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Solvent Extraction Of Coal With Dimethylsulfoxide And Other Solvent Blends At Low Temperatures
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Book Synopsis Solvent Extraction of Coal with Dimethylsulfoxide and Other Solvent Blends at Low Temperatures by : I-Hsing Tsao
Download or read book Solvent Extraction of Coal with Dimethylsulfoxide and Other Solvent Blends at Low Temperatures written by I-Hsing Tsao and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Investigation of Solvent Extraction of Coal at Low Temperatures by : Fatemehalsadat Haghighat
Download or read book Investigation of Solvent Extraction of Coal at Low Temperatures written by Fatemehalsadat Haghighat and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solvent extraction of coal is a method to produce low molecular weight products from coal. It also can be used as a pretreatment for direct coal liquefaction to enhance its efficiency. Yield, rate and nature of coal dissolution at low temperatures (25-150°C) and short contact time have been studied, using a flow micro-reactor. The results show it can be done in less than 15 minutes and the yield is about 7-9%, depending on the temperature. Also it has been observed the solvent to coal ratio has no significant effect on yield as it increases. Extraction of Poplar coal with tetralin at 150°C enhances the porosity of the coal. This knowledge about low temperature extraction was applied to liquefaction at 350°C by performing preheating in different ways. The yield increased as the mean temperature of the temperature profile during preheating was increased.
Book Synopsis Extraction of Metals in Coal with Dimethylsulfoxide Based Solvents by : Jon Louis Ogle
Download or read book Extraction of Metals in Coal with Dimethylsulfoxide Based Solvents written by Jon Louis Ogle and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solvent Extraction of Coal by : Janet R. Pullen
Download or read book Solvent Extraction of Coal written by Janet R. Pullen and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solvent Extractions of Illinois No. 6 Coal by :
Download or read book Solvent Extractions of Illinois No. 6 Coal written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The usual abilities of amine solvents, especially EDA, were recognized many years ago. Some recent work has dealt with solvents mixtures. What we think is new is the idea that amines have a chemical as well as a physical action and the finding that DMSO assists the action of EDA, at least partly because it increases the swelling of the coal. The EDA + DMSO combination is more effective than the EDA + pyridine combination. The results with solvent combinations in Table 1 bring out the separate physical and chemical effects of solvents and the effects of longer reaction time and higher temperature when chemical reaction is involved. The primary amines are the best solvents, the smallest and strong base, EDA, being best. Benzylamine and 2-phenethylamine are next best among those tested, with solvent properties closely proportional to their nitrogen contents. Without unusual precautions to exclude air during 1 to 18-hour extractions at 100°C, the EDA/DMSO combination extracted more material than EDA alone. We ascribe the higher rate of exraction by the mixed solvent to the greater swelling of the insoluble material. The difference is not due to oxidation by DMSO. Increasing the temperature and duration of extraction with DMSO alone does not increase by much the amount of coal dissolved and the advantage of DMSO added to EDA decreases with longer reaction times. That 50% of Illinois No. 6 coal can now be dissolved at 100°C to give a solute mostly soluble in pyridine and an extracted coal with much less crosslinking (higher swelling ratio) than pyridine-extracted coal provides a new and exceptional opportunity to investigate the structure of coal that has never been heated above 100°C since it was mined.
Book Synopsis Dissertation Abstracts International by :
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis American Doctoral Dissertations by :
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 730 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fossil Energy Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Studies on Utilization of Coal Through Conversion by :
Download or read book Studies on Utilization of Coal Through Conversion written by and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry by :
Download or read book Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author :IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Publisher :World Health Organization ISBN 13 : Total Pages :364 pages Book Rating :4.3/5 (121 download)
Book Synopsis Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons by : IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans
Download or read book Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2013 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume of the IARC Monographs provides evaluations of the carcinogenicity of bitumens and their emissions, the N-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benz[a]acridine, benz[c]acridine, dibenz[a,h]acridine, dibenz[a,j]acridine, dibenz[c,h]acridine, carbazole and 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole, as well as the S-hetrocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons benzo[b]naphtho[2,1-d]thiophene and dibenzothiophene. Bitumens are produced by distillation of crude oil during petroleum refining, and also occur naturally. Bitumens can be divided into six broad classes, according to their physical properties and specifications required for different applications. The major use (about 80%) of bitumens is for road paving; other uses include roofing, waterproofing, sealing and painting. The term "bitumen" should not be confused with "asphalt", which refers to the mixture of bitumen (4-10% by weight), small stones, sand and filler used for road paving. Bitumens are complex mixtures that contain a large number of organic chemical compounds. Application of bitumens may generate emissions (fumes and vapours) that may contain, among volatile and non-volatile compounds, a number of known or probable carcinogens. An IARC Monographs Working Group reviewed epidemiological evidence, animal bioassays, and mechanistic and other relevant data to reach conclusions as to the carcinogenic hazard to humans of various occupations that entail exposure to bitumens and bitumen emissions, including road paving, roofing, and application of mastic asphalt, and to various heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic compounds.
Book Synopsis Carbon Dioxide Chemistry, Capture and Oil Recovery by : Iyad Karamé
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Chemistry, Capture and Oil Recovery written by Iyad Karamé and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-08-16 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fossil fuels still need to meet the growing demand of global economic development, yet they are often considered as one of the main sources of the CO2 release in the atmosphere. CO2, which is the primary greenhouse gas (GHG), is periodically exchanged among the land surface, ocean, and atmosphere where various creatures absorb and produce it daily. However, the balanced processes of producing and consuming the CO2 by nature are unfortunately faced by the anthropogenic release of CO2. Decreasing the emissions of these greenhouse gases is becoming more urgent. Therefore, carbon sequestration and storage (CSS) of CO2, its utilization in oil recovery, as well as its conversion into fuels and chemicals emerge as active options and potential strategies to mitigate CO2 emissions and climate change, energy crises, and challenges in the storage of energy.
Book Synopsis Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures II by : Michael Waters
Download or read book Short-Term Bioassays in the Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures II written by Michael Waters and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 508 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: More than one hundred short-term bioassays are now available for detecting the toxicity, mutagenicity, and potential carcinogenicity of chemicals. These bioassays were developed and validated with individual compounds, and their principal application was perceived to be in evaluating the health hazard of such materials. However, man is rarely exposed to single chemicals; his exposure to hazardous chemicals is more commonly a multifactorial phenomenon. Although chemical analysis can be used to detect known hazardous compounds, it would be a staggering and expensive task to analyze large numbers of samples for all known or suspected hazardous constituents. Furthermore, the biological activity of a complex mixture cannot be reliably predicted from knowledge of its components. On the other hand, bioassays alone cannot tell us which components of complex mixtures are responsible for the biological activity detected. Thus, cost effectiveness and technical feasibility dictate stepwise and perhaps iterative application -of both chemical and biological methods in evaluating the health effects of complex environmental mixtures. Through the coupling of reliable biological detection systems with methods of chemical fractionation and analysis, it is frequently possible to isolate the individual chemical species that show biological activity. Initially, complex mixtures may be separated and bioassayed in carefully defined chemical fractions. The results of such short-term screening bioassays then may be used td guide the course of further fractionation and to determine the need for more stringent and comprehensive biological testing.
Download or read book Book of Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Separation Techniques: Liquid-liquid systems by : Larry Ricci
Download or read book Separation Techniques: Liquid-liquid systems written by Larry Ricci and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Solvent Extraction by : Vladimir S Kislik
Download or read book Solvent Extraction written by Vladimir S Kislik and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-11-04 with total page 573 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main challenge in modern solvent extraction separation is that most techniques are mainly empirical, specific and particular for narrow fields of practice and require a large degree of experimentation. This concise and modern book provides a complete overview of both solvent extraction separation techniques and the novel and unified competitive complexation/solvation theory. This novel and unified technique presented in the book provides a key for a preliminary quantitative prediction of suitable extraction systems without experimentation, thus saving researchers time and resources. Analyzes and compares both classical and new competitive models and techniques Offers a novel and unified competitive complexation / solvation theory that permits researchers to standardize some parameters, which decreases the need for experimentation at R&D Presents examples of applications in multiple disciplines such as chemical, biochemical, radiochemical, pharmaceutical and analytical separation Written by an outstanding scientist who is prolific in the field of separation science
