Surface Treatments Of Nb By Buffered Electropolishing

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Surface Treatments of Nb by Buffered Electropolishing

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (946 download)

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Download or read book Surface Treatments of Nb by Buffered Electropolishing written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Buffered electropolishing (BEP) is a Nb surface treatment technique developed at Jefferson Lab1. Experimental results obtained from flat Nb samples show2-4 that BEP can produce a surface finish much smoother than that produced by the conventional electropolishing (EP), while Nb removal rate can be as high as 4.67 [mu]m/min. This new technique has been applied to the treatments of Nb SRF single cell cavity employing a vertical polishing system5 constructed at JLab as well as a horizontal polishing system at CEA Saclay. Preliminary results show that the accelerating gradient can reach 32 MV/m for a large grain cavity and 26.7 MV/m for a regular grain cavity. In this presentation, the latest progresses from the international collaboration between Peking University, CEA Saclay, and JLab on BEP will be summarized.

Highly Smooth Nb Surfaces Fabricated by Buffered Electropolishing

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (871 download)

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Book Synopsis Highly Smooth Nb Surfaces Fabricated by Buffered Electropolishing by :

Download or read book Highly Smooth Nb Surfaces Fabricated by Buffered Electropolishing written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is demonstrated that highly smooth Nb surfaces can be obtained through Buffered ElectroPolishing (BEP) employing an electrolyte consisting of lactic, sulfuric, and hydrofluoric acids. Parameters that control the polishing process are optimized to achieve the smoothest surface finish with the help of surface observations using a scanning electron microscope and a Metallographic Optical Microscope (MOM). The polishing rate of BEP is determined to be 0.646 [mu]m/min that is much higher than 0.381 [mu]m/min achieved by the conventional ElectroPolishing (EP) process widely used in the Superconducting Radio Frequency (SRF) community. A high precision and large scan area 3-D profilometer is used to view morphology of the treated Nb surfaces. Statistical data, such as, rms, total indicator runout, and arithmetic mean deviation of the Nb surfaces are extracted from the profilometer images. It is found that Nb surfaces treated by BEP are an order of magnitude smoother than those treated by the optimized EP process. The chemical composition of the Nb surfaces after BEP is analyzed by static and dynamic Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer (SIMS) systems. Cracking patterns of the Nb surfaces under different primary ion sources of Ga, Au, and Ar+ are reported. The depth profile of the surface niobium oxides is studied through continuously monitoring niobium and its relevant oxides' peaks as a function of time. Dynamic SIMS results imply that the surface oxide structure of Nb may be more complicated than what usually believed and can be inhomogeneous. Preliminary results of BEP on Nb SRF single cell cavities and half-cells are reported. It is shown that smooth and bright surfaces can be obtained in 30 minutes when the electric field inside a SRF cavity is uniform during a BEP process. This study reveals that BEP is a highly promising technique for surface treatment on Nb SRF cavities to be used in particle accelerators.

Advance in Vertical Buffered Electropolishing on Niobium for Particle Accelerators*

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Advance in Vertical Buffered Electropolishing on Niobium for Particle Accelerators* by :

Download or read book Advance in Vertical Buffered Electropolishing on Niobium for Particle Accelerators* written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Niobium (Nb) is the most popular material that has been employed for making superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities to be used in various particle accelerators over the last couple of decades. One of the most important steps in fabricating Nb SRF cavities is the final chemical removal of 150 [mu]m of Nb from the inner surfaces of the SRF cavities. This is usually done by either buffered chemical polishing (BCP) or electropolishing (EP). Recently a new Nb surface treatment technique called buffered electropolishing (BEP) has been developed at Jefferson Lab. It has been demonstrated that BEP can produce the smoothest surface finish on Nb ever reported in the literature while realizing a Nb removal rate as high as 10 [mu]m/min that is more than 25 and 5 times quicker than those of EP and BCP(112) respectively. In this contribution, recent advance in optimizing and understanding BEP treatment technique is reviewed. Latest results from RF measurements on BEP treated Nb single cell cavities by our unique vertical polishing system will be reported.

Buffered Electropolishing - A New Way for Achieving Extremely Smooth Surface Finish on Nb SRF Cavities to be Used in Particle Accelerators

Download Buffered Electropolishing - A New Way for Achieving Extremely Smooth Surface Finish on Nb SRF Cavities to be Used in Particle Accelerators PDF Online Free

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Buffered Electropolishing - A New Way for Achieving Extremely Smooth Surface Finish on Nb SRF Cavities to be Used in Particle Accelerators by :

Download or read book Buffered Electropolishing - A New Way for Achieving Extremely Smooth Surface Finish on Nb SRF Cavities to be Used in Particle Accelerators written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future accelerators require unprecedented cavity performance, which is strongly influenced by interior surface nano-smoothness. Electropolishing (EP) is the technique of choice to be developed for high-field superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and related techniques point to the electropolishing mechanism of Nb in a sulphuric and hydrofluoric acid electrolyte controlled by a compact surface salt film under F- diffusion-limited mass transport control. These and other findings are guiding a systematic characterization to form the basis for cavities process optimization.

Spectroscopic Studies of Surface Treatments for Nb SRF Cavities

Author : Tyagi Puneet Veer
Publisher : LAP Lambert Academic Publishing
ISBN 13 : 9783659818165
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (181 download)

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Book Synopsis Spectroscopic Studies of Surface Treatments for Nb SRF Cavities by : Tyagi Puneet Veer

Download or read book Spectroscopic Studies of Surface Treatments for Nb SRF Cavities written by Tyagi Puneet Veer and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-12-31 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities are being used worldwide in particle accelerators to achieve a high energy beam of charged particles. These cavities are made of high purity niobium (Nb) material and work at 2 K temperature. The inner surface of these cavities plays the most important role in order to obtain good performances in terms of the high field gradient. Therefore, the surface treatments associated with SRF cavities are the key issues toward the achievement of the high field gradient larger than 35 MV/m during vertical test of the nine-cell cavity for International Linear Collider (ILC). In the recent years, extensive research has been done to enhance the cavity performance by applying improved surface treatments such as mechanical grinding, buffered chemical polishing (BCP), electropolishing (EP), electrochemical buffing (ECB), mechanochemical polishing (MCP), tumbling, etc., followed by various post-treatment methods such as ultrasonic pure water rinse, alcoholic rinse, high pressure water rinse (HPR), hydrogen per oxide rinse and baking etc. to obtain smooth and contaminant free surface.

Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2011 Edition

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Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1464963649
Total Pages : 3888 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2011 Edition by :

Download or read book Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2011 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-01-09 with total page 3888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2011 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics. The editors have built Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2011 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2011 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Progress of Bep Treatments on Nb at JLAB.

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Progress of Bep Treatments on Nb at JLAB. by :

Download or read book Progress of Bep Treatments on Nb at JLAB. written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent experimental results have indicated that Buffered Electropolishing (BEP) is a promising candidate for the next generation of surface treatment technique for Nb superconducting radio frequency (SRF) cavities to be used in particle accelerators. In order to lay the foundation for using BEP as the next generation surface treatment technique for Nb SRF cavities, some fundamental aspects of BEP treatments for Nb have to be investigated. In this report, recent progress on BEP study at JLab is shown. Improvements on the existing vertical BEP are made to allow water cooling from outside of a Nb single cell cavity in addition to cooling provided by acid circulation so that the temperature of the cavity can be stable during processing. Some investigation on the electrolyte mixture was performed to check the aging effect of the electrolyte. It is shown that good polishing results can still be obtained on Nb at a current density of 171 mA/cm when the BEP electrolyte was at the stationary condition and was more than 1.5 years old.

Research and Development for Electropolishing of Nb for ILC Accelerator Cavities

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 7 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Research and Development for Electropolishing of Nb for ILC Accelerator Cavities by :

Download or read book Research and Development for Electropolishing of Nb for ILC Accelerator Cavities written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The objectives of this project are to 1, Expand the scientific and technological understanding of the effect of post-treatment (electropolish, buffered chemical polish, low-temperature baking) on the surface of niobium; 2, Relate the knowledge to the performance of niobium superconducting radiofrequency accelerator cavities; and, 3, Thereby design and demonstrate an electropolish process that can be applied to complete cavities.

Electrodissolution Processes

Author : Madhav Datta
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1000262200
Total Pages : 313 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Electrodissolution Processes by : Madhav Datta

Download or read book Electrodissolution Processes written by Madhav Datta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-12-09 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrodissolution Processes: Fundamentals and Applications discusses the basic principles involved in high-rate anodic dissolution processes and their application in advanced machining, micromachining, and finishing operations. The fundamentals section of the book discusses the anodic dissolution behavior of different classes of metals and the influence of mass transport, current distribution, and surface film properties on the metal removal rate and surface finishing. The applications section of the book presents essential elements of electrochemical and assisted techniques for precision machining, micromachining, and polishing of advanced materials, including hard-to-machine conducting ceramic materials. Features A first-of-its-kind book that provides updated scientific and engineering information related to high-rate anodic dissolution processes Highlights the importance of the understanding of basic principles required for designing and optimizing ECM/EMM/EP processes Gives equal emphasis to the fundamentals and applications of electrodissolution processes Discusses the high-rate anodic dissolution of two broad classes of materials, namely, engineering and refractory materials Presents case studies to demonstrate the capabilities of different electrochemical and assisted machining, micromachining, and finishing operations Presents a dedicated chapter on electrochemical planarization of copper interconnects Madhav Datta is the Chairman of Amrita Center for Industrial Research and Innovation and a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Amrita University, Coimbatore, India.

Buffered Electrochemical Polishing of Niobium

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (873 download)

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Book Synopsis Buffered Electrochemical Polishing of Niobium by :

Download or read book Buffered Electrochemical Polishing of Niobium written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The standard preparation of superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities made of pure niobium include the removal of a 'damaged' surface layer, by buffered chemical polishing (BCP) or electropolishing (EP), after the cavities are formed. The performance of the cavities is characterized by a sharp degradation of the quality factor when the surface magnetic field exceeds about 90 mT, a phenomenon referred to as 'Q-drop'. In cavities made of polycrystalline fine grain (ASTM 5) niobium, the Q-drop can be significantly reduced by a low-temperature (≈ 120 C) 'in-situ' baking of the cavity if the chemical treatment was EP rather than BCP. As part of the effort to understand this phenomenon, we investigated the effect of introducing a polarization potential during buffered chemical polishing, creating a process which is between the standard BCP and EP. While preliminary results on the application of this process to Nb cavities have been previously reported, in this contribution we focus on the characterization of this novel electrochemical process by measuring polarization curves, etching rates, surface finish, electrochemical impedance and the effects of temperature and electrolyte composition. In particular, it is shown that the anodic potential of Nb during BCP reduces the etching rate and improves the surface finish.

Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition

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Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1481645854
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (816 download)

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Book Synopsis Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition by :

Download or read book Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-01-10 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Nuclear Physics. The editors have built Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Nuclear Physics in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Nuclear, High Energy, Plasma, Particle, and Condensed Matter Physics: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Superconductivity and Cryogenics for Accelerators and Detectors

Author : Giovanna Vandoni
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 430 pages
Book Rating : 4.X/5 (4 download)

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Book Synopsis Superconductivity and Cryogenics for Accelerators and Detectors by : Giovanna Vandoni

Download or read book Superconductivity and Cryogenics for Accelerators and Detectors written by Giovanna Vandoni and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Transition Elements—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition

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Publisher : ScholarlyEditions
ISBN 13 : 1464990557
Total Pages : 2682 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Transition Elements—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition by :

Download or read book Transition Elements—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2012-12-26 with total page 2682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transition Elements—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ eBook that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Transition Elements. The editors have built Transition Elements—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Transition Elements in this eBook to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Transition Elements—Advances in Research and Application: 2012 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.

Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology

Author : Alexander W. Chao
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814449954
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology by : Alexander W. Chao

Download or read book Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology written by Alexander W. Chao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-01-28 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is dedicated to superconducting technology and its applications, including superconducting magnets (SC magnets) and superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities.

Materials Analysis of CED Nb Films Being Coated on Bulk Nb Single Cell SRF Cavities

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (16 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials Analysis of CED Nb Films Being Coated on Bulk Nb Single Cell SRF Cavities by :

Download or read book Materials Analysis of CED Nb Films Being Coated on Bulk Nb Single Cell SRF Cavities written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study is an on-going research on depositing a Nb film on the internal wall of bulk Nb single cell SRF cavities, via a cathodic arc Nb plasma ions source, an coaxial energetic condensation (CED) facility at AASC company. The motivation is to firstly create a homoepitaxy-like Nb/Nb film in a scale of a 1̃.5GHz RF single cell cavity. Next, through SRF measurement and materials analysis, it might reveal the baseline properties of the CED-type homoepitaxy Nb films. Literally, a top-surface layer of Nb films which sustains SRF function, always grows up in homo-epitaxy mode, on top of a Nb nucleation layer. Homo-epitaxy growth of Nb must be the final stage (a crystal thickening process) of any coatings of Nb film on alternative cavity structure materials. Such knowledge of Nb-Nb homo-epitaxy is useful to create future realistic SRF cavity film coatings, such as hetero-epitaxy Nb/Cu Films, or template-layer-mitigated Nb films. One large-grain, and three fine grain bulk Nb cavities were coated. They went through cryogenic RF measurement. Preliminary results show that the Q0 of a Nb film could be as same as the pre-coated bulk Nb surface (which received a chemically-buffered polishing plus a light electro-polishing); but quality factor of two tested cavities dropped quickly. We are investigating if the severe Q-slope is caused by hydrogen incorporation before deposition, or is determined by some structural defects during Nb film growth.

Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators

Author : Hasan Padamsee
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527414096
Total Pages : 405 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (274 download)

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Book Synopsis Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators by : Hasan Padamsee

Download or read book Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators written by Hasan Padamsee and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2023-05-15 with total page 405 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators Single source reference enabling readers to understand and master state-of-the-art accelerator technology Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators provides a quick yet thorough overview of the key technologies for current and future accelerators, including those projected to enable breakthrough developments in materials science, nuclear and astrophysics, high energy physics, neutrino research and quantum computing. The work is divided into three sections. The first part provides a review of RF superconductivity basics, the second covers new techniques such as nitrogen doping, nitrogen infusion, oxide-free niobium, new surface treatments, and magnetic flux expulsion, high field Q slope, complemented by discussions of the physics of the improvements stemming from diagnostic techniques and surface analysis as well as from theory. The third part reviews the on-going applications of RF superconductivity in already operational facilities and those under construction such as light sources, proton accelerators, neutron and neutrino sources, ion accelerators, and crab cavity facilities. The third part discusses planned accelerator projects such as the International Linear Collider, the Future Circular Collider, the Chinese Electron Positron Collider, and the Proton Improvement Plan-III facility at Fermilab as well as exciting new developments in quantum computing using superconducting niobium cavities. Written by the leading expert in the field of radiofrequency superconductivity, Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators covers other sample topics such as: Fabrication and processing on Nb-based SRF structures, covering cavity fabrication, preparation, and a decade of progress in the field SRF physics, covering zero DC resistance, the Meissner effect, surface resistance and surface impedance in RF fields, and non-local response of supercurrent N-doping and residual resistance, covering trapped DC flux losses, hydride losses, and tunneling measurements Theories for anti-Q-slope, covering the Xiao theory, the Gurevich theory, non-equilibrium superconductivity, and two fluid model based on weak defects Superconducting Radiofrequency Technology for Accelerators is an essential reference for high energy physicists, power engineers, and electrical engineers who want to understand the latest developments of accelerator technology and be able to harness it to further research interest and practical applications.

Reviews Of Accelerator Science And Technology - Volume 5: Applications Of Superconducting Technology To Accelerators

Author : Alexander Wu Chao
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814449962
Total Pages : 369 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (144 download)

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Book Synopsis Reviews Of Accelerator Science And Technology - Volume 5: Applications Of Superconducting Technology To Accelerators by : Alexander Wu Chao

Download or read book Reviews Of Accelerator Science And Technology - Volume 5: Applications Of Superconducting Technology To Accelerators written by Alexander Wu Chao and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2013-01-28 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past several decades major advances in accelerators have resulted from breakthroughs in accelerator science and accelerator technology. After the introduction of a new accelerator physics concept or the implementation of a new technology, a leap in accelerator performance followed. A well-known representation of these advances is the Livingston chart, which shows an exponential growth of accelerator performance over the last seven or eight decades. One of the breakthrough accelerator technologies that support this exponential growth is superconducting technology. Recognizing this major technological advance, we dedicate Volume 5 of Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology (RAST) to superconducting technology and its applications.Two major applications are superconducting magnets (SC magnets) and superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) cavities. SC magnets provide much higher magnetic field than their room-temperature counterparts, thus allowing accelerators to reach higher energies with comparable size as well as much reduced power consumption. SRF technology allows field energy storage for continuous wave applications and energy recovery, in addition to the advantage of tremendous power savings and better particle beam quality. In this volume, we describe both technologies and their applications. We also include discussion of the associated R&D in superconducting materials and the future prospects for these technologies.