Industry by : United States. General Accounting Office
Download or read book Tax Policy : Allocation of Taxes Within the Life Insurance Industry written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
