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Statistics And Scientific Method
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Book Synopsis Statistics and Scientific Method by : Peter J. Diggle
Download or read book Statistics and Scientific Method written by Peter J. Diggle and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An antidote to technique-orientated approaches, this text avoids the recipe-book style, giving the reader a clear understanding of how core statistical ideas of experimental design, modelling, and data analysis are integral to the scientific method. No prior knowledge of statistics is required and a range of scientific disciplines are covered.
Book Synopsis Cohort Analysis in Social Research by : W.M. Mason
Download or read book Cohort Analysis in Social Research written by W.M. Mason and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The existence of the present volume can be traced to methodological concerns about cohort analysis, all of which were evident throughout most of the social sciences by the late 1970s. For some social scientists, they became part of a broader discussion concerning the need for new analytical techniques for research based on longitudinal data. In 1976, the Social Science Research Council (SSRC), with funds from the National Institute of Education, established a Committee on the Methodology of Longitudinal Research. (The scholars who comprised this committee are listed at the front of this volume. ) As part of the efforts of this Committee, an interdisciplinary conference on cohort analysis was held in the summer of 1979, in Snowmass, Colorado. Much of the work presented here stems from that conference, the purpose of which was to promote the development of general methodological tools for the study of social change. The conference included five major presentations by (1) William Mason and Herbert Smith, (2) Karl J6reskog and Dag S6rbom, (3) Gregory Markus, (4) John Hobcraft, Jane Menken and Samuel Preston, and (5) Stephen Fienberg and William Mason. The formal presentations were each followed by extensive discussion, which involved as participants: Paul Baltes, William Butz, Philip Converse, Otis Dudley Duncan, David Freedman, William Meredith, John Nesselroade, Daniel Price, Thomas Pullum, Peter Read, Matilda White Riley, Norman Ryder, Warren Sanderson, Warner Schaie, Burton Singer, Nancy Tuma, Harrison White, and Halliman Winsborough.
Book Synopsis Statistics in Scientific Investigation by : Glen McPherson
Download or read book Statistics in Scientific Investigation written by Glen McPherson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 689 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book I have taken on the challenge of providing an insight into Statistics and a blueprint for statistical application for a wide audience. For students in the sciences and related professional areas and for researchers who may need to apply Statistics in the course of scientific experimenta tion, the development emphasizes the manner in which Statistics fits into the framework of the scientific method. Mathematics students will find a unified, but non-mathematical structure for Statistics which can provide the motivation for the theoretical development found in standard texts on theoretical Statistics. For statisticians and students of Statistics, the ideas contained in the book and their manner of development may aid in the de velopment of better communications between scientists and statisticians. The demands made of readers are twofold: a minimal mathematical prerequisite which is simply an ability to comprehend formulae containing mathematical variables, such as those derived from a high school course in algebra or the equivalent; a grasp of the process of scientific modeling which comes with ei ther experience in scientific experimentation or practice with solving mathematical problems.
Book Synopsis Understanding Advanced Statistical Methods by : Peter Westfall
Download or read book Understanding Advanced Statistical Methods written by Peter Westfall and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-04-09 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing a much-needed bridge between elementary statistics courses and advanced research methods courses, Understanding Advanced Statistical Methods helps students grasp the fundamental assumptions and machinery behind sophisticated statistical topics, such as logistic regression, maximum likelihood, bootstrapping, nonparametrics, and Bayesian methods. The book teaches students how to properly model, think critically, and design their own studies to avoid common errors. It leads them to think differently not only about math and statistics but also about general research and the scientific method. With a focus on statistical models as producers of data, the book enables students to more easily understand the machinery of advanced statistics. It also downplays the "population" interpretation of statistical models and presents Bayesian methods before frequentist ones. Requiring no prior calculus experience, the text employs a "just-in-time" approach that introduces mathematical topics, including calculus, where needed. Formulas throughout the text are used to explain why calculus and probability are essential in statistical modeling. The authors also intuitively explain the theory and logic behind real data analysis, incorporating a range of application examples from the social, economic, biological, medical, physical, and engineering sciences. Enabling your students to answer the why behind statistical methods, this text teaches them how to successfully draw conclusions when the premises are flawed. It empowers them to use advanced statistical methods with confidence and develop their own statistical recipes. Ancillary materials are available on the book’s website.
Book Synopsis The Scientific Method by : Henry M. Cowles
Download or read book The Scientific Method written by Henry M. Cowles and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The scientific method is just over a hundred years old. From debates about the evolution of the human mind to the rise of instrumental reasoning, Henry M. Cowles shows how the idea of a single "scientific method" emerged from a turn inward by psychologists that produced powerful epistemological and historical effects that are still with us today.
Author :National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine Publisher :National Academies Press ISBN 13 :0309486165 Total Pages :257 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (94 download)
Book Synopsis Reproducibility and Replicability in Science by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Download or read book Reproducibility and Replicability in Science written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-10-20 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the pathways by which the scientific community confirms the validity of a new scientific discovery is by repeating the research that produced it. When a scientific effort fails to independently confirm the computations or results of a previous study, some fear that it may be a symptom of a lack of rigor in science, while others argue that such an observed inconsistency can be an important precursor to new discovery. Concerns about reproducibility and replicability have been expressed in both scientific and popular media. As these concerns came to light, Congress requested that the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine conduct a study to assess the extent of issues related to reproducibility and replicability and to offer recommendations for improving rigor and transparency in scientific research. Reproducibility and Replicability in Science defines reproducibility and replicability and examines the factors that may lead to non-reproducibility and non-replicability in research. Unlike the typical expectation of reproducibility between two computations, expectations about replicability are more nuanced, and in some cases a lack of replicability can aid the process of scientific discovery. This report provides recommendations to researchers, academic institutions, journals, and funders on steps they can take to improve reproducibility and replicability in science.
Book Synopsis Research Methods and Statistics by : Janie H. Wilson
Download or read book Research Methods and Statistics written by Janie H. Wilson and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2016-07-21 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative text offers a completely integrated approach to teaching research methods and statistics by presenting a research question accompanied by the appropriate methods and statistical procedures needed to address it. Research questions and designs become more complex as chapters progress, building on simpler questions to reinforce student learning. Using a conversational style and research examples from published works, this comprehensive book walks readers through the entire research process and includes ample pedagogical support for SPSS, Excel, and APA style.
Book Synopsis Scientific Method in Practice by : Hugh G. Gauch
Download or read book Scientific Method in Practice written by Hugh G. Gauch and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook will enable scientists to be better scientists by offering them a deeper understanding of the scientific method.
Book Synopsis Research Methods, Statistics, and Applications by : Kathrynn A. Adams
Download or read book Research Methods, Statistics, and Applications written by Kathrynn A. Adams and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2018-02-26 with total page 607 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the greatest strengths of this text is the consistent integration of research methods and statistics so that students can better understand how the research process requires the combination of these elements. The end goal is to spark students′ interest in conducting research and to increase their ability to critically analyze it. In the new second edition of the text, Katherine Adams and Eva Lawrence have integrated additional information on online data collection and research methods, additional coverage of regression and ANOVA, and new examples to engage students.
Book Synopsis Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data by : Massimiliano Bonamente
Download or read book Statistics and Analysis of Scientific Data written by Massimiliano Bonamente and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revised second edition of this textbook provides the reader with a solid foundation in probability theory and statistics as applied to the physical sciences, engineering and related fields. It covers a broad range of numerical and analytical methods that are essential for the correct analysis of scientific data, including probability theory, distribution functions of statistics, fits to two-dimensional data and parameter estimation, Monte Carlo methods and Markov chains. Features new to this edition include: • a discussion of statistical techniques employed in business science, such as multiple regression analysis of multivariate datasets. • a new chapter on the various measures of the mean including logarithmic averages. • new chapters on systematic errors and intrinsic scatter, and on the fitting of data with bivariate errors. • a new case study and additional worked examples. • mathematical derivations and theoretical background material have been appropriately marked, to improve the readability of the text. • end-of-chapter summary boxes, for easy reference. As in the first edition, the main pedagogical method is a theory-then-application approach, where emphasis is placed first on a sound understanding of the underlying theory of a topic, which becomes the basis for an efficient and practical application of the material. The level is appropriate for undergraduates and beginning graduate students, and as a reference for the experienced researcher. Basic calculus is used in some of the derivations, and no previous background in probability and statistics is required. The book includes many numerical tables of data, as well as exercises and examples to aid the readers' understanding of the topic.
Download or read book Scientific Method written by John Staddon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book shows how science works, fails to work, or pretends to work, by looking at examples from such diverse fields as physics, biomedicine, psychology, and economics. Social science affects our lives every day through the predictions of experts and the rules and regulations they devise. Sciences like economics, sociology and health are subject to more ‘operating limitations’ than classical fields like physics or chemistry or biology. Yet, their methods and results must also be judged according to the same scientific standards. Every literate citizen should understand these standards and be able to tell the difference between good science and bad. Scientific Method enables readers to develop a critical, informed view of scientific practice by discussing concrete examples of how real scientists have approached the problems of their fields. It is ideal for students and professionals trying to make sense of the role of science in society, and of the meaning, value, and limitations of scientific methodology in the social sciences.
Book Synopsis Studies in Statistics and Scientific Method by : Arthur Lyon Bowley
Download or read book Studies in Statistics and Scientific Method written by Arthur Lyon Bowley and published by . This book was released on 1933 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Principles of Scientific Methods by : Mark Chang
Download or read book Principles of Scientific Methods written by Mark Chang and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-04-19 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Principles of Scientific Methods focuses on the fundamental principles behind scientific methods. The book refers to "science" in a broad sense, including natural science, physics, mathematics, statistics, social science, political science, and engineering science. A principle is often abstract and has broad applicability while a method is usually
Book Synopsis Evidence-Based Technical Analysis by : David Aronson
Download or read book Evidence-Based Technical Analysis written by David Aronson and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-11 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-Based Technical Analysis examines how you can apply the scientific method, and recently developed statistical tests, to determine the true effectiveness of technical trading signals. Throughout the book, expert David Aronson provides you with comprehensive coverage of this new methodology, which is specifically designed for evaluating the performance of rules/signals that are discovered by data mining.
Book Synopsis A Field Guide to Lies by : Daniel J. Levitin
Download or read book A Field Guide to Lies written by Daniel J. Levitin and published by Penguin. This book was released on 2016-09-06 with total page 197 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From The New York Times bestselling author of THE ORGANIZED MIND and THIS IS YOUR BRAIN ON MUSIC, a primer to the critical thinking that is more necessary now than ever. We are bombarded with more information each day than our brains can process—especially in election season. It's raining bad data, half-truths, and even outright lies. New York Times bestselling author Daniel J. Levitin shows how to recognize misleading announcements, statistics, graphs, and written reports revealing the ways lying weasels can use them. It's becoming harder to separate the wheat from the digital chaff. How do we distinguish misinformation, pseudo-facts, distortions, and outright lies from reliable information? Levitin groups his field guide into two categories—statistical infomation and faulty arguments—ultimately showing how science is the bedrock of critical thinking. Infoliteracy means understanding that there are hierarchies of source quality and bias that variously distort our information feeds via every media channel, including social media. We may expect newspapers, bloggers, the government, and Wikipedia to be factually and logically correct, but they so often aren't. We need to think critically about the words and numbers we encounter if we want to be successful at work, at play, and in making the most of our lives. This means checking the plausibility and reasoning—not passively accepting information, repeating it, and making decisions based on it. Readers learn to avoid the extremes of passive gullibility and cynical rejection. Levitin's charming, entertaining, accessible guide can help anyone wake up to a whole lot of things that aren't so. And catch some lying weasels in their tracks!
Book Synopsis Bayesian Statistics for Experimental Scientists by : Richard A. Chechile
Download or read book Bayesian Statistics for Experimental Scientists written by Richard A. Chechile and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2020-09-08 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introduction to the Bayesian approach to statistical inference that demonstrates its superiority to orthodox frequentist statistical analysis. This book offers an introduction to the Bayesian approach to statistical inference, with a focus on nonparametric and distribution-free methods. It covers not only well-developed methods for doing Bayesian statistics but also novel tools that enable Bayesian statistical analyses for cases that previously did not have a full Bayesian solution. The book's premise is that there are fundamental problems with orthodox frequentist statistical analyses that distort the scientific process. Side-by-side comparisons of Bayesian and frequentist methods illustrate the mismatch between the needs of experimental scientists in making inferences from data and the properties of the standard tools of classical statistics. The book first covers elementary probability theory, the binomial model, the multinomial model, and methods for comparing different experimental conditions or groups. It then turns its focus to distribution-free statistics that are based on having ranked data, examining data from experimental studies and rank-based correlative methods. Each chapter includes exercises that help readers achieve a more complete understanding of the material. The book devotes considerable attention not only to the linkage of statistics to practices in experimental science but also to the theoretical foundations of statistics. Frequentist statistical practices often violate their own theoretical premises. The beauty of Bayesian statistics, readers will learn, is that it is an internally coherent system of scientific inference that can be proved from probability theory.
Book Synopsis Statistical Methods for Climate Scientists by : Timothy DelSole
Download or read book Statistical Methods for Climate Scientists written by Timothy DelSole and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2022-02-24 with total page 545 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An accessible introduction to statistical methods for students in the climate sciences.
