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Spawning Egg Development And Early Life History Dynamics Of Arrowtooth Flounder Atheresthes Stomias In The Gulf Of Alaska
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Book Synopsis Spawning, Egg Development, and Early Life History Dynamics of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) in the Gulf of Alaska by : Deborah M. Blood
Download or read book Spawning, Egg Development, and Early Life History Dynamics of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) in the Gulf of Alaska written by Deborah M. Blood and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spawning, Egg Development, and Early Life History Dynamics of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) in the Gulf of Alaska by : Deborah M. Blood
Download or read book Spawning, Egg Development, and Early Life History Dynamics of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) in the Gulf of Alaska written by Deborah M. Blood and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Dispersal, Fishing, and the Conservation of Marine Species by : Malin La Farge Pinsky
Download or read book Dispersal, Fishing, and the Conservation of Marine Species written by Malin La Farge Pinsky and published by Stanford University. This book was released on 2011 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A central goal of ecology is to understand the forces driving the distribution and abundance of organisms. However, understanding the population dynamics of high-dispersal species, their conservation, and the connections between population dynamics and evolution remains difficult. It is in this context that marine organisms provide a particularly intriguing and challenging study system. Their population dynamics are often highly stochastic, most species have a great ability to disperse, and as the last group of wild species exploited commercially, their ecology and evolution can be strongly influenced by human behavior. By using population genetics, modeling, and meta-analysis, this thesis investigates the spatial ecology of reef fish and the causes and evolutionary consequences of global fisheries collapse. One of the first challenges in understanding spatial population dynamics is obtaining accurate measurements of dispersal abilities. This has been especially difficult for marine species with pelagic larvae. In Chapter 1, I apply a new approach to measuring single-generation dispersal kernels in Clark's anemonefish (Amphiprion clarkii) in the central Philippines. After developing two methods for measuring the strength of local genetic drift, my results suggest that larval dispersal kernels in A. clarkii had a spread near 11 km (4-27 km). This study shows that ecologically relevant larval dispersal can be estimated with widely available genetic methods when effective density is measured carefully through cohort sampling and ecological censuses. In Chapter 2, I use dispersal kernels to develop a model for population openness. Openness refers to the degree to which populations are replenished by immigrants or by local production, a factor that has strong implications for population dynamics, species interactions, and response to exploitation. It is also a population trait that has been increasingly measured empirically, though we have until now lacked theory for predicting population openness. I show that considering habitat isolation elegantly explains the existence of surprisingly closed populations in high dispersal species, and that relatively closed populations are expected when patch spacing is more than twice the standard deviation of a species' dispersal kernel. In addition, empirical scales of habitat patchiness on coral reefs are sufficient to create both largely open and largely closed populations. We predict that habitat patchiness has strong control over population replenishment pathways for a wide range of marine and terrestrial species with a highly dispersive life stage. While the first tow chapters have strong implications for the design of regional marine protected areas, I turn to global conservation questions in Chapters 3 and 4. I first ask which marine fishes are most vulnerable to human impacts. Surveys of terrestrial species have suggested that large-bodied species and top predators are the most at risk, but there has been no global test of this hypothesis in the sea. Contrary to expectations, two datasets compiled from around the world suggest that up to twice as many fisheries for small, low trophic level species have collapsed as compared to those for large predators. I then show that collapsed and overfished species have lower genetic diversity than their close relatives. While the ecological and ecosystem impacts of harvesting wild populations have long been recognized, it has been controversial how widespread evolutionary impacts are. Using a meta-analytical approach across 37 taxonomically paired comparisons, I find on average 19% fewer alleles per locus in overfished species, but little difference in heterozygosity. I confirm with simulations that these results are consistent with a recent population bottleneck. These results suggest that the genetic impacts of overharvest are widespread, even among abundant species. A loss of allelic richness has implications for the long-term evolutionary potential of species.
Book Synopsis Age Determination Manual of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center Age and Growth Program by : Mary Elizabeth Matta
Download or read book Age Determination Manual of the Alaska Fisheries Science Center Age and Growth Program written by Mary Elizabeth Matta and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Age and Growth Program at the Alaska Fisheries Science Center is tasked with providing age data in order to improve the basic understanding of the ecology and fisheries dynamics of Alaskan fish species. The primary focus of the Age and Growth Program is to estimate ages from otoliths and other calcified structures for age-structured modeling of commercially exploited stocks; however, the program has recently expanded its interests to include numerous studies on topics ranging from age estimate validation to the growth and life-history of non-target species. Because so many applications rely upon age data and particularly upon assurances as to their accuracy and precision, the Age and Growth Program has developed this practical guide to document the age determination of key groundfish species from Alaskan waters. The main objective of this manual is to describe techniques specific to the age determination of commercially and ecologically important species studied by the Age and Growth Program. The manual also provides general background information on otolith morphology, dissection, and preparation, as well as descriptions of methods used to measure precision and accuracy of age estimates. This manual is intended not only as a reference for age readers at the AFSC and other laboratories, but also to give insight into the quality of age estimates to scientists who routinely use such data.
Book Synopsis Maturity and Seasonal Spawning Cycles of Arrowtooth Flounder Atheresthes Stomias Off Washington by : Martha H. Rickey
Download or read book Maturity and Seasonal Spawning Cycles of Arrowtooth Flounder Atheresthes Stomias Off Washington written by Martha H. Rickey and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigations Into the Early Life History of Arrowtooth Flounder by : Kenneth Allen Bouwens
Download or read book Investigations Into the Early Life History of Arrowtooth Flounder written by Kenneth Allen Bouwens and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Temporal Variability in the Food Habits of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) in the Western Gulf of Alaska by : Brian Anthony Knoth
Download or read book Temporal Variability in the Food Habits of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) in the Western Gulf of Alaska written by Brian Anthony Knoth and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spawning Behavior and Early Life History of Walleye Pollock, Theragra Chalcogramma, in Shelikof Strait, Gulf of Alaska, in Relation to Oceanographic Factors by : Suam Kim
Download or read book Spawning Behavior and Early Life History of Walleye Pollock, Theragra Chalcogramma, in Shelikof Strait, Gulf of Alaska, in Relation to Oceanographic Factors written by Suam Kim and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Feeding Habits of the Arrowtooth Flounder, Atheresthes Stomias, from the Northeast Gulf of Alaska by : John R. Rose
Download or read book Feeding Habits of the Arrowtooth Flounder, Atheresthes Stomias, from the Northeast Gulf of Alaska written by John R. Rose and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Exploring the Spawning Dynamics and Identifying Limitations to the Early-life History Survival of an Important, Endemic Fish Species by : Sara Elizabeth Seidel
Download or read book Exploring the Spawning Dynamics and Identifying Limitations to the Early-life History Survival of an Important, Endemic Fish Species written by Sara Elizabeth Seidel and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many native, imperiled salmonid species, the prioritization of recovery and conservation efforts hinges upon the identification of a species most limiting life stage. The early life-history stage can be a limiting life stage for fish, and given the importance of the reproductive stage to overall persistence, there is a need to better understand the spawning ecology and early life history of many salmonids. The Logan River, in northern Utah, contains one of the largest metapopulations of imperiled Bonneville cutthroat trout (BCT) throughout the Bonneville Basin. LIttle research has evaluated the temporal and spatial distribution of BCT spawning nor quantified their early life-history survival. In the summer of 2009, I documented the spawning ecology of BCT and quantified their early life-history survival via egg-to-fry survival field experiments in four tributaries to the Logan River. I observed considerable variability in the timing, magnitude, and duration of spawning between study streams, in part as a function of a variable, multi-peaked hydrograph. I also conducted egg-to-fry survival experiments using incubation boxes and hatchery-fertilized, eyed cutthroat embryos and installed these boxes throughout my study streams. I found that survival was extremely variable within and among my study streams. For example, the variation I observed in survival appeared to be a function of fine sediment loads. Lastly, I observed that in the Logan River the timing of greatest intensity of both stream side and in-stream anthropogenic activities (e.g., livestock grazing, horseback riding) overlaps directly with the spawning and early life stages of BCT. Using my estimates of early survival, I revised a four-stage matrix population model for BCT in order to evaluate the hypothetical effects of anthropogenic impact on rearing areas. I determine that population growth rates are sensitive to perturbation at the egg-to-fry and fry to age-1 stages, and if even a small number of redds are destroyed through habitat degradation, a high degree of immigration of reproductivityly mature BCT is required to maintain the near-term persistence of this population. Future conservation efforts for BCT should be prioritized to protect areas where land-use activities are high during the sensitive spawning and early life-stage periods.
Book Synopsis Arrowtooth Flounder Atheresthes Stomias Diet and Prey Consumption Near Kodiak Island, Alaska by : Brian Anthony Knoth
Download or read book Arrowtooth Flounder Atheresthes Stomias Diet and Prey Consumption Near Kodiak Island, Alaska written by Brian Anthony Knoth and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The arrowtooth flounder Atheresthes stomias (ATF) population in the Gulf of Alaska has increased dramatically over the past 25 years and the resulting ecosystem impacts are unclear. Arrowtooth flounder diet and prey consumption was studied to more accurately assess the predator-prey relationships of this key predator near Kodiak Island, Alaska. Temporal and ontogenetic diet trends were quantified from the analysis of 742 ATF stomachs sampled from annual bottom trawl surveys conducted in May and August from 2002 to 2004. Several significant dietary trends were found, most notably: 1) euphausiids decreased in dietary importance from May to August whereas the importance of capelin Mallotus villosus increased and 2) smaller ATF consumed more capelin and larger ATF consumed more walleye pollock Theragra chalcogramma and Pacific sand lance Ammodytes hexapterus. A bioenergetics model was used to estimate ATF prey consumption. Within the study area, the ATF population was dominated by large individuals ([great than or equal to] 50 cm total length) that accounted for > 75 % of the population's total prey biomass consumption. Arrowtooth flounder were significant predators and consumed an estimated 339 t of fish prey including Pacific sand lance and walleye pollock and 222 t of invertebrate prey such as euphausiids and shrimps"--Leaf iii.
Book Synopsis Spawning Behavior, Fecundity and Early Life History of Anadromous Dolly Varden in Southeastern Alaska by : Alaska. Department of Fish and Game
Download or read book Spawning Behavior, Fecundity and Early Life History of Anadromous Dolly Varden in Southeastern Alaska written by Alaska. Department of Fish and Game and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 75 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spawning Characteristics and Early Life History of the Alaskan Blackfish, Dallia Pectoralis Bean by : Nevin Aspinwall
Download or read book Spawning Characteristics and Early Life History of the Alaskan Blackfish, Dallia Pectoralis Bean written by Nevin Aspinwall and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spawning Behavior, Fecundity, and Early Life History of Anadromous Dolly Varden, Salvelinus Malma (Walbaum) in Southeastern Alaska by : Roger F. Blackett
Download or read book Spawning Behavior, Fecundity, and Early Life History of Anadromous Dolly Varden, Salvelinus Malma (Walbaum) in Southeastern Alaska written by Roger F. Blackett and published by . This book was released on 1968 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Spawning, Early Life Stages, and Early Life Histories of the Osmerids Found in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California by : Johnson C. S. Wang
Download or read book Spawning, Early Life Stages, and Early Life Histories of the Osmerids Found in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta of California written by Johnson C. S. Wang and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Reproductive Biology of Yelloweye Rockfish (Sebastes Ruberrimus) in Prince William Sound and the Northern Gulf of Alaska by : Donald E. Arthur
Download or read book The Reproductive Biology of Yelloweye Rockfish (Sebastes Ruberrimus) in Prince William Sound and the Northern Gulf of Alaska written by Donald E. Arthur and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last half century, Yelloweye Rockfish Sebastes ruberrimus have experienced dramatic declines along the West Coast of the United States and British Columbia. Efforts have been made throughout the species’ range to rebuild and sustainably manage stocks, including the introduction of a Statewide Rockfish Initiative by the State of Alaska, which intends to develop management strategies for Yelloweye Rockfish in the Gulf of Alaska. To support this effort and address information gaps in Yelloweye Rockfish reproductive biology throughout their range, I estimated important reproductive parameters and life history information for Yelloweye Rockfish in Prince William Sound and the Northern Gulf of Alaska, Alaska, that included maturity, parturition timing, skip spawning, and fecundity relationships. I identified that ages-at-50% maturity (A50) for males and females were similar (A50 = 15 years and A50 = 16, respectively), but males reached full maturity (A95) earlier than females (male A95 = 19 years and female A95 = 31 years). Female Yelloweye Rockfish fork length-at-50% and 95% maturity (L50 and L95) was greater in the Northern Gulf of Alaska (L50 = 46.7 cm and L95 = 55.8 cm) than in Prince William Sound (L50 = 41.1 cm and L95 = 50.2 cm). Similarly, male L50 and L95 was greater in the Northern Gulf of Alaska (L50 = 44.0 cm and L95 = 49.2 cm) relative to Prince William Sound (L50 = 40.8 cm and L95 = 46.0 cm), and males matured at a smaller size than females. Female L50 was consistent with data from southern populations, but A50 was younger than predicted based on a latitudinal trend, indicating that Yelloweye Rockfish in this region may experience greater than expected growth rates. Yelloweye Rockfish underwent parturition between May and August and peaked in June and July, and parturition timing was earlier for larger and older females. I documented that female Yelloweye Rockfish skip-spawned at a rate of 9.8%. Skip spawning rate was associated with fork length and peaked at sizes between 40.2 cm and 52.3 cm; the peak in stock reproductive potential is shifted toward larger females in response to skip spawning. I conducted egg and larvae counting in an image-analysis software, which was more than four times faster than manual counting and was equally accurate and precise. Yelloweye Rockfish fecundity scaled hyperallometrically with FL and relative fecundity increased with length, indicating that spawning stock biomass may not be proportional to total egg production. Combining these results, I found that ignoring the hyperallometric fecundity relationship and skip spawning could overestimate reproductive potential by as much as 66% and 45% for Prince William Sound and the Northern Gulf of Alaska, respectively. The results of this study will improve the estimates of stock-recruitment dynamics and can be readily integrated into a stock assessment that will guide the sustainable management of Yelloweye Rockfish in Prince William Sound and the Northern Gulf of Alaska.
Book Synopsis Harvesting, Processing, and Marketing of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) by : Gary R. Silver
Download or read book Harvesting, Processing, and Marketing of Arrowtooth Flounder (Atheresthes Stomias) written by Gary R. Silver and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
