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Synthesis And Characterization Of Lead Compounds In Waste Lead Battery Treatment
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Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Compounds in Waste Lead Battery Treatment by : Hengrui Zhou
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Compounds in Waste Lead Battery Treatment written by Hengrui Zhou and published by Open Dissertation Press. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation, "Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Compounds in Waste Lead Battery Treatment" by Hengrui, Zhou, 周恆瑞, was obtained from The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong) and is being sold pursuant to Creative Commons: Attribution 3.0 Hong Kong License. The content of this dissertation has not been altered in any way. We have altered the formatting in order to facilitate the ease of printing and reading of the dissertation. All rights not granted by the above license are retained by the author. Abstract: Abstract of thesis entitled "Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Compounds in Waste Lead Battery Treatment" Submitted by Zhou Hengrui for degree of Master of Philosophy at The University of Hong Kong in 2015 The disposal of waste lead-acid batteries has become a global challenge due to the negative effect of lead pollution to environment and human. The traditional pyrometallurgical treatment for waste lead-acid batteries is under severe criticism for the high energy consumption and sulfuric oxide emission. This study investigated the feasibility of alternative treatment methods to prevent the adverse environmental impact created by conventional treatments. The final goal also aimed to beneficially regenerate products with an improved energy storage capacity from waste lead-acid batteries. The study firstly developed a rapid and low-cost hydrometallurgical process to synthesize submicron PbO particles in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Secondly, a urea-assisted hydrothermal method and a wet-chemical synthesis method were adopted to fabricate nanostructured PbO and hexagonal disk Pb (CO ) (OH) . 3 3 2 2 i Product phases and microstructures were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Furthermore, the applications of these products for battery anodes were also examined. The results showed that submicron PbO particles were successfully synthesized via the thermal decomposition of PVP/Pb(CH COO) . The prepared product was 3 2 identified to be orthorhombic β-PbO by qualitative XRD analysis, of which the average particle size was about 200 nm. The critical procedure to form single phase submicron PbO was identified as heat treating the PVP/Pb(CH COO) mixtures with 3 2 a molar ratio of 2 at 550 C for 3 h. The PVP dosage affects the interaction between 2+ Pb and PVP molecule, and this was revealed by the FT-IR spectroscopy results. By a urea-assisted hydrothermal treatment method, nanostructured PbO can be readily recovered from the lead chloride (PbCl ) precursor. The hydrothermal treatment at 150 C for 2 h was efficient to prepare single phase PbCO of which the subsequent 3, calcination was initiated from 350 C for 1 h to yield nanostructured PbO. With a wet-chemical synthesis route, the formation of hydrocerussite (Pb (CO ) (OH) ) 3 3 2 2 started from pH 8 to pH 10. When hydrothermally heated at 180 C for 2.5 h, Pb (CO ) (OH) hexagonal disks were obtained in about 5 m in diameter. 3 3 2 2 Pb (CO ) (OH) rings coexisted at pH 9 to pH 10, and PbO sheets over 10 m were 3 3 2 2 generated from pH 11 to pH 12. The ring shape was a new finding for the hydrocerussite products. The obtained submicron PbO, nanostructured PbO and Pb (CO ) (OH) samples were 3 3 2 2 applied in the lab-scale lead-acid batteries to evaluate the energy storage applications. In comparison, the as-received PbO sample discharged 66 mAh/g at a current of 50 mA/g. The submicron PbO sample showed an enhanced electrochemical property of ii 159 mAh/g at a current of 50 mA/g. The nanostructured PbO sample showed the highest discharge capacity 209 mAh/g at the same current rate. Moreover, the obtained Pb (CO ) (OH) sample revealed an unexpectedly stable discharge 3 3 2 2 performance, with a capacity up to 144 mAh/g. Overall, this study has demonstrated the success of forming lead oxide and hydroce
Book Synopsis Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Compounds in Waste Lead Battery Treatment by : 周恆瑞
Download or read book Synthesis and Characterization of Lead Compounds in Waste Lead Battery Treatment written by 周恆瑞 and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lead Chemistry written by Pipat Chooto and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead continues to amaze us in a variety of ways. The more we learn, the more we are amazed, or more like it, obsessed! Even though we might think that we know the element quite well, the fact is that more research must be conducted to support its subtle behaviors and effects. The most obvious aspect is the effects of lead on health. Because lead is still in use today, we have to understand the effects of lead on our metabolisms. In addition, more and more compounds of lead have been continuously synthesized and their properties and behaviors are required with the help from a variety of scientific disciplines. To provide information for newcomers, especially students or even the public, the overview of lead effects has been included in this book. Despite the variety of lead aspects the book might seem to contain, at least some topics should suit readers? interests. The rest, meaning the contents for new books, depends on how fast you can take the benefits out of this book!
Download or read book Lead written by José S. Casas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead covers the salient aspects of the chemistry of lead, its environmental impact, and its effects on health. The technical, economic and social importance of Lead, at the present time, is beyond all doubt. However, over the last few decades little attention has been given to its behaviour (the properties and applications of its compounds, the environmental distribution of these derivatives, and their impacts on living creatures), this book addresses that gap. It includes coverage of historical aspects, lead mining and production, metal properties, common lead compounds, uses of lead and its derivatives, coordination chemistry, organometallic chemistry, environmental chemistry, toxicity mechanisms, and treatment strategies for lead poisoning. Finally, describing analytical procedures for the determination of lead in chemical, biological and environmental samples. - Written by a team of university teachers and researchers with extensive experience in the fields of the chemistry, analytical determination and environmental and health impact of lead and other heavy metals - For readers interested in the chemistry and biochemistry of lead and its effects on ecosystems - Provides comprehensive knowledge about lead toxicity and preventive measures against lead poisoning
Book Synopsis Hypervalent Tin and Lead Compounds by : Richard Attila Varga
Download or read book Hypervalent Tin and Lead Compounds written by Richard Attila Varga and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2012 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The organometallic chemistry of tin and lead, particularly the investigation of the compounds with direct metal-carbon bond, is an attractive research field, the interest shown by the international scientific community on this topic being justified by the outstanding results obtained in a large variety of areas, both of fundamental (the nature of the metal-carbon bond, unusual organometallic species, ligands in the coordination chemistry of the transition metals, supramolecular associations, etc.) and applied interest (polymerization catalysts, specific reagents in organic synthesis, precursors for unconventional materials, biologically active compounds, etc.). The current work presents an overview of the research in the field of hypervalent tin and lead compounds until 2003 and the synthesis and characterization, both in solution and solid state, of some new hypervalent tin and lead compounds, with detailed description of intra- and intermolecular interactions and experimental work.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lists citations with abstracts for aerospace related reports obtained from world wide sources and announces documents that have recently been entered into the NASA Scientific and Technical Information Database.
Book Synopsis The Organic Compounds of Lead by : Hymin Shapiro
Download or read book The Organic Compounds of Lead written by Hymin Shapiro and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1968 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Lead-Acid Batteries for Future Automobiles by : Jürgen Garche
Download or read book Lead-Acid Batteries for Future Automobiles written by Jürgen Garche and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2017-02-21 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead-Acid Batteries for Future Automobiles provides an overview on the innovations that were recently introduced in automotive lead-acid batteries and other aspects of current research. Innovative concepts are presented, some of which aim to make lead-acid technology a candidate for higher levels of powertrain hybridization, namely 48-volt mild or high-volt full hybrids. Lead-acid batteries continue to dominate the market as storage devices for automotive starting and power supply systems, but are facing competition from alternative storage technologies and being challenged by new application requirements, particularly related to new electric vehicle functions and powertrain electrification. - Presents an overview of development trends for future automobiles and the demands that they place on the battery - Describes how to adapt LABs for use in micro and mild hybrid EVs via collector construction and materials, via carbon additives, via new cell construction (bipolar), and via LAB hybrids with Li-ion and supercap systems - System integration of LABs into vehicle power-supply and hybridization concepts - Short description of competitive battery technologies
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Engineering Index Annual written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 2264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since its creation in 1884, Engineering Index has covered virtually every major engineering innovation from around the world. It serves as the historical record of virtually every major engineering innovation of the 20th century. Recent content is a vital resource for current awareness, new production information, technological forecasting and competitive intelligence. The world?s most comprehensive interdisciplinary engineering database, Engineering Index contains over 10.7 million records. Each year, over 500,000 new abstracts are added from over 5,000 scholarly journals, trade magazines, and conference proceedings. Coverage spans over 175 engineering disciplines from over 80 countries. Updated weekly.
Book Synopsis Lead-Acid Batteries: Science and Technology by : D. Pavlov
Download or read book Lead-Acid Batteries: Science and Technology written by D. Pavlov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-05-31 with total page 657 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lead-Acid Batteries: Science and Technology presents a comprehensive overview of the theory of the technological processes of lead-acid battery manufacture and their influence on battery performance parameters. It summarizes the current knowledge about the technology of lead-acid battery production and presents it in the form of an integral theory. This theory is supported by ample illustrative material and experimental data, thus allowing technologists and engineers to control the technological processes in battery plants and providing university lecturers with a toll for clear and in-depth presentation of the technology of lead-acid battery production in their courses. The relationship between the technological processes and the performance characteristics of the batteries is disclosed too. - Disclosure of the structures of the lead and lead dioxide active masses, ensuring reversibility of the processes during charge and discharge and thus long cycle life of the battery - Proposal of optimum conditions for individual technological processes which would yield appropriate structures of the lead and lead dioxide active masses - Disclosure of the influence of H2SO4 concentration on battery performance parameters - Discussion of the processes involved in the closed oxygen cycle in VRLAB and the thermal phenomena leading to thermal runaway (TRA) - Elucidation of the relationship between technology of battery manufacture and battery capacity and cycle life performance
Book Synopsis Indexes by : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Indexes written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 1760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inventory of Federal Energy-related Environment and Safety Research for ... by :
Download or read book Inventory of Federal Energy-related Environment and Safety Research for ... written by and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Inventory of Federal Energy-related Environment and Safety Research for FY 1978: Project listings and indexes by :
Download or read book Inventory of Federal Energy-related Environment and Safety Research for FY 1978: Project listings and indexes written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry by : Society of Chemical Industry (Great Britain)
Download or read book Journal of the Society of Chemical Industry written by Society of Chemical Industry (Great Britain) and published by . This book was released on 1899 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes list of members, 1882-1902 and proceedings of the annual meetings and various supplements.
Book Synopsis Phycoremediation Processes in Industrial Wastewater Treatment by : Maulin P. Shah
Download or read book Phycoremediation Processes in Industrial Wastewater Treatment written by Maulin P. Shah and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-04-26 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing population and industrialization are the key pollutant contributors in water bodies. The wastes generated by industries are highly hazardous for humans and the ecosystem and require a comprehensive and effective treatment before being discharged into water bodies. Over the years, many up gradations have been introduced in traditional water treatment methods which were expensive and ineffective especially for removal of toxic pollutants. Phycoremediation has been gaining attention due to its mutual benefit in wastewater treatment and for valuable algae biomass production. Wastewater, especially sewage and industrial effluents, is rich in pathogenic organisms, organic and inorganic compounds and heavy metals that adversely affect human and aquatic life. Microalgae use these inorganic compounds and heavy metals for their growth. In addition, they also reduce pathogenic organisms and release oxygen to be used by bacteria for decomposition of organic compounds in a secondary treatment. In this book, the potential of microalgae in wastewater treatment, their benefits, strategies, and challenges are discussed. The increasing need of finding innovative, low-cost, low-energy, sustainable and eco-friendly solutions for wastewater treatment makes the publication of a book on phycoremediation timely and appropriate. Features: (1) Deals with the most emerging aspects of algal research with special reference to phycoremediation. (2) Studies in depth diversity, mutations, genomics and metagenomics study (3) An eco-physiology, culturing, microalgae for food and feed, biofuel production, harvesting of microalgae, separation and purification of biochemicals.
Download or read book The Chemical News written by and published by . This book was released on 1868 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
