Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research

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Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
ISBN 13 : 0826156940
Total Pages : 311 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (261 download)

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Book Synopsis Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research by : Margarete Sandelowski

Download or read book Handbook for Synthesizing Qualitative Research written by Margarete Sandelowski and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2007 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Print+CourseSmart

Synthesizing Qualitative Research

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Author :
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119959829
Total Pages : 144 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (199 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesizing Qualitative Research by : Karin Hannes

Download or read book Synthesizing Qualitative Research written by Karin Hannes and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A considerable number of journal publications using a range of qualitative synthesis approaches has been published. Mary Dixon-Woods and colleagues (Mary Dixon-Woods, Booth, & Sutton, 2007) identified 42 qualitative evidence synthesis papers published in health care literature between 1990 and 2004. An ongoing update by Hannes and Macaitis (2010)identified around 100 additional qualitative or mixed methods syntheses. Yet these generally lack a clear, detailed description of what was done and why (Greenhalgh et al, 2007; McInnes & Wimpenny, 2008). Choices are most commonly influenced by what others have successfully used in the past or by a particular school of thought (Atkins et al, 2008; Britten et al, 2002). This is a substantive limitation. This book brings balance to the options available to researchers, including approaches that have not had a substantial uptake among researchers. It provides arguments for when and why researchers or other parties of interest should opt for a certain approach to synthesis, which challenges they might face in adopting it and what the potential strengths and weaknesses are compared with other approaches. This book acts as a resource for readers who would otherwise have to piece together the methodology from a range of journal articles. In addition, it should stimulate further development and documentation of synthesis methodology in a field that is characterized by diversity.

Meta-Ethnography

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Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 9780803930230
Total Pages : 112 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (32 download)

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Book Synopsis Meta-Ethnography by : George W. Noblit

Download or read book Meta-Ethnography written by George W. Noblit and published by SAGE. This book was released on 1988-02 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can ethnographic studies be generalized, in contrast to concentrating on the individual case? Noblit and Hare propose a new method for synthesizing from qualitative studies: meta-ethnography. After citing the criteria to be used in comparing qualitative research projects, the authors define the ways these can then be aggregated to create more cogent syntheses of research. Using examples from numerous studies ranging from ethnographic work in educational settings to the Mead-Freeman controversy over Samoan youth, Meta-Ethnography offers useful procedural advice from both comparative and cumulative analyses of qualitative data. This provocative volume will be read with interest by researchers and students in qualitative research methods, ethnography, education, sociology, and anthropology. "After defining metaphor and synthesis, these authors provide a step-by-step program that will allow the researcher to show similarity (reciprocal translation), difference (refutation), or similarity at a higher level (lines or argument synthesis) among sample studies....Contain(s) valuable strategies at a seldom-used level of analysis." --Contemporary Sociology "The authors made an important contribution by reframing how we think of ethnography comparison in a way that is compatible with the new developments in interpretive ethnography. Meta-Ethnography is well worth consulting for the problem definition it offers." --The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease "This book had to be written and I am pleased it was. Someone needed to break the ice and offer a strategy for summarizing multiple ethnographic studies. Noblit and Hare have done a commendable job of giving the research community one approach for doing so. Further, no one else can now venture into this area of synthesizing qualitative studies without making references to and positioning themselves vis-a-vis this volume." -Educational Studies

An Introduction to Qualitative Research Synthesis

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Author :
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136616128
Total Pages : 194 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (366 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Qualitative Research Synthesis by : Claire Howell Major

Download or read book An Introduction to Qualitative Research Synthesis written by Claire Howell Major and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-09-10 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a comprehensive guide for understanding, interpreting and synthesizing qualitative studies, An Introduction to Qualitative Research Synthesis shows how data can be collated together effectively to summarise existing bodies of knowledge and to create a more complete picture of findings across different studies The authors describe qualitative research synthesis and argue for its use, describing the process of data analysis, synthesis and interpretation and provide specific details and examples of how the approach works in practice. This accessible book: fully explains the qualitative research synthesis approach; provides advice and examples of findings; describes the process of establishing credibility in the research process; provides annotated examples of the work in process; references published examples of the approach across a wide variety of fields. Helping researchers to understand, make meaning and synthesize a wide variety of datasets, this book is broad in scope yet practical in approach. It will be beneficial to those working in social science disciplines, including researchers, teachers, students and policy makers, especially those interested in methods of synthesis such as meta-ethnography, qualitative meta-analysis, qualitative meta-synthesis, interpretive synthesis, narrative synthesis, and qualitative systematic review.

A Guide to Qualitative Meta-synthesis

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 135121277X
Total Pages : 160 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (512 download)

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Book Synopsis A Guide to Qualitative Meta-synthesis by : Deborah Finfgeld-Connett

Download or read book A Guide to Qualitative Meta-synthesis written by Deborah Finfgeld-Connett and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Guide to Qualitative Meta-synthesis provides accessible guidelines for conducting all phases of theory-generating meta-synthesis research, including data collection, analysis, and theory generation. It is a research methodology that is designed to generate evidence-based theory by extracting, analyzing, and synthesizing qualitative findings from across published investigations. These theories provide scaffolding that can be used by health-care providers and other professionals to make context-based decisions and implement situation-specific actions. Theory-generating meta-synthesis methods stem from the qualitative research paradigm, especially grounded theory. Systematic and rigorous methods are used to identify topically related research reports that provide qualitative findings for analysis. The subsequent analysis of the data goes beyond merely reorganizing and recategorizing research findings. Newly synthesized concepts are developed, and the dynamic relationships among them are fully articulated. The validity of the resultant theory is ensured based on theoretical, methodological, and researcher triangulation; unbiased data collection and sampling strategies; inductive-deductive data analysis and synthesis strategies; and continuous reflexivity. Meta-synthesis-generated theories are highly important in environments where the use of normalized algorithms, guidelines, and protocols are on the rise. The types of theories discussed in this book will help service providers customize standardized tools so that the most effective evidence-based, yet individualized, interventions can be implemented.

Synthesizing Qualitative Evidence

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781451163841
Total Pages : 79 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (638 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesizing Qualitative Evidence by :

Download or read book Synthesizing Qualitative Evidence written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 79 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Practitioners and patients are called upon to make numerous health care decisions and, in doing so, need to weigh various types of information before taking action. This information comes from a myriad of sources, including the results of well-designed research; information related to the preferences of patients/clients and their relevant others; the practitioner{u2019}s own experiences; and the nature and norms of the setting and culture in which the care is being delivered. Methods to synthesize qualitative evidence are now emerging and this text examines the methodological bases to qualitative synthesis and describes the processes involved in the conduct of a rigorous synthesis of qualitative evidence, with a particular focus on Meta-Aggregation."--[source inconnue].

Systematic Synthesis of Qualitative Research

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Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0199908753
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (999 download)

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Book Synopsis Systematic Synthesis of Qualitative Research by : Michael Saini

Download or read book Systematic Synthesis of Qualitative Research written by Michael Saini and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2012-02-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Qualitative synthesis within the family of systematic reviews meets an urgent need to use knowledge derived from qualitative studies to inform practice, research, and policy. Despite the contingent nature of evidence gleaned from synthesis of qualitative studies, systematic synthesis is an important technique and, used judiciously, can deepen understanding of the contextual dimensions that emerge from qualitative research. This pocket guide presents an overview for planning, developing, and implementing qualitative synthesis within existing protocols and guidelines for conducting systematic reviews. The authors also explore methodological challenges, including: the philosophical tensions of integrating qualitative synthesis within the family of systematic reviews; the balance of comprehensive and iterative information retrieval strategies to locate and screen qualitative research; the use of appraisal tools to assess quality of qualitative studies; the various approaches to synthesize qualitative studies, including interpretive, integrated, and aggregative; and the tensions between the generalizability and transferability of findings that emerge from qualitative synthesis. Social work researchers, educators, and doctoral students who are interested in systematic reviews will find the step-by-step format of this book invaluable for conducting their reviews, both in the form of rapid evidence assessments and in high-quality critical reviews.

Synthesising Qualitative And Quantitative Health Evidence: A Guide To Methods

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Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 033521956X
Total Pages : 222 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesising Qualitative And Quantitative Health Evidence: A Guide To Methods by : Pope, Catherine

Download or read book Synthesising Qualitative And Quantitative Health Evidence: A Guide To Methods written by Pope, Catherine and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2007-07-01 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive overview of range of approaches and methods available for synthesising qualitative and quantitative evidence and an explanation of why this is important. This book looks at different types of review and examining place of synthesis in reviews for policy and management decision making.

Synthesizing Qualitative and Quantitative Health Research

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Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
ISBN 13 : 0335230156
Total Pages : 224 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (352 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesizing Qualitative and Quantitative Health Research by : Catherine Pope

Download or read book Synthesizing Qualitative and Quantitative Health Research written by Catherine Pope and published by McGraw-Hill Education (UK). This book was released on 2007-07-16 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Every year a vast number of research studies and a myriad of other forms of ‘evidence’ are produced that have potential to inform policy and practice. Synthesis provides a way of bringing together diverse kinds of evidence to bridge the so called ‘gap’ between evidence and policy. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the range of approaches and methods available for synthesising qualitative and quantitative evidence and a detailed explanation of why this is important. It does this by: Looking at the different types of review and examining the place of synthesis in reviews for policy and management decision making Describing the process of conducting and interpreting syntheses Suggesting questions which can be used to assess the quality of a synthesis Synthesising Qualitative and Quantitative Health Evidence is essential reading for students and professional researchers who need to assemble and synthesise findings and insights from multiple sources. It is also relevant to policy makers and practitioners in the field of health, and those working in other areas of social and public policy.

Qualitative Research in Health Care

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Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119410835
Total Pages : 278 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (194 download)

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Book Synopsis Qualitative Research in Health Care by : Catherine Pope

Download or read book Qualitative Research in Health Care written by Catherine Pope and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-03 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides the essential information that health care researchers and health professionals need to understand the basics of qualitative research Now in its fourth edition, this concise, accessible, and authoritative introduction to conducting and interpreting qualitative research in the health care field has been fully revised and updated. Continuing to introduce the core qualitative methods for data collection and analysis, this new edition also features chapters covering newer methods which are becoming more widely used in the health research field; examining the role of theory, the analysis of virtual and digital data, and advances in participatory approaches to research. Qualitative Research in Health Care, 4th Edition looks at the interface between qualitative and quantitative research in primary mixed method studies, case study research, and secondary analysis and evidence synthesis. The book further offers chapters covering: different research designs, ethical issues in qualitative research; interview, focus group and observational methods; and documentary and conversation analysis. A succinct, and practical guide quickly conveying the essentials of qualitative research Updated with chapters on new and increasingly used methods of data collection including digital and web research Features new examples and up-to-date references and further reading The fourth edition of Qualitative Research in Health Care is relevant to health care professionals, researchers and students in health and related disciplines.

An Introduction to Qualitative Research

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Publisher : SAGE
ISBN 13 : 1446241319
Total Pages : 529 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (462 download)

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Book Synopsis An Introduction to Qualitative Research by : Uwe Flick

Download or read book An Introduction to Qualitative Research written by Uwe Flick and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2009-02-19 with total page 529 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'The fourth edition of Uwe Flick's Introduction to Qualitative Research remains the most comprehensive and thorough text in qualitative research. It is student-and user-friendly, thoroughly up-to-date in terms of the latest developments in the field, imminently practical. it is the single most important introductory book on qualitative inquiry in the social sciences today' - Norman K. Denzin, University of Illinois The new edition of Uwe Flick's bestselling textbook has been fully revised, expanded and updated. An Introduction to Qualitative Research guides the student step-by-step through the research process of qualitative research. This classic text covers all of the main theoretical approaches to qualitative research, and provides unmatched coverage of the full range of different qualitative methods and approaches now available to researchers. A range of new features have been added to the new edition including: - New structure to better meet the needs of teaching qualitative research - A new chapter on Grounded Theory plus updated coverage on the full range of other qualitative methods - A summary section discussing the state-of-the-art in qualitative research - A glossary - Updated cases studies, exercises and guided questions This new edition will continue to ensure that An Introduction to Qualitative Research remains an essential introductory text for all students of qualitative research.

Qualitative Research

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Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506305504
Total Pages : 404 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis Qualitative Research by : Johnny Saldana

Download or read book Qualitative Research written by Johnny Saldana and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Qualitative Research: Analyzing Life presents a fresh approach to teaching and learning qualitative methods for social inquiry—one that focuses on analysis from the very beginning of the text. By exploring qualitative research through a unique analytic lens, then cumulatively elaborating on methods in each successive chapter, this innovative work cultivates a skill set and literacy base that prepares readers to work strategically with empirical materials in their own fieldwork. Renowned authors Johnny Saldaña and Matt Omasta combine clear, accessible writing and analytic insight to show that analysis, in its broadest sense, is a process undertaken throughout the entire research experience.

Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise

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Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1317646908
Total Pages : 1205 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (176 download)

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Book Synopsis Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise by : Brett Smith

Download or read book Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise written by Brett Smith and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-13 with total page 1205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The last two decades have witnessed a proliferation of qualitative research in sport and exercise. The Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise is the first book to offer an in-depth survey of established and emerging qualitative methods, from conceptual first principles to practice and process. Written and edited by a team of world-leading researchers, and some of the best emerging talents, the book introduces a range of research traditions within which qualitative researchers work. It explores the different methods used to collect and analyse data, offering rationales for why each method might be chosen and guidance on how to employ each technique successfully. It also introduces important contemporary debates and goes further than any other book in exploring new methods, concepts, and future directions, such as sensory research, digital research, visual methods, and how qualitative research can generate impact. Cutting-edge, timely and comprehensive, the Routledge Handbook of Qualitative Research in Sport and Exercise is an essential reference for any student or scholar using qualitative methods in sport and exercise-related research.

Synthesizing Research on Language Learning and Teaching

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Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9027219656
Total Pages : 365 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (272 download)

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Book Synopsis Synthesizing Research on Language Learning and Teaching by : John Michael Norris

Download or read book Synthesizing Research on Language Learning and Teaching written by John Michael Norris and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the first collection of work on research synthesis in applied linguistics. It introduces readers­ ­to a cutting-edge approach for reviewing and summarizing exactly what accumulated research has to say about theoretical and practical subjects. John Norris and Lourdes Ortega first elucidate the value and practice of synthesis, and they challenge all members of the research community to adopt a “synthetic ethic”. The book then features seven empirical syntheses, each modeling rigorous synthetic practice in definitively reviewing the state of knowledge and research quality in important domains. Included are five meta-analyses on: Universal Grammar; Task-Based Interaction; Corrective Feedback; Instructed Pragmatics Development; and Reading Strategy Training. Also included are a qualitative meta-synthesis on Effective Teaching for English Language Learners, and a historiographical synthesis of Proficiency Assessment practices. Rounding out the collection are commentaries by two renowned experts in language learning and teaching research: Nick Ellis and Craig Chaudron.

The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis

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Publisher : Russell Sage Foundation
ISBN 13 : 1610448863
Total Pages : 567 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis by : Harris Cooper

Download or read book The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis written by Harris Cooper and published by Russell Sage Foundation. This book was released on 2019-06-14 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research synthesis is the practice of systematically distilling and integrating data from many studies in order to draw more reliable conclusions about a given research issue. When the first edition of The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis was published in 1994, it quickly became the definitive reference for conducting meta-analyses in both the social and behavioral sciences. In the third edition, editors Harris Cooper, Larry Hedges, and Jeff Valentine present updated versions of classic chapters and add new sections that evaluate cutting-edge developments in the field. The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis draws upon groundbreaking advances that have transformed research synthesis from a narrative craft into an important scientific process in its own right. The editors and leading scholars guide the reader through every stage of the research synthesis process—problem formulation, literature search and evaluation, statistical integration, and report preparation. The Handbook incorporates state-of-the-art techniques from all quantitative synthesis traditions and distills a vast literature to explain the most effective solutions to the problems of quantitative data integration. Among the statistical issues addressed are the synthesis of non-independent data sets, fixed and random effects methods, the performance of sensitivity analyses and model assessments, the development of machine-based abstract screening, the increased use of meta-regression and the problems of missing data. The Handbook also addresses the non-statistical aspects of research synthesis, including searching the literature and developing schemes for gathering information from study reports. Those engaged in research synthesis will find useful advice on how tables, graphs, and narration can foster communication of the results of research syntheses. The third edition of the Handbook provides comprehensive instruction in the skills necessary to conduct research syntheses and represents the premier text on research synthesis. Praise for the first edition: "The Handbook is a comprehensive treatment of literature synthesis and provides practical advice for anyone deep in the throes of, just teetering on the brink of, or attempting to decipher a meta-analysis. Given the expanding application and importance of literature synthesis, understanding both its strengths and weaknesses is essential for its practitioners and consumers. This volume is a good beginning for those who wish to gain that understanding." —Chance "Meta-analysis, as the statistical analysis of a large collection of results from individual studies is called, has now achieved a status of respectability in medicine. This respectability, when combined with the slight hint of mystique that sometimes surrounds meta-analysis, ensures that results of studies that use it are treated with the respect they deserve....The Handbook of Research Synthesis is one of the most important publications in this subject both as a definitive reference book and a practical manual."—British Medical Journal When the first edition of The Handbook of Research Synthesis was published in 1994, it quickly became the definitive reference for researchers conducting meta-analyses of existing research in both the social and biological sciences. In this fully revised second edition, editors Harris Cooper, Larry Hedges, and Jeff Valentine present updated versions of the Handbook's classic chapters, as well as entirely new sections reporting on the most recent, cutting-edge developments in the field. Research synthesis is the practice of systematically distilling and integrating data from a variety of sources in order to draw more reliable conclusions about a given question or topic. The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis draws upon years of groundbreaking advances that have transformed research synthesis from a narrative craft into an important scientific process in its own right. Cooper, Hedges, and Valentine have assembled leading authorities in the field to guide the reader through every stage of the research synthesis process—problem formulation, literature search and evaluation, statistical integration, and report preparation. The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis incorporates state-of-the-art techniques from all quantitative synthesis traditions. Distilling a vast technical literature and many informal sources, the Handbook provides a portfolio of the most effective solutions to the problems of quantitative data integration. Among the statistical issues addressed by the authors are the synthesis of non-independent data sets, fixed and random effects methods, the performance of sensitivity analyses and model assessments, and the problem of missing data. The Handbook of Research Synthesis and Meta-Analysis also provides a rich treatment of the non-statistical aspects of research synthesis. Topics include searching the literature, and developing schemes for gathering information from study reports. Those engaged in research synthesis will also find useful advice on how tables, graphs, and narration can be used to provide the most meaningful communication of the results of research synthesis. In addition, the editors address the potentials and limitations of research synthesis, and its future directions. The past decade has been a period of enormous growth in the field of research synthesis. The second edition Handbook thoroughly revises original chapters to assure that the volume remains the most authoritative source of information for researchers undertaking meta-analysis today. In response to the increasing use of research synthesis in the formation of public policy, the second edition includes a new chapter on both the strengths and limitations of research synthesis in policy debates

The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research

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Author :
Publisher : SAGE Publications
ISBN 13 : 1506365442
Total Pages : 1406 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (63 download)

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Book Synopsis The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research by : Norman K. Denzin

Download or read book The SAGE Handbook of Qualitative Research written by Norman K. Denzin and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 1406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The substantially updated and revised Fifth Edition of this landmark handbook presents the state-of-the-art theory and practice of qualitative inquiry. Representing top scholars from around the world, the editors and contributors continue the tradition of synthesizing existing literature, defining the present, and shaping the future of qualitative research. The Fifth Edition contains 19 new chapters, with 16 revised—making it virtually a new volume—while retaining six classic chapters from previous editions. New contributors to this edition include Jamel K. Donnor and Gloria Ladson-Billings; Margaret Kovach; Paula Saukko; Bryant Keith Alexander; Thomas A. Schwandt and Emily F. Gates; Johnny Saldaña; Uwe Flick; Mirka Koro-Ljungberg, Maggie MacLure, and Jasmine Ulmer; Maria Elena Torre, Brett G. Stoudt, Einat Manoff, and Michelle Fine; Jack Bratich; Svend Brinkmann; Eric Margolis and Renu Zunjarwad; Annette N. Markham; Alecia Y. Jackson and Lisa A. Mazzei; Jonathan Wyatt, Ken Gale, Susanne Gannon, and Bronwyn Davies; Janice Morse; Peter Dahler-Larsen; Marc Spooner; and David A. Westbrook.

Finding What Works in Health Care

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Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309164257
Total Pages : 267 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Finding What Works in Health Care by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Finding What Works in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-07-20 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Healthcare decision makers in search of reliable information that compares health interventions increasingly turn to systematic reviews for the best summary of the evidence. Systematic reviews identify, select, assess, and synthesize the findings of similar but separate studies, and can help clarify what is known and not known about the potential benefits and harms of drugs, devices, and other healthcare services. Systematic reviews can be helpful for clinicians who want to integrate research findings into their daily practices, for patients to make well-informed choices about their own care, for professional medical societies and other organizations that develop clinical practice guidelines. Too often systematic reviews are of uncertain or poor quality. There are no universally accepted standards for developing systematic reviews leading to variability in how conflicts of interest and biases are handled, how evidence is appraised, and the overall scientific rigor of the process. In Finding What Works in Health Care the Institute of Medicine (IOM) recommends 21 standards for developing high-quality systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research. The standards address the entire systematic review process from the initial steps of formulating the topic and building the review team to producing a detailed final report that synthesizes what the evidence shows and where knowledge gaps remain. Finding What Works in Health Care also proposes a framework for improving the quality of the science underpinning systematic reviews. This book will serve as a vital resource for both sponsors and producers of systematic reviews of comparative effectiveness research.