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Author : Sabine Caniquitte
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 124 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (316 download)
Download or read book Soil Microbial Community, Soil Aggregation and Cropping System written by Sabine Caniquitte and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Mary Edith Schutter
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 386 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (45 download)
Download or read book Determinants of Microbial Community Structure and Substrate Utilization Potential in Soils of Vegetable Cropping Systems written by Mary Edith Schutter and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oregon Long-Term Soil Quality Project was initiated to identify soil properties that respond rapidly to alternative management practices. Such practices included winter cover cropping, which was implemented at two experimental research stations and several grower fields throughout the Willamette Valley. The goal of this thesis was to identify the major impacts of cover cropping on soil microbial community structure, diversity, and substrate utilization potential. Microbial community structure was assessed by extracting fatty acids from soil and analyzing community fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) profiles. Two different methods for extracting fatty acids were tested; these were the ester linked method and the MIDI method developed by Microbial ID, Inc. (Newark, DE). Both methods discriminated among communities from different soils, but the types and relative amounts of fatty acids extracted differed by method. Microbial communities also were characterized by their potential to utilize a diverse range of carbon substrates using the Biolog assay. In a laboratory incubation study, the Biolog assay demonstrated that the types and overall diversity of substrates utilized were affected by the complexity of carbon substrate added to soil. In addition, Biolog diversity was significantly correlated with community FAME richness (r = 0.59). FAME and Biolog assays were applied to field soils of the Soil Quality Project. Changes occurred in microbial FAME structure and Biolog potential in response to winter cover cropping, but effects often were not observed until incorporation of cover crops to soil. In some soils containing cover crop residues, there were greater amounts of eukaryotic FAME markers compared to winter-fallow soils, suggesting greater fungal and protozoan populations in cover-cropped soil. Biolog diversity also was greater in cover-cropped soil compared to fallow soil, which may reflect the utilization of cover crop residues by soil microorganisms during the summer months. Community patterns across different sizes of soil aggregates also were assessed. Biolog diversity was heterogeneously distributed among aggregates, and winter cover cropping elevated FAME diversity across all but the largest (2.0-5.0 mm) aggregate size class. This thesis also identified season and soil type as strong determinants of microbial community structure.
Author : Robert S. Burlage
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9780195092233
Total Pages : 484 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (922 download)
Download or read book Techniques in Microbial Ecology written by Robert S. Burlage and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial ecology is one of the fastest growing fields of microbiology. This practical volume is the bench and field scientist's guide to well-established techniques for investigating microbial communities. Both for biologists just entering the field and for experienced researchers wishingto explore new areas, this book provides the theoretical background, detailed protocols, and tips from experts for working in this field. Chapters on bacteria with interesting metabolic traits are augmented with chapters on molecular techniques, lipid analysis, and appropriate sampling techniques.The final section includes up-to-date information on biofilm development and study, the science and practice of bioremediation, modeling of biological systems (including the most useful statistical parameters), and the study of phylogenetics.
Author : Eldor A. Paul
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780849328022
Total Pages : 436 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (28 download)
Download or read book Soil Organic Matter in Temperate AgroecosystemsLong Term Experiments in North America written by Eldor A. Paul and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-11-26 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The presence - or absence - of soil organic matter (SOM) has important implications for agricultural productivity. It could also have significant implications for global climate due to its role as a source/sink of carbon. Therefore, it is important to understand the issues related to the accumulation or loss of SOM, to use what we have learned from experiments to make sound decisions about soil and crop management, and to test models and future concepts concerning SOM management. A database is included with the book, presenting tabular data for 34 sites in North America. Soil Organic Matter in Temperate Agroecosystems discusses all of these issues and more, answering such questions as:
Author : Francois Buscot
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3540266097
Total Pages : 426 pages
Book Rating : 4.5/5 (42 download)
Download or read book Microorganisms in Soils: Roles in Genesis and Functions written by Francois Buscot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-01-04 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For this third volume of the series Soil Biology, internationally renowned scientists shed light on the significant roles of microbes in soil. Key topics covered include: bioerosion, humification, mineralization and soil aggregation; Interactions in the mycorrhizosphere; microbes and plant nutrient cycling; Microbes in soil surface or toxic metal polluted soils; Use of marker genes and isotopes in soil microbiology, and many more.
Author : Alexandra Bot
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
ISBN 13 : 9789251053669
Total Pages : 96 pages
Book Rating : 4.0/5 (536 download)
Download or read book The Importance of Soil Organic Matter written by Alexandra Bot and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2005 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil organic matter - the product of on-site biological decomposition - affects the chemical and physical properties of the soil and its overall health. Its composition and breakdown rate affect: the soil structure and porosity; the water infiltration rate and moisture holding capacity of soils; the diversity and biological activity of soil organisms; and plant nutrient availability. This document concentrates on the organic matter dynamics of cropping soils and discusses the circumstances that deplete organic matter and their negative outcomes. It then moves on to more proactive solutions. It reviews a "basket" of practices in order to show how they can increase organic matter content and discusses the land and cropping benefits that then accrue.--Publisher's description.
Author : Girish Shukla
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642142257
Total Pages : 392 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (421 download)
Download or read book Soil Enzymology written by Girish Shukla and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-10-17 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soil enzymes are one of the vital key mediators involved in nutrient recycling and the decomposition of organic matter and thereby in maintaining soil quality and fertility. This Soil Biology volume covers the various facets of soil enzymes, such as their functions, biochemical and microbiological properties and the factors affecting their activities. Enzymes in the rhizosphere, in forest soils, and in volcanic ash-derived soils are described. Soil enzymes covered include phosphohydrolases, lignocellulose-degrading enzymes, phenol oxidases, fungal oxidoreductases, keratinases, pectinases, xylanases, lipases and pectinases. Several chapters treat the soil enzymatic activities in the bioremediation of soils contaminated with pesticides and pollutants such as oil, chlorinated compounds, synthetic dyes and aromatic hydrocarbons. The role of soil enzymes as bioindicators is a further important topic addressed.
Author : Nirmala Gunapala
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (54 download)
Download or read book Soil Microbial Dynamics and Nitrogen Availability in Organic, Low Input and Conventional Cropping Systems written by Nirmala Gunapala and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Philip J. White
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1402084358
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (2 download)
Download or read book The Ecophysiology of Plant-Phosphorus Interactions written by Philip J. White and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-06-03 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant growth. It is as phosphate that plants take up P from the soil solution. Since little phosphate is available to plants in most soils, plants have evolved a range of mechanisms to acquire and use P efficiently – including the development of symbiotic relationships that help them access sources of phosphorus beyond the plant’s own range. At the same time, in agricultural systems, applications of inorganic phosphate fertilizers aimed at overcoming phosphate limitation are unsustainable and can cause pollution. This latest volume in Springer’s Plant Ecophysiology series takes an in-depth look at these diverse plant-phosphorus interactions in natural and agricultural environments, presenting a series of critical reviews on the current status of research. In particular, the book presents a wealth of information on the genetic and phenotypic variation in natural plant ecosystems adapted to low P availability, which could be of particular relevance to developing new crop varieties with enhanced abilities to grow under P-limiting conditions. The book provides a valuable reference material for graduates and research scientists working in the field of plant-phosphorus interactions, as well as for those working in plant breeding and sustainable agricultural development.
Author : Stéphane Pesce
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2889638812
Total Pages : 569 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (896 download)
Download or read book Microbial Ecotoxicology written by Stéphane Pesce and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2020-07-17 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Jost Wingender
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 3642601472
Total Pages : 266 pages
Book Rating : 4.6/5 (426 download)
Download or read book Microbial Extracellular Polymeric Substances written by Jost Wingender and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) are the key components for the aggregation of microorganisms in biofilms, flocs and sludge. They are composed of polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, lipids and other biological macromolecules. EPS provide a highly hydrated gel matrix in which microbial cells can establish stable synergistic consortia. Cohesion and adhesion as well as morphology, structure, biological function and other properties such as mechanical stability, diffusion, sorption and optical properties of microbial aggregates are determined by the EPS matrix. Also, the protection of biofilm organisms against biocides is attributed to the EPS. Their matrix allows phase separation in biofiltration and is also important for the degradation of particulate material which is of great importance for the self purification processes in surface waters and for waste water treatment.
Author : Richard G. Burns
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 0824744209
Total Pages : 740 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (247 download)
Download or read book Enzymes in the Environment written by Richard G. Burns and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-01-29 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The need to understand the biological processes that are important for essential aquatic and terrestrial ecosystem function has prompted much research into the field of ecological enzymology. This book presents the two broad areas of application in a compilation of reviews by 21 international experts in their respective fields. The first explores enzymatic activities to assess the processes or mechanisms that operate in a given system, such as the rhizosphere, plant leaves and shoots, soil surfaces, and biofilms. The second considers enzymes or microbial cells as sensors to detect microbial activity and stresses due to pollution, management, or climatic change in both aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.
Author : Bin Huang
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
ISBN 13 : 2832534678
Total Pages : 538 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (325 download)
Download or read book Soil microbiome community and functional succession mechanism driven by different factors in agricultural ecology written by Bin Huang and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-09-29 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Author : Fred Magdoff
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 113551206X
Total Pages : 707 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (355 download)
Download or read book Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture written by Fred Magdoff and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2004-05-27 with total page 707 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognition of the importance of soil organic matter (SOM) in soil health and quality is a major part of fostering a holistic, preventive approach to agricultural management. Students in agronomy, horticulture, and soil science need a textbook that emphasizes strategies for using SOM management in the prevention of chemical, biological, and physic
Author : Douglas L. Karlen
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
ISBN 13 : 0891189904
Total Pages : 527 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (911 download)
Download or read book Soil Health Analysis, Set written by Douglas L. Karlen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-13 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 1 briefly reviews selected “Approaches to Soil Health Analysis” including a brief history of the concept, challenges and opportunities, meta-data and assessment, applications to forestry and urban land reclamation, and future soil health monitoring and evaluation approaches. Volume 2 focuses on “Laboratory Methods for Soil Health Analysis” including an overview and suggested analytical approaches intended to provide meaningful, comparable data so that soil health can be used to guide restoration and protection of our global soil resources.
Author : Jan Dirk van Elsas
Publisher : CRC Press
ISBN 13 : 9780824727499
Total Pages : 704 pages
Book Rating : 4.7/5 (274 download)
Download or read book Modern Soil Microbiology, Second Edition written by Jan Dirk van Elsas and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-12-21 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the ten years since the publication of Modern Soil Microbiology, the study of soil microbiology has significantly changed, both in the understanding of the diversity and function of soil microbial communities and in research methods. Ideal for students in a variety of disciplines, this second edition provides a cutting-edge examination of a fascinating discipline that encompasses ecology, physiology, genetics, molecular biology, and biotechnology, and makes use of biochemical and biophysical approaches. The chapters cover topics ranging from the fundamental to the applied and describe the use of advanced methods that have provided a great thrust to the discipline of soil microbiology. Using the latest molecular analyses, they integrate principles of soil microbiology with novel insights into the physiology of soil microorganisms. The authors discuss the soil and rhizosphere as habitats for microorganisms, then go on to describe the different microbial groups, their adaptive responses, and their respective processes in interactive and functional terms. The book highlights a range of applied aspects of soil microbiology, including the nature of disease-suppressive soils, the use of biological control agents, biopesticides and bioremediation agents, and the need for correct statistics and experimentation in the analyses of the data obtained from soil systems.
Author : C. Milton Coughenour
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
ISBN 13 : 9780813819471
Total Pages : 360 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (194 download)
Download or read book Conservation Tillage and Cropping Innovation written by C. Milton Coughenour and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 2001-05-03 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sociological study of changing farming methods, Conservation Tillage and Cropping Innovation investigates those techniques that have gradually continued to replace the plow culture. With thorough documentation of the conservation tillage and cropping revolution, this book features chapters on: The Social Construction of Innovative Networks; Planning Conservation Cropping: Implications for Research, Development, and Extension; The New Agriculture of Conservation Cropping: Present and Future.
