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Social Security Reform In Transition Economies
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Book Synopsis Social Security Reform and Its Impact on Chinese Firms During Transition by : Jin Lu
Download or read book Social Security Reform and Its Impact on Chinese Firms During Transition written by Jin Lu and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 123 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Studies on China's economic reform have repeatedly highlighted the importance of the nation's social security reform, yet little is known about how this transition impacted individual firms. This dissertation provides a sociological examination of the impact of social security reform on firms in China. The central research question of this study concerns how institutional constraints resulted from firms' internal governance and organizational environments influence firms' ability to changing employee social security spending as well as the outcome of this reform in terms of firms' financial performance in China. I address this question by examining the dynamic interaction of institutional environment and firm's managerial choices during their adaptation to the nation's new social security policies. I identify groups of firms that shared similar managerial characteristics and strategic focuses and test whether or not firms in different strategic groups display distinct behavior towards their strategies in employee social security spending. I then examine performance outcomes of firms' policies and practices in employee social security spending across different stages of the social security reform. Building on research from strategic choice and institutional theories, I propose that firm's internal strength, such as its financial sources and managerial orientation towards markets, combined with external constraints resulting from local market conditions and regulative or normative pressures firms are typically exposed to in transition economies, would significantly affect a firm's social security spending, and subsequently profit and productivity. I use a data set of 433 State Owned Enterprises from a yearly 1990-99 panel data on Chinese firms to test the proposed hypotheses. The results provide strong support to the hypotheses and reveal that the way these factors taken effect varies along the dimensions of the time periods and the types of social security programs firms have adopted. By focusing on firms rather the establishment of the social security system itself, this study provides a unique perspective to understand the current social security reform and its relationship with the reform of enterprises in China. The results and findings will contribute to explanations of the adaptation process of organizations in transition economies.
Book Synopsis Social Security Reform in Transition Economies by : C. Becker
Download or read book Social Security Reform in Transition Economies written by C. Becker and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-01-05 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines social security reform in the Central Asian republic of Kazakhstan, with a focus on lessons for late reformers such as China and Russia.
Book Synopsis The Gender Impact of Social Security Reform by : Estelle James
Download or read book The Gender Impact of Social Security Reform written by Estelle James and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-09-15 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As populations age and revenues diminish, government and private pension funds around the world are facing insolvency. The looming social security crisis is especially dire for women, who live longer than men but have worked less in the formal labor force. This groundbreaking study examines alternative social security systems and their disparate impacts on men and women. Emphasis is placed on the new multi-pillar systems that combine a publicly managed benefit and a mandatory private retirement saving plan. The Gender Impact of Social Security Reform compares the gendered outcomes of social security systems in Chile, Argentina, and Mexico, and presents empirical findings from Eastern and Central European transition economies as well as several OECD countries. Women’s positions have improved relative to men in countries where joint pensions have been required, widows who have worked can keep the joint pension in addition to their own benefit, the public benefit has been targeted toward low earners, and women’s retirement age has been raised to equality with that of men. The Gender Impact of Social Security Reform will force economists and policy makers to reexamine the design features that enable social security systems to achieve desirable gender outcomes.
Book Synopsis Pension Developments and Reforms in Transition Economies by : M. Cangiano
Download or read book Pension Developments and Reforms in Transition Economies written by M. Cangiano and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 1998-10 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The reform of the public welfare system has been a key component of the structural reform process in transition economies. In countries where the state had been expected to provide social assistance from cradle to grave, the shift to a market economy necessarily involved dramatic changes in the relation between citizens and the social security system, in terms of both the benefits provided and their financing. This need for change had to be addressed by the authorities at a time of extremely unfavorable macroeconomic conditions. In an environment characterized by high or hyperinflation and a collapse of output, the welfare state had to be fixed mostly through ad hoc measures. In particular, pension systems in transition countries were typically used as a buffer to alleviate the effect of the output loss on certain segments of the population and the increased income inequality that characterized the first phase of the transition.
Book Synopsis Social Security Reform in Transition Economies by :
Download or read book Social Security Reform in Transition Economies written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines social security reform in the Central Asian republic of Kazakhstan, with a focus on lessons for late reformers such as China and Russia.
Book Synopsis Sequencing Social Security, Pension, and Insurance Reform by : Dimitri Vittas
Download or read book Sequencing Social Security, Pension, and Insurance Reform written by Dimitri Vittas and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Old-Age Security in Transitional Economies by : M. Louise Fox
Download or read book Old-Age Security in Transitional Economies written by M. Louise Fox and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1994 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pension reform has proved even more contentious an issue than privatization during the former communist countries' transition to a market- based economy.
Book Synopsis Privatizing Social Security by : Martin Feldstein
Download or read book Privatizing Social Security written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 484 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents the most important work to date on one of the pressing policy issues of the moment: the privatization of social security. Although social security is facing enormous fiscal pressure in the face of an aging population, there has been relatively little published on the fundamentals of essential reform through privatization. Privatizing Social Security fills this void by studying the methods and problems involved in shifting from the current system to one based on mandatory saving in individual accounts. "Timely and important. . . . [Privatizing Social Security] presents a forceful case for a radical shift from the existing unfunded, pay-as-you-go single national program to a mandatory funded program with individual savings accounts. . . . An extensive analysis of how a privatized plan would work in the United States is supplemented with the experiences of five other countries that have privatized plans." —Library Journal "[A] high-powered collection of essays by top experts in the field."—Timothy Taylor, Public Interest
Book Synopsis Social Security Reform by : Jason Z. Yin
Download or read book Social Security Reform written by Jason Z. Yin and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first-ever book to provide a comprehensive analysis of Chinese social security reforms with a variety of views. It addresses issues such as what kind of social security system China should establish, how this system should be managed and financed, and how the transition from the old system to the new system can best be accomplished. The authors of the papers in this book include internationally renowned Chinese and Western social security experts (such as Martin Feldstein and Henry Aaron), Chinese policy makers, and scholars who have worked on Chinese social security for years.
Book Synopsis Making Sense of Social Security Reform by : Daniel Shaviro
Download or read book Making Sense of Social Security Reform written by Daniel Shaviro and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2000 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Social Security Act of 1935 must be counted among the most monumental pieces of legislation ever passed by Congress. Today, sixty-five years after its enactment, public support for Social Security remains extremely strong. At the same time, there have been reports that Social Security is in grave danger of financial collapse, and numerous groups across the political spectrum have agitated for its reform. The president has put forward proposals to rescue Social Security, conservatives argue for its privatization, and liberals advocate increases in its funding from surplus tax revenues. But what is the average person to make of all this? How many Americans know where the money for Social Security benefits really comes from, or who wins and loses from the system's overall operations? Few people understand the current Social Security system in even its broadest outlines. And yet Social Security reform is ranked among the most important social issues of our time. With Making Sense of Social Security Reform, Daniel Shaviro makes an important contribution to the public understanding of the issues involved in reforming Social Security. His book clearly and straightforwardly describes the current system and the pressures that have been brought to bear upon it, before dissecting and evaluating the various reform proposals. Accessible to anyone who has an interest in the issue, Shaviro's new work is unique in offering a balanced, nonpartisan account.
Book Synopsis Privatization and Pension Reform in Transition Economies by : Glenn P Jenkins
Download or read book Privatization and Pension Reform in Transition Economies written by Glenn P Jenkins and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis A New Deal for Social Security by : Peter Ferrara
Download or read book A New Deal for Social Security written by Peter Ferrara and published by Cato Institute. This book was released on 1998 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the history of Social Security and predicts that the system will face bankruptcy within the next few years.
Book Synopsis Report of the National Commission on Social Security Reform by : United States. National Commission on Social Security Reform
Download or read book Report of the National Commission on Social Security Reform written by United States. National Commission on Social Security Reform and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis Social Security Reform by : Barbara D. Bovbjerg (ed)
Download or read book Social Security Reform written by Barbara D. Bovbjerg (ed) and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2005-09 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The sooner our nation acts to address Social Security's long-term financial challenges, the easier it will be to successfully meet them. The choices are not difficult to understand, but they are difficult to make. They affect both how much Americans pay for Social Security & how much they receive from the program. They require changes that not only will affect us but have implications for future generations. This guide provides answers to questions about the most basic aspects of Social Security & reform issues in a concise & easy-to-understand format. It provides straightforward answers to how Social Security works, why it needs reform, what the basic options are, & how to assess their implications.
Download or read book Social Security Reform written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Book Synopsis The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform by : Martin Feldstein
Download or read book The Distributional Aspects of Social Security and Social Security Reform written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social security is the largest and perhaps the most popular program run by the federal government. Given the projected increase in both individual life expectancy and sheer number of retirees, however, the current system faces an eventual overload. Alternative proposals have emerged, ranging from reductions in future benefits to a rise in taxrevenue to various forms of investment-based personal retirement accounts. As this volume suggests, the distributional consequences of these proposals are substantially different and may disproportionately affect those groups who depend on social security to avoid poverty in old age. Together, these studies persuasively show that appropriately designed investment-based social security reforms can effectively reduce the long-term burden of an aging society on future taxpayers, increase the expected future income of retirees, and mitigate poverty rates among the elderly.
Book Synopsis Social Security Pension Reform in Europe by : Martin Feldstein
Download or read book Social Security Pension Reform in Europe written by Martin Feldstein and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2009-02-15 with total page 515 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Social Security in the United States and in Europe is at a critical juncture. Through the essays assembled in Social Security Pension Reform in Europe, Martin Feldstein and Horst Siebert, along with a number of distinguished contributors, discuss the challenges facing Social Security reform in the aging societies of Europe. A remarkable range of European nations—Germany, France, Finland, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Italy, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and Hungary—have implemented or are about to implement mixed Social Security systems that combine a traditional defined benefit of the pay-as-you-go system with an individual retirement account defined contribution of a capital-funded system. The essays here highlight the problems that the European pension reform process faces and how it differs from that of the United States. This timely volume will significantly enrich the debate on pension reform worldwide.
