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Small Firms Formalisation
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Download or read book Informality written by Guillermo Perry and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. This book uses two distinct but complementary lenses. It concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the "culture of informality" will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy.
Book Synopsis The South African Informal Sector by : Frederick C. v. N. Fourie
Download or read book The South African Informal Sector written by Frederick C. v. N. Fourie and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Although South Africa's informal sector is small compared to other developing countries, it nevertheless provides livelihoods, employment and income for millions of workers and business owners. Almost half of informal-sector workers work in firms with employees. The annual entry of new enterprises is quite high, as is the number of informal enterprises that grow their employment. There is no shortage of entrepreneurship and desire to grow. However, obstacles and constraints cause hardship and failure, pointing to the need for well-designed policies to enable and support the sector, rather than suppress it. The same goes for formalisation. Recognising the informal sector as an integral part of the economy, rather than ignoring it, is a crucial first step towards instituting a 'smart' policy approach. The South African Informal Sector is strongly evidence- and data-driven, with substantial quantitative contributions combined with qualitative findings--suitable for an era of increased pressure for evidence-based policy-making--and utilises several disciplinary perspectives."--
Book Synopsis The Long Shadow of Informality by : Franziska Ohnsorge
Download or read book The Long Shadow of Informality written by Franziska Ohnsorge and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2022-02-09 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A large percentage of workers and firms operate in the informal economy, outside the line of sight of governments in emerging market and developing economies. This may hold back the recovery in these economies from the deep recessions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic--unless governments adopt a broad set of policies to address the challenges of widespread informality. This study is the first comprehensive analysis of the extent of informality and its implications for a durable economic recovery and for long-term development. It finds that pervasive informality is associated with significantly weaker economic outcomes--including lower government resources to combat recessions, lower per capita incomes, greater poverty, less financial development, and weaker investment and productivity.
Book Synopsis Informality Revisited by : William Francis Maloney
Download or read book Informality Revisited written by William Francis Maloney and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2003 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author develops a view of the informal sector in developing countries primarily as an unregulated micro-entrepreneurial sector and not as a disadvantaged residual of segmented labor markets. Drawing on recent work from Latin America, he offers alternative explanations for many of the characteristics of the informal sector customarily regarded as evidence of its inferiority.
Book Synopsis Microenterprises in Developing Countries by : Committee of Donor Agencies for Small Enterprise Development
Download or read book Microenterprises in Developing Countries written by Committee of Donor Agencies for Small Enterprise Development and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microenterprises - very small businesses consisting of a single self-employed person, a family, or at the most a few employees - are the main source of livelihood of up to half of the population of most developing countries. In the past this vital sector, often referred to also as the informal sector, has received inadequate attention, but increasingly multilateral and bilateral agencies and non-governmental organizations are searching for ways to help improve the effectiveness of these microenterprise operations and to enable them to make a greater contribution to the development of the third world and to the general efforts to enhance incomes and raise living standards.This collection of sixteen papers by experts with considerable experience in the field emanates from the International Conference on Microenterprises held in Washington DC, USA, sponsored by the Committee of Donor Agencies for Small Enterprise Development on 6-9 June 1988. It is organized according to the major issues relating to the subject: the structure of the microenterprise sector, government policies towards microenterprises, informal credit markets, financial and technical services, institutional aspects and a review of the experience of assistance projects. This publication should be of great interest and value to all concerned in increasing assistance to the development of microenterprises in developing countries.
Book Synopsis World Development Report 2013 by : World Bank
Download or read book World Development Report 2013 written by World Bank and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2012-10-15 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jobs provide higher earnings and better benefits as countries grow, but they are also a driver of development. Poverty falls as people work their way out of hardship and as jobs empowering women lead to greater investments in children. Efficiency increases as workers get better at what they do, as more productive jobs appear, and less productive ones disappear. Societies flourish as jobs bring together people from different ethnic and social backgrounds and provide alternatives to conflict. Jobs are thus more than a byproduct of economic growth. They are transformational —they are what we earn, what we do, and even who we are. High unemployment and unmet job expectations among youth are the most immediate concerns. But in many developing countries, where farming and self-employment are prevalent and safety nets are modest are best, unemployment rates can be low. In these countries, growth is seldom jobless. Most of their poor work long hours but simply cannot make ends meet. And the violation of basic rights is not uncommon. Therefore, the number of jobs is not all that matters: jobs with high development payoffs are needed. Confronted with these challenges, policy makers ask difficult questions. Should countries build their development strategies around growth, or should they focus on jobs? Can entrepreneurship be fostered, especially among the many microenterprises in developing countries, or are entrepreneurs born? Are greater investments in education and training a prerequisite for employability, or can skills be built through jobs? In times of major crises and structural shifts, should jobs, not just workers, be protected? And is there a risk that policies supporting job creation in one country will come at the expense of jobs in other countries? The World Development Report 2013: Jobs offers answers to these and other difficult questions by looking at jobs as drivers of development—not as derived labor demand—and by considering all types of jobs—not just formal wage employment. The Report provides a framework that cuts across sectors and shows that the best policy responses vary across countries, depending on their levels of development, endowments, demography, and institutions. Policy fundamentals matter in all cases, as they enable a vibrant private sector, the source of most jobs in the world. Labor policies can help as well, even if they are less critical than is often assumed. Development policies, from making smallholder farming viable to fostering functional cities to engaging in global markets, hold the key to success.
Book Synopsis Formalizing the Shadow Economy in Serbia by : Gorana Krstić
Download or read book Formalizing the Shadow Economy in Serbia written by Gorana Krstić and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-21 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objective of this book is to develop a strategy and policy measures to enhance the formalization of the shadow economy in order to improve the competitiveness of the economy and contribute to economic growth; it explores these issues with special reference to Serbia. The size and development of the shadow economy in Serbia and other Central and Eastern European countries are estimated using two different methods (the MIMIC method and household-tax-compliance method). Micro-estimates are based on a special survey of business entities in Serbia, which for the first time allows us to explore the shadow economy from the perspective of enterprises and entrepreneurs. The authors identify the types of shadow economy at work in business entities, the determinants of shadow economy participation, and the impact of competition from the informal sector on businesses. Readers will learn both about the potential fiscal effects of reducing the shadow economy to the levels observed in more developed countries and the effects that formalization of the shadow economy can have on economic growth.
Book Synopsis OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship High-Growth Enterprises What Governments Can Do to Make a Difference by : OECD
Download or read book OECD Studies on SMEs and Entrepreneurship High-Growth Enterprises What Governments Can Do to Make a Difference written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2010-11-03 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents reports from 15 countries that provide interesting insights into the operations of and challenges faced by high-growth enterprises as well as a policy survey of 340 programmes in 24 countries.
Book Synopsis License to Sell: the Effect of Business Registration Reform on Entrepreneurial Activity in Mexico by : Miriam Bruhn
Download or read book License to Sell: the Effect of Business Registration Reform on Entrepreneurial Activity in Mexico written by Miriam Bruhn and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper estimates the economic effects of a recent reform that simplified business entry regulation in Mexico. The reform was introduced in different municipalities at different points in time. Using microlevel data, I find that the reform increased the number of registered businesses by 5%. This increase was due to former wage earners' opening businesses. Former unregistered business owners were not more likely to register their business after the reform. The reform also increased wage employment by 2.2%. Finally, the results imply that the competition from new entrants decreased the income of incumbent businesses by 3%.
Book Synopsis Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing and Emerging Markets by : Onyeka Osuji
Download or read book Corporate Social Responsibility in Developing and Emerging Markets written by Onyeka Osuji and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A valuable interdisciplinary resource examining the concept and effectiveness of CSR as a tool for sustainable development in emerging markets.
Book Synopsis Between the Plough and the Pick by : Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt
Download or read book Between the Plough and the Pick written by Kuntala Lahiri-Dutt and published by ANU Press. This book was released on 2018-03-01 with total page 399 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: y global social, agrarian and political changes, whilst underlining the roles that local social political-historical contexts play in shaping mineral extractive processes and practices. It shows that the people who are engaged in these mining practices are often the poorest and most exploited labourers-erstwhile peasants caught in the vortex of global change, who perform the most insecure and dangerous tasks. Although these people are located at the margins of mainstream economic life, they collectively produce enormous amounts of diverse material commodities and find a livelihood (and often a pathway out of oppressive poverty). The contributions to this book bring these people to the forefront of debates on resource politics. The contributors are international scholars and practitioners who explore the complexities in the histories, in labour and production practices, the forces driving such mining, the creative agency and capacities of these miners, as well as the human and environmental costs of ASM. They show how these informal, artisanal and small scale miners are inextricably engaged with, or bound to, global commodity values, are intimately involved in the production of new extractive territories and rural economies, and how their labour reshapes agrarian communities and landscapes of resource access and control. This book drives home the understanding that, collectively, this social and economic milieu redefines our conceptualisation of resource politics, mineral dependent livelihoods, extractive geographies of resources and commodities, and their multiple meanings.
Book Synopsis Lawlessness and Economics by : Avinash K. Dixit
Download or read book Lawlessness and Economics written by Avinash K. Dixit and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2007-05-13 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How can property rights be protected and contracts be enforced in countries where the rule of law is ineffective or absent? How can firms from advanced market economies do business in such circumstances? In Lawlessness and Economics, Avinash Dixit examines the theory of private institutions that transcend or supplement weak economic governance from the state. In much of the world and through much of history, private mechanisms--such as long-term relationships, arbitration, social networks to disseminate information and norms to impose sanctions, and for-profit enforcement services--have grown up in place of formal, state-governed institutions. Even in countries with strong legal systems, many of these mechanisms continue under the shadow of the law. Numerous case studies and empirical investigations have demonstrated the variety, importance, and merits, and drawbacks of such institutions. This book builds on these studies and constructs a toolkit of theoretical models to analyze them. The models shed new conceptual light on the different modes of governance, and deepen our understanding of the interaction of the alternative institutions with each other and with the government's law. For example, one model explains the limit on the size of social networks and illuminates problems in the transition to more formal legal systems as economies grow beyond this limit. Other models explain why for-profit enforcement is inefficient. The models also help us understand why state law dovetails with some non-state institutions and collides with others. This can help less-developed countries and transition economies devise better processes for the introduction or reform of their formal legal systems.
Book Synopsis Linking the Formal and Informal Economy by : Basudeb Guha-Khasnobis
Download or read book Linking the Formal and Informal Economy written by Basudeb Guha-Khasnobis and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2006-09-21 with total page 313 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of studies on formality and informality in developing countries, this volume contains contributions from anthropologists, economists, sociologists, and political scientists. It argues for moving beyond the formal-informal dichotomy, and offers information to develop guiding principles for intervention.
Book Synopsis Small Business Management by : Tim Mazzarol
Download or read book Small Business Management written by Tim Mazzarol and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 597 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook familiarises students with the theory and practice of small business management and challenges assumptions that may be held about the way small business management can or should adopt the management practices of larger firms. For students interested in establishing and managing their own small firm, this book helps them to focus their thinking on the realities of life as a small business owner-manager – both its challenges and its rewards. For postgraduate students that are keen to ‘make a difference’, this text enables them to understand how they might consult to small firms and assist owner-managers to establish and grow their ventures. In addition to students, this book is also useful to small business owner-managers as a general guide on how they might better manage their operations. Managers in large corporations and financial institutions who deal with small businesses as clients or suppliers, and professionals such as accountants, lawyers and consultants who provide advice and other services to small businesses will also find the book of interest.
Book Synopsis Artisanal and Small-scale Mining by : Thomas Hentschel
Download or read book Artisanal and Small-scale Mining written by Thomas Hentschel and published by IIED. This book was released on 2003 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on studies from countries in Africa, South America and Asia, looks at small-scale mining activities which often are both illegal and environmentally damaging, and dangerous for workers and their communities. Gives an overview on the issues and challenges involved, concluding about how sustainable development can be achieved.
Book Synopsis Formalisation Through Taxation by : Jonas Richter
Download or read book Formalisation Through Taxation written by Jonas Richter and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-10-09 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In developing countries, such as Paraguay, informality remains a prevalent and persistent issue. Many avoid formal registration with the authorities and evade tax payments. However, a growing academic literature argues for an interrelation between a broader tax base and a country’s economic and democratic development. A strand of this literature focuses on the means of taxing the informal sector and argues for positive revenue and growth effects. This Palgrave Pivot analyses Paraguay’s 2004 and 2012 tax reforms using both qualitative and quantitative data. It illustrates that the country’s personal income tax, as well as other alterations in the tax system, constitute an incentive and nudging mechanism that leads to a formalisation process of economic activity, and consequently to a broader tax base. Using interview and tax data, the book demonstrates how the reform initiates a rising demand of formalised purchases from both customers and businesses. It further suggests a potential way of how the taxpayers respond politically to the enhanced fiscal imperative.
Book Synopsis The Impact of Regulation on Growth and Informality by : Norman V. Loayza
Download or read book The Impact of Regulation on Growth and Informality written by Norman V. Loayza and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2005 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The authors study the effects of regulation on economic growth and the relative size of the informal sector in a large sample of industrial and developing countries. Along with firm dynamics, informality is an important channel through which regulation affects macroeconomic performance and economic growth in particular. The authors conclude that a heavier regulatory burden-particularly in product and labor markets-reduces growth and induces informality. These effects are, however, mitigated as the overall institutional framework improves.
