Strengthening of Noncomposite Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 366 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (863 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening of Noncomposite Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Hemal Vinod Patel

Download or read book Strengthening of Noncomposite Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Hemal Vinod Patel and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis describes part of the work associated with Project 0-6719 sponsored by the Texas Department of Transportation (TxDOT). The primary objective of the project is to examine the feasibility of strengthening older continuous multi-span steel girder bridges through the use of post-installed shear connectors. Bridges potentially eligible for retrofit have noncomposite floor systems, where the concrete slab is not attached to the steel girders with shear connectors. Many of these bridges were designed in the 1950's and 1960's for loads smaller than the standard design loads used today. A secondary objective of the project, and the main focus of this thesis, is to examine the design of post-installed shear connectors for fatigue. Of particular interest in this study is the adhesive anchor, given its convenient installation procedure but relatively poor fatigue performance in previous tests. The objectives of this thesis were to quantify the fatigue strength of the adhesive anchor, as well as quantify the shear force and slip demands on adhesive anchors in realistic bridge conditions. In regards to the first objective, twenty-six direct shear fatigue tests were performed on adhesive anchors. Each test was conducted on a single adhesive anchor in order to capture its individual cyclic load-slip behavior. Results indicate that adhesive anchors have considerably higher fatigue strength than conventional welded shear studs, making partial composite design feasible in the strengthening of older steel bridges. In regards to the second objective, analytical and computational studies were conducted on composite beams with adhesive anchors. Results show that the shear force and slip demands are typically smaller than the endurance limits determined from direct-shear testing. This suggests that fatigue failure of adhesive anchors under service loads may not be a primary concern. Based on the results, preliminary recommendations for the design of adhesive anchors for fatigue are provided.

Strengthening Existing Continuous Non-composite Steel Girder Bridges Using Post-installed Shear Connectors

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 142 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (953 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening Existing Continuous Non-composite Steel Girder Bridges Using Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Kerry Kreitman

Download or read book Strengthening Existing Continuous Non-composite Steel Girder Bridges Using Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Kerry Kreitman and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Strengthening Existing Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders Using Post-installed Shear Connectors

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 130 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening Existing Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders Using Post-installed Shear Connectors by :

Download or read book Strengthening Existing Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders Using Post-installed Shear Connectors written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Strengthening Continuous Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors and Inelastic Moment Redistribution

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 600 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (984 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening Continuous Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors and Inelastic Moment Redistribution by : Kerry Kreitman

Download or read book Strengthening Continuous Steel Girder Bridges with Post-installed Shear Connectors and Inelastic Moment Redistribution written by Kerry Kreitman and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many continuous steel bridges constructed prior to the 1970s have floor systems consisting of a non-composite concrete deck over steel beams with no shear connectors. While many of these bridges are still in good condition, the structures may not satisfy current load requirements and thus may need to be strengthened or replaced to avoid load-posting and to maintain structural safety. One potentially economical method of extending the service life of such bridges is to post-install adhesive anchor shear connectors to create composite action between the existing steel beams and concrete deck. This is efficient in regions dominated by positive flexural demands where the concrete deck is in compression. Inelastic moment redistribution away from the interior pier sections can be considered to address strength deficiencies in these regions, which are dominated by negative flexural demands. This dissertation explores this method of strengthening continuous non-composite steel girder bridges. Of particular interest is the “shakedown” behavior of partially composite strengthened girders under large repeated loads requiring moment redistribution. These concepts are commonly referred to as “autostress” design. After conducting preliminary studies on the feasibility of this strengthening method for typical bridges in the state of Texas, an extensive large-scale experimental program was conducted in conjunction with finite element modeling. The results of the testing and modeling are discussed in detail. Design recommendations and a design example are also provided.

Strengthening Existing Steel Bridge Girders by the Use of Post-installed Shear Connectors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 478 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (38 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening Existing Steel Bridge Girders by the Use of Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Gun Up Kwon

Download or read book Strengthening Existing Steel Bridge Girders by the Use of Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Gun Up Kwon and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 478 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of older bridges built before the 1970's were constructed with floor systems consisting of a non-composite concrete slab over steel girders. Many of these bridges do not satisfy current load requirements and may require replacement or strengthening. A potentially economical means of strengthening these floor systems is to connect the existing concrete slab and steel girders to permit the development of composite action. This dissertation describes a research program investigating methods to develop composite action in existing non-composite floor systems by the use of postinstalled shear connectors. Three types of post-installed shear connection methods were investigated. These methods are referred to as the double-nut bolt, the high tension friction grip bolt, and the adhesive anchor. These post-installed shear connectors were tested under static and fatigue loading, and design equations for ultimate strength and fatigue strength were developed. These post-installed shear connectors showed significantly higher fatigue strength than conventional welded shear studs widely used for new construction. The superior fatigue strength of these post-installed shear connectors enables strengthening of existing bridge girders using partial composite design, thereby requiring significantly fewer shear connectors than possible with conventional welded shear studs. Five full-scale non-composite beams were constructed and four of these were retrofitted with post-installed shear connectors and tested under static load. The retrofitted composite beams were designed as partially composite with a 30-percent shear connection ratio. A non-composite beam was also tested as a baseline specimen. Test results of the full-scale composite beams showed that the strength and stiffness of existing non-composite bridge girders can be increased significantly. Further, excellent ductility of the strengthened partially composite girders was achieved by placing the postinstalled shear connectors near zero moment regions to reduce slip at the steel-concrete interface. Parametric studies using the finite element program ABAQUS were also conducted to investigate the effects of beam depth, span length, and shear connection ratio on the system behavior of strengthened partially composite beams. The studies showed that current simplified design approaches commonly used for partially composite beams in buildings provide good predictions of the strength and stiffness of partially composite bridge girders constructed using post-installed shear connectors.

Fatigue Behavior of Post-installed Shear Connectors Used to Strengthen Continuous Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 660 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Fatigue Behavior of Post-installed Shear Connectors Used to Strengthen Continuous Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders by : Amir Reza Ghiami Azad

Download or read book Fatigue Behavior of Post-installed Shear Connectors Used to Strengthen Continuous Non-composite Steel Bridge Girders written by Amir Reza Ghiami Azad and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 660 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many older bridges in Texas are constructed with floor systems consisting of a concrete slab over steel girders. A potentially economical means of strengthening these floor systems is to connect the existing concrete slab and steel girders using post-installed shear connectors to change the behavior of the beam from non-composite to partially-composite. Since fatigue is one of the main concerns in designing bridges, investigating the fatigue properties of these post-installed shear connectors becomes crucial. Results from direct-shear testing show that post-installed shear connectors have a better fatigue life compared to conventional welded shear studs. However, based on currently available data from direct-shear tests, fatigue life of post-installed shear connectors is still inadequate for economical retrofit in some cases. Furthermore, it is unclear if direct-shear tests provide an appropriate means of evaluating fatigue performance. The objective of this dissertation is to develop new and more accurate approaches for evaluating the fatigue characteristics of post-installed shear connectors. This objective is addressed through large-scale beam fatigue tests and computational studies. The focus of the work is on evaluating fatigue life of shear connectors based on both slip and stress demands.

Strengthening a Continuous Steel Girder Bridge in Lakeport, Texas with Post-installed Shear Connectors

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 120 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (984 download)

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Book Synopsis Strengthening a Continuous Steel Girder Bridge in Lakeport, Texas with Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Kerry Kreitman

Download or read book Strengthening a Continuous Steel Girder Bridge in Lakeport, Texas with Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Kerry Kreitman and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

0-6719: Strengthening Continuous Steel Girders with Post-installed Shear Connectors

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 1 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (963 download)

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Book Synopsis 0-6719: Strengthening Continuous Steel Girders with Post-installed Shear Connectors by : Michael D. Engelhardt

Download or read book 0-6719: Strengthening Continuous Steel Girders with Post-installed Shear Connectors written by Michael D. Engelhardt and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Implementation Project

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 108 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (41 download)

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Book Synopsis Implementation Project by : Gunup Kwon

Download or read book Implementation Project written by Gunup Kwon and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 108 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Innovative Bridge Design Handbook

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Publisher : Butterworth-Heinemann
ISBN 13 : 0128004878
Total Pages : 880 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)

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Book Synopsis Innovative Bridge Design Handbook by : Alessio Pipinato

Download or read book Innovative Bridge Design Handbook written by Alessio Pipinato and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2015-11-11 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As known, each bridge presents a unique set of design, construction, and maintenance challenges. The designer must determine the appropriate methods and level of refinement necessary to design and analyze each bridge on a case-by-case basis. The Innovative Bridge Design Handbook: Construction, Rehabilitation, and Maintenance encompasses the state of the art in bridge design, construction, maintenance, and safety assessment. Written by an international group of experts, this book provides innovative design approaches used in various parts of the world and explores concepts in design, construction, and maintenance that will reduce project costs and increase structural safety and durability. Furthermore, research and innovative solutions are described throughout chapters. The Innovative Bridge Design Handbook: Construction, Rehabilitation, and Maintenance brings together the specific knowledge of a bevy of experts and academics in bridge engineering in the areas of design, assessment, research, and construction. The handbook begins with an analysis of the history and development of bridge aesthetics and design; various types of loads including seismic and wind loads are then described, together with fatigue and fracture. Bridge design based on material such as reinforced concrete, prestressed reinforced concrete, steel and composite, timber, masonry bridges is analyzed and detailed according to international codes and standards. Then bridge design based on geometry, such as arch bridges, girders, cable stayed and suspension bridges, is illustrated. This is followed by a discussion of a number of special topics, including integral, movable, highway and railway bridges, together with seismic component devices, cables, orthotropic decks, foundations, and case studies. Finally, bridge construction equipment, bridge assessment retrofit and management, bridge monitoring, fiber-reinforced polymers to reinforce bridges, bridge collapse issues are covered. Loads including seismic and wind loads, fatigue and fracture, local effects Structural analysis including numerical methods (FEM), dynamics, risk and reliability, innovative structural typologies Bridge design based on material type: RC and PRC, steel and composite, timber and masonry bridges Bridge design based on geometry: arch bridges, girders, cable stayed and suspension bridges Special topics: integral, movable, highway, railway bridges, seismic component devices, cables, orthotropic decks, foundations Construction including construction case studies, construction equipment, bridge assessment, bridge management, retrofit and strengthening, monitoring procedures

Materials Science: Properties and Technologies II

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Publisher : Trans Tech Publications Ltd
ISBN 13 : 3035736960
Total Pages : 152 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (357 download)

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Book Synopsis Materials Science: Properties and Technologies II by : Jong Wan Hu

Download or read book Materials Science: Properties and Technologies II written by Jong Wan Hu and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2020-09-09 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Selected peer-reviewed full text papers from the 4th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering Technology (4th ICMSET 2020) Selected, peer-reviewed papers from the 4th Annual International Conference on Material Science and Engineering Technology (4th ICMSET 2020), March 20-22, 2020, Fukuoka, Japan

Evaluation of Post-tension Strengthened Steel Girder Bridge Using FRP Bars

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 88 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (1 download)

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Book Synopsis Evaluation of Post-tension Strengthened Steel Girder Bridge Using FRP Bars by : Terry J. Wipf

Download or read book Evaluation of Post-tension Strengthened Steel Girder Bridge Using FRP Bars written by Terry J. Wipf and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many state, county, and local agencies are faced with deteriorating bridge infrastructure composed of a large percentage of relatively short to medium span bridges. In many cases, these older structures are rolled or welded longitudinal steel stringers acting compositely with a reinforced concrete deck. Most of these bridges, although still in service, need some level of strengthening due to increases in legal live loads or loss of capacity due to deterioration. Although these bridges are overstressed in most instances, they do not warrant replacement; thus, structurally efficient but cost-effective means of strengthening needs to be employed. In the past, the use of bolted steel cover plates or angles was a common retrofit option for strengthening such bridges. However, the time and labor involved to attach such a strengthening system can sometimes be prohibitive. This project was funded through the Federal Highway Administration's Innovative Bridge Research and Construction program. The goal is to retrofit an existing structurally deficient, three-span continuous steel stringer bridge using an innovative technique that involves the application of post-tensioning forces; the post-tensioning forces were applied using fiber reinforced polymer post-tensioning bars. When compared to other strengthening methods, the use of carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite materials is very appealing in that they are highly resistant to corrosion, have a low weight, and have a high tensile strength. Before the post-tensioning system was installed, a diagnostic load test was conducted on the subject bridge to establish a baseline behavior of the unstrengthened bridge. During the process of installing the post-tensioning hardware and stressing the system, both the bridge and the post-tensioning system were monitored. The installation of the hardware was followed by a follow-up diagnostic load test to assess the effectiveness of the post-tensioning strengthening system. Additional load tests were performed over a period of two years to identify any changes in the strengthening system with time. Laboratory testing of several typical carbon fiber reinforced polymer bar specimens was also conducted to more thoroughly understand their behavior. This report documents the design, installation, and field testing of the strengthening system and bridge.

Maintenance, Safety, Risk, Management and Life-Cycle Performance of Bridges

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Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 1351745972
Total Pages : 550 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (517 download)

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Book Synopsis Maintenance, Safety, Risk, Management and Life-Cycle Performance of Bridges by : Nigel Powers

Download or read book Maintenance, Safety, Risk, Management and Life-Cycle Performance of Bridges written by Nigel Powers and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-07-04 with total page 550 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maintenance, Safety, Risk, Management and Life-Cycle Performance of Bridges contains lectures and papers presented at the Ninth International Conference on Bridge Maintenance, Safety and Management (IABMAS 2018), held in Melbourne, Australia, 9-13 July 2018. This volume consists of a book of extended abstracts and a USB card containing the full papers of 393 contributions presented at IABMAS 2018, including the T.Y. Lin Lecture, 10 Keynote Lectures, and 382 technical papers from 40 countries. The contributions presented at IABMAS 2018 deal with the state of the art as well as emerging concepts and innovative applications related to the main aspects of bridge maintenance, safety, risk, management and life-cycle performance. Major topics include: new design methods, bridge codes, heavy vehicle and load models, bridge management systems, prediction of future traffic models, service life prediction, residual service life, sustainability and life-cycle assessments, maintenance strategies, bridge diagnostics, health monitoring, non-destructive testing, field testing, safety and serviceability, assessment and evaluation, damage identification, deterioration modelling, repair and retrofitting strategies, bridge reliability, fatigue and corrosion, extreme loads, advanced experimental simulations, and advanced computer simulations, among others. This volume provides both an up-to-date overview of the field of bridge engineering and significant contributions to the process of more rational decision-making on bridge maintenance, safety, risk, management and life-cycle performance of bridges for the purpose of enhancing the welfare of society. The Editors hope that these Proceedings will serve as a valuable reference to all concerned with bridge structure and infrastructure systems, including students, researchers and engineers from all areas of bridge engineering.

Parametric Study on Noncomposite Slab-on-girder Bridges with Enforced Frictional Contact

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 14 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (614 download)

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Book Synopsis Parametric Study on Noncomposite Slab-on-girder Bridges with Enforced Frictional Contact by : J. J. Lin

Download or read book Parametric Study on Noncomposite Slab-on-girder Bridges with Enforced Frictional Contact written by J. J. Lin and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using post-tensioned steel rods for strengthening noncomposite slab-on -steel girder bridges has the beneficial effects of both stabilizing the steel girders laterally and developing partial composite action lingitudinally. The stabilizing effect and development of partial composite action are achieved by taking advantage of friction developed at the steel-concrete interface. A bridge reinforced by this technique is expected to have a higher load-carrying capacity and better load distribution under heavy traffic loads. Prestressed rods have been successfully used to strengthen 1/3 scale noncomposite bridge models in laboratory. The concrete slab-on-steel girder bridge models reinforced by prestressed rods are analyzed numerically in this paper by the use of the finite element method. Corresponding noncomposite models are also simulated for comparison to investigate the efficiency of this strengthening technique. The effects of variables such as the number of rods, prestressing level, type of load, slab thickness, steel girder slenderness, girder spacing, and ratio of radii of gyration of steel girders on the strengthening efficiency are studied by the finite element method. A full-scale bridge is analyzed to demonstrate the effect of the proposed reinforcing technique.

Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders

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ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders by : Jacob Hans Goebel

Download or read book Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders written by Jacob Hans Goebel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the interstate expansion of the 1950s, many conventionally reinforced concrete deck girder bridges were built throughout the country. These aging bridges commonly exhibit diagonal cracking and rate inadequately for shear, thus they are candidates for shear strengthening to extend their useful life. Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are emerging as effective materials for strengthening and rehabilitating such bridges. Near surface mounting (NSM) is a newer technique for application of CFRP for retrofitting bridge members that provides advantages over other strengthening techniques. The technique is still new and uncertainties remain regarding strength, long-term durability, and design including the influence of member proportions, flexural reinforcing steel, and CFRP spacing. Bridge girders retrofitted with NSM-CFRP may be exposed to millions of load cycles and environmental conditions and the influence of these exposures on performance are not established. To address these issues, laboratory tests were performed on ten full-size reinforced concrete girders, representative of in-situ bridge members, to determine the performance of NSM-CFRP retrofitting for shear strengthening. One of the specimens was exposed to fatigue loading, two were subjected to environmental exposures, and one was subjected to combined environmental exposure and fatigue loading. Results indicated that NSM-CFRP retrofitting provided significant shear capacity increases, and the high-cycle fatigue and environmental exposures considered did not adversely affect the strength or behavior of the girders. Environmental exposures of some of the adhesives considered did show somewhat reduced performance; therefore, careful selection of materials is important to ensure performance over the expected lifetime. Recommendations for shear strength design with NSM-CFRP are made.

Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders

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Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 119 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (81 download)

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Book Synopsis Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders by : Jacob Hans Goebel

Download or read book Strength and Durability of Near-surface Mounted CFRP Bars for Shear Strengthening Reinforced Concrete Bridge Girders written by Jacob Hans Goebel and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 119 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the interstate expansion of the 1950s, many conventionally reinforced concrete deck girder bridges were built throughout the country. These aging bridges commonly exhibit diagonal cracking and rate inadequately for shear, thus they are candidates for shear strengthening to extend their useful life. Carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP) are emerging as effective materials for strengthening and rehabilitating such bridges. Near surface mounting (NSM) is a newer technique for application of CFRP for retrofitting bridge members that provides advantages over other strengthening techniques. The technique is still new and uncertainties remain regarding strength, long-term durability, and design including the influence of member proportions, flexural reinforcing steel, and CFRP spacing. Bridge girders retrofitted with NSM-CFRP may be exposed to millions of load cycles and environmental conditions and the influence of these exposures on performance are not established. To address these issues, laboratory tests were performed on ten full-size reinforced concrete girders, representative of in-situ bridge members, to determine the performance of NSM-CFRP retrofitting for shear strengthening. One of the specimens was exposed to fatigue loading, two were subjected to environmental exposures, and one was subjected to combined environmental exposure and fatigue loading. Results indicated that NSM-CFRP retrofitting provided significant shear capacity increases, and the high-cycle fatigue and environmental exposures considered did not adversely affect the strength or behavior of the girders. Environmental exposures of some of the adhesives considered did show somewhat reduced performance; therefore, careful selection of materials is important to ensure performance over the expected lifetime. Recommendations for shear strength design with NSM-CFRP are made.

Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete VI

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Publisher : Amer Society of Civil Engineers
ISBN 13 : 9780784411421
Total Pages : 790 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (114 download)

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Book Synopsis Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete VI by : Roberto T. Leon

Download or read book Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete VI written by Roberto T. Leon and published by Amer Society of Civil Engineers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 790 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the sixth International Conference on Composite Construction in Steel and Concrete held at the Devil s Thumb Ranch in Tabernash, Colorado, July 20 24, 2008. Sponsored by Engineering Conferences International; the Structural Engineering Institute of ASCE. This collection contains the 63 technical papers representing the state-of-the-art in composite construction worldwide. Topics include: composite bridges, composite slabs, shear connectors, composite columns, innovative composite structural systems, fire and seismic resistance of composite structural systems and practical applications. These papers will be valuable to structural engineers and allied professionals engaged in construction with steel and concrete composites.