Societal Risk Assessment

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Societal Risk Assessment

Author : Richard C. Schwing
Publisher : Springer
ISBN 13 : 148990445X
Total Pages : 363 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (899 download)

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Book Synopsis Societal Risk Assessment by : Richard C. Schwing

Download or read book Societal Risk Assessment written by Richard C. Schwing and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-12-19 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume constitutes the papers and discussions from a symposium on "Societal Risk Assessment: How Safe is Safe Enough?" held at the General Motors Research Laboratories on October 8-9, 1979. This symposium was the twenty-fourth in an annual series sponsored by the Research Laboratories. Initi ated in 1957, these symposia have as their objective the promotion of the interchange ofknowledge among specialists from many allied disciplines in rapidly developing or changing areas ofscience or technology. Attendees characteristically represent the academic, government, and industrial institutions that are noted for their ongoing activities in the particular area of interest. The objective of this symposium was to develop a balanced view of the current status of societal risk assessment's role in the public policy process and then to establish, if possible, future directions of research. Accordingly, the symposium was structured in two dimensions; certainty versus uncertainty and the subjective versus the objective. Furthermore, people representing extremely diverse discip lines concerned with the perception, quantification, and abatement of risks were brought together to provide an environment that stimulated the exchange of ideas and experiences. The keys to this exchange were the invited papers, arranged into four symposium sessions. These papers appear in this volume in the order of their presentation. The discussions that in turn followed from the papers are also included.

Societal Risk Assessment

Author : Richard C. Schwing
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 9781489904461
Total Pages : 376 pages
Book Rating : 4.9/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis Societal Risk Assessment by : Richard C. Schwing

Download or read book Societal Risk Assessment written by Richard C. Schwing and published by . This book was released on 2014-09-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Societal Risk Assessment

Author : General Motors Corporation. Research Laboratories
Publisher :
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 0 pages
Book Rating : 4.:/5 (618 download)

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Book Synopsis Societal Risk Assessment by : General Motors Corporation. Research Laboratories

Download or read book Societal Risk Assessment written by General Motors Corporation. Research Laboratories and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 030904894X
Total Pages : 668 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment by : National Research Council

Download or read book Science and Judgment in Risk Assessment written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 668 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The public depends on competent risk assessment from the federal government and the scientific community to grapple with the threat of pollution. When risk reports turn out to be overblownâ€"or when risks are overlookedâ€"public skepticism abounds. This comprehensive and readable book explores how the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) can improve its risk assessment practices, with a focus on implementation of the 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments. With a wealth of detailed information, pertinent examples, and revealing analysis, the volume explores the "default option" and other basic concepts. It offers two views of EPA operations: The first examines how EPA currently assesses exposure to hazardous air pollutants, evaluates the toxicity of a substance, and characterizes the risk to the public. The second, more holistic, view explores how EPA can improve in several critical areas of risk assessment by focusing on cross-cutting themes and incorporating more scientific judgment. This comprehensive volume will be important to the EPA and other agencies, risk managers, environmental advocates, scientists, faculty, students, and concerned individuals.

Risk Assessment in the Federal Government

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309033497
Total Pages : 206 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Assessment in the Federal Government by : National Research Council

Download or read book Risk Assessment in the Federal Government written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1983-02-01 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The regulation of potentially hazardous substances has become a controversial issue. This volume evaluates past efforts to develop and use risk assessment guidelines, reviews the experience of regulatory agencies with different administrative arrangements for risk assessment, and evaluates various proposals to modify procedures. The book's conclusions and recommendations can be applied across the entire field of environmental health.

The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk

Author : B.B. Johnson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 9400933959
Total Pages : 403 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk by : B.B. Johnson

Download or read book The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk written by B.B. Johnson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 403 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk: Issues, Methods, and Case Studies Vincent T. Covello and Branden B. Johnson Risks to health, safety, and the environment abound in the world and people cope as best they can. But before action can be taken to control, reduce, or eliminate these risks, decisions must be made about which risks are important and which risks can safely be ignored. The challenge for decision makers is that consensus on these matters is often lacking. Risks believed by some individuals and groups to be tolerable or accept able - such as the risks of nuclear power or industrial pollutants - are intolerable and unacceptable to others. This book addresses this issue by exploring how particular technological risks come to be selected for societal attention and action. Each section of the volume examines, from a different perspective, how individuals, groups, communities, and societies decide what is risky, how risky it is, and what should be done. The writing of this book was inspired by another book: Risk and Culture: An Essay on the Selection of Technoloqical and Environmental Dangers. Published in 1982 and written by two distinguished scholars - Mary Douglas, a British social anthropologist, and Aaron Wildavsky, an American political scientist - the book received wide critical attention and offered several provocative ideas on the nature of risk selection, perception, and acceptance.

Quantified Societal Risk and Policy Making

Author : Richard E. Jorissen
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
ISBN 13 : 1475728018
Total Pages : 242 pages
Book Rating : 4.4/5 (757 download)

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Book Synopsis Quantified Societal Risk and Policy Making by : Richard E. Jorissen

Download or read book Quantified Societal Risk and Policy Making written by Richard E. Jorissen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Quantified Societal Risk and Policy Making is the result of an international workshop on societal risk organized by the Dutch Ministry for Transport, Public Works and Water Management with additional financial support from the Directorate for Transportation (DG VII) of the European Union. Managing risks, whether there is a strong man-made or natural component, basically means assessing alternative options under uncertainty. The possibility of multiple fatalities is one of the factors that can vary between options. This volume is concerned with one particular type of risk - the risk of death of a number of people in one accident - and with one particular tool - probabilistic risk analysis - as they are developing in various domains of society nowadays. Generally, this risk is labelled societal risk. This book shows how such comparisons are shaped at present in various hazard domains, such as: flood protection location and physical planning of industry transportation of chemicals, and prevention of aircraft accidents. It examines how to represent aggregate risks from major hazards in ways that can be handled by policy-makers. The purpose of the book is to increase the awareness of societal risk, disseminate available knowledge of existing approaches, and exchange information on applications from various domains. Quantified Societal Risk and Policy Making should be of interest to all those professionally concerned with defining the optimal separation between hazardous activities and equally desirable developments nearby.

Tsunami Warning and Preparedness

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309137535
Total Pages : 296 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Tsunami Warning and Preparedness by : National Research Council

Download or read book Tsunami Warning and Preparedness written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-04-01 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many coastal areas of the United States are at risk for tsunamis. After the catastrophic 2004 tsunami in the Indian Ocean, legislation was passed to expand U.S. tsunami warning capabilities. Since then, the nation has made progress in several related areas on both the federal and state levels. At the federal level, NOAA has improved the ability to detect and forecast tsunamis by expanding the sensor network. Other federal and state activities to increase tsunami safety include: improvements to tsunami hazard and evacuation maps for many coastal communities; vulnerability assessments of some coastal populations in several states; and new efforts to increase public awareness of the hazard and how to respond. Tsunami Warning and Preparedness explores the advances made in tsunami detection and preparedness, and identifies the challenges that still remain. The book describes areas of research and development that would improve tsunami education, preparation, and detection, especially with tsunamis that arrive less than an hour after the triggering event. It asserts that seamless coordination between the two Tsunami Warning Centers and clear communications to local officials and the public could create a timely and effective response to coastal communities facing a pending tsuanami. According to Tsunami Warning and Preparedness, minimizing future losses to the nation from tsunamis requires persistent progress across the broad spectrum of efforts including: risk assessment, public education, government coordination, detection and forecasting, and warning-center operations. The book also suggests designing effective interagency exercises, using professional emergency-management standards to prepare communities, and prioritizing funding based on tsunami risk.

Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309671035
Total Pages : 317 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (96 download)

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Book Synopsis Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social isolation and loneliness are serious yet underappreciated public health risks that affect a significant portion of the older adult population. Approximately one-quarter of community-dwelling Americans aged 65 and older are considered to be socially isolated, and a significant proportion of adults in the United States report feeling lonely. People who are 50 years of age or older are more likely to experience many of the risk factors that can cause or exacerbate social isolation or loneliness, such as living alone, the loss of family or friends, chronic illness, and sensory impairments. Over a life course, social isolation and loneliness may be episodic or chronic, depending upon an individual's circumstances and perceptions. A substantial body of evidence demonstrates that social isolation presents a major risk for premature mortality, comparable to other risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, or obesity. As older adults are particularly high-volume and high-frequency users of the health care system, there is an opportunity for health care professionals to identify, prevent, and mitigate the adverse health impacts of social isolation and loneliness in older adults. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults summarizes the evidence base and explores how social isolation and loneliness affect health and quality of life in adults aged 50 and older, particularly among low income, underserved, and vulnerable populations. This report makes recommendations specifically for clinical settings of health care to identify those who suffer the resultant negative health impacts of social isolation and loneliness and target interventions to improve their social conditions. Social Isolation and Loneliness in Older Adults considers clinical tools and methodologies, better education and training for the health care workforce, and dissemination and implementation that will be important for translating research into practice, especially as the evidence base for effective interventions continues to flourish.

Science and Decisions

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309120462
Total Pages : 422 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Science and Decisions by : National Research Council

Download or read book Science and Decisions written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-03-24 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk assessment has become a dominant public policy tool for making choices, based on limited resources, to protect public health and the environment. It has been instrumental to the mission of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) as well as other federal agencies in evaluating public health concerns, informing regulatory and technological decisions, prioritizing research needs and funding, and in developing approaches for cost-benefit analysis. However, risk assessment is at a crossroads. Despite advances in the field, risk assessment faces a number of significant challenges including lengthy delays in making complex decisions; lack of data leading to significant uncertainty in risk assessments; and many chemicals in the marketplace that have not been evaluated and emerging agents requiring assessment. Science and Decisions makes practical scientific and technical recommendations to address these challenges. This book is a complement to the widely used 1983 National Academies book, Risk Assessment in the Federal Government (also known as the Red Book). The earlier book established a framework for the concepts and conduct of risk assessment that has been adopted by numerous expert committees, regulatory agencies, and public health institutions. The new book embeds these concepts within a broader framework for risk-based decision-making. Together, these are essential references for those working in the regulatory and public health fields.

Social Theories of Risk

Author : Sheldon Krimsky
Publisher : Praeger
ISBN 13 :
Total Pages : 440 pages
Book Rating : 4.F/5 ( download)

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Book Synopsis Social Theories of Risk by : Sheldon Krimsky

Download or read book Social Theories of Risk written by Sheldon Krimsky and published by Praeger. This book was released on 1992-08-30 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social science approach to risk has matured over the past two decades, with distinct paradigms developing in disciplines such as anthropology, economics, geography, psychology, and sociology. Social Theories of Risk traces the intellectual origins and histories of twelve of the established and emerging paradigms from the perspective of their principal proponents. Each contributor examines the underlying assumptions of his or her paradigm, the foundational issue it seeks to address, and likely future directions of research. Taken together, these essays illustrate that the principal achievement of social sciences has been to broaden the debate about risk beyond the narrow, technical considerations of engineers and the physical and life sciences. The authors conclude that expert knowledge is not value-free, that public perceptions of and attitudes toward risks vary according to a wide range of social, psychological, and cultural variables, and that public opposition to particular risks cannot be assuaged by technical fixes. The essays reveal the circuitous paths that lead people to the study of risk, highlight how these paths have crossed and discuss some of the seminal influences on individuals and the field in general. Social Theories of Risk presents a broad, retrospective view of the state of the theory in the social sciences, written by many who have been on the cutting edge of risk research since its early days. The book includes both established and novel perspectives that address the theoretical foundations of the field and reflect what we know about risk as a psychological, social, and cultural phenomenon. The collection of papers not only informs us of the tributary ideas that spawned the social studies of risk, but also how the field has matured. The biographical flavor of the essays provides fascinating reading for established members of the field, and a valuable entree for newcomers. It is an ideal college text for courses in the history of science, environmental policy, and science, technology, and society, as well as the burgeoning array of more specialized courses in risk assessment and management.

Integrating Social Care into the Delivery of Health Care

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309493463
Total Pages : 195 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (94 download)

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Book Synopsis Integrating Social Care into the Delivery of Health Care by : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine

Download or read book Integrating Social Care into the Delivery of Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-12-30 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Integrating Social Care into the Delivery of Health Care: Moving Upstream to Improve the Nation's Health was released in September 2019, before the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a global pandemic in March 2020. Improving social conditions remains critical to improving health outcomes, and integrating social care into health care delivery is more relevant than ever in the context of the pandemic and increased strains placed on the U.S. health care system. The report and its related products ultimately aim to help improve health and health equity, during COVID-19 and beyond. The consistent and compelling evidence on how social determinants shape health has led to a growing recognition throughout the health care sector that improving health and health equity is likely to depend â€" at least in part â€" on mitigating adverse social determinants. This recognition has been bolstered by a shift in the health care sector towards value-based payment, which incentivizes improved health outcomes for persons and populations rather than service delivery alone. The combined result of these changes has been a growing emphasis on health care systems addressing patients' social risk factors and social needs with the aim of improving health outcomes. This may involve health care systems linking individual patients with government and community social services, but important questions need to be answered about when and how health care systems should integrate social care into their practices and what kinds of infrastructure are required to facilitate such activities. Integrating Social Care into the Delivery of Health Care: Moving Upstream to Improve the Nation's Health examines the potential for integrating services addressing social needs and the social determinants of health into the delivery of health care to achieve better health outcomes. This report assesses approaches to social care integration currently being taken by health care providers and systems, and new or emerging approaches and opportunities; current roles in such integration by different disciplines and organizations, and new or emerging roles and types of providers; and current and emerging efforts to design health care systems to improve the nation's health and reduce health inequities.

Risk Management and Assessment

Author : Jorge Rocha
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
ISBN 13 : 1838807942
Total Pages : 116 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (388 download)

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Book Synopsis Risk Management and Assessment by : Jorge Rocha

Download or read book Risk Management and Assessment written by Jorge Rocha and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-10-14 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk analysis, risk evaluation and risk management are the three core areas in the process known as 'Risk Assessment'. Risk assessment corresponds to the joint effort of identifying and analysing potential future events, and evaluating the acceptability of risk based on the risk analysis, while considering influencing factors. In short, risk assessment analyses what can go wrong, how likely it is to happen and, if it happens, what are the potential consequences. Since risk is a multi-disciplinary domain, this book gathers contributions covering a wide spectrum of topics with regard to their theoretical background and field of application. The work is organized in the three core areas of risk assessment.

Health and Behavior

Author : Institute of Medicine
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309187370
Total Pages : 396 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (91 download)

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Book Synopsis Health and Behavior by : Institute of Medicine

Download or read book Health and Behavior written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-10-18 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Health and Behavior reviews our improved understanding of the complex interplay among biological, psychological, and social influences and explores findings suggested by recent research-including interventions at multiple levels that we can employ to improve human health. The book covers three main areas: What do biological, behavioral, and social sciences contribute to our understanding of healthâ€"including cardiovascular, immune system and brain functioning, behaviors that influence health, the role of social networks and socioeconomic status, and more. What can we learn from applied research on interventions to improve the health of individuals, families, communities, organizations, and larger populations? How can we expeditiously translate research findings into application?

A Safer Future

Author : National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
ISBN 13 : 0309045460
Total Pages : 85 pages
Book Rating : 4.3/5 (9 download)

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Book Synopsis A Safer Future by : National Research Council

Download or read book A Safer Future written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1991-02-01 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Initial priorities for U.S. participation in the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction, declared by the United Nations, are contained in this volume. It focuses on seven issues: hazard and risk assessment; awareness and education; mitigation; preparedness for emergency response; recovery and reconstruction; prediction and warning; learning from disasters; and U.S. participation internationally. The committee presents its philosophy of calls for broad public and private participation to reduce the toll of disasters.

The Social Contours of Risk: Risk analysis, corporations and the globalization of risk

Author : Jeanne X. Kasperson
Publisher : Earthscan
ISBN 13 : 1844071758
Total Pages : 343 pages
Book Rating : 4.8/5 (44 download)

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Book Synopsis The Social Contours of Risk: Risk analysis, corporations and the globalization of risk by : Jeanne X. Kasperson

Download or read book The Social Contours of Risk: Risk analysis, corporations and the globalization of risk written by Jeanne X. Kasperson and published by Earthscan. This book was released on 2005 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Contours of RiskVolume I: Publics, Risk Communication and the Social Amplification of RiskWe live in a 'risk society' where the identification, distribution and management of risks, from new technology, environmental factors or other sources are crucial to our individual and social existence. In The Social Contours of Risk, Volumes I and II, two of the world's leading and most influential analysts of the social dimensions of risk bring together their most important contributions to this fundamental and wide-ranging field.Volume I collects their fundamental work on how risks are communicated among different publics and stakeholders, including local communities, corporations and the larger society. It analyses the problems of lack of transparency and trust, and explores how even minor effects can be amplified and distorted through media and social responses, preventing effective management. The final section investigates the difficult ethical issues raised by the unequal distribution of risk depending on factors such as wealth, location and genetic inheritance - with examples from worker and public protection, facility-siting conflicts, transporting hazardous waste and widespread impacts such as climate change.

Climate Extremes and Their Implications for Impact and Risk Assessment

Author : Jana Sillmann
Publisher :
ISBN 13 : 0128148950
Total Pages : 378 pages
Book Rating : 4.1/5 (281 download)

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Book Synopsis Climate Extremes and Their Implications for Impact and Risk Assessment by : Jana Sillmann

Download or read book Climate Extremes and Their Implications for Impact and Risk Assessment written by Jana Sillmann and published by . This book was released on 2019-11 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate extremes often imply significant impacts on human and natural systems, and these extreme events are anticipated to be among the potentially most harmful consequences of a changing climate. However, while extreme event impacts are increasingly recognized, methodologies to address such impacts and the degree of our understanding and prediction capabilities vary widely among different sectors and disciplines. Moreover, traditional climate extreme indices and large-scale multi-model intercomparisons that are used for future projections of extreme events and associated impacts often fall short in capturing the full complexity of impact systems. Climate Extremes and Their Implications for Impact and Risk Assessment describes challenges, opportunities and methodologies for the analysis of the impacts of climate extremes across various sectors to support their impact and risk assessment. It thereby also facilitates cross-sectoral and cross-disciplinary discussions and exchange among climate and impact scientists. The sectors covered include agriculture, terrestrial ecosystems, human health, transport, conflict, and more broadly covering the human-environment nexus. The book concludes with an outlook on the need for more transdisciplinary work and international collaboration between scientists and practitioners to address emergent risks and extreme events towards risk reduction and strengthened societal resilience. Provides an overview about past, present and future changes in climate and weather extremes and how to connect that knowledge to impact and risk assessment under global warming Presents different approaches to assess societal-relevant impacts and risk of climate and weather extremes, including compound events, and the complexity of risk cascades and the interconnectedness of societal risk Features applications across a diversity of sectors, including agriculture, health, ecosystem services and urban transport