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Studies On The Epidemiology Of Potato Viruses In The Northeastern Usa And The Biology Of Potato Virus Y
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Book Synopsis Studies on the Epidemiology of Potato Viruses in the Northeastern USA and the Biology of Potato Virus Y. by : Phillip Mark Baldauf
Download or read book Studies on the Epidemiology of Potato Viruses in the Northeastern USA and the Biology of Potato Virus Y. written by Phillip Mark Baldauf and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 185 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potato viruses cause significant potato yield loss world wide. It is important to understand the nature of the potato virus populations present in a geographical region in order to develop appropriate control strategies. A wide-ranging survey of potato viruses in potatoes being grown in the northeastern USA had never been done. A survey of six potato viruses, Potato virus A (PVA), Potato virus M (PVM), Potato virus S (PVS), Potato virus X (PVX), Potato virus Y (PVY), and Potato leafroll virus (PLRV), was conducted in New York and Maine during 2002 and 2003. Leaf samples were tested by ELISA and PVY-positive samples were further tested to determine if a necrotic strain of PVY (PVYN, PVYN:O, or PVYNTN) was present. In both years, PVY and PVS were identified in a majority of the samples, and mixed infections predominated in 83% of the symptomatic leaves in 2002. Of the total 394 PVY-positive samples, three reacted with monoclonal antibody (MAb) 1F5 and caused veinal necrosis (VN) in tobacco. Two of these isolates caused tuber necrosis in the potato cv. Yukon Gold. Three PVY isolates reacted with MAb 1F5 but did not cause VN in tobacco, and two caused VN but did not react with MAb 1F5. Two of the necrotic PVY isolates collected, along with a PVYO isolate, were used to conduct multi-year experiments to determine the impact of PVY strain, potato cultivar, and time of infection on marketable yield and tuber infection efficiency. It was found that final disease incidence in the field could not be used to predict tuber infection, as inoculated plants testing negative in the field produced infected tubers. PVY infection decreased marketable yield, but yield was dependent on the potato cultivar and inoculation time. PVY infected between 25 and 100% of the marketable tubers. Our results suggest that, compared with other isolates, necrotic strains of PVY might be less effectively removed in seed potato production systems and this may explain the emergence of necrotic strains.
Book Synopsis Potato virus Y: biodiversity, pathogenicity, epidemiology and management by : Christophe Lacomme
Download or read book Potato virus Y: biodiversity, pathogenicity, epidemiology and management written by Christophe Lacomme and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-10 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potato virus Y (PVY) infects a wide host range mainly within the Solanaceae and is distributed worldwide. PVY is transmitted by more than 40 aphid species in a non persistent manner. Isolates of the PVY species are highly variable at biological, serological and molecular levels. Epidemiological studies have highlighted the emergence of distinct potato PVY variants able to induce necroses on potato tubers. Due to the lack of efficient resistance to PVY isolates inducing necrotic symptoms in cultivated varieties and the plant-to-plant transmission of isolates through the daughter tubers, PVY has become the most economically important virus for the potato industry. The review offers an overview of several decades of research on PVY but also focuses on the latest data obtained by expert on PVY worldwide on the biological characteristics of PVY, interactions between aphids-hosts, its evolution and management. Identified knowledge gaps to understand further PVY biology will be discussed.
Book Synopsis Epidemiology of Potato Virus Y ̊ by : Roland Sigvald
Download or read book Epidemiology of Potato Virus Y ̊ written by Roland Sigvald and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-Potatoes by : Gad Loebenstein
Download or read book Virus and Virus-like Diseases of Potatoes and Production of Seed-Potatoes written by Gad Loebenstein and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 479 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive up-to-date treatise including information on virus-, viroid-, and phytoplasma-induced potato diseases. The chapters of this book were written by internationally well-known experts and include novel techniques of detection, virus isolation, transmission, and epidemiology of the pathogens.
Book Synopsis Epidemiology and Control of Potato Virus Y (PVY) in the Red River Valley of Minnesota and North Dakota by : Christina Diane DiFonzo
Download or read book Epidemiology and Control of Potato Virus Y (PVY) in the Red River Valley of Minnesota and North Dakota written by Christina Diane DiFonzo and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Viruses of Potatoes and Seed-potato Production by : J. A. de Bokx
Download or read book Viruses of Potatoes and Seed-potato Production written by J. A. de Bokx and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterization and identification of potato viruses and viroids; Viruses, viroids, mycoplasmas and diseases with a virus-like; Viruses and potatoes.
Book Synopsis Studies on the Relationships of Potato Virus Y and Potato Leaf Roll Virus with Their Aphid Vectors in Potato by : Shaonpius Mondal
Download or read book Studies on the Relationships of Potato Virus Y and Potato Leaf Roll Virus with Their Aphid Vectors in Potato written by Shaonpius Mondal and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potato virus Y (PVY) and Potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) constrain potato production and are transmitted by many aphid vectors. Green peach aphid (GPA) is the most efficient vector of both viruses. The overall objective of this dissertation was to study the potato-PVY- and PLRV-aphid pathosystems. A recent concern regarding PVY is the emergence of necrotic and recombinant strains (e.g., PVYN̳:̳O̳, PVYN̳T̳N̳, PVYN̳A̳-N̳/̳N̳T̳N̳) and their impacts relative to the ordinary strain (PVYO̳) in the United States. The first study was aimed at clarifying transmission of virus strains by GPA when multiple virus strains are present in the same source tissue. The apparent primacy of PVYO̳ observed in the study suggests that GPA transmission from mixed infection does not contribute to the increasing prevalence of newer necrotic strains. The second study was aimed at understanding how necrotic PVY isolates are transmitted compared to ordinary isolates by various colonizing (GPA and potato aphid, PA) and non-colonizing aphid (bird cherry-oat aphid, BCOA) species. Although GPA transmitted PVY isolates most efficiently, BCOA transmitted PVYN̳T̳N̳ isolates with better efficiency than previously reported. BCOA is one of the most abundant aphids in potato fields in Idaho, suggesting that this species might be a contributing factor to the recent prevalence of necrotic strains. The third study was focused on the characterization of the aphid species complex over time in potato fields adjacent to cereal fields and how their transient flight might contribute to PVY incidence. A diverse fauna of non-colonizing aphid species was captured, including many cereal aphids as well as species from other crops and weeds. PVY incidence in potato increased following peak aphid flight and appeared to be related to aphid abundance. The objectives of the PLRV-aphid pathosystem study were to observe the phenology of aphid vectors and PLRV incidence among Russet Burbank, Russet Norkotah, and Ranger Russet potato varieties over the season. All varieties were found to be at similar risk of PLRV incidence and aphid vector colonization. Findings from these studies contribute to our understanding of the PVY- and PLRV-pathosystems, and their future management for the benefit of potato growers. [Underscored letters are superscript in original text.]
Book Synopsis Biological and Molecular Studies on Potatovirus Interactions Using Potato Virus S and Potato Virus Y as Model Systems by : Khalid Naveed
Download or read book Biological and Molecular Studies on Potatovirus Interactions Using Potato Virus S and Potato Virus Y as Model Systems written by Khalid Naveed and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a staple food in the world. Potato virus Y (PVY; Potyvirus: Potyviridae ) is an important virus that affects yield and quality of potatoes. PVY exists as biologically distinct strains: PVY-N induces systemic veinal necrosis in tobacco, PVY-O causes hypersensitive response (HR) in potato cultivars carrying the Ny gene and PVY-NTN produces necrotic rings on the tubers of sensitive potato cultivars. The vsiRNA profiles of three distinct PVY strains, ordinary (PVY-O), tobacco-veinal necrotic (PVY-N) and tuber-necrotic (PVY-NTN) strains were determined in potato cv. Russet Burbank. The frequency and distribution of vsiRNAs varied among different strains. PVY-NTN infected plants accumulated the highest population of PVY-vsiRNAs in comparison to plants infected with PVY-O and PVY-N. In PVY-infected plants, the 21 nt class was predominant whereas in healthy potato plants 24 nt class had the maximum population. VsiRNAs were derived from every nucleotide position of the PVY genome and certain hotspots were identified which produced relatively more vsiRNAs. Additionally, six novel microRNAs were found in PVY-infected plants. Potato virus S (PVS; Carlavirus: Betaflexiviridae) is another important potato virus distributed worldwide. The outcome of mixed infection of PVS and PVY was studied under controlled conditions in three potato cultivars, Defender, Desiree and Russet Burbank. Results showed that PVS has an antagonistic effect on PVY replication in mixed infection. The antagonistic effect was associated with less severe symptoms in dual infections as well as reduced PVY multiplication. Symptoms of PVS were not visible in Desiree and Russet Burbank plants except Defender which showed bronzing spots on the leaves. PVY symptoms included mosaic, mottling and leaf drop. It was found that the antagonistic effect of PVS on the replication of PVY is independent of host genetic background as the same pattern was found in all three potato cultivars. Potato cultivars such as Desiree carrying the Ny gene show HR to infection with the ordinary strain of PVY. In comparison to Russet Burbank, PVY levels in Desiree decreased with increasing number of days post-inoculation. The HR was found to be specific to PVY-O and was not elicited by infection by PVY-N or PVY-NTN.
Download or read book The Potato Crop written by Hugo Campos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-12-03 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is open access under a CC BY 4.0 license. This book provides a fresh, updated and science-based perspective on the current status and prospects of the diverse array of topics related to the potato, and was written by distinguished scientists with hands-on global experience in research aspects related to potato. The potato is the third most important global food crop in terms of consumption. Being the only vegetatively propagated species among the world’s main five staple crops creates both issues and opportunities for the potato: on the one hand, this constrains the speed of its geographic expansion and its options for international commercialization and distribution when compared with commodity crops such as maize, wheat or rice. On the other, it provides an effective insulation against speculation and unforeseen spikes in commodity prices, since the potato does not represent a good traded on global markets. These two factors highlight the underappreciated and underrated role of the potato as a dependable nutrition security crop, one that can mitigate turmoil in world food supply and demand and political instability in some developing countries. Increasingly, the global role of the potato has expanded from a profitable crop in developing countries to a crop providing income and nutrition security in developing ones. This book will appeal to academics and students of crop sciences, but also policy makers and other stakeholders involved in the potato and its contribution to humankind’s food security.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 886 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Potato Virus Y (PVY) in Scotland by : Kim Davie
Download or read book The Biodiversity and Epidemiology of Potato Virus Y (PVY) in Scotland written by Kim Davie and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Plant Virus Evolution by : Marilyn J. Roossinck
Download or read book Plant Virus Evolution written by Marilyn J. Roossinck and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-23 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive look at the field of plant virus evolution. It is the first book ever published on the topic. Individual chapters, written by experts in the field, cover plant virus ecology, emerging viruses, plant viruses that integrate into the host genome, population biology, evolutionary mechanisms and appropriate methods for analysis. It covers RNA viruses, DNA viruses, pararetroviruses and viroids, and presents a number of thought-provoking ideas.
Book Synopsis Compendium of Potato Diseases by : W. J. Hooker
Download or read book Compendium of Potato Diseases written by W. J. Hooker and published by International Potato Center. This book was released on 1981 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disease in the absence of infectious pathogens. Genetic abnormalities. Adverse environment. Nutrient imbalance. Disease in the presence of infectious pathogens. Fungi. Viruses. Mycoplasmas. Insect toxins. Nematodes. Aphids. Seed potato certification.
Book Synopsis Prevention And Control Of Covid-19 by :
Download or read book Prevention And Control Of Covid-19 written by and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2020-04-15 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Shanghai COVID-19 Medical Treatment Expert Team edits this timely guide for effective prevention and control of COVID-19. Readers will obtain useful guidance on prevention and control of COVID-19 in different places ranging from homes, outdoors, workplaces, etc. You will know 'What is the purpose and significance of home quarantine?', ' When do you need to wear a mask?', 'How should you wash your hands?', 'Do you need to wear a mask in an elevator?', 'What foods are safe to eat and what are not?', 'How to deal with express parcels from major epidemic areas or other areas?' and many other useful tips.Related Link(s)
Book Synopsis Commercial Potato Production by : August Ernest Kehr
Download or read book Commercial Potato Production written by August Ernest Kehr and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 896 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Characteristics and Control of Viruses Infecting Peppers by : S. K. Green
Download or read book Characteristics and Control of Viruses Infecting Peppers written by S. K. Green and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Filamentous viruses; Rod-Shaped viruses; Isometric viruses; Geminiviruses; Tomato spotted wilt virus group; Other viruses; Control measures.
