Structure And Diversity

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Plant Functional Diversity

Author : Eric Garnier
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0198757379
Total Pages : 255 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (987 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Functional Diversity by : Eric Garnier

Download or read book Plant Functional Diversity written by Eric Garnier and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological diversity, the variety of living organisms on Earth, is traditionally viewed as the diversity of taxa, and species in particular. However, other facets of diversity also need to be considered for a comprehensive understanding of evolutionary and ecological processes. This novel book demonstrates the advantages of adopting a functional approach to diversity in order to improve our understanding of the functioning of ecological systems and theircomponents. The focus is on plants, which are major components of these systems, and for which the functional approach has led to major scientific advances over the last 20 years. PlantFunctional Diversity presents the rationale for a trait-based approach to functional diversity in the context of comparative plant ecology and agroecology. It demonstrates how this approach can be used to address a number of highly debated questions in plant ecology pertaining to plant responses to their environment, controls on plant community structure, ecosystem properties, and the services these deliver to human societies. This research level text will be of particular relevance and use tograduate students and professional researchers in plant ecology, agricultural sciences and conservation biology.

Continuous Cover Forestry

Author : Timo Pukkala
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400722028
Total Pages : 298 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (7 download)

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Book Synopsis Continuous Cover Forestry by : Timo Pukkala

Download or read book Continuous Cover Forestry written by Timo Pukkala and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-14 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although the majority of the world’s forest ecosystems are dominated by uneven-sized multi-species stands, forest management practice and theory has focused on the development of plantation monocultures to maximize the supply of timber at low cost. Societal expectations are changing, however, and uneven-aged multi-species ecosystems, selectively managed as Continuous Cover Forestry (CCF), are often believed to be superior to monocultures in addressing a wide range of expectations. This book presents methods which are relevant to CCF management and planning: analysing forest structures, silvicultural and planning, economic evaluation, based on examples in Europe, Asia, Africa and North and South America.

The Chief Diversity Officer

Author : Damon A. Williams
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000981460
Total Pages : 297 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Chief Diversity Officer by : Damon A. Williams

Download or read book The Chief Diversity Officer written by Damon A. Williams and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume addresses the role of chief diversity officers as coordinating and integrating diversity leaders in higher education and other sectors.Having established in a companion volume the parameters for an effective diversity strategy, the authors address such questions as: What is a chief diversity officer? How might we create dynamic chief diversity officer infrastructures? What models of CDO structure exist in the academy? What misperceptions often confound the work of officers and the institutions they work within? What key competencies are necessary to lead as a CDO? How does the CDO role compare across higher education, non-profit, and corporate sectors? And how might the role serve as an important contributor to a collaborative vision for change and transformation in the academy?This book begins by delineating the evolution of the chief diversity officer role in the academy. Drawing on extensive qualitative and quantitative research on CDOs conducted for the purposes of this volume, it describes how the scope and responsibilities are variously defined at the organizations where the position has been created, and offers insights into the complexities and challenges of the role.On the basis of this data and the literature on organizational design and change management, the authors define the requisite skills, knowledge and background to be effective, review the alternative organizational and governance structures under which CDOs operate, and in so doing present the Chief Diversity Officer Development Framework as a basis for recruiting candidates, for structuring the position to succeed, and for providing prospective and incumbent CDOs with a realistic sense of the scope of the role.This title is also available in a set with its companion volume, Strategic Diversity Leadership.

Biological Diversity

Author : Michael A. Huston
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
ISBN 13 : 9780521369305
Total Pages : 708 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (693 download)

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Book Synopsis Biological Diversity by : Michael A. Huston

Download or read book Biological Diversity written by Michael A. Huston and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1994-09-15 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The key to preserving and managing biodiversity is understanding which processes are important at different scales, and how changes affect different components of biodiversity. In this book, existing theories on diversity are synthesised into a logical framework. Global and landscape-scale patterns of biodiversity are described in the first section. In the second, the spatial and temporal dynamics of diversity are emphasised. The third section develops an integrated set of mechanistic explanations for diversity patterns at the levels of population, community, ecosystem and landscape. Finally, case studies examine diversity patterns in marine and terrestrial ecosystems and the effects of biological invasions. The book concludes with a discussion of the economics of preserving biological diversity. This book will interest research workers and students of ecology, biology and conservation.

Plant Genome Diversity Volume 2

Author : Johann Greilhuber
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3709111609
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Plant Genome Diversity Volume 2 by : Johann Greilhuber

Download or read book Plant Genome Diversity Volume 2 written by Johann Greilhuber and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-11-13 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second of two volumes on Plant Genome Diversity provides, in 20 chapters, insights into the structural evolution of plant genomes with all its variations. Starting with an outline of plant phylogeny and its reconstruction, the second part of the volume describes the architecture and dynamics of the plant cell nucleus, the third examines the evolution and diversity of the karyotype in various lineages, including angiosperms, gymnosperms and monilophytes. The fourth part presents the mechanisms of polyploidization and its biological consequences and significance for land plant evolution. The fifth part deals with genome size evolution and its biological significance. Together with Volume I, this comprehensive book on the plant genome is intended for students and professionals in all fields of plant science, offering as it does a convenient entry into a burgeoning literature in a fast-moving field.

Diversity of Functional Traits and Interactions

Author : Akihiko Mougi
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 9811579539
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (115 download)

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Book Synopsis Diversity of Functional Traits and Interactions by : Akihiko Mougi

Download or read book Diversity of Functional Traits and Interactions written by Akihiko Mougi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-30 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents new theoretical perspectives on ecological community dynamics and in so doing casts fresh light on the enduring complexity–stability debate. Real ecological communities do not simply comprise diverse species and interactions, which respectively represented the nodes and links of the classic network theory. Rather, they are characterized by different types of complexity, and this book explains how this diversity of complexity is key to understanding the dynamics of ecological communities. It is shown how various properties in natural communities, such as life history, adaptation, density dependence, sex, interaction types, space, functional traits, and microbial processes, can dramatically increase the complexity in ecological communities. Furthermore, innovative methods are introduced that may be applied to cast light on very complex communities. With each chapter presenting the latest advances and approaches, the book sets the direction for future research on ecological community dynamics. It will be a “must read” for researchers and students in the field of ecology.

Scale, Heterogeneity, and the Structure and Diversity of Ecological Communities

Author : Mark E. Ritchie
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 248 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Scale, Heterogeneity, and the Structure and Diversity of Ecological Communities by : Mark E. Ritchie

Download or read book Scale, Heterogeneity, and the Structure and Diversity of Ecological Communities written by Mark E. Ritchie and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding and predicting species diversity in ecological communities is one of the great challenges in community ecology. Popular recent theory contends that the traits of species are "neutral" or unimportant to coexistence, yet abundant experimental evidence suggests that multiple species are able to coexist on the same limiting resource precisely because they differ in key traits, such as body size, diet, and resource demand. This book presents a new theory of coexistence that incorporates two important aspects of biodiversity in nature--scale and spatial variation in the supply of limiting resources. Introducing an innovative model that uses fractal geometry to describe the complex physical structure of nature, Mark Ritchie shows how species traits, particularly body size, lead to spatial patterns of resource use that allow species to coexist. He explains how this criterion for coexistence can be converted into a "rule" for how many species can be "packed" into an environment given the supply of resources and their spatial variability. He then demonstrates how this rule can be used to predict a range of patterns in ecological communities, such as body-size distributions, species-abundance distributions, and species-area relations. Ritchie illustrates how the predictions closely match data from many real communities, including those of mammalian herbivores, grasshoppers, dung beetles, and birds. This book offers a compelling alternative to "neutral" theory in community ecology, one that helps us better understand patterns of biodiversity across the Earth.

Diversity Across the Disciplines

Author : Audrey J. Murrell
Publisher : IAP
ISBN 13 : 1641139218
Total Pages : 351 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (411 download)

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Book Synopsis Diversity Across the Disciplines by : Audrey J. Murrell

Download or read book Diversity Across the Disciplines written by Audrey J. Murrell and published by IAP. This book was released on 2019-12-01 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diversity research and scholarship has evolved over the past several decades and is now reaching a critical juncture. While the scholarship on diversity and inclusion has advanced within various disciplines and subdisciplines, there have been limited conversations and collaborations across distinct areas of research. Theories, paradigms, research models and methodologies have evolved but continue to remain locked within specific area, disciplines, or theoretical canons. This collaborative edited volume examines diversity across disciplines in higher education. Our book brings together contributions from the arts, sciences, and professional fields. In order to advance diversity and inclusion across campuses, multiple disciplinary perspectives need to be acknowledged and considered broadly. The current higher education climate necessitates multicultural and interdisciplinary collaboration. Global partnerships and technological advances require faculty, administrators, and graduate students to reach beyond their disciplinary focus to achieve successful programs and research projects. We need to become more familiar discussing diversity across disciplines. Our book investigates diversity across disciplines with attention to people, process, policies, and paradigms. The four thematic categories of people, process, policies, and paradigms describe the multidisciplinary nature of diversity and topics relevant to faculty, administrators, and students in higher education. The framework provides a structure to understand the ways in which people are impacted by diversity and the complicated process of engaging with diversity in a variety of contexts. Policies draw attention to the dynamic nature of diversity across disciplines and paradigms presents models of diversity in research and education.

The Science of Diversity

Author : Mona Sue Weissmark
Publisher : Oxford University Press
ISBN 13 : 0190686367
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis The Science of Diversity by : Mona Sue Weissmark

Download or read book The Science of Diversity written by Mona Sue Weissmark and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-05-01 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science of Diversity uses a multidisciplinary approach to excavate the theories, principles, and paradigms that illuminate our understanding of the issues surrounding human diversity, social equality, and justice. The book brings these to the surface holistically, examining diversity at the individual, interpersonal, and international levels. Shedding light on why diversity programs fail, the book provides tools to understand how biases develop and influence our relationships and interactions with others.

Diversity and Complexity

Author : Scott E. Page
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400835143
Total Pages : 304 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Diversity and Complexity by : Scott E. Page

Download or read book Diversity and Complexity written by Scott E. Page and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-11-08 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to the role of diversity in complex adaptive systems. A complex system--such as an economy or a tropical ecosystem--consists of interacting adaptive entities that produce dynamic patterns and structures. Diversity plays a different role in a complex system than it does in an equilibrium system, where it often merely produces variation around the mean for performance measures. In complex adaptive systems, diversity makes fundamental contributions to system performance. Scott Page gives a concise primer on how diversity happens, how it is maintained, and how it affects complex systems. He explains how diversity underpins system level robustness, allowing for multiple responses to external shocks and internal adaptations; how it provides the seeds for large events by creating outliers that fuel tipping points; and how it drives novelty and innovation. Page looks at the different kinds of diversity--variations within and across types, and distinct community compositions and interaction structures--and covers the evolution of diversity within complex systems and the factors that determine the amount of maintained diversity within a system. Provides a concise and accessible introduction Shows how diversity underpins robustness and fuels tipping points Covers all types of diversity The essential primer on diversity in complex adaptive systems

Opportunities in Biology

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies
ISBN 13 : 0309039274
Total Pages : 471 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Opportunities in Biology by : National Research Council

Download or read book Opportunities in Biology written by National Research Council and published by National Academies. This book was released on 1989-01-01 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biology has entered an era in which interdisciplinary cooperation is at an all-time high, practical applications follow basic discoveries more quickly than ever before, and new technologiesâ€"recombinant DNA, scanning tunneling microscopes, and moreâ€"are revolutionizing the way science is conducted. The potential for scientific breakthroughs with significant implications for society has never been greater. Opportunities in Biology reports on the state of the new biology, taking a detailed look at the disciplines of biology; examining the advances made in medicine, agriculture, and other fields; and pointing out promising research opportunities. Authored by an expert panel representing a variety of viewpoints, this volume also offers recommendations on how to meet the infrastructure needsâ€"for funding, effective information systems, and other supportâ€"of future biology research. Exploring what has been accomplished and what is on the horizon, Opportunities in Biology is an indispensable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in all subdisciplines of biology as well as for research administrators and those in funding agencies.

The Functional Consequences of Biodiversity

Author : Ann P. Kinzig
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 0691088225
Total Pages : 393 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis The Functional Consequences of Biodiversity by : Ann P. Kinzig

Download or read book The Functional Consequences of Biodiversity written by Ann P. Kinzig and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does biodiversity influence how ecosystems function? Might diversity loss affect the ability of ecosystems to deliver services of benefit to humankind? Ecosystems provide food, fuel, fiber, and drinkable water, regulate local and regional climate, and recycle needed nutrients, among other things. An ecosyste's ability to sustain functioning may depend on the number of species residing in the ecosystem--its biological diversity--but this has been a controversial hypothesis. There are many unanswered questions about how and why changes in biodiversity could alter ecosystem functioning. This volume, written by top researchers, synthesizes empirical studies on the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning and extends that knowledge using a novel and coordinated set of models and theoretical approaches. These experimental and theoretical analyses demonstrate that functioning usually increases with biodiversity, but also reveals when and under what circumstances other relationships between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning might occur. It also accounts for apparent changes in diversity-functioning relationships that emerge over time in disturbed ecosystems, thereby addressing a major controversy in the field. The volume concludes with a blueprint for moving beyond small-scale studies to regional ones--a move of enormous significance for policy and conservation but one that will entail tackling some of the most fundamental challenges in ecology. In addition to the editors, the contributors are Juan Armesto, Claudia Neuhauser, Andy Hector, Clarence Lehman, Peter Kareiva, Sharon Lawler, Peter Chesson, Teri Balser, Mary K. Firestone, Robert Holt, Michel Loreau, Johannes Knops, David Wedin, Peter Reich, Shahid Naeem, Bernhard Schmid, Jasmin Joshi, and Felix Schläpfer.

Design for Diversity

Author : Emily Talen
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 1136411445
Total Pages : 245 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (364 download)

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Book Synopsis Design for Diversity by : Emily Talen

Download or read book Design for Diversity written by Emily Talen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 245 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The city is more than just a sum of its buildings; it is the sum of its communities. The most successful urban communities are very often those that are the most diverse – in terms of income, age, family structure and ethnicity – and yet poor urban design and planning can stifle the very diversity that makes communities successful. Just as poor urban design can lead to sterile monoculture, successful planning can support the conditions needed for diverse communities. Emily Talen explores the linkage between urban forms and social diversity, and how one impacts the other. Learning the lessons from past successes and failures, and building from detailed case studies of different neighborhoods, Design for Diversity provides urban designers and architects with design strategies and tools to ensure that their work sustains and nurtures social diversity.

Strategic Diversity Leadership

Author : Damon A. Williams
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
ISBN 13 : 1000978125
Total Pages : 310 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Strategic Diversity Leadership by : Damon A. Williams

Download or read book Strategic Diversity Leadership written by Damon A. Williams and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In today’s world – whether viewed through a lens of educational attainment, economic development, global competitiveness, leadership capacity, or social justice and equity – diversity is not just the right thing to do, it is the only thing to do! Following the era of civil rights in the 1960s and ‘70s, the 1990s and early 21st century have seen both retrenchment and backlash years, but also a growing recognition, particularly in business and the military, that we have to educate and develop the capacities of our citizens from all levels of society and all demographic and social groups to live fulfilling lives in an inter-connected globe.For higher education that means not only increasing the numbers of diverse students, faculty, and staff, but simultaneously pursuing excellence in student learning and development, as well as through research and scholarship – in other words pursuing what this book defines as strategic diversity leadership. The aim is to create systems that enable every student, faculty, and staff member to thrive and achieve to maximum potential within a diversity framework. This book is written from the perspective that diversity work is best approached as an intellectual endeavor with a pragmatic focus on achieving results that takes an evidence-based approach to operationalizing diversity. It offers an overarching conceptual framework for pursuing diversity in a national and international context; delineates and describes the competencies, knowledge and skills needed to take effective leadership in matters of diversity; offers new data about related practices in higher education; and presents and evaluates a range of strategies, organizational structures and models drawn from institutions of all types and sizes. It covers such issues as the reorganization of the existing diversity infrastructure, building accountability systems, assessing the diversity process, and addressing legal threats to implementation. Its purpose is to help strategic diversity leaders combine big-picture thinking with an on-the-ground understanding of organizational reality and work strategically with key stakeholders and allies. This book is intended for presidents, provosts, chief diversity officers or diversity professionals, and anyone who wants to champion diversity and embed its objectives on his or her campus, whether at the level of senior administration, as members of campus organizations or committees, or as faculty, student affairs professionals or students taking a leadership role in making and studying the process of change.This title is also available in a set with its companion volume, The Chief Diversity Officer.

Understanding Institutional Diversity

Author : Elinor Ostrom
Publisher : Princeton University Press
ISBN 13 : 1400831733
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (8 download)

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Book Synopsis Understanding Institutional Diversity by : Elinor Ostrom

Download or read book Understanding Institutional Diversity written by Elinor Ostrom and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2009-11-13 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The analysis of how institutions are formed, how they operate and change, and how they influence behavior in society has become a major subject of inquiry in politics, sociology, and economics. A leader in applying game theory to the understanding of institutional analysis, Elinor Ostrom provides in this book a coherent method for undertaking the analysis of diverse economic, political, and social institutions. Understanding Institutional Diversity explains the Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) framework, which enables a scholar to choose the most relevant level of interaction for a particular question. This framework examines the arena within which interactions occur, the rules employed by participants to order relationships, the attributes of a biophysical world that structures and is structured by interactions, and the attributes of a community in which a particular arena is placed. The book explains and illustrates how to use the IAD in the context of both field and experimental studies. Concentrating primarily on the rules aspect of the IAD framework, it provides empirical evidence about the diversity of rules, the calculation process used by participants in changing rules, and the design principles that characterize robust, self-organized resource governance institutions.

Human Diversity

Author : Charles Murray
Publisher : Hachette UK
ISBN 13 : 1538744007
Total Pages : 689 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (387 download)

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Book Synopsis Human Diversity by : Charles Murray

Download or read book Human Diversity written by Charles Murray and published by Hachette UK. This book was released on 2020-01-28 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All people are equal but, as Human Diversity explores, all groups of people are not the same -- a fascinating investigation of the genetics and neuroscience of human differences. The thesis of Human Diversity is that advances in genetics and neuroscience are overthrowing an intellectual orthodoxy that has ruled the social sciences for decades. The core of the orthodoxy consists of three dogmas: - Gender is a social construct. - Race is a social construct. - Class is a function of privilege. The problem is that all three dogmas are half-truths. They have stifled progress in understanding the rich texture that biology adds to our understanding of the social, political, and economic worlds we live in. It is not a story to be feared. "There are no monsters in the closet," Murray writes, "no dread doors we must fear opening." But it is a story that needs telling. Human Diversity does so without sensationalism, drawing on the most authoritative scientific findings, celebrating both our many differences and our common humanity.

Spores of the Pteridophyta

Author : Alice F. Tryon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1461389917
Total Pages : 659 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (613 download)

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Book Synopsis Spores of the Pteridophyta by : Alice F. Tryon

Download or read book Spores of the Pteridophyta written by Alice F. Tryon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book constitutes a unique, encyclopedic reference work that systematizes and categorizes for the first time in such comprehensive fashion all known fern spores. The dominant feature of the work are the over 350 plates of electron micrographs showing the morphological characteristics of typical representatives of each spore type. The purpose of the book is to provide a complete survey of the available data on the fine structure and composition, development, and evolu- tionary significance of different types of spore walls, which have proven resistant to fossilization throughout geological ages. The classification system developed by the authors as the result of many years of research will be a point of reference, if not "the" systematic basis, for all future publication on the subject. The book will be of great interest to all botanists and evolutionary biologists working with spores and/or ferns, but it will also be of major importance to paleobotanists, palynologists, stratigraphers, and exploration geologists, since the focus of this treatise is on spores as highly adapted and longlived reproductive forms.