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Synthesis Of Cadmium Chalcogenide Based Quantum Dots For Enhanced Multiple Exciton Generation
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Book Synopsis Synthesis of Cadmium Chalcogenide Based Quantum Dots for Enhanced Multiple Exciton Generation by : Robert Christopher Page
Download or read book Synthesis of Cadmium Chalcogenide Based Quantum Dots for Enhanced Multiple Exciton Generation written by Robert Christopher Page and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots by : John Donegan
Download or read book Cadmium Telluride Quantum Dots written by John Donegan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last two decades, semiconductor quantum dots-small colloidal nanoparticles-have garnered a great deal of scientific interest because of their unique properties. Among nanomaterials, CdTe holds special technological importance as the only known II-VI material that can form conventional p-n junctions. This makes CdTe very important for the dev
Book Synopsis Biosynthesis of Cadmium Chalcogenide Quantum Dots and Enhancement of Their Functional Properties Via Surface Modification by : Zhou Yang
Download or read book Biosynthesis of Cadmium Chalcogenide Quantum Dots and Enhancement of Their Functional Properties Via Surface Modification written by Zhou Yang and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post-treatments, such as core/shell growth, phase transfer, and photoenhancement were utilized to modify the surface chemistry of these nanocrystals to improve their properties for potential applications. Core/shell structures on both CdS and CdSe cores with different shell structure (ZnS for CdS, CdS for CdSe) were achieved. This significantly improved their optical properties, for example, core/shell CdSe/CdS exhibits a quantum yield up to 12 %. A facile phase transfer protocol was proposed to efficiently transfer the QDs from aqueous phase to organic phase. In addition, photoenhancement via UV illumination was also introduced for CdSe QDs and their photoluminescence was highly improved. Owing to the post-treatments, the qualities of these cell-based QDs are comparable to that from chemical synthesis routes. Our biosynthetic approach to cadmium chalcogenide QDs production provides a viable pathway to realize the promise of green biomanufacturing of these materials for optoelectronic, energy, medicine and other emerging technological applications.
Download or read book Quantum Dots written by Rakshit Ameta and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-09-20 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum Dots: Fundamentals, Synthesis and Applications compiles key information, along with practical guidance on quantum dot synthesis and applications. Beginning with an introduction, Part One highlights such foundational knowledge as growth mechanisms, shape and composition, electrochemical properties, and production scale-up for quantum dots. Part Two goes on to provide practical guides to key chemical, physical and biological methods for the synthesis of quantum dots, with Part Three reviewing the application of quantum dots and a range of important use cases, including photocatalysis, energy cells and medical imaging. Drawing on the knowledge of its expert authors, this comprehensive book provides practical guidance for all those who already study, develop or use quantum dots in their work. - Presents the foundational information needed to effectively understand and manipulate quantum dot properties - Consolidates key methods of quantum dot synthesis in a single volume - Reviews both current and future practical applications of quantum dots across a range of important fields
Book Synopsis Colloidal Quantum Dot Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics by : Gerasimos Konstantatos
Download or read book Colloidal Quantum Dot Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics written by Gerasimos Konstantatos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Captures the most up-to-date research in the field, written in an accessible style by the world's leading experts.
Book Synopsis Engineering of Lead Chalcogenide Nanostructures for Carrier Multiplication by : Qianglu Lin
Download or read book Engineering of Lead Chalcogenide Nanostructures for Carrier Multiplication written by Qianglu Lin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Near infrared emitting semiconductors have been used widely in industry especially in solar-cell fabrications. The efficiency of single junction solar-cell can reach the Shockley-Queisser limit by using optimum band gap material such as silicon and cadmium telluride. The theoretical efficiency can be further enhanced through carrier muliplication, in which a high energy photon is absorbed and more than one electron-hole pair can be generated, reaching more than 100% quantum efficiency in the high energy region of sunlight. The realization of more than unity external quantum efficiency in lead selenide quantum dots solar cell has motivated vast investigation on lowering the carrier multiplication threshold and further improving the efficiency. This dissertaion focuses on synthesis of lead chalcogenide nanostructures for their optical spectroscopy studies. PbSe/CdSe core/shell quantum dots were synthesized by cation exchange to obtain thick shells (up to 14 monolayers) for studies of visible and near infrared dual band emissions and carrier multiplication efficiency. By examining the reaction mechanism, a thermodynamic and kinetic model are introduced to explain the vacancy driven cation exchange. As indicated by the effective mass model, PbSe/CdSe core/shell quantum dots has quasi-type-II band alignment, possessing electron delocalized through the entire quantum dot and hole localized in the core, which breaks down the symmetry of energy levels in the conduction and valence band, leading to hot-hole-assisted efficient multi-exciton generation and a lower carrier multiplication threshold to the theoretical value. For further investigation of carrier muliplication study, PbTe, possessing the highest efficiency among lead chalcogenides due to slow intraband cooling, is synthesized in one-dimensional and two-dimensional nanostructures. By using dodecanethiol as the surfactant, PbTe NRs can be prepared with high unformity in width and resulted in fine quantum confinement features. The reaction can be explained by a soft-template assisted process, in which the lamellar lead-thiolate precursor transforms into rod-shape micelle in existence of telluride anions by electrostatic attraction. Fine tuning the reaction condition by changing the solvent to oleylamine, lead telluride nanowires with length up to 200 nm can be prepared, which bundled together because of the strong dipole-dipole attration between nanowires. Decreasing the amount of surfactant dodecanethiol in the synthesis produces lead telluride nanorings, which formed by attaching four small particles together, leaving the center void. To prepare two-dimensional nanoplatelets, mixture ligands containing two amines with different carbon chain length were used, which initiate oriented attachment of the nanoparticles to form square-shape nonoplatelets. By further adopting stronger binding ligands such as phosphonic acid, PbTe nanoplatelets with micrometer lateral dimension were prepared with extremely sharp near infrared photoluminescence (less than 40 meV), which has never be achieved in quantum dots and other nanostructures.
Book Synopsis Semiconductor Quantum Dots by : Mark Green
Download or read book Semiconductor Quantum Dots written by Mark Green and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2014-07-01 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantum dots are nano-sized particles of semiconducting material, typically chalcogenides or phosphides of metals found across groups II to VI of the periodic table. Their small size causes them to exhibit unique optical and electrical properties which are now finding applications in electronics, optics and in the biological sciences. Synthesis of these materials began in the late 1980’s and this book gives a thorough background to the topic, referencing these early discoveries. Any rapidly-expanding field will contain vast amounts of publications, and this book presents a complete overview of the field, bringing together the most relevant and seminal aspects literature in an informed and succinct manner. The author has been an active participant in the field since its infancy in the mid 1990’s, and presents a unique handbook to the synthesis and application of this unique class of materials. Drawing on both his own experience and referencing the primary literature, Mark Green has prepared. Postgraduates and experienced researchers will benefit from the comprehensive nature of the book, as will manufacturers of quantum dots and those wishing to apply them.
Download or read book Renewable Energy written by Bent Sorensen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-12-14 with total page 2318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This four-volume set, edited by a leading expert in the field, brings together in one collection a series of papers that have been fundamental to the development of renewable energy as a defined discipline. Some of the papers were first published many years ago, but they remain classics in their fields and retain their relevance to the understanding of current issues. The papers have been selected with the assistance of an eminent international editorial board. The set includes a general introduction and each volume is introduced by a new overview essay, placing the selected papers in context. The range of subject matter is considerable, including coverage of all the main renewable technologies, the fundamental principles by which they function, and the issues around their deployment such as planning, integration and socio-economic assessment. Overall, the set provides students, teachers and researchers, confronted with thousands of journal articles, book chapters and grey literature stretching back decades, with a ready-made selection of and commentary on the most important key writings in renewable energy. It will be an essential reference for libraries concerned with energy, technology and the environment.
Book Synopsis Nanocrystal Quantum Dots by : Victor I. Klimov
Download or read book Nanocrystal Quantum Dots written by Victor I. Klimov and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-19 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of recent advancements in colloidal nanocrystals and quantum-confined nanostructures, Nanocrystal Quantum Dots is the second edition of Semiconductor and Metal Nanocrystals: Synthesis and Electronic and Optical Properties, originally published in 2003. This new title reflects the book’s altered focus on semiconductor nanocrystals. Gathering contributions from leading researchers, this book contains new chapters on carrier multiplication (generation of multiexcitons by single photons), doping of semiconductor nanocrystals, and applications of nanocrystals in biology. Other updates include: New insights regarding the underlying mechanisms supporting colloidal nanocrystal growth A revised general overview of multiexciton phenomena, including spectral and dynamical signatures of multiexcitons in transient absorption and photoluminescence Analysis of nanocrystal-specific features of multiexciton recombination A review of the status of new field of carrier multiplication Expanded coverage of theory, covering the regime of high-charge densities New results on quantum dots of lead chalcogenides, with a focus studies of carrier multiplication and the latest results regarding Schottky junction solar cells Presents useful examples to illustrate applications of nanocrystals in biological labeling, imaging, and diagnostics The book also includes a review of recent progress made in biological applications of colloidal nanocrystals, as well as a comparative analysis of the advantages and limitations of techniques for preparing biocompatible quantum dots. The authors summarize the latest developments in the synthesis and understanding of magnetically doped semiconductor nanocrystals, and they present a detailed discussion of issues related to the synthesis, magneto-optics, and photoluminescence of doped colloidal nanocrystals as well. A valuable addition to the pantheon of literature in the field of nanoscience, this book presents pioneering research from experts whose work has led to the numerous advances of the past several years.
Book Synopsis Semiconductor Nanocrystals by : Alexander L. Efros
Download or read book Semiconductor Nanocrystals written by Alexander L. Efros and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A physics book that covers the optical properties of quantum-confined semiconductor nanostructures from both the theoretical and experimental points of view together with technological applications. Topics to be reviewed include quantum confinement effects in semiconductors, optical adsorption and emission properties of group IV, III-V, II-VI semiconductors, deep-etched and self assembled quantum dots, nanoclusters, and laser applications in optoelectronics.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Structure of Colloidal Quantum Dots by : Ingrid Joylyn Paredes
Download or read book Synthesis and Structure of Colloidal Quantum Dots written by Ingrid Joylyn Paredes and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2023-06-15 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field comprising materials scientists, chemists, physicists, and engineers dedicated to understanding the chemistry behind the associated synthesis, purification, modification, and applications. Already, nanotechnology has been instrumental to advances in medicine, electronics, catalysis, and cosmetics. The work of nanotechnologists has enabled society to move from the current “Silicon Age” into a new “Nano Age.” These alternatives to Si-based technologies are expected to combine the optoelectronic properties of bulk inorganic semiconductors with the benefits of additive device manufacturing—low cost, large area, and solution-based processes. This primer focuses on a class of nanomaterials known as colloidal quantum dots. Known for their solution processability and size-dependent optoelectronic properties, the study of colloidal quantum dots has garnered significant attention from the research community. The goal of this primer is to equip newcomers with the introductory knowledge and tools necessary to enter the field. As such, the scope of our work focuses on the synthesis and characterization of quantum dots; where possible, we point the reader to further reading specific to applications.
Book Synopsis Core/Shell Quantum Dots by : Xin Tong
Download or read book Core/Shell Quantum Dots written by Xin Tong and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book outlines various synthetic approaches, tuneable physical properties, and device applications of core/shell quantum dots (QDs). Core/shell QDs have exhibited enhanced quantum yield (QY), suppressed photobleaching/blinking, and significantly improved photochemical/physical stability as compared to conventional bare QDs. The core-shell structure also promotes the easy tuning of QDs’ band structure, leading to their employment as attractive building blocks in various optoelectronic devices. The main objective of this book is to create a platform for knowledge sharing and dissemination of the latest advances in novel areas of core/shell QDs and relevant devices, and to provide a comprehensive introduction and directions for further research in this growing area of nanomaterials research.
Book Synopsis Ternary Quantum Dots by : Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi
Download or read book Ternary Quantum Dots written by Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-07-02 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ternary Quantum Dots: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications reviews the latest advances in ternary (I-III-VI) chalcopyrite quantum dots (QDs), along with their synthesis, properties and applications. Sections address the fundamental key concepts of ternary quantum dots, progress in synthesis strategies (i.e., organic and aqueous synthesis), and characterization methods (i.e., transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, etc.). Properties of ternary quantum dots are comprehensively reviewed, including optical, chemical and physical properties. The factors and mechanisms of the cytotoxicity of ternary quantum dot-based nanomaterials are also described. Since ternary chalcopyrite quantum dots are less toxic and more environmentally benign than conventional binary II-VI chalcogenide quantum dots, they are being investigated to replace conventional quantum dots in a range of applications. Thus, this book reviews QDs in various applications, such as solar cells, photocatalytic, sensors and bio-applications. - Reviews fundamental concepts of ternary quantum dots and quantum dot-nanocomposites including the most relevant synthesis strategies, key properties, and characterization techniques - Delves into the cytotoxicity of quantum dots looking at the factors and mechanisms that influence cytotoxicity including demonstration of cytotoxicity assays for in vitro and in vivo tests - Touches on the many applications of ternary quantum dots including biomedical applications, applications in solar cells, sensing applications, and photocatalytic applications
Book Synopsis Colloidal Quantum Dot Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics by : Gerasimos Konstantatos
Download or read book Colloidal Quantum Dot Optoelectronics and Photovoltaics written by Gerasimos Konstantatos and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-11-07 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capturing the most up-to-date research in colloidal quantum dot (CQD) devices, this book is written in an accessible style by the world's leading experts. The application of CQDs in solar cells, photodetectors and light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has developed rapidly over recent years, promising to transform the future of clean energy, communications, and displays. This complete guide to the field provides researchers, students and practitioners alike with everything they need to understand these developments and begin contributing to future applications. Introductory chapters summarise the fundamental physics and chemistry, whilst later chapters review the developments that have propelled the field forwards, systematically working through key device advances. The science of CQD films is explained through the latest physical models of semiconductor transport, trapping and recombination, whilst the engineering of organic and inorganic multilayered materials is shown to have enabled major advances in the brightness and efficiency of CQD LEDs.
Book Synopsis Biological Responses to Nanoscale Particles by : Peter Gehr
Download or read book Biological Responses to Nanoscale Particles written by Peter Gehr and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-04-16 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book the recent progress accumulated in studies of the interaction of engineered nanoparticles with cells and cellular constituents is presented. The focus is on manufacturing and characterization of nanosized materials, their interactions with biological molecules such as proteins, the mechanisms of transport across biological membranes as well as their effects on biological functions. Fundamental molecular and cellular aspects are in the foreground of the book. A further particularity is the interdisciplinary approach, including fields such as preparatory and analytical chemistry, biophysics and the physics of colloids, advanced microscopy and spectroscopy for in-situ detection of nanoparticles, cellular toxicology and nanomedicine. Nanoscale particles are known to exhibit novel and unprecedented properties that make them different from their corresponding bulk materials. As our ability to control these properties is further advanced, a huge potential to create materials with novel properties and applications emerges. Although the technological and economic benefits of nanomaterials are indisputable, concerns have also been raised that nanoscale structuring of materials might also induce negative health effects. Unfortunately, such negative health effects cannot be deduced from the known toxicity of the corresponding macroscopic material. As a result, there is a major gap in the knowledge necessary for assessing their risk to human health.
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Colloidal Lead Chalcogenide Quantum Dots and Progress Towards Single Photons On-demand by : Keith Alexander Abel
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Colloidal Lead Chalcogenide Quantum Dots and Progress Towards Single Photons On-demand written by Keith Alexander Abel and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanometer-sized semiconductor crystals, termed 'quantum dots', are of fundamental interest because of their size-tunable properties. Three-dimensional quantum confinement of charge carriers by the small crystal size results in discrete atomic-like electronic states. This dissertation describes the synthesis and in-depth characterization of lead chalcogenide colloidal quantum dots for forthcoming applications as near-infrared single photon emitters. An efficient single photon source that operates at telecommunication wavelengths (between 1.3 and 1.6?m) is a basic requirement for many photonic quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and quantum cryptography. Chapters 1 and 2 of this work provide an introduction to colloidal quantum dots and their use as single photon emitters. It includes a description of photonic crystal microcavities and their ability to enhance the spontaneous emission rate of quantum dots. The synthesis and basic characterization of PbSe and PbS quantum dots is then discussed in chapter 3. In particular, a new synthetic method for the preparation of highly photoluminescent PbS quantum dots is presented. PbSe/CdSe core/shell quantum dots prepared by a cation exchange reaction are also described and a significant improvement in photo-stability is shown. Chapter 3 concludes with a description of three different surface modification techniques. PbSe core and PbSe/CdSe core/shell materials are investigated further in chapter 4 by advanced characterization techniques that include high-angle annular dark field (HAADF) imaging, energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EF-TEM) imaging, energy-dependent X-ray photo-electron spectroscopy (XPS), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and small angle neutron scattering (SANS). The information obtained from these techniques is combined to form a structural model of the PbSe core and PbSe/CdSe core/shell quantum dots with greater complexity than previously reported. In chapter 5, the temperature-dependent photoluminescence from PbSe and PbSe/CdSe core/shell quantum dots is discussed and a thermal model is presented that accounts for the large (non-trivial) temperature dependence of the Stokes shift and photoluminescence lineshape over the entire temperature range (4.5 to 295 K). Chapter 6 examines two scalable methods to integrate the colloidal quantum dots into silicon two-dimensional photonic crystal slab microcavities (a requirement for efficient single photon emission). Finally, conclusions and possible future work are discussed in chapter 7.
Book Synopsis Quantum Dots - Theory and Applications by : Rodolph Donovan
Download or read book Quantum Dots - Theory and Applications written by Rodolph Donovan and published by . This book was released on 2016-04-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quantum dot is a nanoparticle made of any semiconductor material such as silicon, cadmium selenide, cadmium sulfide, or indium arsenide. Quantum dots may be able to increase the efficiency of solar cells. In normal solar cells, a photon of light generates one electron. Experiments with both silicon quantum dots and lead sulfide quantum dots can generate two electrons for a single photon of light. Therefore, using quantum dots in solar cells could significantly increase their efficiency in producing electric power. Quantum dots (QD) are nanoscale semiconductor devices that tightly confine either electrons or electron holes in all three spatial dimensions. They can be made through several possible routes including colloidal synthesis, plasma synthesis, or mechanical fabrication. The electronic properties of the quantum dots fall between those of bulk semiconductors and those of discrete molecules of comparable size, and optoelectronic properties such as band gap, can be tuned as a function of particle size and shape for a given composition. Because of the high tunability of properties, QDs are of interest in many research applications such as transistors, solar cells, LEDs, and diode lasers. For instance, the ability of QDs to precisely convert and tune a spectrum makes them ideal for LCD displays. Previous LCD displays can waste energy converting red-green poor, blue-yellow rich white light into a more balanced lighting. By using QDs, only the necessary colors for ideal images are contained in the screen. The result is a screen that is brighter, clearer, and more energy-efficient. Researchers are also working on the use of quantum dots in displays for applications ranging from your cell phone to large screen televisions that would consume less power than current displays. By placing different size quantum dots in each pixel of a display screen, the red, green, and blue colors used to generate the full spectrum of colors would be available. The book Quantum Dots - Theory and Applications covers some new research results in the field of fundamental excitations, decoherence, charge states, epitaxial techniques and photoluminescence experiments related to devices made with quantum dots also includes numerous applications of quantum dots.
