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Spin Pumping And Spin Transport In Magnetic Heterostructures
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Book Synopsis Spin Pumping and Spin Transport in Magnetic Heterostructures by : Eric Montoya
Download or read book Spin Pumping and Spin Transport in Magnetic Heterostructures written by Eric Montoya and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High quality, ultrathin magnetic films were prepared by means of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). Magnetization dynamics and anisotropies were studied by means of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) in GaAs.
Book Synopsis Spin Transport and Dynamics in Magnetic Heterostructures by : Jack T. Brangham
Download or read book Spin Transport and Dynamics in Magnetic Heterostructures written by Jack T. Brangham and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spintronics research over the past two decades has focused on developing an understanding of spin transport in materials currently used in the semiconductor industry for potential spin-based applications. Recently, a surge of interest in spin transport in antiferromagnetic materials and spin interactions in novel materials have led to many promising discoveries. The work in this dissertation explores discrepancies in past discoveries, provides evidence to support recent theories on antiferromagnetic (AFM) spin transport, and develops the capabilities to further explore spin physics in novel states of matter. This dissertation focuses on four primary topics. First, a thickness dependence of the spin Hall angle in Au is discussed as a potential explanation for a large variance in the previously reported values. Second, evidence supporting a highly efficient mode of spin transport mediated by AFM fluctuations is found in the temperature dependence of the spin pumping signal in Pt/NiO/Y3Fe5O12 trilayers. Third, a new low damping metallic ferromagnet is developed and characterized as a potential platform for future spintronic research. Finally, a molecular beam epitaxy system is established with the capabilities to prepare topologically insulating materials that are predicted to host many novel phenomena.
Download or read book Spin Current written by Sadamichi Maekawa and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017 with total page 541 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a new branch of physics and technology, called spin-electronics or spintronics, the flow of electrical charge (usual current) as well as the flow of electron spin, the so-called "spin current", are manipulated and controlled together. This book is intended to provide an introduction and guide to the new physics and applications of spin current.
Book Synopsis World Scientific Reference On Spin In Organics (In 4 Volumes) by : Zeev Valy Vardeny
Download or read book World Scientific Reference On Spin In Organics (In 4 Volumes) written by Zeev Valy Vardeny and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-12-27 with total page 1364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference work on Spin in Organics contains four volumes dedicated to spin injection, spin transport, spin pumping, organic magnetic field effect, and molecular spintronics. The field of Organic Spintronics has accelerated and matured in the last dozen years with the realization of an organic spin-valve (in 2004) and magneto-resistance and magneto-electroluminescence in organic optoelectronic devices (2006).The book series is comprehensive in that it summarizes all aspects of Organic Spintronics to date. The first two volumes deal with spin injection, spin transport, spin manipulation and spin pumping into organic semiconductors. The main device that is thoroughly discussed here is the organic spin-valve, where spinterface states at the interface between the organic semiconductor and the ferromagnetic (FM) electrode has been the focus of many chapters. An interesting emerging subject is the role of chirality in the organic layer of the device. A relatively new method of achieving spin aligned carriers in organic semiconductors is spin pumping, where magnons in the FM substrate generate spin aligned carriers in the organic layer at the FM/organic interface.The third volume deals mainly with magnetic field effect in organic devices. Several spin-mixture processes that lead to magnetic field effect in devices and films are thoroughly discussed, such as hyperfine interaction, direct spin-orbit coupling, indirect spin-orbit coupling via Δg, triplet-triplet annihilation, and thermal spin alignment. The similarity between the magnetic field effect obtained in optoelectronic devices based on organic semiconductors and the novel hybrid organic-inorganic semiconductors is also a subject of intense interest. The fourth volume deals with spin in molecular films and devices. It includes thorough discussion of spin exchange interaction that leads to organic ferromagnets, as well as manifestation of various spin interactions in thin molecular films and devices.
Book Synopsis Interactions Between Spin Transport and Dynamics Studied Using Spatially Resolved Imaging and Magnetic Resonance by : Michael Roy Page
Download or read book Interactions Between Spin Transport and Dynamics Studied Using Spatially Resolved Imaging and Magnetic Resonance written by Michael Roy Page and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, I explore the interactions that occur between transported spins and magnetization dynamics using spatially resolved imaging and magnetic resonance. The integration of spin transport and dynamics will be a crucial aspect of realizing spintronic devices, which seek to improve upon current charge based electronics. Rather than focusing on the charge degree of freedom as in traditional electronics, spintronics seeks to utilize the properties of the electron spin degree of freedom to revolutionize the fundamental operating principles of data processing and storage devices. Spintronics promises greater functionality and energy efficiency in devices based on electron spin. However, improved understanding and control of the spin degree of freedom is required for spintronics to reach its full potential. The work in this dissertation represents efforts towards addressing these requirements. I discuss my work relating to the development of a custom scanned probe microscope allowing simultaneous spatially resolved imaging while imposing transport in electrically active spintronic devices. Using this microscope, I correlate the switching of magnetic electrodes in a graphene spin valve to the resistance states by directly imaging the electrode magnetization configuration while simultaneously measuring the non-local magnetoresistance. I investigate interactions between a ferromagnet driven into resonance and proximal nitrogen vacancy centers in diamond. Spinwaves generated during the decay of the uniform mode driven to ferromagnetic resonance relax the diamond nitrogen vacancy center spins resulting in a change in the fluorescence intensity. This technique allows the study of transport of angular momentum between two separated spin systems, as well as the possibility for the nanoscale imaging of magnetization dynamics. I demonstrate Heusler alloy ferromagnetic materials as high spin polarization spin injectors for device applications by studying their magnetoresistive output as a function of composition at room and low temperatures. Spin injection efficiency is another important aspect in the performance of spintronic devices, and optimization of spin injection will be of importance in creating realistic devices. Another promising avenue for spin injection relies on the spin Hall effect. I discuss efforts at using the spin Hall effect in platinum to inject spins into an aluminum channel to be detected in another platinum electrode by the inverse spin Hall effect without the need for a ferromagnet, thus reducing complications resulting from the stray field of typical ferromagnetic injectors. I discuss exploration of spin pumping devices based on metallic and insulating ferromagnet/graphene bilayers using ferromagnetic resonance and electrical detection of the inverse spin Hall effect. Spin pumping represents another opportunity to study interactions of spin transport and magnetization dynamics, in this case leveraged for efficient spin injection. Finally, I perform magnetic resonance measurements of thin film iron germanium skyrmionic candidate materials. Skrymions are a candidate for high density and low power magnetic recording. Measuring the dynamics of these materials will be important for a full characterization of their properties. I demonstrate detection of multiple magnetic phases in this material, and show evidence of large internal fields, which may be of interest in stabilizing skrymions in thin films.
Book Synopsis Handbook of Spin Transport and Magnetism by : Evgeny Y. Tsymbal
Download or read book Handbook of Spin Transport and Magnetism written by Evgeny Y. Tsymbal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2011-08-25 with total page 809 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past several decades, the research on spin transport and magnetism has led to remarkable scientific and technological breakthroughs, including Albert Fert and Peter Grünberg’s Nobel Prize-winning discovery of giant magnetoresistance (GMR) in magnetic metallic multilayers. Handbook of Spin Transport and Magnetism provides a comprehensive, balanced account of the state of the art in the field known as spin electronics or spintronics. It reveals how key phenomena first discovered in one class of materials, such as spin injection in metals, have been revisited decades later in other materials systems, including silicon, organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carefully engineered nanostructures. The first section of the book offers a historical and personal perspective of the field written by Nobel Prize laureate Albert Fert. The second section addresses physical phenomena, such as GMR, in hybrid structures of ferromagnetic and normal metals. The third section discusses recent developments in spin-dependent tunneling, including magnetic tunnel junctions with ferroelectric barriers. In the fourth section, the contributors look at how to control spin and magnetism in semiconductors. In the fifth section, they examine phenomena typically found in nanostructures made from metals, superconductors, molecular magnets, carbon nanotubes, quantum dots, and graphene. The final section covers novel spin-based applications, including advanced magnetic sensors, nonvolatile magnetoresistive random access memory, and semiconductor spin-lasers. The techniques and materials of spintronics have rapidly evolved in recent years, leading to vast improvements in hard drive storage and magnetic sensing. With extensive cross-references between chapters, this seminal handbook provides a complete guide to spin transport and magnetism across various classes of materials and structures.
Book Synopsis Quantum Spin Transport and Collective Magnetic Dynamics in Heterostructures by : Scott Andrew Bender
Download or read book Quantum Spin Transport and Collective Magnetic Dynamics in Heterostructures written by Scott Andrew Bender and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis advances the theory of quantum and semiclassical transport in magnetic heterostructures. In the solid state, angular momentum can be carried by individual electrons and collective modes. The flow of angular momentum (a spin current), central to the operation of spintronic devices, is generated by the application of electric and magnetic fields and temperature gradients. In what follows, we explore the physics of such nonequilibrium spin currents in magnetic structures, involving an interplay of charge and magnetic dynamics and thermoelectric effects. Chapter 1 provides an introduction to the transport of spin in magnets, carried by electrons and collective excitations of the magnetic order. Chapters 2-6 study the role of thermal fluctuations in transport and magnetic dynamics. In Chapter 2, we describe how incoherent thermal fluctuations of the spin density (magnons), which open inelastic scattering channels, contribute to spin and energy transport between a normal metal and a magnet. Such (temperature-dependent) transport may arise from a thermal gradient applied across the metal/magnet interface or a spin accumulation inside the normal metal and may alter or even drive magnetic dynamics. Chapter 3, is dedicated to the realization of Bose-Einstein condensed magnons (previously observed by microwave pumping) in a normal metal/insulating ferromagnet heterostructure. As is described in Chapter 2, the combination of a temperature gradient and normal metal spin accumulation can drive spin into the insulating ferromagnet, accumulating as magnons; upon reaching a critical density, the magnons, which are bosonic, spontaneously form a quasi-equilibrium condensate. Chapter 4 focuses on thermally driven spin-torques in electrically insulating structures, wherein direct electric control of magnetic dynamics is prohibited. In contrast to the interfacial transport described in Chapter 2, where a spin accumulation is to necessary to observe magnetic dynamics, here we demonstrate how spin-torques can arise from a pure thermal gradient in a heterostructure. These spin-torques can be measured by ferromagnetic resonance and can, under a sufficiently strong bias, actuate magnetic switching. Chapter 5 concerns charge transport in a single-electron transistor, consisting of a magnetic quantum dot in contact with magnetic and normal metal leads. Microwave-driven precession by the dot induces a pumped electric current, which can be enhanced and made highly nonlinear by electron interactions (Coulomb blockade). The dependence of the resulting electrical response on the power and spectrum of microwave irradiation may be utilized to develop nanoscale microwave detectors analogous to single-electron transistor-based electrostatic sensors and nanoelectromechanical devices. In Chapter 6 we study bilayers, composed of a nonmagnetic conducting and a magnetic layer. We develop a general phenomenology for the magnetic and charge dynamics, which are coupled by spin-orbit interactions. In contrast to Chapters 2-4, we focus on the long-wavelength magnetic dynamics, which is subject to current-induced torques and produces fictitious electromotive forces that drive charge dynamics.}
Book Synopsis Handbook of Spintronics by : Yongbing Xu
Download or read book Handbook of Spintronics written by Yongbing Xu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-10-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over two volumes and 1500 pages, the Handbook of Spintronics will cover all aspects of spintronics science and technology, including fundamental physics, materials properties and processing, established and emerging device technology and applications. Comprising 60 chapters from a large international team of leading researchers across academia and industry, the Handbook provides readers with an up-to-date and comprehensive review of this dynamic field of research. The opening chapters focus on the fundamental physical principles of spintronics in metals and semiconductors, including an introduction to spin quantum computing. Materials systems are then considered, with sections on metallic thin films and multilayers, magnetic tunnelling structures, hybrids, magnetic semiconductors and molecular spintronic materials. A separate section reviews the various characterisation methods appropriate to spintronics materials, including STM, spin-polarised photoemission, x-ray diffraction techniques and spin-polarised SEM. The third part of the Handbook contains chapters on the state of the art in device technology and applications, including spin valves, GMR and MTJ devices, MRAM technology, spin transistors and spin logic devices, spin torque devices, spin pumping and spin dynamics and other topics such as spin caloritronics. Each chapter considers the challenges faced by researchers in that area and contains some indications of the direction that future work in the field is likely to take. This reference work will be an essential and long-standing resource for the spintronics community.
Book Synopsis Spin Current Propagation in Metallic Heterostructure by : Pavlo Omelchenko
Download or read book Spin Current Propagation in Metallic Heterostructure written by Pavlo Omelchenko and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Magnetic and structural studies of sputter deposited Py(an alloys, Ni80Fe20) and [Py/Fe] thin films allowed for the characterization of their magnetization dynamics properties relevant for subsequent studies. Spin transport and structural studies of Ta in Py/Ta (single magnetic layer) and Py/Ta/[Py/Fe] (double magnetic layer) structures were performed by spin-pumping. It was found that in order to extract self-consistent spin-pumping parameters it is important to study both the single and double magnetic layer structures. Ferromagnetic resonance studies of Py/Pt/[Py/Fe] multilayers reveal interlayer exchange coupling of ferromagnetic nature. The coupling strength is interpreted by the proximity polarization of the Pt due to the neighboring ferromagnets. The coupled layers exhibit optical and acoustic modes of resonance which provide a very stringent test for the spin-pumping model. The induced magnetic damping of the two modes is found to be very well described by the spin-pumping model suggesting a communication of spin-current between the two magnetic layers. No significant spin memory loss contribution is observed. Lastly, the spin-pumping model is studied in a system in which the coupling is interrupted by a Au spacer layer: Py/Au/Pt/Co. It is found that spin-transport across the Au/Pt interface cannot be modeled by the continuity of chemical potential or the continuity of spin accumulation boundary conditions. A new model is presented which treats Pt as a partial spin-sink and results in good fit to all the data sets. Importantly, both the model and data suggest a large asymmetry in spin transport across the Au/Pt interface.
Book Synopsis Magnetization and Spin Dynamics in Complex Oxide Heterostructures by : Jacob John Wisser
Download or read book Magnetization and Spin Dynamics in Complex Oxide Heterostructures written by Jacob John Wisser and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Information processing via pure spin currents requires new materials for efficient generation and transport of pure spin currents. One promising class of materials for this application is the complex oxides, which offer a wide variety of properties including ferromagnetic insulating behavior, superconductivity, and antiferromagnetism. I will explore each of these properties for spintronic applications in this thesis. I have developed a series of low damping ferromagnetic insulators in thin film form as a medium for low loss spin wave propagation. I optimized the thickness and composition of MgAl(2-x)FexO4 (MAFO) thin films for low Gilbert damping measured via ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). In an effort to understand spin current transport across interfaces and quantify spin transport parameters, I then interfaced MAFO thin films with Cu and Pt capping layers and compared this system to another spinel ferrite used for spin current generation, Ni0.65Zn0.35Al0.8Fe1.2O4 (NZAFO). I found the interfaces in these heterostructures played a dominant role in the FMR properties, so much so that quantifying spin current transport parameters became difficult. To eliminate the polycrystalline interface and improve transport across the interface, I then interfaced MAFO with another spinel oxide, CrCo2O4. Even in this isostructural bilayer, I found the interface dominated the FMR properties and led to damping increases on the order of that observed in MAFO/Pt bilayers. These results highlighted the importance of considering the interface in spin pumping heterostructures when analyzing spin transport parameters. In the next part of the thesis, I investigate the interaction between superconductivity and spin current transport in isostructural La0.67Sr0.33MnO3 (LSMO)/ YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) bilayers. Superconductors have the potential to have extremely long spin diffusion lengths, but these parameters have yet to be measured in anisotropic d-wave superconductors such as YBCO. Using a custom FMR insert for our cryostat, I probed spin current transport across the superconducting transition. However, I again found the interface between the LSMO and YBCO layers played an important role. The diffuse layer between the two led to complex behavior across the superconducting transition that was due to other sources of damping increase than spin pumping, such as two-magnon scattering (TMS) processes. To alleviate this issue, I also studied YBCO / Ni20Fe80 bilayers, which were known to have a lower contribution from TMS. While I did find some evidence for the coexistence of spin pumping and superconductivity in these bilayers, the polycrystalline interface appeared to play an important role in the spin dynamics. As before these results underscored the importance of the spin source/sink interface when analyzing spin pumping heterostructures. In the final part of the thesis, I developed antiferromagnetic materials for high-frequency spintronic applications. Antiferromagnetic materials have much higher characteristic frequencies, pushing the timescale for dynamics into the THz regime. I began with fabricating free-standing NiO membranes for ultrafast electron diffraction (UED) experiments. I used a new technique to fabricate oxide membranes, and maintained high crystalline quality and orientation while transferring thin films onto Si TEM grids for the UED experiment. I will then present analysis of the Debye-Waller effect in (001) NiO membranes. I then characterized the structure and spin-Hall magnetoresistance in Cr2O3 thin films on various orientations of Al2O3 substrates. Cr2O3 has been shown to undergo resonance at high frequencies in bulk, but there has yet to be an analogous study for thin films. I measured a crossover between ferromagnetic behavior dominated by uncompensated moments at the surface and bulk antiferromagnetic behavior in the magneotransport. These results combined demonstrated the viability of the NiO and Cr2O3 systems for future experiments for high-frequency spintronic applications.
Book Synopsis Introduction to Spintronics by : Supriyo Bandyopadhyay
Download or read book Introduction to Spintronics written by Supriyo Bandyopadhyay and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-09-18 with total page 650 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Spintronics provides an accessible, organized, and progressive presentation of the quantum mechanical concept of spin and the technology of using it to store, process, and communicate information. Fully updated and expanded to 18 chapters, this Second Edition:Reflects the explosion of study in spin-related physics, addressing seven
Book Synopsis Understanding of Pure Spin Transport in a Broad Range of Y3Fe5O12 -based Heterostructure by : Hailong Wang
Download or read book Understanding of Pure Spin Transport in a Broad Range of Y3Fe5O12 -based Heterostructure written by Hailong Wang and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spin currents carried by mobile charges in metallic and semiconducting ferromagnetic (FM) and nonmagnetic (NM) materials have been the central focus of spintronics for the past two decades, while spin transport in insulators is largely unexplored. Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) driven spin pumping has awakened intense interest in magnon-mediated spin currents which can propagate in both conducting and insulating FMs and in antiferromagnets (AF). High quality Y3Fe5O12 (YIG) epitaxial thin films have been grown by our off-axis sputtering technique and characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) atomic force microscopy (AFM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) et al. Due to the exceptional low damping constants and insulating nature, YIG thin films have been regarded as one of the most promising candidates for microwave application and dynamic spin transport study, particularly for the detection of pure spin currents in YIG/NM bilayer structures.
Book Synopsis Materials Development and Spin Transport Study of Magnetic Insulator Based Heterostructures by : Chi Tang
Download or read book Materials Development and Spin Transport Study of Magnetic Insulator Based Heterostructures written by Chi Tang and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first chapter of this dissertation gives a brief introduction to the spintronics research by introducing some essential concepts in the spintronics field and the most recent spin transport phenomena.
Book Synopsis Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition: Spin Transport and Magnetism by : Evgeny Y. Tsymbal
Download or read book Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition: Spin Transport and Magnetism written by Evgeny Y. Tsymbal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 670 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spintronics Handbook, Second Edition offers an update on the single most comprehensive survey of the two intertwined fields of spintronics and magnetism, covering the diverse array of materials and structures, including silicon, organic semiconductors, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and engineered nanostructures. It focuses on seminal pioneering work, together with the latest in cutting-edge advances, notably extended discussion of two-dimensional materials beyond graphene, topological insulators, skyrmions, and molecular spintronics. The main sections cover physical phenomena, spin-dependent tunneling, control of spin and magnetism in semiconductors, and spin-based applications.
Book Synopsis Spin Dynamics and Damping in Ferromagnetic Thin Films and Nanostructures by : Anjan Barman
Download or read book Spin Dynamics and Damping in Ferromagnetic Thin Films and Nanostructures written by Anjan Barman and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-27 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest developments in the field of spin dynamics and magnetic damping. It discusses the various ways to tune damping, specifically, dynamic and static control in a ferromagnetic layer/heavy metal layer. In addition, it addresses all optical detection techniques for the investigation of modulation of damping, for example, the time-resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect technique.
Book Synopsis Spin Transport in Rare Earth Magnetic Heterostructures by : Aidan Thomas Hindmarch
Download or read book Spin Transport in Rare Earth Magnetic Heterostructures written by Aidan Thomas Hindmarch and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spin Transport in Ferromagnet-semiconductor Heterostructures by : Abdel Isakovic
Download or read book Spin Transport in Ferromagnet-semiconductor Heterostructures written by Abdel Isakovic and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 398 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
