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Structure And Reactivity Of Coal And Char
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Book Synopsis Solid Fuels and Heavy Hydrocarbon Liquids: Thermal Characterization and Analysis by : Rafael Kandiyoti
Download or read book Solid Fuels and Heavy Hydrocarbon Liquids: Thermal Characterization and Analysis written by Rafael Kandiyoti and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-04-06 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first strand involves a critical overview of the design of experimental methods used for examining the thermal behaviour of solid fuels [pyrolysis, liquefaction and gasification], while the second will emphasise chemical structures and molecular mass distributions of coal derived tars, extracts and pitches, petroleum-derived asphaltenes, and biomass derived heavy hydrocarbon liquids.Two major, interdependent strands in the study of fossil and renewable fuel utilisation are focused on within this text:(i) Thermal characterisation of solid fuels including various ranks of coals, biomass and waste, and, (ii) The analytical characterisation of heavy hydrocarbon liquids, covering coal, petroleum and biomass derived heavy fractions.Two major, interdependent strands in the study of fossil and renewable fuel utilisation are focused on within this text: (i) Thermal characterisation of solid fuels including various ranks of coals, biomass and waste, and, (ii) The analytical characterisation of heavy hydrocarbon liquids, covering coal, petroleum and biomass derived heavy fractions.
Book Synopsis The Structure and Reaction Processes of Coal by : K.Lee Smith
Download or read book The Structure and Reaction Processes of Coal written by K.Lee Smith and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Founded on the work of the renowned Advanced Combustion Engineering Research Center, the authors document and integrate current knowledge of the organic and inorganic structure of coal and its reaction processes. With the urgent need for cleaner, more efficient use of this worldwide fuel, their work will set a clear course for future research.
Book Synopsis Fundamental Issues in Control of Carbon Gasification Reactivity by : L. Lahaye
Download or read book Fundamental Issues in Control of Carbon Gasification Reactivity written by L. Lahaye and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1991-01-31 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade there has been a renewed interest in under standing from a fundamental point of view the gasification of carbon. Basi cally there are two major issues in controlling the reactivity of carbon: i) reduction of the gasification rate of carbon materials in hostile environment ii) increase of the gasification rate in order to utilize carbonaceous compounds more effectively. Although these two objectives look somewhat contradictory, they are part of the general topics of understanding gasification reactivity of carbon. Refractory applications of carbon in furnace linings, seals and vanes, as well as the use of carbon-carbon or carbon-ceramic composites in struc tures able to withstand corrosion at high temperature require a better understanding of the fundamentals involved in carbon-oxidizing gas (02' CO , H 0) reactions. Furthermore a great interest of aluminium producers 2 2 is 10 extending the lifetime of carbon electrodes in alumina electrolysis which primarily depends on reducing their consumption rates by air or carbon dioxide. Proper control of gasification reactions is also of prime importance in manufacturing carbonaceous adsorbents like granular activated carbon clothes of high adsorption characteristics. The balance between increase of porosity and decrease in mechanical strength during activation is critical for developing new porous types of carbon materials in particular for carbon clothes and this can only be achieved by a careful control of the gasification reaction.
Book Synopsis Torrefaction of Biomass for Energy Applications by : Leonel JR Nunes
Download or read book Torrefaction of Biomass for Energy Applications written by Leonel JR Nunes and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-11-21 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Torrefaction of Biomass for Energy Applications: From Fundamentals to Industrial Scale explores the processes, technology, end-use, and economics involved in torrefaction at the industrial scale for heat and power generation. Its authors combine their industry experience with their academic expertise to provide a thorough overview of the topic. Starting at feedstock pretreatment, followed by torrefaction processes, the book includes plant design and operation, safety aspects, and case studies focusing on the needs and challenges of the industrial scale. Commercially available technologies are examined and compared, and their economical evaluation and life cycle assessment are covered as well. Attention is also given to non-woody feedstock, alternative applications, derived fuels, recent advances, and expected future developments. For its practical approach, this book is ideal for professionals in the biomass industry, including those in heat and power generation. It is also a useful reference for researchers and graduate students in the area of biomass and biofuels, and for decision makers, policy makers, and analysts in the energy field. - Compares efficiency and performance of different commercially available technologies from the practical aspects of daily operation in an industrial scale plant - Presents a cost analysis of the production, logistics, and storage of torrefied biomass - Includes case studies addressing challenges that may occur in the daily operation in an industrial scale plant - Covers other associated technologies, the densification of torrefied biomass, and non-woody feedstock
Book Synopsis Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies by : Ting Wang
Download or read book Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies written by Ting Wang and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-26 with total page 929 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) Technologies discusses this innovative power generation technology that combines modern coal gasification technology with both gas turbine and steam turbine power generation, an important emerging technology which has the potential to significantly improve the efficiencies and emissions of coal power plants. The advantages of this technology over conventional pulverized coal power plants include fuel flexibility, greater efficiencies, and very low pollutant emissions. The book reviews the current status and future developments of key technologies involved in IGCC plants and how they can be integrated to maximize efficiency and reduce the cost of electricity generation in a carbon-constrained world. The first part of this book introduces the principles of IGCC systems and the fuel types for use in IGCC systems. The second part covers syngas production within IGCC systems. The third part looks at syngas cleaning, the separation of CO2 and hydrogen enrichment, with final sections describing the gas turbine combined cycle and presenting several case studies of existing IGCC plants. - Provides an in-depth, multi-contributor overview of integrated gasification combined cycle technologies - Reviews the current status and future developments of key technologies involved in IGCC plants - Provides several case studies of existing IGCC plants around the world
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 940 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Coal and Coal-Related Compounds by : Toshiaki Kabe
Download or read book Coal and Coal-Related Compounds written by Toshiaki Kabe and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-11-18 with total page 361 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal is more abundant than petroleum and natural gas. Further, coal is not localized but can be used by many more countries than petroleum. Therefore, if we can establish coal utilization technology, coal will bring about a great contribution to human life and society. On the other hand, shortage of petroleum and natural gas are anticipated in the second half of the 21st century. To compensate, the use of coal is expected to gradually increase during the 21st century. In the future, the development of the coal utilization technology will become more and more important to insure the supply of liquid fuels for transportation and carbon sources for the manufacture of chemicals and plastic materials.In order to develop such technologies, the elucidation of the structure of coal is a fundamental area of study. Further, more efficient coal utilization technology must be established to meet environmental legislation. One of the key technologies for this purpose is catalysis. This volume provides detail of the basic and practical aspects of the science and technology of coal utilization with and without catalysts. The actual structure of coal, the chemistry included in the reactivity of coal, the methods to elucidate the structure of coal and re-action mechanisms of coal conversion, the most important catalyst for converting coal to liquid and gas, the role of the catalysts in coal conversion, the problems in the process engineering, and how to meet environmental regulations are discussed in detail. The recent progress in studies on the structure and reactivity of coal made over the last century is summarized and reviewed with emphasis on both fundamental and applied aspects of the science and technology for coal processing in the presence and absence of catalysts. * This book highlights the issues faced in trying to discover more efficient coal utilization technology.* Provides detailed discussion on how to meet environmental regulations and legislation. * Fills the gap between both the scientific and practical sides of coal utilization with and without catalysts.
Book Synopsis Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat - Volume I by : Gao Jinsheng
Download or read book Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat - Volume I written by Gao Jinsheng and published by EOLSS Publications. This book was released on 2009-04-29 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat is a component of Encyclopedia of Energy Sciences, Engineering and Technology Resources in the global Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems (EOLSS), which is an integrated compendium of twenty one Encyclopedias. The Theme on Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat with contributions from distinguished experts in the field discusses matters of great relevance to our world such as: Coal, Oil Shale, Natural Bitumen, Heavy Oil and Peat; Coal Geology and Geochemistry; Coal Technology; Oil Shale; Natural Bitumen (Tar Sands) and Heavy Oil; Peat and Peatland. These two volumes are aimed at the following five major target audiences: University and College students Educators, Professional practitioners, Research personnel and Policy analysts, managers, and decision makers and NGOs.
Book Synopsis Combustion of Pulverised Coal in a Mixture of Oxygen and Recycled Flue Gas by : Dobrin Toporov
Download or read book Combustion of Pulverised Coal in a Mixture of Oxygen and Recycled Flue Gas written by Dobrin Toporov and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2014-05-30 with total page 199 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Combustion of Pulverised Coal in a Mixture of Oxygen and Recycled Flue Gas focuses on a niche technology, combustion of coal in an oxygen rich environment, which is one approach to obtaining 'clean coal,' by making it easier to capture carbon that is released in the combustion process. Toporov's book breaks ground on covering the key fundamentals of oxycoal technologies, which have not yet been covered in this depth. Combustion of Pulverised Coal in a Mixture of Oxygen and Recycled Flue Gas summarizes the main results from a pioneering work on experimental and numerical investigations of oxyfuel technologies. It provides the theoretical background of the process, the problems to be faced, and the technical solutions that were achieved during these investigations. - Summarizes results from investigations of oxyfuel technologies performed at Aachen University, Germany - Provides theoretical background, as well as the primary problems of these technologies and how they can be solved
Book Synopsis Structure and Reactivity of Coal by : Ke-Chang Xie
Download or read book Structure and Reactivity of Coal written by Ke-Chang Xie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-06-09 with total page 416 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides insights into the development and usage of coal in chemical engineering. The reactivity of coal in processes such as pyrolysis, gasification, liquefaction, combustion and swelling is related to its structural properties. Using experimental findings and theoretical analysis, the book comprehensively answers three crucial issues that are fundamental to the optimization of coal chemical conversions: What is the structure of coal? How does the underlying structure determine the reactivity of different types of coal? How does the structure of coal alter during coal conversion? This book will be of interest to both individual readers and institutions involved in teaching and research into chemical engineering and energy conversion technologies. It is aimed at advanced- level undergraduate students. The text is suitable for readers with a basic knowledge of chemistry, such as first-year undergraduate general science students. Higher-level students with an in-depth understanding of the chemistry of coal will also benefit from the book. It will provide a useful reference resource for students and university-level teachers, as well as practicing engineers.
Book Synopsis Coal-Fired Power Generation Handbook by : James G. Speight
Download or read book Coal-Fired Power Generation Handbook written by James G. Speight and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-05-21 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most complete and up-to-date handbook on power generation from coal, this book covers all of today's new, cleaner methods for creating electricity from coal, the environmental challenges and concerns involved in its production, and developing technologies Coal accounts for approximately one quarter of world energy consumption. Of the coal produced worldwide, approximately 65% is shipped to electricity producers and 33% to industrial consumers, and most of the remainder goes to consumers in the residential and commercial sectors. The total share of total world energy consumption by coal is expected to increase to almost 30% in 2035. This handbook describes the challenges and steps by which electricity is produced from coal and deals with the challenges for removing the environmental objections to the use of coal in future power plants. New technologies are described that could virtually eliminate the sulfur, nitrogen, and mercury pollutants that are released when coal is burned for electricity generation. In addition, technologies for the capture of greenhouse gases emitted from coal-fired power plants are described and the means of preventing such emissions from contributing to global warming concerns.
Book Synopsis Pulverized-Coal Combustion and Gasification by : L. Smoot
Download or read book Pulverized-Coal Combustion and Gasification written by L. Smoot and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-03-04 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: viii and approaches could be adapted to other coal conversion and combustion problems, we have not considered combustion or gasification in fluidized or fixed beds or in situ processes. In addition, we have not considered other fossil-fuel combustion problems associated with oil shale, tar sands, etc., even though many aspects of pulverized-coal combustion would relate to these problems. For the case of pulverized-coal models, we have attempted to provide a detailed description of the model foundations. Parts I and II of this book emphasize general principles for describing reacting, turbulent or laminar, multiphase systems. General conservation equations are developed and summarized. The basis for computing thermochemical equilibrium in complex, heterogeneous mixtures is presented, together with techniques for rapid computation and reference to required input data. Rate processes are then discussed, including pertinent aspects of turbulence, chemical kinetics, radiative heat transfer, and gas-particle convective-diffusive interactions. Much of Part II deals with parameters and coefficients for describing these complex rate processes. This part of the book provides recommended values of coefficients and parameters for treating complex reacting flows. Parts I and II may well be suitable for use in an advanced course in reacting flows, and have been written partly with that in mind. Part III deals with more specific aspects of pulverized-coal characteristics and rate processes. Following a general description of coal structure and constitution, coal pyrolysis and char oxidation processes are considered.
Book Synopsis Gas, Water and Solid Waste Treatment Technology by : Zhien Zhang
Download or read book Gas, Water and Solid Waste Treatment Technology written by Zhien Zhang and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-09-01 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces a variety of treatment technologies, such as physical, chemical, and biological methods for the treatment of gas emissions, wastewater, and solid waste. It provides a useful source of information for engineers and specialists, as well as for undergraduate and postgraduate students, in the areas of environmental science and engineering.
Download or read book Energy Research Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1993-02 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis 1991 International Conference on Coal Science Proceedings by : Sam Stuart
Download or read book 1991 International Conference on Coal Science Proceedings written by Sam Stuart and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2013-09-17 with total page 1057 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 1991 International Conference on Coal Science Proceedings
Book Synopsis Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis by : Prabir Basu
Download or read book Biomass Gasification and Pyrolysis written by Prabir Basu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 377 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers comprehensive coverage of the design, analysis, and operational aspects of biomass gasification, the key technology enabling the production of biofuels from all viable sources--some examples being sugar cane and switchgrass. This versatile resource not only explains the basic principles of energy conversion systems, but also provides valuable insight into the design of biomass gasifiers. The author provides many worked out design problems, step-by-step design procedures and real data on commercially operating systems. After fossil fuels, biomass is the most widely used fuel in the world. Biomass resources show a considerable potential in the long term if residues are properly handled and dedicated energy crops are grown. Includes step-by-step design procedures and case studies for Biomass GasificationProvides worked process flow diagrams for gasifier design. Covers integration with other technologies (e.g. gas turbine, engine, fuel cells)
Book Synopsis Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World by : Haiying Qi
Download or read book Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World written by Haiying Qi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-19 with total page 1306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cleaner Combustion and Sustainable World is the proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on Coal Combustion which has a significant international influence. It concerns basic research on coal combustion and clean utilization, techniques and equipments of pulverized coal combustion, techniques and equipments of fluidized bed combustion, basic research and techniques of emission control, basic research and application techniques of carbon capture and storage (CCS), etc. Professor Haiying Qi and Bo Zhao both work at the Tsinghua University, China
