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Sulphate And Acid Attack On Concrete In The Ground
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Book Synopsis Sulphate and Acid Attack on Concrete in the Ground by : M. J. Bowley
Download or read book Sulphate and Acid Attack on Concrete in the Ground written by M. J. Bowley and published by Bre Press. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report takes into account progress in analytical methods and techniques and recommends detailed analytical procedures for accurate and repeatable determinations of sulphates in soil.
Book Synopsis Sulphate and Acid Resistance of Concrete in the Ground by :
Download or read book Sulphate and Acid Resistance of Concrete in the Ground written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Digest discusses the factors responsible for sulphate and acid attack on concrete below ground and recommends the type of cement and quality of concrete to provide resistance. Sites are classified on the basis of their sulphate concentration but recommendations also take into account water movement and acidity and their individual effects on various forms of cast-in-situ and precast constructions. This Digest replaces Digest 250 which is now withdrawn.
Book Synopsis Sulfate and Acid Resistance of Concrete in the Ground by :
Download or read book Sulfate and Acid Resistance of Concrete in the Ground written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This Digest discusses the factors responsible for sulfate and acid attack on concrete below ground and recommends the type of cement and quality of concrete to provide resistance. Sites are classified on the basis of their sulfate concentration but recommendations also take into account water movement and acidity and their individual effects on various forms of cast-in-situ and precast constructions.
Book Synopsis Sulfate Attack on Concrete by : J. Marchand
Download or read book Sulfate Attack on Concrete written by J. Marchand and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-10-11 with total page 230 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sulfate Attack on Concrete provides a comprehensive reference to this important subject. It covers: a short history of concrete deterioration due to sulfate attack, the origin of sulfates in concrete, the importance of appropriate concrete processing, forms and physical-chemical mechanisms of concrete deterioration due to sulfates, preventative mea
Book Synopsis Concrete in Aggressive Ground by : Building Research Establishment
Download or read book Concrete in Aggressive Ground written by Building Research Establishment and published by Bre Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This BRE Special Digest provides practical guidance on specifying concrete for use in natural ground and in brownfield locations. The procedures for ground assessment and concrete specification cover the fairly common occurrence of sulfates, sulfides and acids and also the more rarely occurring aggressive carbon dioxide found in some ground and surface waters, which affects concrete foundations and sub-structures. This edition has been revised to reflect thinking and changes to British Standards. It introduces the phenomenon of chemical attack of concrete in the ground, describes modes of chemical attack and discusses the mechanisms of the principal types, including sulfate and acid attack, and the action of aggressive carbon dioxide. It then gives guidance on assessing the chemical aggressiveness of the ground, and recommendations for specifying concrete for general cast-in-situ use in the ground. It also gives recommendations for specifying surface carbonated precast concrete for general use in the ground, and includes design guides for specification of specific precast concrete products, including pipeline systems, box culverts and segmental linings for tunnels and shafts. The guidance applies to both buildings and civil engineering construction.
Book Synopsis Sulfate Amage to Concrete Floors on Sulfate-Bearing Hardcore by : Building Research Establishment
Download or read book Sulfate Amage to Concrete Floors on Sulfate-Bearing Hardcore written by Building Research Establishment and published by Riba Publishing. This book was released on 2008-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers guidance on the damage to houses and other dwellings caused by sulphate attack to floor slabs resulting from use of sulphate-bearing hardcore. This document highlights several options for procedures for investigation, assessment and remedial measures. This document, prepared by the Building Research Establishment (BRE), provides authoritative guidance on the damage to houses and other dwellings caused by sulphate attack to floor slabs resulting from past use of sulphate-bearing hardcore. Written for local authorities, professionals and homeowners, this document highlights several options for procedures for investigation, assessment and remedial measures.
Book Synopsis External Sulphate Attack – Field Aspects and Lab Tests by : Esperanza Menéndez
Download or read book External Sulphate Attack – Field Aspects and Lab Tests written by Esperanza Menéndez and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gathers contributions from the final workshop of the RILEM TC-251-SRT "Sulfate Resistance Testing" on External Sulfate Attack (TESA 2018), held on May 24-25, 2018 at IETcc-CSIC, Madrid, Spain. One of the Technical Committee’s main events, it addressed various aspects of external sulfate attack in concrete structures and test methods. The workshop promoted technical discussions and debates on ideas on these topics, with a focus on evaluating the resistance of concrete exposed to ESA. It also provided a forum for participants from around the globe to share their experiences and research on concrete structures affected by external sulfate attack and on test methods. The book discusses the latest advances in research related to ESA and new developments in test methods, and features real-world case studies of concrete structures affected by external sulfate attack in various countries. It also presents new studies linking field cases and lab tests, including 12 contributions on 3 main themes: mechanisms of alteration in external sulfate attack; field aspects of external sulfate attack; and testing to evaluate the resistance of concrete to external sulfate attack.
Book Synopsis Behavior of Concrete Under Sulphate, Chloride, and Acid Attack by : E. Hecker
Download or read book Behavior of Concrete Under Sulphate, Chloride, and Acid Attack written by E. Hecker and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Performance of Cement-Based Materials in Aggressive Aqueous Environments by : Mark Alexander
Download or read book Performance of Cement-Based Materials in Aggressive Aqueous Environments written by Mark Alexander and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concrete and cement-based materials must operate in increasingly aggressive aqueous environments, which may be either natural or industrial. These materials may suffer degradation in which ion addition and/or ion exchange reactions occur, leading to a breakdown of the matrix microstructure and consequent weakening. Sometimes this degradation can be extremely rapid and serious such as in acidic environments, while in other cases degradation occurs over long periods. Consequences of material failure are usually severe – adversely affecting the health and well-being of human communities and disturbing ecological balances. There are also large direct costs of maintaining and replacing deteriorated infrastructure and indirect costs from loss of production during maintenance work, which place a great burden on society. The focus of this book is on addressing issues concerning performance of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments , by way of this State-of-the-Art Report. The book represents the work of many well-known and respected authors who contributed chapters or parts of chapters. Four main themes were addressed: I. Nature and kinetics of degradation and deterioration mechanisms of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments, II. Modelling of deterioration in such environments, III. Test methods to assess performance of cement-based materials in such environments, and which can be used to characterise and rate relative performance and inform long term predictions, IV. Engineering implications and consequences of deterioration in aggressive aqueous environments, and engineering approaches to the problem.
Book Synopsis Fundamentals of Durable Reinforced Concrete by : Mark G. Richardson
Download or read book Fundamentals of Durable Reinforced Concrete written by Mark G. Richardson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-09-02 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Durability failures in reinforced concrete structures are wasteful of resources and energy. The introduction to practice of European Standard EN 206-1 represents a significant shift in emphasis on the need to explicitly consider each potential durability threat when specifying and producing concrete. Fundamentals of Durable Reinforced Concrete presents the fundamental aspects of concrete durability including reinforcement corrosion, carbonation, chloride ingress, alkali-aggregate reaction, freeze/thaw damage, sulphate attack, chemical attack, cracking, abrasion and weathering. The background to the durability exposure classes in EN 206-1 is also explained. Future directions in performance-based specifications and mathematical modelling of degradation are presented. This book will be of particular interest to specifiers applying the principles of the new European Standard EN 206-1 for the first time, to postgraduate researchers in mathematical modelling of degradation mechanisms, to undergraduates of engineering, architecture and building technology, and students of advanced concrete technology who require a concise source of reference on concrete durability.
Book Synopsis Ground Chemistry: Implications for Construction by : A.B. Hawkins
Download or read book Ground Chemistry: Implications for Construction written by A.B. Hawkins and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1970s and 1980s, there has been an increasing awareness of the importance of ground chemistry in construction. Bringing together representatives of the various disciplines involved in ground chemistry, the proceedings of this conference present case histories and research topics.
Book Synopsis Concrete and Its Chemical Behaviour by : Margi S. Eglinton
Download or read book Concrete and Its Chemical Behaviour written by Margi S. Eglinton and published by Thomas Telford. This book was released on 1987 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Very Good,No Highlights or Markup,all pages are intact.
Book Synopsis Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete by : Peter Hewlett
Download or read book Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete written by Peter Hewlett and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-11-12 with total page 1087 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lea's Chemistry of Cement and Concrete deals with the chemical and physical properties of cements and concretes and their relation to the practical problems that arise in manufacture and use. As such it is addressed not only to the chemist and those concerned with the science and technology of silicate materials, but also to those interested in the use of concrete in building and civil engineering construction. Much attention is given to the suitability of materials, to the conditions under which concrete can excel and those where it may deteriorate and to the precautionary or remedial measures that can be adopted. First published in 1935, this is the fourth edition and the first to appear since the death of Sir Frederick Lea, the original author. Over the life of the first three editions, this book has become the authority on its subject. The fourth edition is edited by Professor Peter C. Hewlett, Director of the British Board of Agrement and visiting Industrial Professor in the Department of Civil Engineering at the University of Dundee. Professor Hewlett has brought together a distinguished body of international contributors to produce an edition which is a worthy successor to the previous editions.
Book Synopsis Failure, Distress and Repair of Concrete Structures by : Norb Delatte
Download or read book Failure, Distress and Repair of Concrete Structures written by Norb Delatte and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2009-10-26 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and recognising failure mechanisms in concrete is a fundamental pre-requisite to determining the type of repair, or whether a repair is feasible. This title provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage, as well as looking at the problem of defects in concrete. It also discusses condition assessment and repair techniques.Part one discusses failure mechanisms in concrete and covers topics such as causes and mechanisms of deterioration in reinforced concrete, types of damage in concrete structures, types and causes of cracking and condition assessment of concrete structures. Part two reviews the repair of concrete structures with coverage of themes such as standards and guidelines for repairing concrete structures, methods of crack repair, repair materials, bonded concrete overlays, repairing and retrofitting concrete structures with fiber-reinforced polymers, patching deteriorated concrete structures and durability of repaired concrete.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Failure and repair of concrete structures is a standard reference for civil engineers, architects and anyone working in the construction sector, as well as those concerned with ensuring the safety of concrete structures. - Provides a review of concrete deterioration and damage - Discusses condition assessment and repair techniques, standards and guidelines
Book Synopsis Assessing the Risk of Sulphate Attack on Concrete in the Ground by : W. H. Harrison
Download or read book Assessing the Risk of Sulphate Attack on Concrete in the Ground written by W. H. Harrison and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BRE recently published a 15-year interim report on a long-term field and laboratory study of the sulphate resistance of concrete. It has also revised its Digest on recommendations for the use of concrete in sulphate soils and groundwaters. This Information Paper links the data given in the report and the Digest, and explains how recent results from various research programmes have been built into the revised tables of recommendations. It will be of interest to specifiers, consultants and all concerned with concrete technology.
Book Synopsis Corrosion of Steel in Concrete by : Luca Bertolini
Download or read book Corrosion of Steel in Concrete written by Luca Bertolini and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-02-23 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference work will focus on the corrosion of steel in concrete, the main cause of deterioration of reinforced concrete structures. A survey on well-established mechanisms and concepts is given, but the main emphasis lies on new methods and materials for preventive measures, condition assessment and repair.
Book Synopsis Acid Attack of Concrete Caused by Sulfur Bacteria Action, Piedmont and Clendening Lakes Outlet Tunnels, Muskingum Watershed, Ohio by : Henry T Thornton (Jr)
Download or read book Acid Attack of Concrete Caused by Sulfur Bacteria Action, Piedmont and Clendening Lakes Outlet Tunnels, Muskingum Watershed, Ohio written by Henry T Thornton (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This investigation was conducted to determine the cause of extensive deterioration of concrete above the flow line in the outlet tunnels of two lakes, and to provide guidance in the development of remedial repair schemes if necessary. The cement paste was being reduced to a 'mush' consistency to depths up to 1-1/4 in. Anaerobic bacterial action was indicated by preliminary tests. Physical tests showed the original concrete to be of good quality and that some form of acid attack was in progress. Chemical tests revealed that the water contained high concentrations of sulfates and sulfides. Bacteriological tests confirmed that sulfate-reducing bacteria were present. Data furnished by Huntington District reveal that thermal stratification occurs during the summer causing almost complete depletion of dissolved oxygen at depths greater than 20 ft in both lakes providing an environment where sulfate-reducing bacteria are able to reduce the sulfates present in the water, producing hydrogen sulfide as a waste product. Conditions in the outlet tunnels meet the criteria for the deposition and proliferation of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria which produce sulfuric acid from the hydrogen sulfide. It is concluded that the deterioration is due to acid attack and is the final stage of a corrosive process caused by sulfur bacteria action. Attack by acid water is not indicated, since all the deterioration occurs above the line of normal flow.
