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Specification Des Objets Partages Dans Les Systemes Repartis Sans Attente
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Book Synopsis Spécification des objets partagés dans les systèmes répartis sans-attente by : Matthieu Perrin
Download or read book Spécification des objets partagés dans les systèmes répartis sans-attente written by Matthieu Perrin and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 203 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dans les systèmes répartis à très grande échelle, les critères de cohérence forts comme la cohérence séquentielle et la linéarisabilité sont souvent trop coûteux, voire impossibles à obtenir. Dans cette thèse, nous nous posons la question de la spécification des objets que l’on peut tout de même obtenir. Nous soutenons qu’il est toujours possible de séparer leur spécification en deux facettes : un type de données abstrait qui spécifie l’aspect fonctionnel des opérations et un critère de cohérence faible qui décrit la qualité de service garantie par l’objet dans son environnement réparti. Nous illustrons ces concepts par une mise en oeuvre dans le langage D : les types de données abstraits sont les classes du programme et les critères de cohérence sont choisis dans une liste fournie par la bibliothèque CODS. Nous dressons une carte de l’espace des critères faibles organisée autour de trois familles de critères primaires (localité d’état, convergence et validité) et trois familles de critères secondaires (cohérence d’écritures, cohérence pipeline et sérialisabilité). Chaque critère secondaire renforce deux critères primaires, mais les trois critères primaires ne peuvent pas être implémentés ensembles dans les systèmes considérés. Nous étudions également l’effet de la causalité sur ces familles.
Book Synopsis Efficient Protocols for Generalized Consensus and Partial Replication by : Pierre Sutra
Download or read book Efficient Protocols for Generalized Consensus and Partial Replication written by Pierre Sutra and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Un objet partagé est un objet accédé logiquement par plusieurs processus à la fois. Le placement sur plusieurs machines d'une copie physique d'un objet partagé est appelée réplication. La réplication permet d'accroître la disponibilité et les performances d'accès des objets partagés dans un système réparti. Cette technique joue un rôle primordiale dans les systèmes d'information modernes. Toutefois, la réplication pose le problèmes de la gestion de la cohérence des répliques en présence d'accès concurrents en écriture, de disfonctionnalités du réseau, ou de défaillances matérielles et logicielles. Consensus est la primitive de communication centrale à la construction d'objets partagés dans un système réparti. La complexité en temps, ou latence, de consensus détermine par conséquent les performances du système dans son ensemble. L'amélioration de la latence de consensus a fait l'objet de nombreux travaux dans la communauté des systèmes répartis. En particulier, l'algorithme Paxos constitue une solution efficace et bien connue à consensus. Dans un article récent, Lamport améliore Paxos.en prenant en compte la commutativité des opérations. La nouvelle primitive de communication obtenue, dénommée Genereralized Paxos, réduit la latence de Paxos lorsque les accès concurrents sont soit commutatifs soit spontanément ordonnés par le réseau. Cependant lorsqu'une collision a lieu, c'est à dire que deux répliques reçoivent des opérations concurrentes et non-commutatives dans des ordres différents, la latence de Generalized Paxos est supérieure à celle de Paxos. Dans la première partie de cette thèse nous présentons un nouvel algorithme pour résoudre le consensus: FGGC. FGGC réduit le délai de recouvrement de Generalized Paxos lorsqu'une collision a lieu. Au cours des exécutions sans faute, la latence de FGGC est optimale: deux étapes de communication si les processus reçoivent les opérations non-commutatives dans le même ordre, et trois dans le cas inverse. Par ailleurs, notre algorithme est optimal au regard des fautes: il tolère f
Book Synopsis PROMOTION DE LA SANTE ET AUTONOMISATION DANS LE CONTEXTE AFRICAIN by : David HouŽto
Download or read book PROMOTION DE LA SANTE ET AUTONOMISATION DANS LE CONTEXTE AFRICAIN written by David HouŽto and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2014-02-26 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le terme promotion de la santé en Afrique, près de 30 ans après l'adoption de la Charte d'Ottawa, continue d'avoir des connotations complètement hors du sens que lui confère cette charte. Cela n'est pas étonnant quand on sait que la notion de santé dans ce contexte africain équivaut à la lutte contre la maladie à travers les soins de santé dispensés par des professionnels de la santé dans des formations sanitaires et les hôpitaux. L'évolution que connait le continent depuis quelques décennies est de donner un peu plus de place à la communauté à travers les relais communautaires dans une participation communautaire vidée de son contenu, car le pouvoir n'est jamais passé entre les mains des communautés.C'est au vu de tout ceci que le présent ouvrage à sa raison d'être pour expliquer les fondements de l'autonomisation communautaire et de la promotion de la santé avec leur importance pour la région africaine en proie aux mauvais indicateurs de santé comparativement aux autres régions du monde.
Book Synopsis Architecture Competitions and the Production of Culture, Quality and Knowledge by : Jean-Pierre Chupin
Download or read book Architecture Competitions and the Production of Culture, Quality and Knowledge written by Jean-Pierre Chupin and published by Potential Architecture Books. This book was released on 2015-01-26 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Winner of the 2016 Bronze medal in Architecture, Independent Publisher Book Awards] This book comprises a series of 22 case studies by renowned experts and new scholars in the field of architecture competition research. In 2015, it constitutes the most comprehensive survey of the dynamics behind the definition, organization, judging, archiving and publishing of architectural, landscape and urban design competitions in the world. These richly documented contributions revolve around a few questions that can be summarized in a two-fold critical interrogation: How can design competitions - these historical democratic devices, both praised and dreaded by designers - be considered laboratories for the production of environmental design quality, and, ultimately, for the renewing of culture and knowledge? Includes 340 illustrations, bibliographical references and index of over 200 cited competitions. Keywords: Architecture / International competitions / Architectural judgment / Design thinking / Digital archiving (databases) / Architectural publications / Architectural experimentation / Landscape architecture / Urban studies
Book Synopsis Fault-Tolerant Message-Passing Distributed Systems by : Michel Raynal
Download or read book Fault-Tolerant Message-Passing Distributed Systems written by Michel Raynal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-09-08 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the most important fault-tolerant distributed programming abstractions and their associated distributed algorithms, in particular in terms of reliable communication and agreement, which lie at the heart of nearly all distributed applications. These programming abstractions, distributed objects or services, allow software designers and programmers to cope with asynchrony and the most important types of failures such as process crashes, message losses, and malicious behaviors of computing entities, widely known under the term "Byzantine fault-tolerance". The author introduces these notions in an incremental manner, starting from a clear specification, followed by algorithms which are first described intuitively and then proved correct. The book also presents impossibility results in classic distributed computing models, along with strategies, mainly failure detectors and randomization, that allow us to enrich these models. In this sense, the book constitutes an introduction to the science of distributed computing, with applications in all domains of distributed systems, such as cloud computing and blockchains. Each chapter comes with exercises and bibliographic notes to help the reader approach, understand, and master the fascinating field of fault-tolerant distributed computing.
Book Synopsis Concurrent Programming: Algorithms, Principles, and Foundations by : Michel Raynal
Download or read book Concurrent Programming: Algorithms, Principles, and Foundations written by Michel Raynal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-30 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is devoted to the most difficult part of concurrent programming, namely synchronization concepts, techniques and principles when the cooperating entities are asynchronous, communicate through a shared memory, and may experience failures. Synchronization is no longer a set of tricks but, due to research results in recent decades, it relies today on sane scientific foundations as explained in this book. In this book the author explains synchronization and the implementation of concurrent objects, presenting in a uniform and comprehensive way the major theoretical and practical results of the past 30 years. Among the key features of the book are a new look at lock-based synchronization (mutual exclusion, semaphores, monitors, path expressions); an introduction to the atomicity consistency criterion and its properties and a specific chapter on transactional memory; an introduction to mutex-freedom and associated progress conditions such as obstruction-freedom and wait-freedom; a presentation of Lamport's hierarchy of safe, regular and atomic registers and associated wait-free constructions; a description of numerous wait-free constructions of concurrent objects (queues, stacks, weak counters, snapshot objects, renaming objects, etc.); a presentation of the computability power of concurrent objects including the notions of universal construction, consensus number and the associated Herlihy's hierarchy; and a survey of failure detector-based constructions of consensus objects. The book is suitable for advanced undergraduate students and graduate students in computer science or computer engineering, graduate students in mathematics interested in the foundations of process synchronization, and practitioners and engineers who need to produce correct concurrent software. The reader should have a basic knowledge of algorithms and operating systems.
Book Synopsis Distributed Computing by : Hagit Attiya
Download or read book Distributed Computing written by Hagit Attiya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-03-25 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: * Comprehensive introduction to the fundamental results in the mathematical foundations of distributed computing * Accompanied by supporting material, such as lecture notes and solutions for selected exercises * Each chapter ends with bibliographical notes and a set of exercises * Covers the fundamental models, issues and techniques, and features some of the more advanced topics
Download or read book Terra 2008 written by Leslie Rainer and published by Getty Publications. This book was released on 2011-06-14 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Earthen architecture constitutes one of the most diverse forms of cultural heritage and one of the most challenging to preserve. It dates from all periods and is found on all continents but is particularly prevalent in Africa, where it has been a building tradition for centuries. Sites range from ancestral cities in Mali to the palaces of Abomey in Benin, from monuments and mosques in Iran and Buddhist temples on the Silk Road to Spanish missions in California. This volume's sixty-four papers address such themes as earthen architecture in Mali, the conservation of living sites, local knowledge systems and intangible aspects, seismic and other natural forces, the conservation and management of archaeological sites, research advances, and training.
Book Synopsis Water & Heritage by : Willem Willems
Download or read book Water & Heritage written by Willem Willems and published by . This book was released on 2017-01-15 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water is vital for life, and its availability has been a concern for mankind throughout the ages. Its presence has always been ascertained in a variety of ways and the development of human society everywhere is connected with various forms of water management. Man also needed to manage water to find protection from its dangers and the need for that is increasing. In the coming decades, the impact of climate change is expected to intensify floods and droughts, affect groundwater resources, raise sea levels, increase pollution and enhance the frequency and magnitude of disasters. Societies around the world are challenged to adapt to these threats to ensure water security, economic prosperity and environmental and cultural sustainability. This book deals with the heritage of water management and the use that was made of water, as well as the impact of water management on heritage. An example of the former may be an ancient irrigation system in the Filipines or in the Middle East that still functions today, while the latter may reflect the importance of maintaining groundwater levels for the preservation of organic remains on archaeological sites or of wooden piles underneath standing buildings. In either case the papers in this book reflect the dynamic nature of water, and hence the equally dynamic relation between water management and heritage. This publication follows up on a Heritage and Water conference in Amsterdam, the first of its kind. Its main purpose is to credibly present the importance and value of heritage and historical experience for water and sustainable development, and vice versa, present the importance of water management for the protection of heritage. It presents evolving insights and concepts about Water and about Heritage from a variety of disciplines, policy and public perspectives illustrated with cases studies and aims to connect decision makers with experts such as engineers, archaeologists, historians, geographers, ecologist and landscape architects
Book Synopsis United Nations Yearbook of the International Law Commission by : United Nations. International Law Commission
Download or read book United Nations Yearbook of the International Law Commission written by United Nations. International Law Commission and published by . This book was released on 1956 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Synchronization Algorithms and Concurrent Programming by : Gadi Taubenfeld
Download or read book Synchronization Algorithms and Concurrent Programming written by Gadi Taubenfeld and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 2006 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The first textbook that focuses purely on Synchronization - a fundamental challenge in Computer Science that is fast becoming a major performance and design issue for concurrent programming on modern architectures, and for the design of distributed systems.
Author :Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Publisher :Food & Agriculture Org. ISBN 13 :9251305536 Total Pages :435 pages Book Rating :4.2/5 (513 download)
Book Synopsis Regional Conference on building a future for sustainable small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea by : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Download or read book Regional Conference on building a future for sustainable small-scale fisheries in the Mediterranean and the Black Sea written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2018-10-31 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: According to the report, the conference focused on the main challenges for the sustainable development of small-scale fisheries, including promoting political commitment and tailored strategies, raising awareness, and sharing knowledge.
Book Synopsis The Disappearing Computer by : Norbert Streitz
Download or read book The Disappearing Computer written by Norbert Streitz and published by Springer. This book was released on 2007-07-20 with total page 314 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines how the computer, as we currently know it, will be replaced by a new generation of technologies, moving computing off the desktop and ultimately integrating it with real world objects and everyday environments. It provides a unique combination of concepts, methods and prototypes of ubiquitous and pervasive computing reflecting the current interest in smart environments and ambient intelligence.
Book Synopsis Divine Names on the Spot by : Fabio Porzia
Download or read book Divine Names on the Spot written by Fabio Porzia and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 'Ancient Greek and Semitic languages resorted to a large range of words to name the divine. Gods and goddesses were called by a variety of names and combinations of onomastic attributes. This broad lexicon of names is characterised by plurality and a tendency to build on different sequences of names; therefore, the Mapping Ancient Polytheisms project focuses on the process of naming the divine in order to better understand the ancient divine in terms of a plurality in the making. A fundamental rule for reading ancient divine names is to grasp them in their context - time and place, a ritual, the form of the discourse, a cultural milieu...: a deity is usually named according to a specific situation. From Artemis Eulochia to al-Lat, al-'Uzza and Manat, from Melqart to "my rock" in the biblical book of Psalms, this volume journeys between the sanctuary on Mount Gerizim and late antique magical practices, revisiting rituals, hymnic poetry, oaths of orators and philosophical prayers. While targeting different names in different contexts, the contributors draft theoretical propositions towards a dynamic approach of naming the divine in antiquity.'
Book Synopsis Knowing our lands and resources by : Roué, Marie
Download or read book Knowing our lands and resources written by Roué, Marie and published by UNESCO Publishing. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Correspondent Central Banking Model (CCBM) by : European Central Bank
Download or read book Correspondent Central Banking Model (CCBM) written by European Central Bank and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Essentials of Shared Services by : Bryan Bergeron
Download or read book Essentials of Shared Services written by Bryan Bergeron and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2002-10-31 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What works, why it works, and how to evaluate a shared services program Shared services, a form of "internal outsourcing," enables corporations to achieve economies of scale by creating a separate entity within the company to perform specific internal services, such as payroll, accounts payable, travel and expense processing, etc. Essentials of Shared Services provides a quick, concise overview of shared services fundamentals, bringing senior-level executives up to speed so that they make the right decision. Bryan Bergeron provides a foundation of shared services from a historical, economic, technical, and customer perspective, showing how shared services can impact a corporation's bottom line, both long and short term. He delivers specific recommendations that can be used to establish and manage a shared services effort and includes a variety of examples of programs that work and those that do not.
