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Author : James Robert Combes
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 414 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (284 download)
Download or read book Solvent and local density effects on chemical reactions in supercritical fluids written by James Robert Combes and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : E. Kiran
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401139296
Total Pages : 602 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (11 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by E. Kiran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 602 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluids are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density and they are therefore interesting and important as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the density the properties of these fluids can be customised and manipulated for a given process - physical or chemical transformation. Separation and processing using supercritical solvents such as CO2 are currently on-line commercially in the food, essential oils and polymer industries. Many agencies and industries are considering the use of supercritical water for waste remediation. Supercritical fluid chromatography represents another, major analytical application. Significant advances have recently been made in materials processing, ranging from particle formation to the creation of porous materials. The chapters in this book provide tutorial accounts of topical areas centred around: (1) phase equilibria, thermodynamics and equations of state; (2) critical behaviour, crossover effects; (3) transport and interfacial properties; (4) molecular modelling, computer simulation; (5) reactions, spectroscopy; (6) phase separation kinetics; (7) extractions; (8) applications to polymers, pharmaceuticals, natural materials and chromatography; (9) process scale-up.
Author : Richard Smith
Publisher : Newnes
ISBN 13 : 0080931308
Total Pages : 764 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (89 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Supercritical Fluids written by Richard Smith and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-12-08 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text provides an introduction to supercritical fluids with easy-to-use Excel spreadsheets suitable for both specialized-discipline (chemistry or chemical engineering student) and mixed-discipline (engineering/economic student) classes. Each chapter contains worked examples, tip boxes and end-of-the-chapter problems and projects. Part I covers web-based chemical information resources, applications and simplified theory presented in a way that allows students of all disciplines to delve into the properties of supercritical fluids and to design energy, extraction and materials formation systems for real-world processes that use supercritical water or supercritical carbon dioxide. Part II takes a practical approach and addresses the thermodynamic framework, equations of state, fluid phase equilibria, heat and mass transfer, chemical equilibria and reaction kinetics of supercritical fluids. Spreadsheets are arranged as Visual Basic for Applications (VBA) functions and macros that are completely (source code) accessible for students who have interest in developing their own programs. Programming is not required to solve problems or to complete projects in the text. - Property worksheets/spreadsheets that are easy to use in learning environments - Worked examples with Excel VBA Worksheet functions allow users to design their own processes - Fluid phase equilibria and chemical equilibria worksheets allow users to change conditions, study new solutes, co-solvents, chemical systems or reactions
Author : Gerd H. Brunner
Publisher : Elsevier
ISBN 13 : 0080542107
Total Pages : 651 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (85 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluids as Solvents and Reaction Media written by Gerd H. Brunner and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-06-11 with total page 651 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluids behave either like a gas or a liquid, depending on the values of thermodynamic properties. This tuning of properties, and other advantageous properties of supercritical fluids led to innovative technologies. More than 100 plants of production size are now in operation worldwide in the areas of process and production technology, environmental applications, and particle engineering. New processes are under research and development in various fields. This book provides an overview of the research activities in the field of Supercritical Fluids in Germany. It is based on the research program "Supercritical fluids as solvents and reaction media" on the initiative of the "GVC-Fachausschuß Hochdruckverfahrenstechnik" (i.e. the German working party on High Pressure Chemical Engineering of the Society of Chemical Engineers).This research program provided an immensely valuable platform for exchange of knowledge and experience. More than 50 young researchers were involved contributing with their expertise, their new ideas, and the motivation of youth. The results of this innovative research are described in this book.- This book provides an overview of the research activities in the field of Supercritical Fluids in Germany- Contains results of projects within the research program on "Supercritical fluids as solvents and reaction media" on the initiative of the German working party on High Pressure Chemical Engineering of the Society of Chemical Engineers.- More than 50 young researchers were involved in contributing with their expertise, their new ideas, and the motivation of youth.
Author : Ya-Ping Sun
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0824744713
Total Pages : 597 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (247 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluid Technology in Materials Science and Engineering written by Ya-Ping Sun and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-03-26 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title analyzes the chemical reactions, structures and fundamental properties of supercritical fluid systems for the production of new compounds, nanomaterials, fibers, and films. It complies contemporary research and technological advances for increased selectivity and reduced waste in chemical, industrial, pharmaceutical, and biomedical applications. Topics include fluid dynamics, catalysis, hydrothermal synthesis, surfactants, conducting polymers, crystal growth, and other aspects and applications of supercritical fluids.
Author : Orlando Tapia
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 0306469316
Total Pages : 383 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (64 download)
Download or read book Solvent Effects and Chemical Reactivity written by Orlando Tapia and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers original contributions from a selected group of distinguished researchers that are actively working in the theory and practical applications of solvent effects and chemical reactions. The importance of getting a good understanding of surrounding media effects on chemical reacting system is difficult to overestimate. Applications go from condensed phase chemistry, biochemical reactions in vitro to biological systems in vivo. Catalysis is a phenomenon produced by a particular system interacting with the reacting subsystem. The result may be an increment of the chemical rate or sometimes a decreased one. At the bottom, catalytic sources can be characterized as a special kind of surrounding medium effect. The materials involving in catalysis may range from inorganic components as in zeolites, homogenous components, enzymes, catalytic antibodies, and ceramic materials. . With the enormous progress achieved by computing technology, an increasing number of models and phenomenological approaches are being used to describe the effects of a given surrounding medium on the electronic properties of selected subsystem. A number of quantum chemical methods and programs, currently applied to calculate in vacuum systems, have been supplemented with a variety of model representations. With the increasing number of methodologies applied to this important field, it is becoming more and more difficult for non-specialist to cope with theoretical developments and extended applications. For this and other reasons, it is was deemed timely to produce a book where methodology and applications were analyzed and reviewed by leading experts in the field.
Author : E. Kiran
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9401582955
Total Pages : 775 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (15 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by E. Kiran and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 775 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Supercritical fluids which are neither gas nor liquid, but can be compressed gradually from low to high density, are gaining increasing importance as tunable solvents and reaction media in the chemical process industry. By adjusting the pressure, or more strictly the density, the properties of these fluids are customized and manipulated for the particular process at hand, be it a physical transformation, such as separation or solvation, or a chemical transformation, such as a reaction or reactive extraction. Supercritical fluids, however, differ from both gases and liquids in many respects. In order to properly understand and describe their properties, it is necessary to know the implications of their nearness to criticality, to be aware of the complex types of phase separation (including solid phases) that occur when the components of the fluid mixture are very different from each other, and to develop theories that can cope with the large differences in molecular size and shape of the supercritical solvent and the solutes that are present.
Author : Marcel R. Belinsky
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
ISBN 13 : 9781607419303
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (193 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by Marcel R. Belinsky and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A supercritical fluid is any substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point. It can diffuse through solids like a gas, and dissolve materials like a liquid. Additionally, close to the critical point, small changes in pressure or temperature result in large changes in density, allowing many properties to be "tuned". Supercritical fluids are suitable as a substitute for organic solvents in a range of industrial and laboratory processes. Carbon dioxide and water are the most commonly used supercritical fluids, being used for decaffeination and power generation respectively. In general terms, supercritical fluids have properties between those of a gas and a liquid. This new and important book gathers the latest research from around the globe in this field of study with a focus on such topics as: the modification and preparation of membrane in supercritical carbon dioxide, supercritical fluid technology applied to the manufacture of prebiotic carbohydrates, the pre-treatment of herbaceous matrix in a process of supercritical fluid extraction, fundamental properties and chemical reactions of supercritical methanol and others.
Author : Y. Arai
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642562388
Total Pages : 463 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (425 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by Y. Arai and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-07 with total page 463 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The potential of supercritical fluid methods is presented in a comprehensive way. On the basis of a careful discussion of physical and chemical principles, the application of this method in process technology is demonstrated.
Author : Robert Lee Thompson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 134 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (364 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluid Solvent Effects on a Diels-alder Reaction written by Robert Lee Thompson and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Keith W. Hutchenson
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 488 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)
Download or read book Innovations in Supercritical Fluids written by Keith W. Hutchenson and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presents an overview of supercritical fluid science and technology with emphasis on developments in solubility and modeling. Provides comprehensive coverage of current research, including molecular interactions and simulations, phase behavior, chemical reactions in supercritical fluids, supercritical water oxidation, and forest products applications. Addresses various aspects of the supercritical water oxidation process, including fundamental kinetics and modeling, simulations of hydrogen bonding and solvation, catalysis, use of unconventional oxidants, corrosion issues, reactor design and simulation, and applications. Includes a new technique for the rapid and accurate mapping of critical curve phase boundaries.
Author :
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 9 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (684 download)
Download or read book Supercritical Fluids written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A number of important processes utilizing supercritical fluids have been either implemented or are emerging for extractions, separations and a wide range of cleaning applications. Supercritical fluids can be reasonable solvents yet share many of the advantages of gases including miscibility with other gases (i.e. hydrogen and oxygen), low viscosities and high diffusivities. Carbon dioxide has the further advantages of being nontoxic, nonflammable, inexpensive and currently unregulated. The use of compressed gases, either as liquids or supercritical fluids, as reaction media offers the opportunity to replace conventional hazardous solvents and also to optimize and potentially control the effect of solvent on chemical and material processing. The last several years has seen a significant growth in advances in chemical synthesis, catalytic transformations and materials synthesis and processing. The authors report on results from an exploratory program at Los Alamos National Laboratory aimed at investigating the use of dense phase fluids, particularly carbon dioxide, as reaction media for homogeneous, heterogeneous and phase-separable catalytic reactions in an effort to develop new, environmentally-friendly methods for chemical synthesis and processing. This approach offers the possibility of opening up substantially different chemical pathways, increasing selectivity at higher reaction rates, facilitating downstream separations and mitigating the need for hazardous solvents. Developing and understanding chemical and catalytic transformations in carbon dioxide could lead to greener chemistry at three levels: (1) Solvent replacement; (2) Better chemistry (e.g. higher reactivity, selectivity, less energy consumption); and (3) New chemistry (e.g. novel separations, use of COP2 as a C-1 source).
Author : Richard Smith
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 0128076941
Total Pages : 93 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Supercritical Fluids written by Richard Smith and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-12-08 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Erwin Buncel
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 1119044197
Total Pages : 244 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (19 download)
Download or read book Solvent Effects in Chemistry written by Erwin Buncel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-23 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book introduces the concepts, theory and experimental knowledge concerning solvent effects on the rate and equilibrium of chemical reactions of all kinds. It begins with basic thermodynamics and kinetics, building on this foundation to demonstrate how a more detailed understanding of these effects may be used to aid in determination of reaction mechanisms, and to aid in planning syntheses. Consideration is given to theoretical calculations (quantum chemistry, molecular dynamics, etc.), to statistical methods (chemometrics), and to modern day concerns such as "green" chemistry, where utilization and disposal of chemical waste or by-products in an environmentally safe way is as important as achieving the desired end products by all chemists nowadays. The treatment progresses from elementary to advanced material in straightforward fashion. The more advanced topics are not developed in an overly rigorous way so that upper-level undergraduates, graduates, and newcomers to the field can grasp the concepts easily.
Author : Richard Smith
Publisher : Elsevier Inc. Chapters
ISBN 13 : 0128076895
Total Pages : 128 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Introduction to Supercritical Fluids written by Richard Smith and published by Elsevier Inc. Chapters. This book was released on 2013-12-08 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Joshua D. Taylor
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (48 download)
Download or read book Hydrothermal Chemistry of Methylene Chloride and MTBE written by Joshua D. Taylor and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Christian Reichardt
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 3527642137
Total Pages : 722 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (276 download)
Download or read book Solvents and Solvent Effects in Organic Chemistry written by Christian Reichardt and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-04 with total page 722 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in its 4th edition, this book remains the ultimate reference for all questions regarding solvents and solvent effects in organic chemistry. Retaining its proven concept, there is no other book which covers the subject in so much depth, the handbook is completely updated and contains 15% more content, including new chapters on "Solvents and Green chemistry", "Classification of Solvents by their Environmental Impact", and "Ionic Liquids". An essential part of every organic chemist's library.
