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Author : Sabine Leroch
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (632 download)
Download or read book Structure, Thermodynamics and Phase Behavior of a Polydisperse Colloidal Mixture written by Sabine Leroch and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher : Cuvillier Verlag
ISBN 13 : 373692223X
Total Pages : 136 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (369 download)
Download or read book Phase Behavior and Effective Interactions in Colloidal Suspensions written by and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007-04-25 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloidal suspensions describe particles with size from typically a few nanometers to a few microns which are dispersed in a medium. In physics, in chemistry, and in biology colloids play an important role and the study of colloidal systems underwent a recent renaissance. This is based on the development of experimental techniques, the availability of extensive computer simulations and well-developed theoretical approaches. From a technological point of view, the relevance of micro- and nanostructured materials and the presence of colloids in nature and everyday life motivates study of this rich field. In this thesis the phase behavior and the effective interactions of colloidal suspensions in bulk, in contact with surfaces, and in confined geometry are studied. For mixtures of particles with hard-core interactions the model introduced by Asakura, Oosawa and Vrij provides an appropriate starting-point. Based on that model the free-volume theory and the density functional theory are employed. In experimental systems one faces particles with properties such as the size or the shape which are described by a distribution. To capture that issue a generalized approach based on free-volume theory for treating mixtures of colloids and a polydisperse depletion agent is presented. Within that approach it is possible to treat size and morphology polydispersity. A depletion agent with a bimodal distribution possessing two length scales can be studied. Though the Asakura-Oosawa-Vrij model describes a simple fluid - a mixture of hard spheres and ideal polymer - the phenomenology is rather rich: in contact with a wall one finds layering and wetting effects and in confined geometry of a narrow pore one finds capillary condensation. The competition between both effects manifests itself in thermodynamic properties like the excess colloid adsorption and the solvation force between the two confining walls. Solvent phase separation complicates the evaluation of interparticle interactions between the solute particles. We address this question for the wall-colloid and the colloid-colloid geometry. For a non-spherical particle the effect of curvature on thermodynamic quantities is studied.
Author : John Joseph Williamson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 170 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (861 download)
Download or read book The Kinetics of Phase Transitions in Polydisperse Systems written by John Joseph Williamson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study of soft matter's phase behaviour is based on thermodynamics, originally developed to describe systems i) composed of identical particles, and ii) in their final equilibrium state. However, a practical understanding requires knowledge of how real systems do (or do not) actually approach equilibrium. This is especially diffcult to achieve when, as often in soft matter, the constituents are polydisperse, i.e. comprise continuously non-identical particle species. I present a wide-ranging simulation study of phase transition kinetics in the presence of polydispersity, in the context of model colloidal systems. After briefly exploring the structural and dynamical physics of polydisperse systems, I show that fractionation (the partitioning of a polydisperse property between phases) may be enacted in the very early stages of phase separation, and highlight the qualitative sensitivity of this effect to the details of inter-particle potentials. I study the effects of metastable gas-liquid separation on crystal growth, finding a complex dependence on polydispersity which I explain with novel fractionation and local size correlation measurements. I test a theory of fractionation against experimental data in a colloid-polymer mixture with small polymers, a regime in which the widely-used Mean-Field Asakura-Oosawa (MFAO) model becomes unphysical, and find that qualitative agreement can be obtained via a simple modification of the MFAO theory. I precisely measure the composition of a diffusively-grown hard sphere crystal with small polydispersity. The results are agnostic about a prediction that diffusion in- duces nonequilibrium fractionation, but do show that equilibrium composition is not achieved: to within extremely small error bars, the crystal does not fractionate at all during growth. I examine crystal growth on an epitaxial substrate composed of dual crystal templates. Finally, I study the interdependent diffusion of particle size and concentration in a polydisperse hard sphere uid, isolating the eigenmodes implied by the BMCSL polydisperse free energy.
Author : Yeng-Long Chen
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (543 download)
Download or read book Phase Behavior, Fluid Structure, & Slow Dynamics in Polymer-colloid Mixtures written by Yeng-Long Chen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : M Lopez De Haro
Publisher : World Scientific
ISBN 13 : 9814552526
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (145 download)
Download or read book Lectures On Thermodynamics And Statistical Mechanics - Proceedings Of The Xxii Winter Meeting On Statistical Physics written by M Lopez De Haro and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 1994-05-16 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of proceedings of the XXII Winter Meeting on Statistical Physics provides an overview of the subjects of current interest in statistical physics. Topics discussed include analytical as well as computer studies of the equilibrium properties of fluids, electrolytes, dense polymer systems and colloidal mixtures, proton transfer dynamics, chaos in cellular automata, sandpile physics and avalanches, ballistic aggregation and the electric microfield in a plasma.
Author : B. J. Ackerson
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780677260907
Total Pages : 190 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (69 download)
Download or read book Phase Transitions in Colloidal Suspensions written by B. J. Ackerson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first five articles in this issue emphasize equilibrium phases and structures. The hard sphere properties of sterically stabilized particle suspensions are examined in the article by van Megan, Pusey and Bartlett, a colloidal compound is discussed by Hachisu and attractive interactions are shown to produce a full complement of phase transitions including a liquid/gas transition by Emmett and Vincent. Recent theoretical interest in the nature of melting in two dimensions has led to the investigation of the melting transition in colloidal systems where the particles are constrained to a single layer. Murray, Van Winkle and Wenk present experimental results supporting the view that two dimensional melting is mediated by two second order transitions, while Tang, Armstrong, Mockler and O'Sullivan present results suggesting a first order process in a similar colloidal monolayer.
Author : Joachim Dzubiella
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (516 download)
Download or read book Phase Behavior and Structure of Binary Colloidal Mixtures written by Joachim Dzubiella and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Hongda Zhang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 692 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (319 download)
Download or read book Thermodynamics, Phase Behavior, and Rheology of Surfactant Mixtures written by Hongda Zhang and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Henk N.W. Lekkerkerker
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400712227
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)
Download or read book Colloids and the Depletion Interaction written by Henk N.W. Lekkerkerker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-05-12 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colloids are submicron particles that are ubiquitous in nature (milk, clay, blood) and industrial products (paints, drilling fluids, food). In recent decades it has become clear that adding depletants such as polymers or small colloids to colloidal dispersions allows one to tune the interactions between the colloids and in this way control the stability, structure and rheological properties of colloidal dispersions. This book offers a concise introduction to the fundamentals of depletion effects and their influence on the phase behavior of colloidal dispersions. Throughout the book, conceptual explanations are accompanied by experimental and computer simulation results. From the review by Kurt Binder: "They have succeeded in writing a monograph that is a very well balanced compromise between a very pedagogic introduction, suitable for students and other newcomers, and reviews of the advanced research trends in the field. Thus each chapter contains many and up to date references, but in the initial sections of the chapters, there are suggested exercises which will help the interested reader to recapitulate the main points of the treatment and to deepen his understanding of the subject. Only elementary knowledge of statistical thermodynamics is needed as a background for understanding the derivations presented in this book; thus this text is suitable also for advanced teaching purposes, useful of courses which deal with the physics for soft condensed matter. There does not yet exist any other book with a similar scope..... The readability of this book is furthermore enhanced by a list of symbols, and index of keywords, and last not least by a large number of figures, including many pedagogic sketches which were specifically prepared for this book. Thus, this book promises to be very useful for students and related applied sciences alike." Eur. Phys. J. E (2015) 38: 73
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 178 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (299 download)
Download or read book Sozdanie Bucharskoj Narodnoj Sovetskoj Respubliki written by and published by . This book was released on 1955 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christoph Gögelein
Publisher : Forschungszentrum Jülich
ISBN 13 : 3893365559
Total Pages : 165 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (933 download)
Download or read book Phase Behaviour of Proteins and Colloid Polymer Mixtures written by Christoph Gögelein and published by Forschungszentrum Jülich. This book was released on 2008 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Naa Larteokor McFarlane
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781109671759
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (717 download)
Download or read book A Mechanistic Understanding of the Polymer-induced Phase Behavior of Colloidal-scale Suspensions written by Naa Larteokor McFarlane and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The phase behavior of model polymer - colloid mixtures is measured in the "protein limit", i.e., when the radius of gyration of the polymer (R g) is greater than or approximately equal to the radius of the colloid (R) and in the "colloid limit" (R> R g). In this work, alumina-covered silica nanoparticles are mixed with poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO) or poly (vinyl pyrolidone) (PVP) at asymmetry ratios of R g /R = 0.7 and 1.8. The adsorption of the two polymers onto the cationic nanoparticles was measured using isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), gravimetric methods, and dynamic light scattering. Addition of PEO to stable nanoparticle dispersions leads to phase separation by depletion flocculation in both deionized water and buffer solutions. The phase separation mechanism for the PVP - nanoparticle system depends on the suspension medium. In water, bridging induced separation occurs below the saturation adsorption of PVP; above surface saturation, mixing leads to depletion-induced separation. In acidic buffer, phase separation results from depletion-induced interactions. ITC measurements of the heats of adsorption unambiguously determine the effects of polymer type and added buffer solution on the stability of nanoparticle dispersions upon the addition of adsorbing polymer. We find weak segmental adsorption energies of ~0.2 k B T for PEO in water and buffer, consistent with the observed phase separation. For PVP in water, segmental adsorption energies of order ~1.6 k B T support bridging flocculation in water, whereas a weaker adsorption energy of ~0.7 k B T in buffer is consistent with a lack of significant bridging flocculation. The difference between bridging and depletion is distinguished by visual appearance, rheological measurements, and small-angle neutron scattering (SANS). SANS measurements of PVP phase separated samples show a loss of the fractal region at low wavevector with increasing polymer concentration in moving from bridge flocculated to the depletion phase separation regime. There was also a concurrent shift in the interaction peak to lower Q values. These two effects signify a decrease in the density of the fractal aggregates with changing phase separation mechanism, consistent with a shift from bridging flocculation to depletion attraction. The ratio of polymer concentration to polymer entanglement concentration (c/c*) required to induce phase separation increases with increasing R g /R in agreement with theoretical predictions of the polymer reference interaction site model (PRISM). This trend opposes classical depletion theories because the classical theories do not account for polymer entanglement, amongst others, by assuming non-interacting polymers that interact as hard spheres. This assumption is clearly violated when R g> R when the nanoparticles can interpenetrate the polymer coils. Cationic nanovesicles are formed by sonication and characterized by viscometry, dynamic light scattering, and small-angle neutron scattering. The phase behavior of PVP - nanovesicle mixtures are measured and compared to the cationic nanoparticle system. Unlike the colloids, the nanovesicles do not phase separate on a short time scale, but rather, become unstable and revert back to the birefringent lamellae structure due to electrostatic repulsion of the charged heard groups. The rate of this coalescence is enhanced by the addition of polymer. This work provides a complete data set exploring bridging flocculation and depletion induced phase separation in the protein limit. As such it can be used to test theoretical work and to provide guidance in formulating polymer - nanoparticle mixtures. Extension to systems of nanovesicles highlights the differences inherent in selfassembled systems as compared to nanoparticles. The results can help guide industrial formulations containing mixtures of polymer, nanoparticles, and surfactant mesophases.
Author : Simon Nilson Petris
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 158 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (223 download)
Download or read book Structure, Thermodynamics and Phase Stability of Charged Colloidal Dispersions written by Simon Nilson Petris and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Won Ki Roh
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (774 download)
Download or read book Phase Behavior of Dipolar Fluids and Ion-dipole Mixtures, and Surface Diffusion of Adsorbed Polymers written by Won Ki Roh and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dipole moments are ubiquitous in nature. Studying dipole moments is the first step toward understanding phase behavior of various colloids with strong dipole moments. Since the Dipolar Hard Sphere fluid (DHS) is the simplest model described by dipolar interactions, studying this model is fundamentally important for understanding the structures and thermodynamics of polar fluids. A variety of unsolved scientific questions arises when the dimensionality of this model is changed and when other species are introduced in this model. Finally, the last part of this dissertation discusses the diffusion behavior of adsorbed polymers over the full concentration range. In Chapter 2, I study the phase behavior of dipolar fluids by means of Monte Carlo simulations. My goal in this chapter is to examine the possibility of phase separation in a dipolar fluid system and to use quantitative structural information to shed light on this controversy. How dimensionality affects the phase behavior of dipolar fluids is an interesting question. Thus, in Chapter 3, I examine the possibility of phase separation in quasi-2D dipolar fluids. In Chapter 4, I proceed to binary systems. Since I have excluded the possibility of phase separation in the DHS system and it is well known that the RPM system exhibits phase separation, these result naturally lead to the question whether phase separation takes place in mixtures that contain ions as well as dipolar particles. I map out the phase diagrams by varying the strength ratio of the dipolar to the ionic interaction and I also locate the critical points. In Chapter 5, I turn to a rather different research topic, namely the dynamics of adsorbed polymers. I employ molecular dynamics to investigate the relation between surface diffusion and conformation of adsorbed polymers over the full coverage range.
Author :
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0080878628
Total Pages : 7752 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (88 download)
Download or read book Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 7752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progress in polymer science is revealed in the chapters of Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference, Ten Volume Set. In Volume 1, this is reflected in the improved understanding of the properties of polymers in solution, in bulk and in confined situations such as in thin films. Volume 2 addresses new characterization techniques, such as high resolution optical microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and other procedures for surface and interface characterization. Volume 3 presents the great progress achieved in precise synthetic polymerization techniques for vinyl monomers to control macromolecular architecture: the development of metallocene and post-metallocene catalysis for olefin polymerization, new ionic polymerization procedures, and atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated polymerization, and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer systems as the most often used controlled/living radical polymerization methods. Volume 4 is devoted to kinetics, mechanisms and applications of ring opening polymerization of heterocyclic monomers and cycloolefins (ROMP), as well as to various less common polymerization techniques. Polycondensation and non-chain polymerizations, including dendrimer synthesis and various "click" procedures, are covered in Volume 5. Volume 6 focuses on several aspects of controlled macromolecular architectures and soft nano-objects including hybrids and bioconjugates. Many of the achievements would have not been possible without new characterization techniques like AFM that allowed direct imaging of single molecules and nano-objects with a precision available only recently. An entirely new aspect in polymer science is based on the combination of bottom-up methods such as polymer synthesis and molecularly programmed self-assembly with top-down structuring such as lithography and surface templating, as presented in Volume 7. It encompasses polymer and nanoparticle assembly in bulk and under confined conditions or influenced by an external field, including thin films, inorganic-organic hybrids, or nanofibers. Volume 8 expands these concepts focusing on applications in advanced technologies, e.g. in electronic industry and centers on combination with top down approach and functional properties like conductivity. Another type of functionality that is of rapidly increasing importance in polymer science is introduced in volume 9. It deals with various aspects of polymers in biology and medicine, including the response of living cells and tissue to the contact with biofunctional particles and surfaces. The last volume is devoted to the scope and potential provided by environmentally benign and green polymers, as well as energy-related polymers. They discuss new technologies needed for a sustainable economy in our world of limited resources. Provides broad and in-depth coverage of all aspects of polymer science from synthesis/polymerization, properties, and characterization methods and techniques to nanostructures, sustainability and energy, and biomedical uses of polymers Provides a definitive source for those entering or researching in this area by integrating the multidisciplinary aspects of the science into one unique, up-to-date reference work Electronic version has complete cross-referencing and multi-media components Volume editors are world experts in their field (including a Nobel Prize winner)
Author : Stephen A. Barr
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (774 download)
Download or read book Structural Properties and Phase Behavior in Colloidal Suspensions written by Stephen A. Barr and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation I present my research on the effective interactions of colloidal particles induced by a smaller species, as well as the structure of colloidal particles undergoing freeze casting. In this research I have used a wide variety of computational techniques in order to understand these systems. Specifically, in Chapter 2 I study nanoparticle haloing in a system of silica microspheres and highly charged polystyrene nanoparticles. Computer simulations are employed to determine the effective microsphere0́3 microsphere potential induced by the nanoparticles. From these simulations I am also able to determine the degree of nanoparticle adsorption on the microsphere surface. In Chapter 3 I investigate the depletion interaction in a system of charged microspheres and rigid rods. The effect of both rod concentration and screening length is explored. In Chapter 4 I study the effective interactions between charged colloids in the presence of multivalent counterions. The role of colloid charge is investigated and the onset of like-charged attraction is determined and compared with theoretical predictions. In order to study this system, I extended the geometric cluster algorithm to efficiently simulate systems interacting through the Coulomb potential. In Chapter 5 computer simulations are employed to elucidate the experimentally observed crystal phases of the Q and MS-2 virus particles in solution with multivalent salt and non-adsorbing polymer. Freeze casting is studied in Chapter 6. In this process colloidal particles are pushed by an advancing ice front. I use molecular dynamics simulations to study the dynamics of the colloidal particles and the resulting structures formed. iii
Author : Marie E. Adams
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 78 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (452 download)
Download or read book Phase Behavior of Mixtures of Colloidal Rods and Spheres written by Marie E. Adams and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
