Read Books Online and Download eBooks, EPub, PDF, Mobi, Kindle, Text Full Free.
Status Report On Virginias Program To Combat Drug Impaired Driving
Download Status Report On Virginias Program To Combat Drug Impaired Driving full books in PDF, epub, and Kindle. Read online Status Report On Virginias Program To Combat Drug Impaired Driving ebook anywhere anytime directly on your device. Fast Download speed and no annoying ads. We cannot guarantee that every ebooks is available!
Book Synopsis Status Report on Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-impaired Driving by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Status Report on Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-impaired Driving written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, police officers in the Commonwealth of Virginia were given the statutory authority to require that drivers suspected of driving under the influence of drugs (DUID) submit a blood sample to be tested for drug content. Although there are no quantitative measures to relate drug or drug metabolite concentration with impairment (i.e., as with blood alcohol concentration), the result of a drug screen test may be able to corroborate an officer's testimony that a suspect showed signs of impairment. Efforts to change the law began in the 1984 Session of the Virginia General Assembly with the acceptance of House Joint Resolution No. 10, which initiated a study to improve the enforcement of Virginia's law against drug-impaired driving. Many of the recommendations of the study were included in the bill passed in the 1987 Session of the General Assembly. A major difference between the resulting Virginia law and those of other states is that in Virginia, blood, not urine, is the fluid to be screened for drug content. In conjunction with the revised law, federal, state, and local officials have been working to establish pilot Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) programs in the Charlottesville, Henrico County, and Virginia Beach Police Departments and in the Virginia Department of State Police. The DRTs are officers who are specially trained to detect symptoms of impaired driving and to classify the type or types of drugs a suspect may have used. Between the DRTs and the other police officers across the Commonwealth, more than an average of 50 DUID blood samples per month were sent to the Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services for analysis between April and November 1988. Evidence of marijuana and PCP use were found in almost half of the blood samples, and cocaine was found in 9.2 percent of the samples. In only 7.1 percent of the cases, neither drugs nor alcohol was detected. A major problem facing the program is that the average time between the receipt of a blood sample by Consolidated Laboratory Services and the completion of its analysis is approximately 50 days. In order to reduce turnaround time, the lab has hired additional personnel and purchased additional equipment; however, in order to prevent the dismissal of a case, it is recommended that officers set trial dates 90 days from the date of arrest to ensure that the laboratory will have sufficient time to complete the analysis.
Book Synopsis Removing the "High" from the Highways: the Impact of Virginia's Efforts to Combat Drug-related DUI. Final Report by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Removing the "High" from the Highways: the Impact of Virginia's Efforts to Combat Drug-related DUI. Final Report written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Removing the "high" from the Highways by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Removing the "high" from the Highways written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, a revision to Virginia law gave police officers the authority to require an individual suspected of drug-related driving under the influence (DUI) to submit a blood sample to be tested for drugs. Concurrent with the implementation of the revised law, Virginia initiated a pilot Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) Program, which concentrates on training police officers to detect the signs of impairment consistent with seven broad categories of drugs. This study evaluated the impact of the revised law and the DRT program on arrests and convictions for drug-related Dill between 1988 and 1990. Additionally, this study investigated whether there was a spillover effect on alcohol-related arrests and convictions and on alcohol-related injury and fatality rates. Drug-related DUI arrests increased in 1988 but declined somewhat in 1989 and 1990; however, the DUI conviction rate for drug-related cases remained relatively stable. Generally, if a drug was detected, there was a 40% to 70% DUI conviction rate depending on the type of drug(s) detected. If no drug was detected, the DUI conviction rate was less than 25%. Although the revised law encouraged officers to make more arrests for drug-related DUI, there is no evidence that it functioned to reduce fatalities and injuries. Further, even though the DRT program helped to increase arrests for drug-related DUI, DRT cases were no more likely than non-DRT cases to result in a conviction. However, there is some evidence that the DRT program had a positive influence on the arrest rate for alcohol-related DUI. Several recommendations are made for revitalizing both the DRT program and the statewide emphasis on drug-related DUI.
Book Synopsis Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-related DUI, 1988-1989 by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Virginia's Program to Combat Drug-related DUI, 1988-1989 written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, a revision to Virginia law gave police officers the authority to require an individual suspected of driving under the influence (DUI) of drugs to submit a blood sample to be tested for drug content. Concurrent with the implementation of the revised law, Virginia initiated a pilot Drug Recognition Technician (DRT) Program, which concentrates on training police officers to detect the signs of impairment consistent with seven broad categories of drugs. This study is an evaluation of the impact of the revised law and the DRT program on arrests and convictions for drug-related DUI in 1988 and 1989. The researcher concludes that both the revised law and the DRT program have been effective in increasing the number of arrests and convictions for drug related DUI. However, even when drugs were detected in a suspect's blood sample, generally less than 70% of the cases resulted in a DUI conviction. When neither drugs nor alcohol was detected in the blood sample, less than 25% of the cases resulted in a DUl conviction. The researcher recommends that possible legislative changes be studied to determine if there are ways to increase the probability of conviction in cases of drug-related DUI.
Book Synopsis Implementation Plan for Combating the Drug-impaired Driver by : Jack D. Jernigan
Download or read book Implementation Plan for Combating the Drug-impaired Driver written by Jack D. Jernigan and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, the Commonwealth of Virginia's revised drug-impaired driving statute went into effect. It defines the drug-impaired driver as one who is under the influence to a degree that impairs his or her ability to drive safely. The revision to the law also permits a police officer to request that a suspect submit to a blood test for drugs either before or after a blood .or breath test for alcohol has been administered. Although the result of the drug test will not establish that a suspect was under the influence of drugs, it will provide corroborating evidence to a police officer's evaluation of a suspect's impairment. In anticipation of the implementation of this law, a task force of local, state, and federal officials was called, together to facilitate its effective implementation. In particular, the task force was challenged to develop a strategy by which traffic safety would be enhanced through the revised statute. This implementation plan was developed by the Research Council for, and in-cooperation with, the task force. Enforcement, prosecution, adjudication, and treatment as well as public information and education are all addressed in the plan. The special emphasis that will be placed on enhanced sobriety-testing and a pilot drug recognition technician program are anticipated to uncover an effective way to detect the drug-impaired driver.
Book Synopsis Action Plan to Combat Drunk Driving in Virginia by :
Download or read book Action Plan to Combat Drunk Driving in Virginia written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Progress Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Monthly Checklist of State Publications by : Library of Congress. Exchange and Gift Division
Download or read book Monthly Checklist of State Publications written by Library of Congress. Exchange and Gift Division and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: June and Dec. issues contain listings of periodicals.
Book Synopsis Legislative Approaches to Increasing Virginia's Conviction Rate for Drug-related DUI by : Robyne R. Lau
Download or read book Legislative Approaches to Increasing Virginia's Conviction Rate for Drug-related DUI written by Robyne R. Lau and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beginning on April 1, 1988, a revision of Virginia's law concerning drug-related driving under the influence (DUI) enabled police officers to require a person suspected of driving under the influence of drugs to submit a blood sample to be tested for drug content. However, some judges have been reluctant to pass down a DUI conviction in the absence of an established presumptive or per se concentration of a drug in the blood that indicates impairment. In fact, because of the complex chemical nature of most drugs and their varying effects on individuals, establishing a scientific link between a particular concentration of drugs in the blood and impairment is not possible, at least at this time. This study investigated if there were ways to amend VIrginia's laws to facilitate drug-related DUI convictions in the event of a finding of drugs in a suspect's blood. The researchers formulated three options for legislative amendments: two for criminalizing internal possession of drugs regardless of whether a person is driving, thus opening the way for a plea bargain to a reduced charge of drug-related DUI, and one for criminalizing the operation of a motor vehicle with a nonprescribed drug in the blood. An internal possession offense does not seem to be a feasible option for Virginia at this time. However, the researchers recommend that serious, but cautious, consideration be given to proposing that VIrginia's current DUI offense be revised to remove the requirement of showing impairment and permit a positive blood test for a nonprescribed drug to be sufficient evidence for conviction.
Book Synopsis National Commission Against Drunk Driving. Progress Report on Recommendations Proposed by the Presidential Commission on Drunk Driving by :
Download or read book National Commission Against Drunk Driving. Progress Report on Recommendations Proposed by the Presidential Commission on Drunk Driving written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Combating the Drug-impaired Driver by : Eric Paltell
Download or read book Combating the Drug-impaired Driver written by Eric Paltell and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, the Commonwealth of Virginia has increased its efforts to improve highway safety by combating the problems created by drunken drivers. However, law enforcement officials still face major obstacles in their efforts to detect and prosecute persons who drive under the influence of drugs (DUID). The greatest impediment to DUID enforcement is the lack of certain crucial statutory provisions. Specifically, Virginia's implied consent law (Va. Code 18.2-268) does not allow a police officer to require a driver to submit to a chemical analysis of his bodily fluids to determine drug content. As a result, the state is precluded from obtaining the most meaningful evidence of drug-impaired driving. Additionally, the DUID offense (Va. Code 18.2-266(iii)) is not clearly defined, and thus leaves doubts as to the degree of impairment necessary to constitute a violation of the law. Finally, Virginia police officers' limited training in identifying the symptoms of drug impairment makes it difficult for them to detect DUID offenders and reduces the evidentiary value of their testimony at trial. To remove these obstacles to DUID enforcement, it is recommended that Virginia follow the lead of the 31 states which include provisions for drug testing in their implied consent statute. To implement this change in the law, the Division of Consolidated Laboratory Services must be given the capacity to analyze DUID specimens. Should drug testing become a part of the implied consent statute, several other statutory amendments need to be made as well: (i) law enforcement officials must be allowed to test for drugs after a blood-alcohol test has been administered, (2) police must be allowed to designate the type of specimen to be obtained for testing, and (3) a person's refusal to consent to drug testing should be made admissible in a DUID case. The DUID offense in 18.2-266(iii) should be redefined to make it clear that drug-induced impairment of driving skills is the essence of the offense. To remedy the deficiencies in police training, Virginia officers should be given better instruction in the identification of drug-impairment as it relates to a person's ability to drive safely. A pilot project for developing specially trained "Drug Recognition Experts" is also recommended on the basis of the highly successful program used by the Los Angeles Police Department. Through this combination of strengthened DUID laws, improved training of police officers, and properly equipped testing facilities, Virginia should have the capacity to detect and prosecute the drug-impaired driver.
Book Synopsis Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications by : United States. Superintendent of Documents
Download or read book Monthly Catalog of United States Government Publications written by United States. Superintendent of Documents and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 1092 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: February issue includes Appendix entitled Directory of United States Government periodicals and subscription publications; September issue includes List of depository libraries; June and December issues include semiannual index
Download or read book House Reports written by and published by Government Printing Office. This book was released on 1924 with total page 1634 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Congressional Record by : United States. Congress
Download or read book Congressional Record written by United States. Congress and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 1134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Traffic Safety Digest written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Regulatory reform by : United States. White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs
Download or read book Regulatory reform written by United States. White House Office of Intergovernmental Affairs and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
