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Download or read book Special Issue on The High-temperature Reactor and Nuclear Process Heat Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 214 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (251 download)
Download or read book Special Issue on the High-temperature Reactor and Nuclear Process Heat Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : IAEA (Corporate Author)
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (12 download)
Download or read book Advances in Nuclear Power Process Heat Applications written by IAEA (Corporate Author) and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Following an IAEA coordinated research project, this publication compiles the findings of research and development activities related to practical nuclear process heat applications. An overview of current progress on high temperature gas cooled reactors coupling schemes for different process heat applications, such as hydrogen production and desalination, is included. The associated safety aspects are also highlighted. The summary report documents the results and conclusions of the project."--Résumé de l'éditeur.
Download or read book Dynamic Complexity Study of Nuclear Reactor and Process Heat Application Integration written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract This paper describes the key obstacles and challenges facing the integration of nuclear reactors with process heat applications as they relate to dynamic issues. The paper also presents capabilities of current modeling and analysis tools available to investigate these issues. A pragmatic approach to an analysis is developed with the ultimate objective of improving the viability of nuclear energy as a heat source for process industries. The extension of nuclear energy to process heat industries would improve energy security and aid in reduction of carbon emissions by reducing demands for foreign derived fossil fuels. The paper begins with an overview of nuclear reactors and process application for potential use in an integrated system. Reactors are evaluated against specific characteristics that determine their compatibility with process applications such as heat outlet temperature. The reactor system categories include light water, heavy water, small to medium, near term high-temperature, and far term high temperature reactors. Low temperature process systems include desalination, district heating, and tar sands and shale oil recovery. High temperature processes that support hydrogen production include steam reforming, steam cracking, hydrogen production by electrolysis, and far-term applications such as the sulfur iodine chemical process and high-temperature electrolysis. A simple static matching between complementary systems is performed; however, to gain a true appreciation for system integration complexity, time dependent dynamic analysis is required. The paper identifies critical issues arising from dynamic complexity associated with integration of systems. Operational issues include scheduling conflicts and resource allocation for heat and electricity. Additionally, economic and safety considerations that could impact the successful integration of these systems are considered. Economic issues include the cost differential arising due to an integrated system and the economic allocation of electricity and heat resources. Safety issues include changes in regulatory constraints imposed on the facilities. Modeling and analysis tools, such as System Dynamics for time dependent operational and economic issues and RELAP5 3D for chemical transient affects, are evaluated. The results of this study advance the body of knowledge toward integration of nuclear reactors and process heat applications.
Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789201302106
Total Pages : 269 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (21 download)
Download or read book Advances in Nuclear Power Process Heat Applications written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 269 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Following an IAEA coordinated research project, this publication compiles the findings of research and development activities related to practical nuclear process heat applications. An overview of current progress on high temperature gas cooled reactors coupling schemes for different process heat applications, such as hydrogen production and desalination, is included. The associated safety aspects are also highlighted. The summary report documents the results and conclusions of the project."--Provided by publisher.
Download or read book Engineering Evaluation of Process Heat Applications for Very High Temperature Nuclear Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Robert Odette
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 012397349X
Total Pages : 673 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (239 download)
Download or read book Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications written by Robert Odette and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2019-08-15 with total page 673 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-performance alloys that can withstand operation in hazardous nuclear environments are critical to presentday in-service reactor support and maintenance and are foundational for reactor concepts of the future. With commercial nuclear energy vendors and operators facing the retirement of staff during the coming decades, much of the scholarly knowledge of nuclear materials pursuant to appropriate, impactful, and safe usage is at risk. Led by the multi-award winning editorial team of G. Robert Odette (UCSB) and Steven J. Zinkle (UTK/ORNL) and with contributions from leaders of each alloy discipline, Structural Alloys for Nuclear Energy Applications aids the next generation of researchers and industry staff developing and maintaining steels, nickel-base alloys, zirconium alloys, and other structural alloys in nuclear energy applications. This authoritative reference is a critical acquisition for institutions and individuals seeking state-of-the-art knowledge aided by the editors’ unique personal insight from decades of frontline research, engineering and management. Focuses on in-service irradiation, thermal, mechanical, and chemical performance capabilities. Covers the use of steels and other structural alloys in current fission technology, leading edge Generation-IV fission reactors, and future fusion power reactors. Provides a critical and comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art experimental knowledge base of reactor materials, for applications ranging from engineering safety and lifetime assessments to supporting the development of advanced computational models.
Author :
Publisher : Thomas Telford Publishing
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 534 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (89 download)
Download or read book The High Temperature Reactor and Process Applications written by and published by Thomas Telford Publishing. This book was released on 1975 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Design of an HTGR for High-temperature Process Heat Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR) offers a unique heat source for process heat applications since its operating temperature is substantially higher than that of other types of nuclear reactors. This paper discusses a design study of an advanced 842-MW(t) very high temperature reactor (VHTR) coupled with a chemical process whose product is hydrogen (or a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide) generated by steam reforming of a light hydrocarbon mixture. A key feature of the plant is the nuclear reactor core, which utilizes helium as its primary coolant, has ceramic-coated fuel particles containing uranium and thorium, and employs graphite as the moderator and structural material. As in other HTGR designs, the VHTR has its entire primary coolant system contained in a prestressed concrete reactor vessel (PCRV) which provides the necessary biological shielding and pressure containment. The high-temperature nuclear thermal energy is transported to the externally located process plant by a secondary helium transport loop. In addition to providing the thermal driving potential required for the reforming process, the nuclear heat is also used to generate high-temperature, high-pressure steam to satisfy both the process and electrical generation needs for the operation of the nuclear plant and reforming process plant.
Author : Humphreys and Glasgow Ltd, London
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (894 download)
Download or read book Potential Industrial Applications of High Grade Process Heat from a High Temperature Gas-cooled Nuclear Reactor written by Humphreys and Glasgow Ltd, London and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Very High-temperature Reactors in Process Applications. Appendix II. VHTR Process Heat Application Studies written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A critical review is presented of the technology and economics for coupling a very high-temperature gas-cooled reactor to a variety of process applications. It is concluded that nuclear steam reforming of light hydrocarbons for coal conversion could be a near-term alternative and that direct nuclear coal gasification could be a future consideration. Thermochemical water splitting appears to be more costly and its availability farther in the future than the coal-conversion systems. Nuclear steelmaking is competitive with the direct reduction of iron ore from conventional coal-conversion processes but not competitive with the reforming of natural gas at present gas prices. Nuclear process heat for petroleum refining, even with the necessary backup systems, is competitive with fossil energy sources. The processing with nuclear heat of oil shale and tar sands is of marginal economic importance. An analysis of peaking power applications using nuclear heat was also made. It is concluded that steam reforming methane for energy storage and production of peaking power is not a viable economic alternative, but that energy storage with a high-temperature heat transfer salt (HTS) is competitive with conventional peaking systems. An examination of the materials required in process heat exchangers is made.
Download or read book Assessment of Very High Temperature Reactors in Process Applications written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1974, the United States Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA) authorized General Atomic Company, General Electric Company, and Westinghouse Astronuclear Laboratory to assess the available technology for producing process heat utilizing a very high temperature nuclear reactor (VHTR). The VHTR is defined as a gas-cooled graphite-moderated reactor. Oak Ridge National Laboratory has been given a lead role in evaluating the VHTR reactor studies and potential applications of the VHTR. Process temperatures up to the 760 to 871°C range appear to be achievable with near-term technology. The major development considerations are high temperature materials, the safety questions (especially regarding the need for an intermediate heat exchanger) and the process heat exchanger. The potential advantages of the VHTR over competing fossil energy sources are conservation of fossil fuels and reduced atmospheric impacts. Costs are developed for nuclear process heat supplied from a 3000-MW(th) VHTR. The range of cost in process applications is competitive with current fossil fuel alternatives.
Author : John Jay Hopkins Laboratory for Pure and Applied Science
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 138 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (145 download)
Download or read book High-temperature Process Heat from Gas-cooled Nuclear Reactor written by John Jay Hopkins Laboratory for Pure and Applied Science and published by . This book was released on 1961 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessment of Very High-temperature Reactors in Process Applications. Appendix III. Engineering Evaluation of Process Heat Applications for Very-high Temperature Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An engineering and economic evaluation is made of coal conversion processes that can be coupled to a very high-temperature nuclear reactor heat source. The basic system developed by General Atomic/Stone and Webster (GA/S and W) is similar to the H-coal process developed by Hydrocarbon Research, Inc., but is modified to accommodate a nuclear heat source and to produce synthetic natural gas (SNG), synthesis gas, and hydrogen in addition to synthetic crude liquids. The synthetic crude liquid production is analyzed by using the GA/S and W process coupled to either a nuclear- or fossil-heat source. Four other processes are included for comparison: (1) the Lurgi process for production of SNG, (2) the Koppers-Totzek process for production of either hydrogen or synthesis gas, (3) the Hygas process for production of SNG, and (4) the Westinghouse thermal-chemical water splitting process for production of hydrogen. The production of methanol and iron ore reduction are evaluated as two potential applications of synthesis gas from either the GA/S and W or Koppers-Totzek processes. The results indicate that the product costs for each of the gasification and liquefaction processes did not differ significantly, with the exception that the unproven Hygas process was cheaper and the Westinghouse process considerably more expensive than the others.
Author : International Atomic Energy Agency
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9789201036162
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (361 download)
Download or read book Opportunities for Cogeneration with Nuclear Energy written by International Atomic Energy Agency and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication presents a comprehensive overview of various aspects relating to the application of cogeneration with nuclear energy, which may offer advantages such as increased efficiency, better cost effectiveness, and reduced environmental impact. The publication provides details on experiences, best practices and expectations for the foreseeable future of cogeneration with nuclear power technology and serves as a guide that supports newcomer countries. It includes information on systems and applications in various sectors, feasibility aspects, technical and economic details, and case studies.
Download or read book Assessment of Very High-temperature Reactors in Process Application. Appendix I. Evaluation of the Reactor System written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In April 1974, the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission (now the Energy Research and Development Administration (ERDA)) authorized General Atomic Company, General Electric Company, and Westinghouse Electric Corp., Astronuclear Laboratory, to assess the available technology for producing heat using very high-temperature nuclear reactors. An evaulation of these studies and of the technical and economic potential of very high-temperature reactors (VHTR) is presented. The VHTR is a helium-cooled graphite-moderated reactor. The concepts and technology are evaluated for producing process stream temperatures of 649, 760, 871, 982, and 1093°C (1200, 1400, 1600, 1800, and 2000°F). There are a number of large industrial process heat applications that could utilize the VHTR.
Download or read book The Integration of Process Heat Applications to High Temperature Gas Reactors written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A high temperature gas reactor, HTGR, can produce industrial process steam, high-temperature heat-transfer gases, and/or electricity. In conventional industrial processes, these products are generated by the combustion of fossil fuels such as coal and natural gas, resulting in significant emissions of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide. Heat or electricity produced in an HTGR could be used to supply process heat or electricity to conventional processes without generating any greenhouse gases. Process heat from a reactor needs to be transported by a gas to the industrial process. Two such gases were considered in this study: helium and steam. For this analysis, it was assumed that steam was delivered at 17 MPa and 540 C and helium was delivered at 7 MPa and at a variety of temperatures. The temperature of the gas returning from the industrial process and going to the HTGR must be within certain temperature ranges to maintain the correct reactor inlet temperature for a particular reactor outlet temperature. The returning gas may be below the reactor inlet temperature, ROT, but not above. The optimal return temperature produces the maximum process heat gas flow rate. For steam, the delivered pressure sets an optimal reactor outlet temperature based on the condensation temperature of the steam. ROTs greater than 769.7 C produce no additional advantage for the production of steam.
