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Study Of Possible Solar Heating Effects On Thermosonde Probes
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Book Synopsis Study of Possible Solar Heating Effects on Thermosonde Probes by : James H. Brown
Download or read book Study of Possible Solar Heating Effects on Thermosonde Probes written by James H. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermosonde data reveals a diurnal daytime shift in measured levels of C square (n) in the free atmosphere. The shift is manifested in two ways. First, an apparent offset in the smallest measured values of C square (n) exists. Secondly, the curve of the average profile shows an enhancement over nighttime profiles. Related optical and radar measurements have indicated that differences between day and night probably exist, but because of limited instrumental resolution and altitude capabilities those results are inconclusive. Several hypotheses have been put forward in this paper concerning possible instrumental or solar based sources of data contamination. We have examined the possibility that solar radiation causes probe heating with subsequent instrumental effects. Calculation, computer simulation, and direct measurements have shown that the sun heats the body of the probe sensor a couple of degrees above the ambient and that the level of heating depends upon the solar aspect angle and magnitude and direction of air flow over the probe. A small but insignificant AC type effect can result from improper probe geometry or probe mismatch together with a coupling of solar heating with velocity turbulence. Transient and DC type effects can occur, but measured, processed, and transmitted root mean square C square (n) information is not likely to contain instrumental contamination.
Book Synopsis Study of Possible Solar Heating Effects on Thermosonde Probes by :
Download or read book Study of Possible Solar Heating Effects on Thermosonde Probes written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermosonde data reveals a diurnal daytime shift in measured levels of C square (n) in the free atmosphere. The shift is manifested in two ways. First, an apparent offset in the smallest measured values of C square (n) exists. Secondly, the curve of the average profile shows an enhancement over nighttime profiles. Related optical and radar measurements have indicated that differences between day and night probably exist, but because of limited instrumental resolution and altitude capabilities those results are inconclusive. Several hypotheses have been put forward in this paper concerning possible instrumental or solar based sources of data contamination. We have examined the possibility that solar radiation causes probe heating with subsequent instrumental effects. Calculation, computer simulation, and direct measurements have shown that the sun heats the body of the probe sensor a couple of degrees above the ambient and that the level of heating depends upon the solar aspect angle and magnitude and direction of air flow over the probe. A small but insignificant AC type effect can result from improper probe geometry or probe mismatch together with a coupling of solar heating with velocity turbulence. Transient and DC type effects can occur, but measured, processed, and transmitted root mean square C square (n) information is not likely to contain instrumental contamination.
Book Synopsis Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports by :
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 852 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Environmental Research Papers written by and published by . This book was released on with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis An Investigation of the Causes of Optical and Infrared Airglow Structures in the Mesosphere by : Edmond M. Dewan
Download or read book An Investigation of the Causes of Optical and Infrared Airglow Structures in the Mesosphere written by Edmond M. Dewan and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Model for C2n (optical Turbulence) Profiles Using Radiosonde Data by : Edmond M. Dewan
Download or read book A Model for C2n (optical Turbulence) Profiles Using Radiosonde Data written by Edmond M. Dewan and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solar Heating Effects on Balloon-Borne Microthermal Probes for the Airborne Laser Program by : Daniel J. Richardson
Download or read book Solar Heating Effects on Balloon-Borne Microthermal Probes for the Airborne Laser Program written by Daniel J. Richardson and published by . This book was released on 1997-06-01 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atmospheric optical turbulence induces phase fluctuations in a propagating electromagnetic wave. The resulting degradation in coherence limits the capability of any laser, target acquisition, or surveillance system. Past data collection methods for the parameterization of atmospheric turbulence profiles, in support of critical Theater Ballistic Missile Defense (TBM) systems, from ground level to 30 km, have depended on meteorological balloon- thermosonde systems, probes carried on the U.S. Air Force Argus aircraft, as well as radar and optical measurements. The balloon and aircraft systems measure temperature fluctuations and compute the temperature structure function, CT2 and the related index of refraction structure parameter, Cn2. It has recently become critical to explain why turbulence profiles from daytime thermosonde data consistently show a two order of magnitude increase over that taken during the night, primarily between 12-20 km. This thesis analyzed the TSI 3.8 micron platinum coated tungsten thermosonde probe used by the USAF Research Laboratory (AFRL) to quantity the magnitude of the solar heating and to investigate other heat transfer mechanisms in the probe. A model of the thin wire probe was developed to identity each of the contributions to the temperature error and its significance. Experimental measurements where collected to verify most aspects of the final model. We found that the sun induces a temperature rise in the TSI 3.8 micron fine wire probe, during the day, that can vary from near zero to 0. 175 K. It is strongly dependent on probe orientation with respect to the sun and on variations in the air flow over the probe. This then causes an apparent increase by two orders of magnitude in the daytime measurements of the optical turbulence parameters CT2 and Cn2.
Book Synopsis Government reports annual index by :
Download or read book Government reports annual index written by and published by . This book was released on 199? with total page 1112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A Study of Radar Aspect Sensitivity in the Lower Atmosphere by : Charlie Yann-Ting Chen
Download or read book A Study of Radar Aspect Sensitivity in the Lower Atmosphere written by Charlie Yann-Ting Chen and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Government Reports Announcements & Index by :
Download or read book Government Reports Announcements & Index written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-07 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Thermosonde and UHF Radar Measurements of C2n at Westford, Massachusetts -- July 1981 by : James H. Brown
Download or read book Thermosonde and UHF Radar Measurements of C2n at Westford, Massachusetts -- July 1981 written by James H. Brown and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Five different instruments were used in coordinated multiple experiments to measure atmospheric turbulence. C sub n squared, the optical refractive structure constant, was measured by thermosondes, UHF radar, stellar scintillometer, and aircraft mounted micro-thermal probes. Presented here are the results of 19 rawinsode flights. Also comparisons of eight thermosonde/radar profiles, one radar, scintillometer, thermosonode profile, and several aircraft profiles are presented. For the scales discussed here, good agreement is shown between radar, thermosonode, and scintillometer data. Worse agreement is obtained from aircraft measurements. A diurnal shift in the C2 profile is noted but no tropopause enhancement is found.
Book Synopsis Deep Space Optical Communications by : Hamid Hemmati
Download or read book Deep Space Optical Communications written by Hamid Hemmati and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-06-05 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A quarter century of research into deep space and near Earth optical communications This book captures a quarter century of research and development in deep space optical communications from the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL). Additionally, it presents findings from other optical communications research groups from around the world for a full perspective. Readers are brought up to date with the latest developments in optical communications technology, as well as the state of the art in component and subsystem technologies, fundamental limitations, and approaches to develop and fully exploit new technologies. The book explores the unique requirements and technologies for deep space optical communications, including: * Technology overview; link and system design drivers * Atmospheric transmission, propagation, and reception issues * Flight and ground terminal architecture and subsystems * Future prospects and applications, including navigational tracking and light science This is the first book to specifically address deep space optical communications. With an increasing demand for data from planetary spacecraft and other sources, it is essential reading for all optical communications, telecommunications, and system engineers, as well as technical managers in the aerospace industry. It is also recommended for graduate students interested in deep space communications.
Book Synopsis Nonlinear Optical Beam Manipulation and High Energy Beam Propagation Through the Atmosphere by : Robert A. Fisher
Download or read book Nonlinear Optical Beam Manipulation and High Energy Beam Propagation Through the Atmosphere written by Robert A. Fisher and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climatological Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts by :
Download or read book Meteorological and Geoastrophysical Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 800 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Phenological Research by : Irene L. Hudson
Download or read book Phenological Research written by Irene L. Hudson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-11-24 with total page 525 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As climate change continues to dominate the international environmental agenda, phenology – the study of the timing of recurring biological events – has received increasing research attention, leading to an emerging consensus that phenology can be viewed as an ‘early warning system’ for climate change impact. A multidisciplinary science involving many branches of ecology, geography and remote sensing, phenology to date has lacked a coherent methodological text. This new synthesis, including contributions from many of the world’s leading phenologists, therefore fills a critical gap in the current biological literature. Providing critiques of current methods, as well as detailing novel and emerging methodologies, the book, with its extensive suite of references, provides readers with an understanding of both the theoretical basis and the potential applications required to adopt and adapt new analytical and design methods. An invaluable source book for researchers and students in ecology and climate change science, the book also provides a useful reference for practitioners in a range of sectors, including human health, fisheries, forestry, agriculture and natural resource management.
