Studies In Music Words And Imagery In Early Modern Europe

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Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe

Author : Barbara Russano Hanning
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040106773
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe by : Barbara Russano Hanning

Download or read book Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe written by Barbara Russano Hanning and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-08-20 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Characterized by an interdisciplinary approach, these essays highlight the relationship between music and poetry in Italian secular works of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, examine the role of images in shedding light on the cultural context in which these and other works came into being (music iconography), and explore the binaries and similarities of the arts in this period. Insights about early opera are complemented by discussions of accompanied solo song, or monody, both genres new to Italian music at the turn of the seventeenth century. Many chapters focus on specific images, ranging from the figure of Apollo and his significance as the earliest operatic protagonist, to an early eighteenth-century representation of a salon concert and its “ensemblisation” of events that likely occurred serially. Others include discussions and analyses of musical poetics, from Tasso’s influence on the Italian madrigal to Rinuccini’s authorship of the earliest opera libretti. Another focuses on history while narrating the circumstances under which opera came into being in late Renaissance Florence. Addressed in large measure to teachers and students, Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe presents a range of subjects that broaden our perspective on the era. Certain essays take a specifically pedagogical approach, while others are more apt to interest music historians or those familiar with Italian versification. All are presented with a view toward making more accessible essays that do not fit neatly into one subject area but cross boundary lines between music, words, and images.

Transmitting Knowledge

Author : Sachiko Kusukawa
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
ISBN 13 : 019928878X
Total Pages : 292 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (992 download)

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Book Synopsis Transmitting Knowledge by : Sachiko Kusukawa

Download or read book Transmitting Knowledge written by Sachiko Kusukawa and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The period between the fifteenth and the middle of the seventeenth centuries saw a great many changes and innovations in scientific thinking. These were communicated to various publics in diverse ways; not only through discursive prose and formal notations, but also in the form of instruments and images accompanying texts. The collected essays of this volume examine the modes of transmission of this knowledge in a variety of contexts. The schematic representation of instruments is examined in the case of the 'navicula' (a versatile version of a sundial) and the 'squadro' (a surveying instrument); the new forms of illustration of plants and the human body are investigated through the work of Fuchs and Vesalius; theories of optics and of matter are discussed in relation to the illustrations which accompany the texts of Ausonio and Descartes. The different diagrammatic strategies adopted to explain the complex medical theory of the latitude of health are charted through the work of medieval and sixteenth-century physicians; Kepler's use of illustration in his handbook of cosmology is placed in the context of book production and Copernican propaganda. The conception of astronomical instruments as either calculating devices or as cosmological models is examined in the case of Tycho Brahe and others. A study is devoted to the multiple functions of frontispieces and to the various readerships for which they were conceived. The papers in the volume are all based on new research, and they constitute together a coherent and convergent set of case studies which demonstrate the vitality and inventiveness of early modern natural philosophers, and their awareness of the media available to them for transmitting knowledge.

Women, the Crusades, the Templars and Hospitallers in Medieval European Society and Culture

Author : Helen J. Nicholson
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040132723
Total Pages : 282 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Women, the Crusades, the Templars and Hospitallers in Medieval European Society and Culture by : Helen J. Nicholson

Download or read book Women, the Crusades, the Templars and Hospitallers in Medieval European Society and Culture written by Helen J. Nicholson and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-08 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Known worldwide among scholars of medieval Europe for her books on the Knights Hospitaller and the Knights Templar, the trial of the Templars in Britain and Ireland, and women and the crusades, Professor Helen J. Nicholson has drawn together in this volume a selection of her shorter publications, previously published in academic journals, scholarly collections, or online. Reflecting almost thirty years of published research, this collection includes articles focusing on women’s depiction in contemporary writing on the crusades and their involvement with the military religious orders, the Templars’ and Hospitallers’ relations with the rulers of Latin Christendom and with their noble patrons and their operations in Britain and Ireland. Women, the Crusades, the Templars and Hospitallers in Medieval European Society and Culture will interest scholars, students, and other researchers studying the military religious orders, the crusades and women’s lives in medieval Europe and the crusader states.

Studies in Byzantine Monasticism

Author : Alice-Mary Talbot
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040132553
Total Pages : 318 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies in Byzantine Monasticism by : Alice-Mary Talbot

Download or read book Studies in Byzantine Monasticism written by Alice-Mary Talbot and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-10-02 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume includes seventeen essays on Byzantine monasticism, focusing on the 9th to 15th centuries. Envisaged as a companion Variorum volume to Talbot's Women and Religious Life in Byzantium (2001), this compendium complements its predecessor by focusing more attention on male monasteries, hermits and holy mountains, while offering some pioneering studies of female patrons, rural nuns, and the links of many Byzantine women to Mount Athos. The volume also complements Talbot's 2019 monograph, Varieties of Monastic Experience in Byzantium, 800-1453, by offering detailed analyses of topics that could only be briefly addressed in that book. Introductory essays include an overview of the historical development of Byzantine monasteries and holy mountains, emphasising the intertwining of monasticism with urban and rural society. Subsequent essays explore the regimen at coenobitic monasteries, while paying considerable attention to the less well-known lifestyles of hermits, especially those on holy mountains. Other topics include monastery gardens and horticulture; the culture of the refectory; challenges for adolescent novices; factors influencing the choice of a monastery’s foundation site; female patronage of monastery construction and restoration; the conversion of monasteries from male to female and vice-versa; rules regarding personal poverty for monastics; and the choice of a monastic name.

Continuity and Rupture in the Long Middle Ages

Author : Michael Edward Moore
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040108261
Total Pages : 320 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Continuity and Rupture in the Long Middle Ages by : Michael Edward Moore

Download or read book Continuity and Rupture in the Long Middle Ages written by Michael Edward Moore and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-08-26 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The “Long Middle Ages” indicates a span of time extending from Antiquity, across the Middle Ages, to the Early Modern period. The author tries to understand factors of historical continuity binding this period together and the periodic scenes of violent change that disrupted societies and traditions. The Long Middle Ages were established on classical and biblical foundations, while each generation interpreted and expanded on those origins. The cohesion of the Long Middle Ages was brought about by continuous acts of reflection and renascence. Scholarly practices and ideas of Antiquity were taken up in the monasteries and cathedral schools of the Middle Ages, while during the Renaissance, and then the Baroque period, thinkers looked back to Antiquity and to the Middle Ages. Continuity and Rupture in the Long Middle Ages is an interdisciplinary approach to intellectual history, which puts the history of ideas in the context of cultural, political, religious, and legal history. Medieval history is the central moment, while continuity and change are found in traditions extending from the Lord’s Prayer (AD 30) to Jean Mabillon (AD 1632–1707) and onward to moderns like Ernst Cassirer and Paul Ricoeur. Readers will discover new significance in historical figures like the Venerable Bede, Boniface of Mainz, Charlemagne, and Pope Formosus – in the laws of medieval kings and bishops – and institutions like the monastery of Cluny. These essays, gathered together for the first time in this Variorum volume, offer powerful new interpretations for students and researchers in the fields of medieval studies, legal and literary interpretation, legal history, and the history of European intellectual life from ancient to modern times.

Reflections on Observational Astronomy in the Medieval Islamic Period

Author : S. Mohammad Mozaffari
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1040228429
Total Pages : 352 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Reflections on Observational Astronomy in the Medieval Islamic Period by : S. Mohammad Mozaffari

Download or read book Reflections on Observational Astronomy in the Medieval Islamic Period written by S. Mohammad Mozaffari and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2024-12-13 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents comprehensive investigations into various facets of observational astronomy during the medieval Islamic period, spanning from the ninth to the seventeenth centuries. The chapters compiled here, originally published between 2012 and 2018, have undergone significant revisions to enhance their accuracy and explore a broad spectrum of topics organized into five main sections. Reflections on Observational Astronomy in the Medieval Islamic Period begins with solar astronomy, providing a detailed evaluation of Islamic astronomers’ determinations of fundamental solar parameters. In the realm of lunar astronomy, it examines the gradual endorsement and rationalization of annular solar eclipses, along with an exclusive historical account of predicting and observing such an event in 1283 CE. The section on planetary astronomy scrutinizes empirical discoveries that distinguish between the precession of equinoxes and the motion of apogees, as well as significant enhancements to Ptolemy’s parameters for planetary latitudes. Stellar astronomy is explored through a non-Ptolemaic star table that encompasses observations from ninth-century Baghdad to thirteenth-century Marāgha. The final section examines observational instruments, focusing on those constructed during the second period of activities at the Marāgha observatory. A critical analysis of astronomical observations conducted at the Marāgha and Istanbul observatories is a key focus of this work. This book will be invaluable to those interested in the historical progression of exact sciences; the scope, distinctive aspects, and caliber of experimental activities in medieval times; and the interplay between theory and observation throughout history. It is intended for historians, scientists (including astronomers and physicists), and particularly, historians of astronomy.

Musicians' Mobilities and Music Migrations in Early Modern Europe

Author : Gesa zur Nieden
Publisher : transcript Verlag
ISBN 13 : 3839435048
Total Pages : 429 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (394 download)

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Book Synopsis Musicians' Mobilities and Music Migrations in Early Modern Europe by : Gesa zur Nieden

Download or read book Musicians' Mobilities and Music Migrations in Early Modern Europe written by Gesa zur Nieden and published by transcript Verlag. This book was released on 2016-10-31 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the 17th and 18th century musicians' mobilities and migrations are essential for the European music history and the cultural exchange of music. Adopting viewpoints that reflect different methodological approaches and diversified research cultures, the book presents studies on central scopes, strategies and artistic outcomes of mobile and migratory musicians as well as on the transfer of music. By looking at elite and non-elite musicians and their everyday mobilities to major and minor centers of music production and practice, new biographical patterns and new stylistic paradigms in the European East, West and South emerge.

Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe

Author : Barbara Russano Hanning
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781032687698
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (876 download)

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Book Synopsis Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe by : Barbara Russano Hanning

Download or read book Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe written by Barbara Russano Hanning and published by . This book was released on 2024 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Characterized by an interdisciplinary approach, these essays highlight the relationship between music and poetry in Italian secular works of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, examine the role of images in shedding light on the cultural context in which these and other works came into being (music iconography), and explore the binaries and similarities of the arts in this period. Insights about early opera are complemented by discussions of accompanied solo song, or monody, both genres new to Italian music at the turn of the seventeenth century. Many chapters focus on specific images, ranging from the figure of Apollo and his significance as the earliest operatic protagonist, to an early eighteenth-century representation of a salon concert and its "ensemblisation" of events that likely occurred serially. Others include discussions and analyses of musical poetics, from Tasso's influence on the Italian madrigal to Rinuccini's authorship of the earliest opera libretti. Another focuses on history while narrating the circumstances under which opera came into being in late Renaissance Florence. Addressed in large measure to teachers and students, Studies in Music, Words, and Imagery in Early Modern Europe presents a range of subjects that broaden our perspective on the era. Certain essays take a specifically pedagogical approach, while others are more apt to interest music historians or those familiar with Italian versification. All are presented with a view toward making more accessible essays that do not fit neatly into one subject area but cross boundary lines between music, words, and images"--

Money, Morality, and Culture in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe

Author : Juliann M. Vitullo
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
ISBN 13 : 9780754664970
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (649 download)

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Book Synopsis Money, Morality, and Culture in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe by : Juliann M. Vitullo

Download or read book Money, Morality, and Culture in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe written by Juliann M. Vitullo and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2010 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the first volumes to explore the intersection of economics, morality, and culture, this collection analyzes the role of the developing monetary economy in Western Europe from the twelfth to the seventeenth century. The contributors--scholars from the fields of history, literature, art history and musicology--explore how money infiltrated every aspect of everyday life, modified notions of social identity, and encouraged debates about ethical uses of wealth.

The Routledge Companion to Music and Visual Culture

Author : Tim Shephard
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1135956464
Total Pages : 416 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (359 download)

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Book Synopsis The Routledge Companion to Music and Visual Culture by : Tim Shephard

Download or read book The Routledge Companion to Music and Visual Culture written by Tim Shephard and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-07-31 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a coherent field of research, the field of music and visual culture has seen rapid growth in recent years. The Routledge Companion to Music and Visual Culture serves as the first comprehensive reference on the intersection between these two areas of study, an ideal introduction for those coming to the field for the first time as well as a useful source of information for seasoned researchers. This collection of over forty entries, from musicologists and art historians from the US and UK, delineate the key concepts in the field in five parts: Starting Points Methodologies Reciprocation – the musical in visual culture and the visual in musical culture Convergence –in metaphor, in conception, and in practice Hybrid Arts This reference work speaks to the important questions concerning this burgeoning field of research –what are the established approaches to studying musical and visual cultures side by side? What have been the major points of contact between these two areas and what kind of questions can this interdisciplinary research address moving forward? The Routledge Companion to Music and Visual Culture is an indispensable guide for anyone interested in the field of music and visual culture.

Seeing Faith, Printing Pictures: Religious Identity During the English Reformation

Author : David J. Davis
Publisher : BRILL
ISBN 13 : 9004236015
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (42 download)

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Book Synopsis Seeing Faith, Printing Pictures: Religious Identity During the English Reformation by : David J. Davis

Download or read book Seeing Faith, Printing Pictures: Religious Identity During the English Reformation written by David J. Davis and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-02-15 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a unique analysis of visual religion in Reformation England as seen in its religious printed images. Challenging traditional notions of an iconoclastic Reformation, it offers a thorough analysis of the widespread body of printed images and the ways the images gave shape to the religious culture.

Medievalism and Metal Music Studies

Author : Ruth Barratt-Peacock
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1787563952
Total Pages : 212 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (875 download)

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Book Synopsis Medievalism and Metal Music Studies by : Ruth Barratt-Peacock

Download or read book Medievalism and Metal Music Studies written by Ruth Barratt-Peacock and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2019-09-06 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited collection investigates metal music’s enduring fascination with the medieval period from a variety of critical perspectives, exploring how metal musicians and fans use the medieval period as a fount for creativity and critique.

Embodiment, Expertise, and Ethics in Early Modern Europe

Author : Marlene L. Eberhart
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1000225100
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (2 download)

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Book Synopsis Embodiment, Expertise, and Ethics in Early Modern Europe by : Marlene L. Eberhart

Download or read book Embodiment, Expertise, and Ethics in Early Modern Europe written by Marlene L. Eberhart and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-23 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Embodiment, Expertise, and Ethics in Early Modern Europe highlights the agency and intentionality of individuals and groups in the making of sensory knowledge from approximately 1500 to 1700. Focused case studies show how artisans, poets, writers, and theologians responded creatively to their environments, filtering the cultural resources at their disposal through the lenses of their own more immediate experiences and concerns. The result was not a single, unified sensory culture, but rather an entangling of micro-cultural dynamics playing out across an archipelago of contexts that dotted the early modern European world—one that saw profound transitions in ways people used sensory knowledge to claim ethical, intellectual, and practical authority.

Mediating Religious Cultures in Early Modern Europe

Author : Torrance Kirby
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
ISBN 13 : 1443863386
Total Pages : 302 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (438 download)

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Book Synopsis Mediating Religious Cultures in Early Modern Europe by : Torrance Kirby

Download or read book Mediating Religious Cultures in Early Modern Europe written by Torrance Kirby and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, writing on early-modern culture has turned from examining the upheavals of the Reformation as the ruptured birth of early modernity out of the late medieval towards a striking emphasis on processes of continuity, transition, and adaptation. No longer is the ‘religious’ seen as institutional or doctrinaire, but rather as a cultural and social phenomenon that exceeds the rigid parameters of modern definition. Recent analyses of early-modern cultures offer nuanced accounts that move beyond the limits of traditional historiography, and even the bounds of religious studies. At their centre is recognition that the scope of the religious can never be extricated from early-modern culture. Despite its many conflicts and tensions, the lingua franca for cultural self-understanding of the early-modern period remains ineluctably religious. The early-modern world wrestled with the radical challenges concerning the nature of belief within the confines of church or worship, but also beyond them. This process of negotiation was complex and fuelled European social dynamics. Without religion we cannot begin to comprehend the myriad facets of early-modern life, from markets, to new forms of art, to public and private associations. In discussions of images, the Eucharist, suicide, music, street lighting, or whether or not the sensible natural world represented an otherworldly divine, religion was the fundamental preoccupation of the age. Yet, even in contexts where unbelief might be considered, we find the religious providing the fundamental terminology for explicating the secular theories and views which sought to undermine it as a valid aspect of human life. This collection of essays takes up these themes in diverse ways. We move from the 15th century to the 18th, from the core problem of sacramental mediation of the divine within the strict parameters of eucharistic and devotional life, through discussion of images and iconoclasm, music and word, to more blurred contexts of death, street life, and atheism. Throughout the early-modern period, the very processes of adaption – even change itself – were framed by religious concepts and conceits.

Dynasty in Motion: Wedding Journeys in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe

Author : Patrik Pastrnak
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 100091707X
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Dynasty in Motion: Wedding Journeys in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe by : Patrik Pastrnak

Download or read book Dynasty in Motion: Wedding Journeys in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe written by Patrik Pastrnak and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-28 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together a variety of evidence, such as princely correspondence, travelogues, financial accounts, chronicles, chivalric or Renaissance poems, this book examines marital travels of princely brides and grooms on a comparative trans-European scale. This book argues that these journeys were extraordinary events and were instrumental for dynastical and monarchical self-representation, and channelled aspirations and anxieties of princely houses when facing each other. Each such journey was a little earthquake that resonated across all layers of society. Hundreds of diplomats, envoys, aristocrats, city officials, low-status personnel, soldiers, artists, musicians, poets, and humanists were involved in preparing, executing, and commemorating them. Stretching far beyond the mere physical movements of the future royal spouse, the journeys snowballed into a myriad of other meanings that epitomised the very character of a society based on prestige, magnificence, honour, and glory. The story of nuptial travelling is fascinating and rich; it is a perfect condensation of monarchical order, dynastic agenda, value system, personal motives, female agency, and social networks in this period. It is dynasty in motion, prestige on wheels, queenly time, place, and time like no other. This volume is the perfect resource for upper-level students and scholars of court studies, the history of monarchy, and for those interested in premodern Europe.

Disiecta Membra Musicae

Author : Giovanni Varelli
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 3110717905
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (17 download)

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Book Synopsis Disiecta Membra Musicae by : Giovanni Varelli

Download or read book Disiecta Membra Musicae written by Giovanni Varelli and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-12-07 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although fragments from music manuscripts have occupied a place of considerable importance since the very early days of modern musicology, a collective, up-to-date, and comprehensive discussion of the various techniques and approaches for their study was lacking. On-line resources have also become increasingly crucial for the identification, study, and textual/musical reconstruction of fragmentary sources. Disiecta Membra Musicae. Studies in Musical Fragmentology aims at reviewing the state of the art in the study of medieval music fragments in Europe, the variety of methodologies for studying the repertory and its transmission, musical palaeography, codicology, liturgy, historical and cultural contexts, etc. This collection of essays provides an opportunity to reflect also on broader issues, such as the role of fragments in last century’s musicology, how fragmentary material shaped our conception of the written transmission of early European music, and how new fragments are being discovered in the digital age. Known fragments and new technology, new discoveries and traditional methodology alternate in this collection of essays, whose topics range from plainchant to ars nova and fifteenth- to sixteenth-century polyphony.

1543 and All That

Author : G. Freeland
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401594783
Total Pages : 408 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)

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Book Synopsis 1543 and All That by : G. Freeland

Download or read book 1543 and All That written by G. Freeland and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-09 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Australia and New Zealand boast an active community of scholars working in the field of history, philosophy and social studies of science. Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Seien ce aims to provide a distinctive publication of essays on a connected outlet for their work. Each volume comprises a group theme, edited by an Australian or a New Zealander with special expertise in that particular area. In each volume, a majority of the contributors is from Australia or New Zealand. Contributions from elsewhere are by no means ruled out, however, and are indeed actively encouraged wherever appropriate to the balance of the volume in question. Earlier volumes in the series have been welcomed for significantly advancing the discussion of the topics they have dealt with. I believe that the present volume will be greeted equally enthusiastically by readers in many parts of the world. R. W Horne General Editor Australasian Studies in History and Philosophy of Science ix LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Frontispiece. Andreas Vesalius, Sixth Plate ofthe Muscles, woodcut, designed by Jan Steven van Kalkar, from De humani corporis fabrica (Basel, 1543). (Photo. Scientific Illustration; repr. by kind permission of the University of New South Wales Library. ) In: GUY FREELAND, 'Introduction: In Praise of Toothing-Stones' Fig. 1. Michael Esson, Vesalian Interpretation 3 (1992). (Repr. by kind permission ofthe Artist. ) Fig. 2. Reliefs, University of Padua.