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Summary Of Urban Air Toxics Risk Assessment Screening Studies To Support The Urban Area Source Program
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Book Synopsis Summary of Urban Air Toxics Risk Assessment Screening Studies to Support the Urban Area Source Program by : United States. Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Summary of Urban Air Toxics Risk Assessment Screening Studies to Support the Urban Area Source Program written by United States. Environmental Protection Agency and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Assessing Multiple Pollutant Multiple Source Cancer Risks from Urban Air Toxic Summary of Approaches and Insights from Completed and Ongoing Urban Air Toxics Assessment Studies by : United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Download or read book Assessing Multiple Pollutant Multiple Source Cancer Risks from Urban Air Toxic Summary of Approaches and Insights from Completed and Ongoing Urban Air Toxics Assessment Studies written by United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and published by . This book was released on 2018-08-20 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Assessing Multiple Pollutant Multiple Source Cancer Risks From Urban Air Toxic Summary of Approaches and Insights from Completed and Ongoing Urban Air Toxics Assessment Studies
Book Synopsis Assessing Multiple Pollutant Multiple Source Cancer Risks from Urban Air Toxics by :
Download or read book Assessing Multiple Pollutant Multiple Source Cancer Risks from Urban Air Toxics written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 221 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Risk Assessment of Urban Air written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis National air toxics program the integrated urban strategy, report to Congress by :
Download or read book National air toxics program the integrated urban strategy, report to Congress written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2000 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Air Toxics Risk Assessment Reference Library by : U. S. Environmental Agency
Download or read book Air Toxics Risk Assessment Reference Library written by U. S. Environmental Agency and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical resource document describes several methods for preparing a site-specific risk assessment for a source (i.e., a single emission point within one facility), a group of sources (i.e., multiple emission points within one facility), or a group of similar facilities (e.g., within the same source category) that emit(s) toxic air pollutants. Air toxics may be emitted from power plants, factories, cars and trucks, and common household products. Sources that stay in one place are referred to as stationary sources. Vehicles and other moving sources of air pollutants are called mobile sources. This technical resource document is intended for assessing risks associated with stationary sources of air toxics. While its primary focus is on Hazardous Air Pollutants (HAPs), this resource document can be applied to all air pollutants (with the exception of criteria air pollutants, which are assessed using different tools and methods). This technical resource document is the second of a three-volume set. Volume 1: Technical Resource Manual discusses the overall air toxics risk assessment process and the basic technical tools needed to perform these analyses. The manual addresses both human health and ecological analyses. It also provides a basic overview of the process of managing and communicating risk assessment results. Other evaluations (such as the public health assessment process) are described to give assessors, risk managers, and other stakeholders a more holistic understanding of the many issues that may come into play when evaluating the potential impact of air toxics on human health and the environment. Readers with a limited understanding of risk assessment are encouraged to consult Volume 1. Volume 2: Facility-Specific Assessment (this volume) builds on the technical tools described in Volume 1 by providing an example set of tools and procedures that can be used for source-specific or facility-specific risk assessments. Information is also provided on tiered approaches to source- or facility-specific risk analysis. Volume 3: Community-Level Assessment builds on the information presented in Volume 1 to describe to communities how they can evaluate and reduce air toxics risks at the local level. The volume will include information on screening level and more detailed analytical approaches, how to balance the need for assessment versus the need for action, and how to identify and prioritize risk reduction options and measure success. Since community concerns and issues are often not related solely to air toxics, the document will also present readily available information on additional multimedia risk factors that may affect communities and strategies to reduce those risks. The document will provide additional, focused information on stakeholder involvement, communicating information in a community-based setting, and resources and methodologies that may play a role in the overall process. Note that EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics has also developed a Community Air Screening How To Manual that will be available in 2004 and will be discussed in Volume 3.
Book Synopsis National Air Toxics Program by : Environmental Protection Agency (US)
Download or read book National Air Toxics Program written by Environmental Protection Agency (US) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-08-08 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAA) required the EPA to take specific actions to reduce emissions and risks from air toxics. Air toxics (also known as hazardous air pollutants or HAPs) are pollutants known to cause or suspected of causing cancer as well as respiratory, neurological, reproductive and other serious health effects. Air toxics are emitted by mobile sources (e.g., cars, trucks and construction equipment); large or major sources (e.g., factories and power plants); smaller, or area, sources (e.g., gas stations and dry cleaners); and background sources (e.g., longrange transport of pollution and natural emissions sources such as wildfires). Examples of air toxics include benzene, found in gasoline; perchloroethylene, emitted from some dry cleaning facilities; and methylene chloride, used as a solvent by several industries. Congress expressed under CAA section 112(k) that emissions of air toxics, individually or in the aggregate, may present significant risks to public health in urban areas and directed the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop a strategy to reduce these risks. Considering the large number of persons exposed and the risks of carcinogenic and other adverse health impacts from HAPs, the EPA believed that to reduce public health risks in urban areas, aggregated exposures from all sources had to be addressed. Therefore, it developed the Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy in 1999, using all available authorities, for reducing cumulative public health risks in urban areas posed by the aggregated exposures from all sources, including major stationary sources, smaller area stationary sources and mobile sources. The EPA also recognized that national regulations alone would not be enough to address all of the issues, particularly those affecting urban areas.
Author :United States Environmental Protection Agency Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781507552643 Total Pages :486 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (526 download)
Book Synopsis Air Toxics Risk Assessment Reference Library by : United States Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Air Toxics Risk Assessment Reference Library written by United States Environmental Protection Agency and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This resource document is the third in the Air Toxics Risk Assessment (ATRA) Library series. It presents an overview of the overall process and tools for evaluating cumulative risk from multiple air toxics emitted from sources at the community level and developing and implementing risk reduction activities to bring about meaningful environmental change. Volume 1: Technical Resource Manual discusses the overall air toxics risk assessment process and the basic technical tools needed to perform these analyses. The manual addresses both human health and ecological analyses. It also provides a basic overview of the process of managing and communicating risk assessment results. Other evaluations (such as the public health assessment process) are described to give assessors, risk managers, and other stakeholders a more holistic understanding of the many issues that may come into play when evaluating the potential impact of air toxics on human health and the environment. Readers with a limited understanding of risk assessment are encouraged to consult Volume 1. Volume 2: Facility-Specific Assessment (this volume) builds on the technical tools described in Volume 1 by providing an example set of tools and procedures that can be used for source-specific or facility-specific risk assessments. Information is also provided on tiered approaches to source- or facility-specific risk analysis. Volume 3: Community-Level Assessment builds on the information presented in Volume 1 to describe to communities how they can evaluate and reduce air toxics risks at the local level. The volume will include information on screening level and more detailed analytical approaches, how to balance the need for assessment versus the need for action, and how to identify and prioritize risk reduction options and measure success. Since community concerns and issues are often not related solely to air toxics, the document will also present readily available information on additional multimedia risk factors that may affect communities and strategies to reduce those risks. The document will provide additional, focused information on stakeholder involvement, communicating information in a community-based setting, and resources and methodologies that may play a role in the overall process. Note that EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics has also developed a Community Air Screening How To Manual that will be available in 2004 and will be discussed in Volume 3.
Book Synopsis A Screening Analysis of Ambient Monitoring Data Sets in Support of the Urban Area Source Program by :
Download or read book A Screening Analysis of Ambient Monitoring Data Sets in Support of the Urban Area Source Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies Publisher : ISBN 13 : Total Pages :1328 pages Book Rating :4.:/5 ( download)
Book Synopsis Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 1997: Environmental Protection Agency by : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies
Download or read book Departments of Veterans Affairs and Housing and Urban Development, and Independent Agencies Appropriations for 1997: Environmental Protection Agency written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Appropriations. Subcommittee on VA, HUD, and Independent Agencies and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 1328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :United States Environmental Protection Agency Publisher :CreateSpace ISBN 13 :9781507553121 Total Pages :718 pages Book Rating :4.5/5 (531 download)
Book Synopsis Air Toxics Risk Assessment Reference Library by : United States Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Air Toxics Risk Assessment Reference Library written by United States Environmental Protection Agency and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2015-01-14 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Main) This resource document is the first in the Air Toxics Risk Assessment (ATRA) Library series. It presents an overview of the overall process and tools for evaluating cumulative risk from multiple air toxics emitted from sources at the community level and developing and implementing risk reduction activities to bring about meaningful environmental change. Volume 1: Technical Resource Manual discusses the overall air toxics risk assessment process and the basic technical tools needed to perform these analyses. The manual addresses both human health and ecological analyses. It also provides a basic overview of the process of managing and communicating risk assessment results. Other evaluations (such as the public health assessment process) are described to give assessors, risk managers, and other stakeholders a more holistic understanding of the many issues that may come into play when evaluating the potential impact of air toxics on human health and the environment. Readers with a limited understanding of risk assessment are encouraged to consult Volume 1. Volume 2: Facility-Specific Assessment (this volume) builds on the technical tools described in Volume 1 by providing an example set of tools and procedures that can be used for source-specific or facility-specific risk assessments. Information is also provided on tiered approaches to source- or facility-specific risk analysis. Volume 3: Community-Level Assessment builds on the information presented in Volume 1 to describe to communities how they can evaluate and reduce air toxics risks at the local level. The volume will include information on screening level and more detailed analytical approaches, how to balance the need for assessment versus the need for action, and how to identify and prioritize risk reduction options and measure success. Since community concerns and issues are often not related solely to air toxics, the document will also present readily available information on additional multimedia risk factors that may affect communities and strategies to reduce those risks. The document will provide additional, focused information on stakeholder involvement, communicating information in a community-based setting, and resources and methodologies that may play a role in the overall process. Note that EPA's Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics has also developed a Community Air Screening How To Manual that will be available in 2004 and will be discussed in Volume 3.
Book Synopsis Health Risk Assessment Posed by the Mobile Source Air Toxics on an Urban to Regional Area by :
Download or read book Health Risk Assessment Posed by the Mobile Source Air Toxics on an Urban to Regional Area written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Air toxics are important health concern. The purpose of this research was to develop a protocol to predict exposure concentrations of air toxics and inhalation cancer and non-cancer risk that come from different gasoline and diesel-fueled sources. The protocol was developed by linking the U.S. EPA's Models-3/CMAQ model as the exposure model and toxicological and epidemiological evidence functions. The NEI version 3 for the year 1999 was used in this analysis for point, area, and non-road sources, whereas NMIM was used to create the on-road emissions. The year 2003 was used for meteorological data and as reference to compare the monitored concentrations to model performance. The modeling domain consisted of a 36 km domain. To demonstrate the system's effectiveness, this study was performed on priority mobile sources air toxics (1, 3- butadiene, benzene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acrolein, and DPM), and was applied to Nashville, Tennessee using available air toxics monitored data. Ten emissions scenarios were selected in this study to compare the main results. This research on air toxics emission scenarios was based on relative analyses and estimates of absolute exposure concentrations and health risk values. The proposed protocol was demonstrated and can be used for decision makers in the quantitative assessment of new policies that will affect the public health and the air quality by air toxics. Eliminating emission source categories is clearly not a policy option, but rather helps gain a better understanding of the total magnitude of the health effects associated with these major sources of air toxics, principally of DPM. Higher formaldehyde and acetaldehyde exposure concentrations occurred in the summer season, while benzene and 1,3-butadiene occurred in winter. DPM did not show a strong seasonality exposure during the year 2003 in Nashville. DPM generated the higher lifetime cancer risk excess among the other air toxics in Nashville, posing a cancer risk that was 4.2 times higher than the combined total cancer risk from all other air toxics. Those high cancer risk levels were due mainly to non-road sources (57.9%). For the on-road diesel fueled sources (DFS), the principal reductions were due to the DPM contributions generated by HDDVs rather than LDDVs. An evident positive synergism in the cancer risk reduction occurred when reducing diesel on-road and non-road source emissions simultaneously. The main cancer risk reductions from acetaldehyde, benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and formaldehyde (4HAPs) were due to the contribution of biogenic sources with 32.2%. This condition was followed for the scenario that did not consider on-road sources with a 27.5% of reduction. For non-road sources, the main reductions were due to the air toxics contributions generated by gasoline LDVs, principally benzene and 1,3-butadiene. The scenario 2020 showed a DPM and 4HAPs health effect reductions of approximately 32.8 and 19.4 %, respectively in Nashville. Higher cancer and non-cancer risks occurred on Southeastern urban areas due to long-term exposure to DPM, principally in Atlanta, GA, followed by Nashville, TN, Birmingham, AL, Raleigh, NC, and Memphis, TN. This research provided strong evidence that reducing ambient DPM concentrations will lead to improvement in human health more than other air toxics in Nashville, indicating that better technologies and regulations must be applied to mobile diesel engines, principally, over non-road diesel sources.
Book Synopsis The Role of Health Research in Support of EPA's Regulatory Programs by :
Download or read book The Role of Health Research in Support of EPA's Regulatory Programs written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Directory of Information Resources Related to Health, Exposure, and Risk Assessment of Air Pollutants by :
Download or read book Directory of Information Resources Related to Health, Exposure, and Risk Assessment of Air Pollutants written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 2003 Urban Air Toxics Monitoring Program (UATMP) by : Eastern Research Group, Inc
Download or read book 2003 Urban Air Toxics Monitoring Program (UATMP) written by Eastern Research Group, Inc and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Key Activities in Epa's Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy Remain Unimplemented by : U.s Environmental Protection Agency
Download or read book Key Activities in Epa's Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy Remain Unimplemented written by U.s Environmental Protection Agency and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-06-02 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Section 112(k) of the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990 required the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to develop a strategy to reduce public health risks in urban areas from air toxics emissions, particularly from small stationary sources. EPA issued its Integrated Urban Air Toxics Strategy in 1999 to meet this requirement.
Book Synopsis Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by : National Research Council
Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.
