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Structural Reform In Germany
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Book Synopsis Structural Reform in Germany by : Mr.Tom Krebs
Download or read book Structural Reform in Germany written by Mr.Tom Krebs and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-04-25 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a quantitative evaluation of the macroeconomic, distributional, and fiscal effects of three reform proposals for Germany: i) a reduction in the social security tax in the low-wage sector, ii) a publicly financed expansion of full-day child care and full-day schooling, and iii) the further deregulation of the professional services sector. The analysis is based on a macroeconomic model with physical capital, human capital, job search, and household heterogeneity. All three reforms have positive short-run and long-run effects on employment, wages, and output. The quantitative effects of the deregulation reform are relatively small due to the smal size of professional services in Germany. Policy reforms i) and ii) have substantial macroeconomic effects and positive distributional consequences. Ten years after implementation, reforms i) and ii) taken together increase employment by 1.6 percent, potential output by 1.5 percent, real hourly pre-tax wages in the low-wage sector by 3 percent, and real hourly pre-tax wages of women with children by 2.7 percent. The two reforms create fiscal deficits in the short run, but they also generate substantial fiscal surpluses in the long-run. They are fiscally efficient in the sense that the present value of short-term fiscal deficits and long-term surpluses is positive for any interest (discount) rate less than 9 percent.
Book Synopsis Structural Reform in Germany by : Tom Krebs
Download or read book Structural Reform in Germany written by Tom Krebs and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural Reforms by : Jakob de Haan
Download or read book Structural Reforms written by Jakob de Haan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-03-22 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a selection of contributions on the timely topic of structural reforms in Western economies, written by experts from central banks, the International Monetary Fund, and leading universities. It includes latest research on the impacts of structural reforms on the market economy, especially on the labor market, and investigates the results of collective bargaining in theory and practice. The book also comprises case studies of structural reforms. A literature survey on the topic serves as a valuable source for further research. The book is written by and targeted at both academics and policy makers.
Book Synopsis Restructuring the German Welfare State. Health Care Policy and Reform in Germany by : Christiane Landsiedel
Download or read book Restructuring the German Welfare State. Health Care Policy and Reform in Germany written by Christiane Landsiedel and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2005-04-04 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Sociology - Politics, Majorities, Minorities, grade: A, University of Dalarna (Political Sociology), course: Restructuring the Welfare State, language: English, abstract: As health care is among the most personal issues, this is one reason why it is also among the most politically discussed as cost containment has become a priority of health care policy. Health care has consumed a large and growing portion of social spending in all advanced industrialised societies, particularly in the last decade. This cost explosion coincided with the global economic slowdown and worries about the fiscal viability of the welfare state. Reasons for escalating health care costs are, although to varying degrees, common to Western countries. The health care sector provides fertile ground for technological innovations that may prolong life but at considerable expense. Moreover, once these discoveries are made, it is extremely difficult for insurers or governments to limit their provision, as patients demand access to these treatments. Furthermore, the aging population of Western countries has direct consequences for health care because older persons are more likely to be in need of cost intensive treatment and/or care due to acute illness or chronic conditions. At the same time, birth rates are no longer balanced with increasing longevity, so that there will be fewer working age persons in the future to bear the financial requirements for elderly care. Governments and employers claimed that health care costs posed immediate and longterm problems and began to search for ways to address them. The ‘new politics of the welfare state’ – Pierson’s (1996) famous concept, which deals with welfare state reform in the face of changing demographic and tougher economic conditions – has also modified the position of diverse welfare state stakeholders. The actions and preferences of payers and the state are determined by the prevailing health care system as well as by the political system and whether it provides them an opportunity to influence health policies.
Book Synopsis Germany's Growth Potential, Structural Reforms and Global Imbalances by : Isabell Koske
Download or read book Germany's Growth Potential, Structural Reforms and Global Imbalances written by Isabell Koske and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural Reform in Germany by : Mr.Tom Krebs
Download or read book Structural Reform in Germany written by Mr.Tom Krebs and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2016-04-26 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper provides a quantitative evaluation of the macroeconomic, distributional, and fiscal effects of three reform proposals for Germany: i) a reduction in the social security tax in the low-wage sector, ii) a publicly financed expansion of full-day child care and full-day schooling, and iii) the further deregulation of the professional services sector. The analysis is based on a macroeconomic model with physical capital, human capital, job search, and household heterogeneity. All three reforms have positive short-run and long-run effects on employment, wages, and output. The quantitative effects of the deregulation reform are relatively small due to the smal size of professional services in Germany. Policy reforms i) and ii) have substantial macroeconomic effects and positive distributional consequences. Ten years after implementation, reforms i) and ii) taken together increase employment by 1.6 percent, potential output by 1.5 percent, real hourly pre-tax wages in the low-wage sector by 3 percent, and real hourly pre-tax wages of women with children by 2.7 percent. The two reforms create fiscal deficits in the short run, but they also generate substantial fiscal surpluses in the long-run. They are fiscally efficient in the sense that the present value of short-term fiscal deficits and long-term surpluses is positive for any interest (discount) rate less than 9 percent.
Book Synopsis OECD Economic Surveys: Germany 1997 by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Economic Surveys: Germany 1997 written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 1997-08-12 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 1997 edition of OECD's periodic review of Germany's economy includes special features on the health sector and on structural reform.
Book Synopsis Structural Reforms Without Prejudices by : Tito Boeri
Download or read book Structural Reforms Without Prejudices written by Tito Boeri and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2006-06-15 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our economies face constant challenges from many different directions. Structural reforms are implemented every day, either to grasp the benefits of globalization and technological change, or to avoid foundering on unaffordable welfare systems or the rise of new economies. Despite this flurry of reforms, many of their effects are insufficiently understood. What makes reforms a success or a failure? Why do we witness systematically ambivalent attitudes to reforms? Can governments implement reforms differently, without inflicting prejudice to large fringes of the population? This book explores these issues by comparing a number of reforms, across a large set of countries and sectors. First, through an innovative multisectorial input-output analysis, the authors compare the effects of liberalisation reforms in the telecommunication and electricity sectors across Europe. Surprisingly, they find that very similar and well-intended reforms can generate highly contrasted outcomes. It is also shown that governments must consider the effects of each reform on all sectors of the economy. Second, the authors explore how governments can tailor their reform strategy to alter the redistributive effects of reforms. They show that the government's approach to reforms has been very different across time and across countries. A government's approach depends on local institutions, on the nature of the opposition, and on the scope of the reform under way. The authors, however, show that governments do have alternatives. Often, there are ways to tailor reforms so as to protect specific parts of the population; and there are ways to experiment gradually, to avoid costly policy mistakes.
Author :International Monetary Fund Publisher :International Monetary Fund ISBN 13 :9781557750884 Total Pages :122 pages Book Rating :4.7/5 (58 download)
Book Synopsis Federal Republic of Germany by : International Monetary Fund
Download or read book Federal Republic of Germany written by International Monetary Fund and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1989-01-27 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This chapter reviews recent economic developments and economic prospects in which the emergence of the principal imbalances is traced, and their persistent character highlighted in the Federal Republic of Germany. On macroeconomic policies, while one might quibble about the rate of expansion of the money supply or the timing of tax reduction and reform, the paper does not find major errors in the formulation or implementation of policies that would account for the principal economic imbalances. The need to reduce rules and regulations, which act to limit the flexibility and dynamism of the German economy, has been reinforced by the objective of fully liberalizing trade in services within the European Community by 1992. The banking industry is exempt from the provisions of the antitrust law, which prohibits restraints on competition, price collusion, and other collusive agreements. Among economists, there is a broad agreement that structural reforms in Germany would greatly improve economic performance and contribute to external adjustment.
Book Synopsis Subsidization and Structural Change in Eastern Germany by : Katja Gerling
Download or read book Subsidization and Structural Change in Eastern Germany written by Katja Gerling and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2002-06-20 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Economic policy interventions of a scale as effected in Eastern Germany can be expected to have a significant impact on the economy. The question whether investment subsidization as a core policy instrument is a suitable measure to initiate a self-sustaining upswing in the Eastern German economy and an improvement of living standards has been reason for dispute since the beginning of transition. Using econometric techniques, the study analyzes the effects of investment subsidies on economic structure, employment and productivity in the Eastern German industry. The study suggests that there is a need for redesigning subsidization and changing infrastructure and labor market policies.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Structural Reforms in Europe by : Nauro F. Campos
Download or read book The Political Economy of Structural Reforms in Europe written by Nauro F. Campos and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reforms in labour and product markets play a central role in government policies. The Political Economy of Structural Reforms in Europe takes stock of current frontier work. It brings together leading contributions from academia, the central banks in Europe, and the OECD to argue that structural reforms can make a fundamental contribution to improve economic performance across Europe. The Political Economy of Structural Reforms in Europe brings together theoretical and empirical studies that address the potential role of structural reforms in restoring macroeconomic stability, resuming economic growth, addressing income inequality, and grappling secular stagnation. It throws new light on the determinants and effects of structural reforms and on how these shape the European integration experience.
Book Synopsis Labour Market Reform in Germany by : Heinz Jansen
Download or read book Labour Market Reform in Germany written by Heinz Jansen and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent employment statistics indicate a remarkable change from historical patterns,which have shown a strong increase in structural unemployment in each of the last three decades. Although the German economy did not grow in 2003, employment has contracted by only 1%, while unemployment has even started to fall mildly since Spring 2003. This note surveys whether these changes can be attributed to actual changes related in particular to the Hartzʺ labour market reforms, which brought a wide array of individual measures to ease labour market rigidities. It is shown that, while changes in the way unemployment is registered explains much of the statistical change, there are indeed also first signs that the labour market is becoming more flexible. The full impact of labour market reforms will,however, only become visible over the next few years. The extent to which these measures will prove effective also depends crucially on their being accompanied by structural reforms in other parts of the economy.
Book Synopsis The Political Economy of Germany under Chancellors Kohl and Schröder by : Jeremy Leaman
Download or read book The Political Economy of Germany under Chancellors Kohl and Schröder written by Jeremy Leaman and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2009-07-01 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While unification has undoubtedly had major effects on Germany's political economy, the pattern of current policy-making preferences was established at an earlier stage, in particular, at the beginning of the 'Kohl-era' in 1982. This essentially neo-liberal pattern can be seen to have dominated the modalities chosen to guide Germany through the process of unifi cation and was mirrored in developments in other OECD countries and in particular within the EU. This book demonstrates that the three policy imperatives (neo-liberal structural reform, European monetary integration, and unification) produced a policy-mix which, together with other structural economic and demographic factors, has had disappointing results in all three areas and hampered Germany's overall economic development.
Book Synopsis Impact of the Labour Legislation Reform in Germany by : Matthias Knuth
Download or read book Impact of the Labour Legislation Reform in Germany written by Matthias Knuth and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radical labour market reforms were implemented in Germany between 2002 and 2005, reforms that overturned the received idea that Germany was suffering from "reform paralysis". However, the part of these reforms that specifically concerned labour law was very small; their main purpose was to overhaul the social security and activation system for the unemployed and others of working age who are in need of support in line with a "work first" strategy. These reforms were extremely controversial and changed the party-political landscape in Germany. Shortly after the reforms were introduced, a trend reversal took place on the German labour market: unemployment fell, employment with mandatory social insurance contributions picked up again, and the German labour market proved extraordinarily resilient through the 2008-2009 financial and economic crisis. Since then, the German economy has been so strong as to arouse increasing concern about economic imbalances within Europe. At the same time, however, neighbouring European countries are endeavouring to emulate Germany's supposed path to success by implementing "structural reforms" along the lines of the German model, in the hope of achieving similar results.
Book Synopsis Innovative Agents Versus Immovable Objects by : Sabina Johanna Stiller
Download or read book Innovative Agents Versus Immovable Objects written by Sabina Johanna Stiller and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries by : Mr.Jonathan David Ostry
Download or read book Structural Reforms and Economic Performance in Advanced and Developing Countries written by Mr.Jonathan David Ostry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2009-10-15 with total page 62 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the impact on economic performance of structural policies-policies that increase the role of market forces and competition in the economy, while maintaining appropriate regulatory frameworks. The results reflect a new dataset covering reforms of domestic product markets, international trade, the domestic financial sector, and the external capital account, in 91 developed and developing countries. Among the key results of this study, the authors find that real and financial reforms (and, in particular, domestic financial liberalization, trade liberalization, and agricultural liberalization) boost income growth. However, growth effects differ significantly across alternative reform sequencing strategies: a trade-before-capital-account strategy achieves better outcomes than the reverse, or even than a "big bang"; also, liberalizing the domestic financial sector together with the external capital account is growth-enhancing, provided the economy is relatively open to international trade. Finally, relatively liberalized domestic financial sectors enhance the economy's resilience, reducing output costs from adverse terms-of-trade and interest-rate shocks; increased credit availability is one of the key mechanisms.
Book Synopsis Immigration and Structural Change by : Sebastian Braun
Download or read book Immigration and Structural Change written by Sebastian Braun and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: