Statistical Methods For Annotation Analysis

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Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis

Author : Silviu Paun
Publisher : Springer Nature
ISBN 13 : 3031037634
Total Pages : 208 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (31 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis by : Silviu Paun

Download or read book Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis written by Silviu Paun and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labelling data is one of the most fundamental activities in science, and has underpinned practice, particularly in medicine, for decades, as well as research in corpus linguistics since at least the development of the Brown corpus. With the shift towards Machine Learning in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the creation of datasets to be used for training and evaluating AI systems, also known in AI as corpora, has become a central activity in the field as well. Early AI datasets were created on an ad-hoc basis to tackle specific problems. As larger and more reusable datasets were created, requiring greater investment, the need for a more systematic approach to dataset creation arose to ensure increased quality. A range of statistical methods were adopted, often but not exclusively from the medical sciences, to ensure that the labels used were not subjective, or to choose among different labels provided by the coders. A wide variety of such methods is now in regular use. This book is meant to provide a survey of the most widely used among these statistical methods supporting annotation practice. As far as the authors know, this is the first book attempting to cover the two families of methods in wider use. The first family of methods is concerned with the development of labelling schemes and, in particular, ensuring that such schemes are such that sufficient agreement can be observed among the coders. The second family includes methods developed to analyze the output of coders once the scheme has been agreed upon, particularly although not exclusively to identify the most likely label for an item among those provided by the coders. The focus of this book is primarily on Natural Language Processing, the area of AI devoted to the development of models of language interpretation and production, but many if not most of the methods discussed here are also applicable to other areas of AI, or indeed, to other areas of Data Science.

Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis

Author : Silviu Paun
Publisher : Morgan & Claypool Publishers
ISBN 13 : 1636392547
Total Pages : 218 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (363 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis by : Silviu Paun

Download or read book Statistical Methods for Annotation Analysis written by Silviu Paun and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2022-01-13 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Labelling data is one of the most fundamental activities in science, and has underpinned practice, particularly in medicine, for decades, as well as research in corpus linguistics since at least the development of the Brown corpus. With the shift towards Machine Learning in Artificial Intelligence (AI), the creation of datasets to be used for training and evaluating AI systems, also known in AI as corpora, has become a central activity in the field as well. Early AI datasets were created on an ad-hoc basis to tackle specific problems. As larger and more reusable datasets were created, requiring greater investment, the need for a more systematic approach to dataset creation arose to ensure increased quality. A range of statistical methods were adopted, often but not exclusively from the medical sciences, to ensure that the labels used were not subjective, or to choose among different labels provided by the coders. A wide variety of such methods is now in regular use. This book is meant to provide a survey of the most widely used among these statistical methods supporting annotation practice. As far as the authors know, this is the first book attempting to cover the two families of methods in wider use. The first family of methods is concerned with the development of labelling schemes and, in particular, ensuring that such schemes are such that sufficient agreement can be observed among the coders. The second family includes methods developed to analyze the output of coders once the scheme has been agreed upon, particularly although not exclusively to identify the most likely label for an item among those provided by the coders. The focus of this book is primarily on Natural Language Processing, the area of AI devoted to the development of models of language interpretation and production, but many if not most of the methods discussed here are also applicable to other areas of AI, or indeed, to other areas of Data Science.

Textual Information Access

Author : Eric Gaussier
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118562801
Total Pages : 334 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (185 download)

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Book Synopsis Textual Information Access by : Eric Gaussier

Download or read book Textual Information Access written by Eric Gaussier and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-02-04 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents statistical models that have recently been developed within several research communities to access information contained in text collections. The problems considered are linked to applications aiming at facilitating information access: - information extraction and retrieval; - text classification and clustering; - opinion mining; - comprehension aids (automatic summarization, machine translation, visualization). In order to give the reader as complete a description as possible, the focus is placed on the probability models used in the applications concerned, by highlighting the relationship between models and applications and by illustrating the behavior of each model on real collections. Textual Information Access is organized around four themes: informational retrieval and ranking models, classification and clustering (regression logistics, kernel methods, Markov fields, etc.), multilingualism and machine translation, and emerging applications such as information exploration. Contents Part 1: Information Retrieval 1. Probabilistic Models for Information Retrieval, Stéphane Clinchant and Eric Gaussier. 2. Learnable Ranking Models for Automatic Text Summarization and Information Retrieval, Massih-Réza Amini, David Buffoni, Patrick Gallinari, Tuong Vinh Truong and Nicolas Usunier. Part 2: Classification and Clustering 3. Logistic Regression and Text Classification, Sujeevan Aseervatham, Eric Gaussier, Anestis Antoniadis, Michel Burlet and Yves Denneulin. 4. Kernel Methods for Textual Information Access, Jean-Michel Renders. 5. Topic-Based Generative Models for Text Information Access, Jean-Cédric Chappelier. 6. Conditional Random Fields for Information Extraction, Isabelle Tellier and Marc Tommasi. Part 3: Multilingualism 7. Statistical Methods for Machine Translation, Alexandre Allauzen and François Yvon. Part 4: Emerging Applications 8. Information Mining: Methods and Interfaces for Accessing Complex Information, Josiane Mothe, Kurt Englmeier and Fionn Murtagh. 9. Opinion Detection as a Topic Classification Problem, Juan-Manuel Torres-Moreno, Marc El-Bèze, Patrice Bellot and Fréderic Béchet.

Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis

Author : Larry V. Hedges
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0080570658
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis by : Larry V. Hedges

Download or read book Statistical Methods for Meta-Analysis written by Larry V. Hedges and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-06-28 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main purpose of this book is to address the statistical issues for integrating independent studies. There exist a number of papers and books that discuss the mechanics of collecting, coding, and preparing data for a meta-analysis , and we do not deal with these. Because this book concerns methodology, the content necessarily is statistical, and at times mathematical. In order to make the material accessible to a wider audience, we have not provided proofs in the text. Where proofs are given, they are placed as commentary at the end of a chapter. These can be omitted at the discretion of the reader.Throughout the book we describe computational procedures whenever required. Many computations can be completed on a hand calculator, whereas some require the use of a standard statistical package such as SAS, SPSS, or BMD. Readers with experience using a statistical package or who conduct analyses such as multiple regression or analysis of variance should be able to carry out the analyses described with the aid of a statistical package.

Statistical Methods in Agriculture and Experimental Biology

Author : Roger Mead
Publisher : Chapman & Hall
ISBN 13 : 9780412242403
Total Pages : 335 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (424 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods in Agriculture and Experimental Biology by : Roger Mead

Download or read book Statistical Methods in Agriculture and Experimental Biology written by Roger Mead and published by Chapman & Hall. This book was released on 1983-01-01 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An introductory text for scientists working in agriculture and experimental biology, and for undergraduate and postgraduate students of these subjects, including all the basic statistical methods which are appropriate to the work of such scientists. This edition (1st, 1983) includes new material on the effective use of computers for statistical analysis, increased emphasis on the role of models in analyzing data, and a new chapter on the analysis of multiple and repeated measurements. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Natural Language Annotation for Machine Learning

Author : James Pustejovsky
Publisher : "O'Reilly Media, Inc."
ISBN 13 : 1449306667
Total Pages : 344 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (493 download)

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Book Synopsis Natural Language Annotation for Machine Learning by : James Pustejovsky

Download or read book Natural Language Annotation for Machine Learning written by James Pustejovsky and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2013 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Includes bibliographical references (p. 305-315) and index.

Design and Analysis of Reliability Studies

Author : Graham Dunn
Publisher : Halsted Press
ISBN 13 : 9780470220658
Total Pages : 198 pages
Book Rating : 4.2/5 (26 download)

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Book Synopsis Design and Analysis of Reliability Studies by : Graham Dunn

Download or read book Design and Analysis of Reliability Studies written by Graham Dunn and published by Halsted Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concerned with statistical problems of assessing the dependability, precision and bias of measurements. Using a practical approach, it features enough theoretical material enabling users of relevant techniques to understand why and how the vast array of concepts and methods can be applied. Coverage includes analysis of variance, linear regression and chi-square tests for two-way contingency tables.

Applied Statistics for Network Biology

Author : Matthias Dehmer
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527638083
Total Pages : 441 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)

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Book Synopsis Applied Statistics for Network Biology by : Matthias Dehmer

Download or read book Applied Statistics for Network Biology written by Matthias Dehmer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-04-08 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book introduces to the reader a number of cutting edge statistical methods which can e used for the analysis of genomic, proteomic and metabolomic data sets. In particular in the field of systems biology, researchers are trying to analyze as many data as possible in a given biological system (such as a cell or an organ). The appropriate statistical evaluation of these large scale data is critical for the correct interpretation and different experimental approaches require different approaches for the statistical analysis of these data. This book is written by biostatisticians and mathematicians but aimed as a valuable guide for the experimental researcher as well computational biologists who often lack an appropriate background in statistical analysis.

Statistical Methods for Engineers and Scientists

Author : Robert M. Bethea
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods for Engineers and Scientists by : Robert M. Bethea

Download or read book Statistical Methods for Engineers and Scientists written by Robert M. Bethea and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revised and expanded edition of a text that is intended as a basic introductory course in applied statistical methods for students of engineering and the physical sciences at the undergraduate level. Theoretical developments and mathematical treatment of the principles involved are included as needed for understanding of the validity of the techniques presented. The major changes in this edition are a new chapter on statistical process control and reliability, several added nonparametric techniques, and 30 added problems. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

Statistical Methods in Language and Linguistic Research

Author : Pascual Cantos Gómez
Publisher : Equinox Publishing (UK)
ISBN 13 : 9781845534325
Total Pages : 260 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (343 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods in Language and Linguistic Research by : Pascual Cantos Gómez

Download or read book Statistical Methods in Language and Linguistic Research written by Pascual Cantos Gómez and published by Equinox Publishing (UK). This book was released on 2013-01-01 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The linguistic community tend to regard statistical methods, or more generally quantitative techniques, with a certain amount of fear and suspicion. There is a feeling that statistics falls in the province of science and mathematics and such methods may destroy the magic of the literary text. This book seeks to make quantitative methods and statistical techniques less forbidding and show how they can contribute to linguistic analysis and research. It present some mathematical and statistical properties of natural languages and introduces some of the quantitative methods which are of the most value in working empirically with texts and corpora. The various issues are illustrated with helpful examples from the most basic descriptive techniques to decision-taking techniques and to more sophisticated multivariate statistical language models.

Statistics in Corpus Linguistics Research

Author : Sean Wallis
Publisher : Routledge
ISBN 13 : 0429958676
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (299 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistics in Corpus Linguistics Research by : Sean Wallis

Download or read book Statistics in Corpus Linguistics Research written by Sean Wallis and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-11-22 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Traditional approaches focused on significance tests have often been difficult for linguistics researchers to visualise. Statistics in Corpus Linguistics Research: A New Approach breaks these significance tests down for researchers in corpus linguistics and linguistic analysis, promoting a visual approach to understanding the performance of tests with real data, and demonstrating how to derive new intervals and tests. Accessibly written, this book discusses the ‘why’ behind the statistical model, allowing readers a greater facility for choosing their own methodologies. Accessibly written for those with little to no mathematical or statistical background, it explains the mathematical fundamentals of simple significance tests by relating them to confidence intervals. With sample datasets and easy-to-read visuals, this book focuses on practical issues, such as how to: • pose research questions in terms of choice and constraint; • employ confidence intervals correctly (including in graph plots); • select optimal significance tests (and what results mean); • measure the size of the effect of one variable on another; • estimate the similarity of distribution patterns; and • evaluate whether the results of two experiments significantly differ. Appropriate for anyone from the student just beginning their career to the seasoned researcher, this book is both a practical overview and valuable resource.

Bioinformatics in Aquaculture

Author : Zhanjiang (John) Liu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1118782356
Total Pages : 605 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (187 download)

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Book Synopsis Bioinformatics in Aquaculture by : Zhanjiang (John) Liu

Download or read book Bioinformatics in Aquaculture written by Zhanjiang (John) Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-04-17 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioinformatics derives knowledge from computer analysis of biological data. In particular, genomic and transcriptomic datasets are processed, analysed and, whenever possible, associated with experimental results from various sources, to draw structural, organizational, and functional information relevant to biology. Research in bioinformatics includes method development for storage, retrieval, and analysis of the data. Bioinformatics in Aquaculture provides the most up to date reviews of next generation sequencing technologies, their applications in aquaculture, and principles and methodologies for the analysis of genomic and transcriptomic large datasets using bioinformatic methods, algorithm, and databases. The book is unique in providing guidance for the best software packages suitable for various analysis, providing detailed examples of using bioinformatic software and command lines in the context of real world experiments. This book is a vital tool for all those working in genomics, molecular biology, biochemistry and genetics related to aquaculture, and computational and biological sciences.

Statistical Methods for Integrating Quantitative Trait Loci Annotation in Post-gwas Analysis

Author : Kunling Huang
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (14 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods for Integrating Quantitative Trait Loci Annotation in Post-gwas Analysis by : Kunling Huang

Download or read book Statistical Methods for Integrating Quantitative Trait Loci Annotation in Post-gwas Analysis written by Kunling Huang and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have highlighted the involvement of common genetic variants in complex traits and diseases. Data integration efforts linking GWAS signals with functional annotation data have provided insights into the genetic architecture of numerous human complex traits. For example, expression quantitative trait loci (eQTL) studies in relevant biological tissues provide gene candidates for complex diseases, which can be tested as therapeutic targets. Integrating multi-omics annotation data with GWAS association data brings in orthogonal information and improves the understanding of complex trait etiology. In this dissertation, we present two approaches to link genomic annotations to genotype-phenotype associations identified through GWAS. The two approaches both associate complex traits with genetically imputed molecular traits (i.e., gene expression levels and metabolite levels), and identify regulatory and metabolic machineries underlying a variety of complex traits.We start with integrating eQTLs with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in parent-offspring trios by quantifying the transmission disequilibrium of genetically regulated gene expression from parents to offspring and performing transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS). We identify transcription factor POU3F2 in our analysis. POU3F2 mainly expresses in developmental brain and the gene targets regulated by POU3F2 are enriched for known risk genes for ASD and loss-of-function de novo mutations in ASD probands. TWAS suggests that ASD genes affected by very rare mutations may be regulated by an unlinked transcription factor affected by common genetic variations. Next, we extend our TWAS framework to study the regulatory roles of metabolite quantitative trait loci (mQTL). We introduce metabolome-wide association study (MWAS), which integrates metabolomics data with genetics data. We benchmarked and optimized genetic prediction models for a total of 703 metabolites from cerebrospinal fluid, plasma, and urine, and performed a biobank-wide association scan between imputed metabolite levels and 530 complex traits in UK Biobank. We found a total of 1,311 significant metabolite-trait associations after performing Bonferroni correction across all tested associations. The significant MWAS results explain the difference in human body fat mass and body fat-free mass. In summary, we perform joint analysis on eQTL/mQTL data and complex trait GWAS to identify genes or metabolites relevant to complex traits. Our approaches improve our understanding of the phenotypic outcomes of non-coding genetic variations and may contribute to novel biomarker discovery, clinical diagnosis improvement, and therapeutics development.

Language Planning in China

Author : Li Yuming
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
ISBN 13 : 1614513929
Total Pages : 504 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (145 download)

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Book Synopsis Language Planning in China by : Li Yuming

Download or read book Language Planning in China written by Li Yuming and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a leading scholar who has been closely involved in language planning in China over many decades, this collection of essays is a critical reflection of the work the Chinese government and academics have undertaken in establishing appropriate policies regarding language standard, language use and language education. The essays contain unique insights into the thinking behind much of the language planning work in China today.

Statistical Methods, Computing, and Resources for Genome-Wide Association Studies

Author : Riyan Cheng
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889712125
Total Pages : 148 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (897 download)

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Book Synopsis Statistical Methods, Computing, and Resources for Genome-Wide Association Studies by : Riyan Cheng

Download or read book Statistical Methods, Computing, and Resources for Genome-Wide Association Studies written by Riyan Cheng and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Computational Methods for Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis

Author : Ion Mandoiu
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119272173
Total Pages : 518 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (192 download)

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Book Synopsis Computational Methods for Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis by : Ion Mandoiu

Download or read book Computational Methods for Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis written by Ion Mandoiu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-09-12 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduces readers to core algorithmic techniques for next-generation sequencing (NGS) data analysis and discusses a wide range of computational techniques and applications This book provides an in-depth survey of some of the recent developments in NGS and discusses mathematical and computational challenges in various application areas of NGS technologies. The 18 chapters featured in this book have been authored by bioinformatics experts and represent the latest work in leading labs actively contributing to the fast-growing field of NGS. The book is divided into four parts: Part I focuses on computing and experimental infrastructure for NGS analysis, including chapters on cloud computing, modular pipelines for metabolic pathway reconstruction, pooling strategies for massive viral sequencing, and high-fidelity sequencing protocols. Part II concentrates on analysis of DNA sequencing data, covering the classic scaffolding problem, detection of genomic variants, including insertions and deletions, and analysis of DNA methylation sequencing data. Part III is devoted to analysis of RNA-seq data. This part discusses algorithms and compares software tools for transcriptome assembly along with methods for detection of alternative splicing and tools for transcriptome quantification and differential expression analysis. Part IV explores computational tools for NGS applications in microbiomics, including a discussion on error correction of NGS reads from viral populations, methods for viral quasispecies reconstruction, and a survey of state-of-the-art methods and future trends in microbiome analysis. Computational Methods for Next Generation Sequencing Data Analysis: Reviews computational techniques such as new combinatorial optimization methods, data structures, high performance computing, machine learning, and inference algorithms Discusses the mathematical and computational challenges in NGS technologies Covers NGS error correction, de novo genome transcriptome assembly, variant detection from NGS reads, and more This text is a reference for biomedical professionals interested in expanding their knowledge of computational techniques for NGS data analysis. The book is also useful for graduate and post-graduate students in bioinformatics.

Practical Data Analytics for Innovation in Medicine

Author : Gary D. Miner
Publisher : Academic Press
ISBN 13 : 0323952755
Total Pages : 578 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (239 download)

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Book Synopsis Practical Data Analytics for Innovation in Medicine by : Gary D. Miner

Download or read book Practical Data Analytics for Innovation in Medicine written by Gary D. Miner and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2023-02-08 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical Data Analytics for Innovation in Medicine: Building Real Predictive and Prescriptive Models in Personalized Healthcare and Medical Research Using AI, ML, and Related Technologies, Second Edition discusses the needs of healthcare and medicine in the 21st century, explaining how data analytics play an important and revolutionary role. With healthcare effectiveness and economics facing growing challenges, there is a rapidly emerging movement to fortify medical treatment and administration by tapping the predictive power of big data, such as predictive analytics, which can bolster patient care, reduce costs, and deliver greater efficiencies across a wide range of operational functions. Sections bring a historical perspective, highlight the importance of using predictive analytics to help solve health crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic, provide access to practical step-by-step tutorials and case studies online, and use exercises based on real-world examples of successful predictive and prescriptive tools and systems. The final part of the book focuses on specific technical operations related to quality, cost-effective medical and nursing care delivery and administration brought by practical predictive analytics. Brings a historical perspective in medical care to discuss both the current status of health care delivery worldwide and the importance of using modern predictive analytics to help solve the health care crisis Provides online tutorials on several predictive analytics systems to help readers apply their knowledge on today’s medical issues and basic research Teaches how to develop effective predictive analytic research and to create decisioning/prescriptive analytic systems to make medical decisions quicker and more accurate