Tacit Knowledge (TK) Involvement in the Production of Nuclear Weapons

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781549749834
Total Pages : 49 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (498 download)

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Book Synopsis Tacit Knowledge (TK) Involvement in the Production of Nuclear Weapons by : U. S. Military

Download or read book Tacit Knowledge (TK) Involvement in the Production of Nuclear Weapons written by U. S. Military and published by . This book was released on 2017-09-14 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Preservation of nuclear weapon tacit knowledge has not previously been linked to maintaining a credible US nuclear deterrent. President Obama's 2009 Prague speech committing the US to seek a world without nuclear weapons, has yielded two policy debates: the necessary arsenal size and force configuration required to have a credible deterrent while following the Road to Global Zero nuclear weapons, and the potential feasibility of getting to zero due to shortcomings in monitoring and verification. Absent from these debates, and indeed missing from the discussions altogether, is the role of tacit knowledge about nuclear weapon design and development on the road to zero. The relationship between tacit knowledge and credible nuclear deterrence has yet to be examined. US weapons designed to last 10 years are now over 20 years old and projected to be maintained for several more decades while the last of the scientific community having actual experience designing and testing nuclear weapons are preparing for retirement. If both explicit and tacit knowledge are required in the knowledge transfer process, and all those with process knowledge retire, there will be no one left who has the tacit knowledge required for building a nuclear weapon in a timely fashion. In this paper, tacit knowledge is defined along with the relevance of tacit knowledge in creating a nuclear weapon and the need for nuclear tacit knowledge preservation and transfer in today's environment. An assessment of the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory suggests that neither the working environment nor the data management system in place currently fosters tacit knowledge transfer or capture. Recommendations are offered as steps to enhance tacit knowledge preservation and transfer to support a credible nuclear deterrent through the next several decades until such time as the Road to Global Zero comes to an end or takes a critical detour. President Obama's 2009 Prague speech committing the US to seek a world without nuclear weapons, has yielded two policy debates: the necessary arsenal size and force configuration required to have a credible deterrent while following the Road to Global Zero nuclear weapons, and the potential feasibility of getting to zero due to shortcomings in monitoring and verification. Absent from these debates, and indeed missing from the discussions altogether, is the role of tacit knowledge (TK) about nuclear weapon design and development on the road to zero. This paper will address the increasingly important question of how to preserve nuclear weapon TK in a time when no testing has occurred in 20 years. The United States may plausibly forget how to make nuclear weapons before getting to any numerical thresholds or before the decision of who will get rid of the last nuclear weapons first occurs. US weapons designed to last 10 years are now over 20 years old and projected to be maintained for several more decades while the last of the scientific community who have actual nuclear weapon design and testing experience prepares for retirement. If both explicit knowledge (EK) and TK are required in the knowledge transfer process, and all those with process knowledge retire, there will be no one left who has the TK required for building a nuclear weapon in a timely fashion.

Tacit Knowledge Involvement in the Production of Nuclear Weapons

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 24 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (852 download)

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Book Synopsis Tacit Knowledge Involvement in the Production of Nuclear Weapons by : Stephanie J. Buffett

Download or read book Tacit Knowledge Involvement in the Production of Nuclear Weapons written by Stephanie J. Buffett and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Preservation of nuclear weapon tacit knowledge has not previously been linked to maintaining a credible US nuclear deterrent. President Obama's 2009 Prague speech committing the US to seek a world without nuclear weapons, has yielded two policy debates: the necessary arsenal size and force configuration required to have a credible deterrent while following the Road to Global Zero nuclear weapons, and the potential feasibility of getting to zero due to shortcomings in monitoring and verification. Absent from these debates, and indeed missing from the discussions altogether, is the role of tacit knowledge about nuclear weapon design and development on the road to zero. The relationship between tacit knowledge and credible nuclear deterrence has yet to be examined. US weapons designed to last 10 years are now over 20 years old and projected to be maintained for several more decades while the last of the scientific community having actual experience designing and testing nuclear weapons are preparing for retirement."--Abstract.

Seeking the Bomb

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691172625
Total Pages : 400 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (911 download)

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Book Synopsis Seeking the Bomb by : Vipin Narang

Download or read book Seeking the Bomb written by Vipin Narang and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first systematic look at the different strategies that states employ in their pursuit of nuclear weapons Much of the work on nuclear proliferation has focused on why states pursue nuclear weapons. The question of how states pursue nuclear weapons has received little attention. Seeking the Bomb is the first book to analyze this topic by examining which strategies of nuclear proliferation are available to aspirants, why aspirants select one strategy over another, and how this matters to international politics. Looking at a wide range of nations, from India and Japan to the Soviet Union and North Korea to Iraq and Iran, Vipin Narang develops an original typology of proliferation strategies—hedging, sprinting, sheltered pursuit, and hiding. Each strategy of proliferation provides different opportunities for the development of nuclear weapons, while at the same time presenting distinct vulnerabilities that can be exploited to prevent states from doing so. Narang delves into the crucial implications these strategies have for nuclear proliferation and international security. Hiders, for example, are especially disruptive since either they successfully attain nuclear weapons, irrevocably altering the global power structure, or they are discovered, potentially triggering serious crises or war, as external powers try to halt or reverse a previously clandestine nuclear weapons program. As the international community confronts the next generation of potential nuclear proliferators, Seeking the Bomb explores how global conflict and stability are shaped by the ruthlessly pragmatic ways states choose strategies of proliferation.

Uranium Enrichment and Nuclear Weapon Proliferation

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 100020054X
Total Pages : 325 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Uranium Enrichment and Nuclear Weapon Proliferation by : Allan S. Krass

Download or read book Uranium Enrichment and Nuclear Weapon Proliferation written by Allan S. Krass and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Originally published in 1983, this book presents both the technical and political information necessary to evaluate the emerging threat to world security posed by recent advances in uranium enrichment technology. Uranium enrichment has played a relatively quiet but important role in the history of efforts by a number of nations to acquire nuclear weapons and by a number of others to prevent the proliferation of nuclear weapons. For many years the uranium enrichment industry was dominated by a single method, gaseous diffusion, which was technically complex, extremely capital-intensive, and highly inefficient in its use of energy. As long as this remained true, only the richest and most technically advanced nations could afford to pursue the enrichment route to weapon acquisition. But during the 1970s this situation changed dramatically. Several new and far more accessible enrichment techniques were developed, stimulated largely by the anticipation of a rapidly growing demand for enrichment services by the world-wide nuclear power industry. This proliferation of new techniques, coupled with the subsequent contraction of the commercial market for enriched uranium, has created a situation in which uranium enrichment technology might well become the most important contributor to further nuclear weapon proliferation. Some of the issues addressed in this book are: A technical analysis of the most important enrichment techniques in a form that is relevant to analysis of proliferation risks; A detailed projection of the world demand for uranium enrichment services; A summary and critique of present institutional non-proliferation arrangements in the world enrichment industry, and An identification of the states most likely to pursue the enrichment route to acquisition of nuclear weapons.

Knowing Machines

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262631884
Total Pages : 356 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (318 download)

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Book Synopsis Knowing Machines by : Donald A. MacKenzie

Download or read book Knowing Machines written by Donald A. MacKenzie and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The essays are tied together by their explorations of connections (primarily among technology, society, and knowledge) and by their general focus on modern "high" technology. They also share an emphasis on the complexity of technological formation and fixation and on the role of belief (especially self-validating belief) in technological change.

Exploring Expertise

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 134913693X
Total Pages : 348 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (491 download)

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Book Synopsis Exploring Expertise by : James Fleck

Download or read book Exploring Expertise written by James Fleck and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-07-27 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing social and economic significance of expertise is reflected in popular suggestions that we are moving into a post-industrial 'knowledge society'. The subject of expertise is becoming recognised in a range of scholarly disciplines ranging from science and technology, psychology, computing and artificial intelligence through to management and organisational behaviour. Exploring Expertise brings together some of these diverse understandings of the character and implications of expertise, and demonstrates through a set of empirical case studies how expertise means different things to different groups, how it is constructed differently in different settings, and the consequences of this process for relations between 'members' of the knowledge society and those 'on the outside'. The book includes case study material ranging from a hospital ward to a factory to a nuclear weapons facility.

The Nuclear Borderlands

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Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780691120775
Total Pages : 452 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (27 download)

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Book Synopsis The Nuclear Borderlands by : Joseph Masco

Download or read book The Nuclear Borderlands written by Joseph Masco and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2006-04-16 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Nuclear Borderlands explores the sociocultural fallout of twentieth-century America's premier technoscientific project--the atomic bomb. Joseph Masco offers the first anthropological study of the long-term consequences of the Manhattan Project for the people that live in and around Los Alamos, New Mexico, where the first atomic bomb, and the majority of weapons in the current U.S. nuclear arsenal, were designed. Masco examines how diverse groups--weapons scientists at Los Alamos National Laboratory, neighboring Pueblo Indian Nations and Nuevomexicano communities, and antinuclear activists--have engaged the U.S. nuclear weapons project in the post-Cold War period, mobilizing to debate and redefine what constitutes "national security." In a pathbreaking ethnographic analysis, Masco argues that the U.S. focus on potential nuclear apocalypse during the Cold War obscured the broader effects of the nuclear complex on American society. The atomic bomb, he demonstrates, is not just the engine of American technoscientific modernity; it has produced a new cognitive orientation toward everyday life, provoking cross-cultural experiences of what Masco calls a "nuclear uncanny." Revealing how the bomb has reconfigured concepts of time, nature, race, and citizenship, the book provides new theoretical perspectives on the origin and logic of U.S. national security culture. The Nuclear Borderlands ultimately assesses the efforts of the nuclear security state to reinvent itself in a post-Cold War world, and in so doing exposes the nuclear logic supporting the twenty-first-century U.S. war on terrorism.

Building the Trident Network

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Publisher : MIT Press
ISBN 13 : 9780262257824
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (578 download)

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Book Synopsis Building the Trident Network by : Maggie Mort

Download or read book Building the Trident Network written by Maggie Mort and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2008-02-15 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In Building the Trident Network, Maggie Mort approaches the United Kingdom's Trident submarine and missile system as a sociotechnical network. Drawing on the sociology of scientific and technical knowledge and on actor-network theory, Mort recounts how the Trident program was stabilized in the United Kingdom and brought into "successful" production. She uncovers the nature of this success by retelling unofficial histories of Trident, of production roads not taken, and of potential technological "distractions." The production of Trident, she shows, was not inevitable but contingent and problematic. Using material from interviews and local texts, Mort explores the emergence of a counternetwork in the form of a workers' campaign for alternative technologies. She develops concepts of "disenrollment" and "absent intermediaries," in which redundant workers and marginalized technologies serve to discipline and reinforce the dominant network as production shrinks. She also examines the maintenance of the barrier between the technical and the social/political in this context. The management of uncertainties within the Trident production program emerges as critical to its successful completion.

Globalization and WMD Proliferation

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1134079699
Total Pages : 205 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (34 download)

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Book Synopsis Globalization and WMD Proliferation by : James A. Russell

Download or read book Globalization and WMD Proliferation written by James A. Russell and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-12-04 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume explores the relationship between the accelerating process of globalization and the proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction, which is increasingly seen as the pre-eminent threat to international security. The proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction has traditionally been seen as a function of the 'security dilemma' in the state-based international system. But the advent of the nuclear supply network pieced together by the Pakistani scientist A. Q. Khan represented a departure from this model, involving a variety of organizations not directly connected to a state. This volume assembles an international group of experts in order to assess the relationship between proliferation and globalization to ascertain how contemporary communication, transportation and financial networks are facilitating or constraining trade in dangerous contraband. The book ultimately seeks to determine whether globalization is fundamentally altering the nature of the proliferation problem, particularly the threat that Weapons of Mass Destruction might fall into the hands of terrorists. This book will be of much interest to students of nuclear proliferation, international security, terrorism and IR in general.

Nuclear Rites

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Publisher : Univ of California Press
ISBN 13 : 9780520213739
Total Pages : 382 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (137 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Rites by : Hugh Gusterson

Download or read book Nuclear Rites written by Hugh Gusterson and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1996 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "An extremely important work. . . . It demonstrates the power that ethnographic analysis can have when directed at an examination of our own society's central nervous system."—Faye Ginsburg, author of Contested Lives "Essential reading for anyone trying to understand what Cold War science was in all its cultural aspects and what this same science now in transformation might yet be."—George E. Marcus, co-editor of The Traffic in Culture

Nuclear Weapons and Coercive Diplomacy

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Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 110710694X
Total Pages : 349 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (71 download)

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Book Synopsis Nuclear Weapons and Coercive Diplomacy by : Todd S. Sechser

Download or read book Nuclear Weapons and Coercive Diplomacy written by Todd S. Sechser and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-02 with total page 349 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Are nuclear weapons useful for coercive diplomacy? This book argues that they are useful for deterrence but not for offensive purposes.

The Politics and Strategy of Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East

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Publisher : State University of New York Press
ISBN 13 : 0791495345
Total Pages : 415 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (914 download)

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Book Synopsis The Politics and Strategy of Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East by : Shlomo Aronson

Download or read book The Politics and Strategy of Nuclear Weapons in the Middle East written by Shlomo Aronson and published by State University of New York Press. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on research from an array of American, Arab, British, French, German, and Israeli sources, this book provides a nuclear history of the world's most explosive region. Most significantly, it gives an exposition of Israel's acquisition and political use, or nonuse, of nuclear weapons as a central factor of its foreign policy in the 1960-1991 period. In stressing the factor of nuclear weapons, the author highlights an often-neglected aspect of Israeli security policy. This is the first interpretation of the historical development of nuclear doctrine in the Middle East that assesses the strategic implications of opacity—Israel's use of suggestion, rather than open acknowledgment, that it possesses nuclear weapons. Aronson discusses the strategic thinking of Israel, the Arab countries, the U.S., the former Soviet Union, and other countries and connects Israeli strategies for war, peace, territories, and the political economy with the use of nuclear deterrence. The author approaches the development of Israeli doctrines on nuclear weapons and defense in general within a large matrix that includes the United States; Israeli perceptions of Arab history, culture, and psychology; and Israeli perceptions of Israel's own history, culture, and psychology. He also deals with Arab perceptions of Israel's nuclear program and with Arab and Iranian incentives to go nuclear. In addition, he discusses at length the importance of nuclear factors in the conduct of the Persian Gulf War and examines the implications of the decline of the former Soviet Union for arms control and peace in the Middle East.

UCRL.

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 26 pages
Book Rating : 4.E/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis UCRL. by : U.S. Atomic Energy Commission

Download or read book UCRL. written by U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Deterrence

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Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 1137289813
Total Pages : 250 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (372 download)

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Book Synopsis Deterrence by : A. Lowther

Download or read book Deterrence written by A. Lowther and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-10 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume moves beyond Cold War deterrence theory to show the many ways in which deterrence is applicable to contemporary security: in space, in cyberspace, and against non-state actors. It also examines the role of nuclear deterrence in the twenty-first century and reaches surprising conclusions.

Barriers to Bioweapons

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Publisher : Cornell University Press
ISBN 13 : 0801471923
Total Pages : 237 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Barriers to Bioweapons by : Sonia Ben Ouagrham-Gormley

Download or read book Barriers to Bioweapons written by Sonia Ben Ouagrham-Gormley and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2014-12-15 with total page 237 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In both the popular imagination and among lawmakers and national security experts, there exists the belief that with sufficient motivation and material resources, states or terrorist groups can produce bioweapons easily, cheaply, and successfully. In Barriers to Bioweapons, Sonia Ben Ouagrham-Gormley challenges this perception by showing that bioweapons development is a difficult, protracted, and expensive endeavor, rarely achieving the expected results whatever the magnitude of investment. Her findings are based on extensive interviews she conducted with former U.S. and Soviet-era bioweapons scientists and on careful analysis of archival data and other historical documents related to various state and terrorist bioweapons programs.Bioweapons development relies on living organisms that are sensitive to their environment and handling conditions, and therefore behave unpredictably. These features place a greater premium on specialized knowledge. Ben Ouagrham-Gormley posits that lack of access to such intellectual capital constitutes the greatest barrier to the making of bioweapons. She integrates theories drawn from economics, the sociology of science, organization, and management with her empirical research. The resulting theoretical framework rests on the idea that the pace and success of a bioweapons development program can be measured by its ability to ensure the creation and transfer of scientific and technical knowledge. The specific organizational, managerial, social, political, and economic conditions necessary for success are difficult to achieve, particularly in covert programs where the need to prevent detection imposes managerial and organizational conditions that conflict with knowledge production.

Nonproliferation Policy and Nuclear Posture

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317406761
Total Pages : 371 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (174 download)

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Book Synopsis Nonproliferation Policy and Nuclear Posture by : Neil Narang

Download or read book Nonproliferation Policy and Nuclear Posture written by Neil Narang and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-08 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the causes and consequences of nuclear postures and nonproliferation policies. The real-world importance of nuclear weapons has led to the production of a voluminous scholarly literature on the causes and consequences of nuclear weapons proliferation. Missing from this literature, however, is a more nuanced analysis that moves beyond a binary treatment of nuclear weapons possession, to an exploration of how different nuclear postures and nonproliferation policies may influence the proliferation of nuclear weapons and subsequent security outcomes. This volume addresses this deficit by focusing on the causes and consequences of nuclear postures and nonproliferation policies. It is the aim of this book to advance the development of a new empirical research agenda that brings systematic research methods to bear on new dimensions of the nuclear weapons phenomenon. Prior to the contributions in this volume, there has been little evidence to suggest that nuclear postures and policies have a meaningful impact on the spread of nuclear weapons or security outcomes. This book brings together a new generation of scholars, advancing innovative theoretical positions, and performing quantitative tests using original data on nuclear postures, nonproliferation policies, and WMD proliferation. Together, the chapters in this volume make novel theoretical, empirical, and methodological contributions to the field of nuclear weapons proliferation. This book will be of much interest to students of nuclear proliferation, international relations and security studies.

Renegotiating the Nuclear Order

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000373851
Total Pages : 184 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (3 download)

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Book Synopsis Renegotiating the Nuclear Order by : Tarja Cronberg

Download or read book Renegotiating the Nuclear Order written by Tarja Cronberg and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-04-06 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Renegotiating the Nuclear Order offers a sociological approach to the nuclear order, and order defined by nuclear technology and nuclear weapons. The focus is on the need to renegotiate the nuclear order, given the conflict between deterrence and disarmament and the unbalanced distribution of rights and responsibilities between the nuclear and nonnuclear states. The study applies the concepts, a relevant social group, and a technological frame developed in the sociology of technology on the current competition between the Non-Proliferation Treaty and the Treaty on the Prohibition on Nuclear Weapons. The negotiations of the nuclear programs of North Korea and Iran form the empirical background. The policy challenges identified in the sociotechnical analysis are threefold. Firstly, there is the need to guarantee the credibility of the nuclear diplomacy in the gap between the “military” and the “peaceful”. Secondly, during the past 50 years the rights of the non-nuclear states have been undermined, while the nuclear-weapon states have ignored their disarmament obligations. There is a need to renegotiate a new balance. Thirdly, the relationship between the two treaties has to be clarified. The proposal is to clearly separate the two into a comprehensive treaty on non-proliferation and to a verifiable treaty on prohibiting nuclear weapons. This book will be of much interest to students of security studies, arms control and disarmament, sociology, STS (Science-Technology-Society) studies, and International Relations.